CN100467123C - Catalyst for long chain dialkyl ester carbonate in synthetic fally group - Google Patents

Catalyst for long chain dialkyl ester carbonate in synthetic fally group Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100467123C
CN100467123C CNB2004100408407A CN200410040840A CN100467123C CN 100467123 C CN100467123 C CN 100467123C CN B2004100408407 A CNB2004100408407 A CN B2004100408407A CN 200410040840 A CN200410040840 A CN 200410040840A CN 100467123 C CN100467123 C CN 100467123C
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China
Prior art keywords
salt compound
potassium salt
catalyst
carrier
room temperature
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CNB2004100408407A
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CN1759932A (en
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王公应
王庆印
姚洁
王越
曾毅
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Jiangsu Oxiranchem Co Ltd
Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd of CAS
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Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd of CAS
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Abstract

A catalyst for synthesizing aromatic long-chain dialkyl carbonate is composed of potassium salt compound and carrier (or solvent) in mole ratio of 1: (1-100). Its advantages are high selectivity and high output rate.

Description

A kind of catalyst of synthesizing fatty long-chain carbonic dialkyl ester
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of catalyst of synthesizing fatty long-chain carbonic dialkyl ester.
Background technology
The aliphatic long-chain dialkyl carbonate is a kind of transparent liquid or grease, have lower pour point, lubricity, wearability, self-cleaning property, corrosion resistance and hydrocarbon-type oil and have good solubility, higher thermo oxidative stability, biodegradable, have special purposes, as can being used for diphenyl carbonate synthesis, and then polycarbonate synthesis, can also be as the host material of synthetic lubricant fluid, industries such as metal degreasing, aerosol, leather processing.
At present, the synthetic method of aliphatic long-chain dialkyl carbonate mainly contains phosgenation, oxidative carbonylation method, ester-interchange method etc.Phosgenation exists shortcomings such as raw material severe toxicity, operation cycle length, accessory substance severe corrosion equipment, progressively is eliminated.The oxidative carbonylation method generally uses noble metals such as palladium and compound thereof to make catalyst, and catalyst should not be recycled, but its raw material is cheap and easy to get, has development prospect preferably.Ester-interchange method has mainly adopted dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and aliphatic long-chain alkylol ester exchange synthesizing fatty long-chain carbonic dialkyl ester.This method has adopted environmental protection material carbon dimethyl phthalate, can not produce pollution in the course of reaction, and reaction condition is gentle, technological process is simple.
Gryglewicz people such as (Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.2003,42,5007.) adopts two step synthetic methods, generates the own ester of carbonic acid two (2-ethyl) with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and 2-Ethylhexyl Alcohol ester exchange reaction, with (CH 3O) 2Ca makees catalyst, and yield is 65%.Catalyst is not easy to be recycled.
Hacking human dimethyl carbonates (DMC) such as (J.Mole.Catal B:Enzy 9 (2000) 201-208.) and n-butanol reaction carbonate synthesis di-n-butyl, catalyst is a sodium metal.They are dissolved in a spot of sodium metal in the n-butanol, add dimethyl carbonate, temperature rising reflux then.After reaction finishes, collect cut and obtain n-butyl carbonate, yield is 88%.This method relatively is applicable to the prepared in laboratory few products, is not suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Summary of the invention
Be to solve the complex process that exists in the prior art, severe reaction conditions, seriously polluted, the invention provides a kind of catalyst of synthesizing fatty long-chain carbonic dialkyl ester.This catalyst has that selectivity is good, yield is high and the advantage of recyclable utilization.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Potassium salt compound can use as catalyst separately; Also potassium salt compound can be immersed on silica, alchlor, activated carbon, the molecular sieve, make composite catalyst; Also potassium salt compound can be dissolved in the alcamines solvent, make composite catalyst.The mol ratio of potassium salt compound composite catalyst consists of: potassium salt compound: carrier (solvent)=1:1~100.
Aforesaid potassium salt compound is potassium hydroxide, potassium methoxide or potash.
Carrier is silica, alchlor, ceruse, molecular sieve, activated carbon as mentioned above.
Aforesaid alcamines solvent is monoethanolamine, diethanol amine, triethanolamine, an isopropanolamine etc.
The granularity of carrier is 60~300 orders as mentioned above.
Preparation of catalysts method of the present invention is as follows:
Potassium salt compound 200~1000 ℃ of roastings 1~12 hour, is reduced to room temperature then, make catalyst.
With carrier 200~1000 ℃ of roastings 1~12 hour, be cooled to room temperature then, grind with mortar, sieve, getting 60~300 purpose powders is carrier, pressing the mol ratio of potassium salt compound and carrier 1:1~100 then forms the carrier incipient impregnation in the aqueous solution of potassium salt compound, after room temperature leaves standstill 6~30 hours, through 80~200 ℃ of dryings, 200~1000 ℃ of roastings 1~12 hour, reduce to room temperature then, make catalyst.
Potassium salt compound 200~1000 ℃ of roastings 1~12 hour, is reduced to room temperature then, form by the mol ratio of above-mentioned potassium salt compound and alcamines solvent 1:1~100 potassium salt compound is dissolved in the alcamines solvent, make catalyst.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1. the preparation method is simple, and is easy to operate.
2. the catalyst raw material cheaply is easy to get, and catalytic activity is good
3. the reaction condition gentleness has very high yield and selectivity.
Therefore, the present invention has good economic benefit and social benefit.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
300 ℃ of following roastings 8 hours, drying was chilled to room temperature, makes catalyst with potash.Under the normal pressure, add isobutanol and catalyst in reactor, catalyst amount is 4% of a gross weight, and dimethyl carbonate is put into constant pressure funnel, oil bath heating magnetic agitation.Be warming up to 100 ℃, timing when reactant liquor begins to reflux, and begin to add DMC, reaction 1h is warming up to 190 ℃ then, reaction 6h.Catalyst separates with reactant liquor, the reactant liquor chromatography, and the productive rate of carbonic acid diisobutyl ester is 83.5%, selectivity is 95.0%.
Embodiment 2
With aluminium oxide 1000 ℃ of roastings 2 hours, be cooled to room temperature then, grind with mortar, sieve, getting 300 purpose powders is carrier, then by potash: the mol ratio of aluminium oxide be 1:30 with the aluminium oxide incipient impregnation in the aqueous solution of potash, after room temperature leaves standstill 6 hours, through 100 ℃ of dryings, 800 ℃ of roastings 8 hours, reduce to room temperature then, make catalyst.Under the normal pressure, add n-octyl alcohol and catalyst in reactor, catalyst amount is 8% of a gross weight, and dimethyl carbonate is put into constant pressure funnel, oil bath heating magnetic agitation.Be warming up to 140 ℃, timing when reactant liquor begins to reflux, and begin to add DMC, reaction 3h is warming up to 200 ℃ then, reaction 4h.Catalyst separates with reactant liquor, the reactant liquor chromatography, and the productive rate of carbonic acid di-n-octyl is 76.0%, selectivity is 91.3%.
Embodiment 3
300 ℃ of following roastings 8 hours, drying was chilled to room temperature with potash, then 5 gram potash was dissolved in the 40 gram diethanol amine, and room temperature magnetic agitation 1~48 hour makes catalyst.Under the normal pressure, add n-butanol and catalyst in reactor, catalyst amount is 5% of a gross weight, and dimethyl carbonate is put into constant pressure funnel, oil bath heating magnetic agitation.Be warming up to 110 ℃, timing when reactant liquor begins to reflux, and begin to add DMC, reaction 5h is warming up to 180 ℃ then, reaction 6h.Catalyst separates with reactant liquor, the reactant liquor chromatography, and the productive rate of n-butyl carbonate is 81%, selectivity is 100%.

Claims (1)

1. the method for an ester exchange synthesizing fatty long-chain carbonic dialkyl ester, it is characterized in that this method is a Preparation of Catalyst aliphatic long-chain dialkyl carbonate with potassium salt compound or the composite catalyst that supports potassium salt compound, potassium salt compound is potassium hydroxide, potassium methoxide or potash, and inhomogeneity Preparation of catalysts method is:
(1) potassium salt compound catalyst
Potassium salt compound 200~1000 ℃ of roastings 1~12 hour, is reduced to room temperature then, make the potassium salt compound catalyst;
(2) composite catalyst of supported carrier sylvite
Carrier components is silica, alchlor, ceruse or molecular sieve, with carrier 200~1000 ℃ of roastings 1~12 hour, be cooled to room temperature then, grind with mortar, sieve, getting 60~300 purpose powders is carrier, pressing the mol ratio of potassium salt compound and carrier 1:1~100 then forms the carrier incipient impregnation in the aqueous solution of potassium salt compound, after room temperature leaves standstill 6~30 hours, through 80~200 ℃ of dryings, 200~1000 ℃ of roastings 1~12 hour, reduce to room temperature then, make the composite catalyst that supports sylvite;
(3) solvent-laden potassium salt compound composite catalyst
Solvent is monoethanolamine, diethanol amine, triethanolamine or an isopropanolamine, with potassium salt compound 200~1000 ℃ of roastings 1~12 hour, reduce to room temperature then, form by the mol ratio of 1:1~100 by potassium salt compound and solvent potassium salt compound is dissolved in the solvent, make catalyst.
CNB2004100408407A 2004-10-15 2004-10-15 Catalyst for long chain dialkyl ester carbonate in synthetic fally group Expired - Lifetime CN100467123C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN100467123C true CN100467123C (en) 2009-03-11

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109675623B (en) * 2017-10-19 2021-05-11 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Preparation and application of monodisperse catalyst for preparing diphenyl carbonate by ester exchange
CN108728249A (en) * 2018-06-15 2018-11-02 成都恒润高新科技股份有限公司 A method of preparing biodiesel using swill
CN110857274B (en) * 2018-08-13 2023-01-24 东营市海科新源化工有限责任公司 Preparation method and device of dioctyl carbonate

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
负载型甲醇钾在甲醇羰化制甲酸甲酯中的催化性能. 陈鸿博等.厦门大学学报(自然科学版),第35卷第2期. 1996
负载型甲醇钾在甲醇羰化制甲酸甲酯中的催化性能. 陈鸿博等.厦门大学学报(自然科学版),第35卷第2期. 1996 *

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Patentee after: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co., Ltd., Chinese Academy of Sciences

Address before: 610041 Chengdu South Road, Sichuan, No. four, No. nine

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Patentee before: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co., Ltd., Chinese Academy of Sciences