CN100466860C - 一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法 - Google Patents

一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN100466860C
CN100466860C CNB2006100935438A CN200610093543A CN100466860C CN 100466860 C CN100466860 C CN 100466860C CN B2006100935438 A CNB2006100935438 A CN B2006100935438A CN 200610093543 A CN200610093543 A CN 200610093543A CN 100466860 C CN100466860 C CN 100466860C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
user
processing unit
service request
summation
max
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CNB2006100935438A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1997226A (zh
Inventor
李晓骏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to CNB2006100935438A priority Critical patent/CN100466860C/zh
Publication of CN1997226A publication Critical patent/CN1997226A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN100466860C publication Critical patent/CN100466860C/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1043—Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1626—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1637—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing
    • G06F1/1639—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing the display being based on projection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/305—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals by remotely controlling device operation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6209—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a single file or object, e.g. in a secure envelope, encrypted and accessed using a key, or with access control rules appended to the object itself
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/71—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information
    • G06F21/74—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information operating in dual or compartmented mode, i.e. at least one secure mode
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/88—Detecting or preventing theft or loss
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10009—Improvement or modification of read or write signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10009—Improvement or modification of read or write signals
    • G11B20/10305—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment
    • G11B20/10398—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment jitter, timing deviations or phase and frequency errors
    • G11B20/10425—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment jitter, timing deviations or phase and frequency errors by counting out-of-lock events of a PLL
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
    • H03L7/091—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal the phase or frequency detector using a sampling device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
    • H04B10/25752—Optical arrangements for wireless networks
    • H04B10/25753—Distribution optical network, e.g. between a base station and a plurality of remote units
    • H04B10/25754—Star network topology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2628—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0077—Multicode, e.g. multiple codes assigned to one user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/16—Code allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0064—Concatenated codes
    • H04L1/0066—Parallel concatenated codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0067—Rate matching
    • H04L1/0068—Rate matching by puncturing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
    • H04L1/1685—Details of the supervisory signal the supervisory signal being transmitted in response to a specific request, e.g. to a polling signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1835—Buffer management
    • H04L1/1841—Resequencing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03012—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
    • H04L25/03019—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception
    • H04L25/03038—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception with a non-recursive structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4902—Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4904—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using self-synchronising codes, e.g. split-phase codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/497—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems by correlative coding, e.g. partial response coding or echo modulation coding transmitters and receivers for partial response systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
    • H04L27/14—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H04L27/156—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits with demodulation using temporal properties of the received signal, e.g. detecting pulse width
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/15—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to multipoint traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/72—Admission control; Resource allocation using reservation actions during connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/74—Admission control; Resource allocation measures in reaction to resource unavailability
    • H04L47/745—Reaction in network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/76—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions
    • H04L47/765—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions triggered by the end-points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/822—Collecting or measuring resource availability data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/824—Applicable to portable or mobile terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/48—Message addressing, e.g. address format or anonymous messages, aliases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/58—Message adaptation for wireless communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
    • H04L61/2503—Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/255—Maintenance or indexing of mapping tables
    • H04L61/2553—Binding renewal aspects, e.g. using keep-alive messages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/12—Applying verification of the received information
    • H04L63/126—Applying verification of the received information the source of the received data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1101—Session protocols
    • H04L65/1104—Session initiation protocol [SIP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications
    • H04L65/4061—Push-to services, e.g. push-to-talk or push-to-video
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/085—Secret sharing or secret splitting, e.g. threshold schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/30—Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy
    • H04L9/304—Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy based on error correction codes, e.g. McEliece
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H04M1/72409—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories
    • H04M1/72415—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories for remote control of appliances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/0024—Services and arrangements where telephone services are combined with data services
    • H04M7/0057—Services where the data services network provides a telephone service in addition or as an alternative, e.g. for backup purposes, to the telephone service provided by the telephone services network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/12—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal
    • H04M7/1205—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal where the types of switching equipement comprises PSTN/ISDN equipment and switching equipment of networks other than PSTN/ISDN, e.g. Internet Protocol networks
    • H04M7/1295—Details of dual tone multiple frequency signalling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/00912—Arrangements for controlling a still picture apparatus or components thereof not otherwise provided for
    • H04N1/00957—Compiling jobs, e.g. for batch processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N1/32101—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N1/32106—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title separate from the image data, e.g. in a different computer file
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/40—Picture signal circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/109—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of temporal predictive coding modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
    • H04N19/137—Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
    • H04N19/139—Analysis of motion vectors, e.g. their magnitude, direction, variance or reliability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/513—Processing of motion vectors
    • H04N19/517—Processing of motion vectors by encoding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/527—Global motion vector estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/625—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using discrete cosine transform [DCT]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
    • H04N19/91—Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/254—Management at additional data server, e.g. shopping server, rights management server
    • H04N21/2543—Billing, e.g. for subscription services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/418—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access
    • H04N21/4181—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access for conditional access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/426—Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4623—Processing of entitlement messages, e.g. ECM [Entitlement Control Message] or EMM [Entitlement Management Message]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H04N21/47211—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting pay-per-view content
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6156—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6175—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6156—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6187—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a telephone network, e.g. POTS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65—Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/658—Transmission by the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/6582—Data stored in the client, e.g. viewing habits, hardware capabilities, credit card number
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/4448—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for frame-grabbing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/46—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for receiving on more than one standard at will
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/64—Constructional details of receivers, e.g. cabinets or dust covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0112—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level one of the standards corresponding to a cinematograph film standard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/162—Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing
    • H04N7/163—Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing by receiver means only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17327—Transmission or handling of upstream communications with deferred transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3129—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] scanning a light beam on the display screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
    • H04N9/642—Multi-standard receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
    • H04N9/7921—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording for more than one processing mode
    • H04N9/7925—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording for more than one processing mode for more than one standard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0016—Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
    • H04Q3/0025—Provisions for signalling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/02—Buffering or recovering information during reselection ; Modification of the traffic flow during hand-off
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H04W4/14—Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/008—Transmission of channel access control information with additional processing of random access related information at receiving side
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/12—Setup of transport tunnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/30—Connection release
    • H04W76/34—Selective release of ongoing connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/08—Trunked mobile radio systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2105—Dual mode as a secondary aspect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2115—Third party
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/22—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor for reducing distortions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0829—Packet loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/04—Real-time or near real-time messaging, e.g. instant messaging [IM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1016—IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/42221—Conversation recording systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/0077—Types of the still picture apparatus
    • H04N2201/0094—Multifunctional device, i.e. a device capable of all of reading, reproducing, copying, facsimile transception, file transception
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3212—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3212—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image
    • H04N2201/3222—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image of processing required or performed, e.g. forwarding, urgent or confidential handling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3274—Storage or retrieval of prestored additional information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/38—Transmitter circuitry for the transmission of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/445—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for displaying additional information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/445—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for displaying additional information
    • H04N5/45—Picture in picture, e.g. displaying simultaneously another television channel in a region of the screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/66—Transforming electric information into light information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/765—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus
    • H04N5/775—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus between a recording apparatus and a television receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/84—Television signal recording using optical recording
    • H04N5/85—Television signal recording using optical recording on discs or drums
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/907—Television signal recording using static stores, e.g. storage tubes or semiconductor memories
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0117—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal
    • H04N7/0122—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal the input and the output signals having different aspect ratios
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
    • H04N9/80—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
    • H04N9/804—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components
    • H04N9/8042—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components involving data reduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26—Resource reservation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • H04W4/10—Push-to-Talk [PTT] or Push-On-Call services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/18—Management of setup rejection or failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/30—Connection release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/40—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast
    • H04W76/45—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast for Push-to-Talk [PTT] or Push-to-Talk over cellular [PoC] services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/22—Processing or transfer of terminal data, e.g. status or physical capabilities
    • H04W8/24—Transfer of terminal data
    • H04W8/245—Transfer of terminal data from a network towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/26—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S370/00—Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901—Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902—Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903—Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/906—Fiber data distribution interface, FDDI
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S370/00—Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901—Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902—Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903—Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/907—Synchronous optical network, SONET

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Discrete Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioethics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法，其步骤为：计算各用户面处理单元SLmt、SMax、SAct、UMax；选取满足条件SMax+UMax＞SLmt≥SAct+UMax的处理单元中裕度最大、或实际等效用户数总和最小的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例，结束；否则，选取满足条件SLmt≥SAct+UAct的处理单元中SAct最小的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例，结束。采用本发明，不仅最大限度的防止了实际业务速率提速后的过载导致提速失败，也增加了用户面处理单元的容量，节约了硬件资源。

Description

一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种移动通信技术，尤其涉及一种移动通信中主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法。
背景技术
在UTRAN(Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network，无线接入网)的架构中，无线网络层被分为控制面和用户面两部分，其中控制面负责实现Uu(UE-UTRAN，空中接口)口的信令处理和无线资源管理等功能；而用户面则是控制面Uu口信令和其它非接入层信令的承载，是业务流经无线接入网的承载。由于用户面的数据处理的强度远高于控制面的信令处理强度，用户面所需要的硬件资源(如内存、CPU等)一般为控制面的几十倍甚至几百倍，因此在UTRAN的系统实现中，一块承载控制面的处理板会对应十几或几十块用户面处理板，而一块用户面处理板上一般也采用多个处理单元(如CPU)并存的物理构架，这样，用户面处理板从属于控制面处理板，构成了典型的主从结构。
在主从结构的通信系统中都存在一个分配策略的问题。对于UTRAN的无线网络层，当有用户需要接入或者建立新业务时，控制面处理板会选择其对应的一块用户面处理板上的一个处理单元来承载该用户或业务的信令及数据传送。选择的原则是尽可能平均的分配用户面承载实例，根据各个用户面处理板上处理单元的负载情况将新用户或业务实例分配到负载最低的处理单元，避免出现某些用户面处理板或处理单元负载较高而同时另一些用户面处理板或处理单元负载较低的不均衡情况，在保证所有处理单元不发生过载的前提下最大限度地接入用户或业务。
第三代无线通信系统提供了丰富的业务，包含各种速率的话音和数据业务。在实际应用中，各种业务的速率可根据网络况或用户需求进行自动调节，以充分利用资源或缓解拥塞，从而体现了Qos(Quality of Service，服务质量)的应用。
对应到无线网络层的用户面，对于同一个业务，在带宽较大、速率较高时占用的处理单元的内存或CPU等物理资源就较多；而在带宽较小、速率较低时占用的处理单元的物理资源就较少。上述情况给控制面在分配用户面实例的策略上提出了新的要求，如果都按照业务的最大带宽及速率进行负载计算并分配用户面实例，则必然造成一定的资源浪费；如果都按照当前的带宽及速率进行负载计算并分配用户面实例，则当某些业务需要提升速率时，就可能造成处理单元过载或提升速率失败的情况。
在现有技术中存在两种分配用户面实例的方法。其一为：当有新用户接入或新业务建立时，各个用户面的处理单元向对应的控制面处理板上报其已建立的信令连接或业务对应的负载总和。负载可用等效用户的概念计算，即以当前的信令连接或业务请求的最大带宽速率或实际带宽速率与作为基数的基本业务的带宽速率做比较，再乘以一个修正系数得到基本业务的折合倍数，该折合倍数就是当前信令连接或业务请求的最大等效用户数或实际等效用户数。此处的修正系数可通过实际的负载测试获得。当以最大带宽速率与作为基数的基本业务做比较时，得到的是最大等效用户数；当以实际带宽速率与作为基数的基本业务做比较时，得到的是实际等效用户数。如将当前的信令连接或业务请求的最大带宽速率与作为基数的12.2kbps的AMR(AnisotropicMagneto Resistive，自适应多速率)语音速率做比较，并折算成该基本业务的倍数，所得倍数就是用户面处理单元当前信令连接或业务请求的最大等效用户数。本分配方法中，控制面处理板选择最大等效用户数总和最小的用户面处理单元建立新的信令连接或业务请求，如果该用户面处理单元的等效用户数总和已经接近或等于其可承受的最大等效用户数，则拒绝该新建信令连接或业务请求。
上述分配方法在计算各个处理单元的负载时使用的是用户信令连接或业务请求的最大带宽速率，因此可以防止业务提速后造成用户面处理单元的过载。但由于小区资源或用户状态等因素，大多数业务，特别是对时延性要求较低的BE(Best Effort，最好效果的)业务，很少会一直处于最大速率状态，其实际速率往往只有最大速率的一半甚至更低，因此按照最大带宽速率计算负载会产生较多的浪费。某些处理单元计算出的等效用户数总和虽然已经接近其门限值，导致无法再分配新的用户面实例，但实际上由于其上承建的多为BE业务，实际速率较低，因此所用的资源远没有达到过载的门限。
另一种分配用户面实例的方法为，当有新用户接入或新业务建立时，控制面通过对各个用户面处理单元的实时性能，例如CPU使用率、内存使用率的监测判断出哪个处理单元当前的负载最小，再将新建用户面实例分配到该处理单元。该方法虽然能够反映出各个用户面处理单元当前实际的负载情况，却没有考虑到业务可能存在提高带宽速率的情况。如果某些处理单元中的BE业务较多而当前又大多处于较低速率，则该处理单元的实时性能指标就相对较低，控制面就容易将新业务建立在该处理单元上；而一旦上述的这些业务进行提速，其CPU使用率、内存使用率就会同时升高，这将导致处理单元的过载，从而使业务提速失败。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的缺点，提供一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法，根据用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和及最大等效用户数总和来选取合适的用户面处理单元，不仅最大限度的防止了实际业务速率提速后的用户面处理单元过载导致的业务提速失败，同时也增加了用户面处理单元的容量，节约了硬件资源。
本发明所述的主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一，计算各用户面处理单元的最大可接入等效用户总数SLmt、当前已接入的所有信令连接或业务请求对应的最大等效用户数总和SMax、当前已接入的所有信令连接或业务请求对应的实际等效用户数总和SAct，以及当前新建信令连接或业务请求最大带宽速率对应的最大等效用户数UMax；
步骤二，比较各用户面处理单元的SLmt是否满足条件SMax+UMax>SLmt≥SAct+UMax，若满足，则从满足条件SLmt≥SAct+UAct的各处理单元中选取裕度最大、或实际等效用户数总和SAct最小的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例，结束；否则，若各用户面处理单元的SLmt满足条件SAct+UMax>SLmt，则计算当前新建信令连接或业务请求的实际带宽速率对应的等效用户数UAct，并执行步骤三；
步骤三，比较各用户面处理单元的SLmt是否满足条件SLmt≥SAct+UAct，若满足，则从满足条件SLmt≥SAct+UAct的各处理单元中选取SAct最小的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例，结束；否则，拒绝新建信令连接或业务请求的接入。
上述步骤二中，用户面处理单元的裕度B为：
B＝(SLmt-SAct-UMax)/(SMax+UMax-SLmt)。
上述步骤二中，若存在多个裕度最大且裕度相等的处理单元，或存在多个实际等效用户数总和SAct最小且实际等效用户数总和SAct相等的处理单元，则从中任意选取一个处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
上述步骤二进一步包括，若各用户面处理单元的SLmt满足条件SLmt>SMax+UMax，则从满足条件SLmt>SMax+UMax的各用户面处理单元中选取最大等效用户数总和SMax最小的用户面处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
本发明中，既考虑到新建信令连接或业务请求的最大资源占用情况，即新建信令连接或业务请求对应的最大等效用户数，也充分利用了新建信令连接或业务请求的实际带宽速率和最大带宽速率的差值裕度。在用户面处理单元资源充裕的情况下，将新建信令连接或业务请求分配到最大等效用户数总和最小的用户面处理单元，而在所有处理单元的实际等效用户数总和接近或达到最大等效用户数总和时，则选取裕度最大的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。从而更加有效的利用了用户面处理单元的物理资源，提高了系统的容量。
附图说明
图1为本发明的主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法流程示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明根据用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和及最大等效用户数总和来选取合适的用户面处理单元，有效防止了实际业务速率提速后过载导致的业务提速失败，同时也增加了用户面处理单元的容量，节约了硬件资源。
下面结合附图对本发明的主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法做进一步说明。
如图1所示，本发明的主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤101，计算各用户面处理单元对应的SLmt、SMax、SAct，以及当前新建信令连接或业务请求对应的UMax。
其中，SLmt为用户面处理单元的最大可接入等效用户总数；
SMax为用户面处理单元当前已接入的所有信令连接或业务请求对应的最大等效用户数总和；
SAct为用户面处理单元当前已接入的所有信令连接或业务请求对应的实际等效用户数总和；
UMax为当前新建信令连接或业务请求的最大带宽速率对应的最大等效用户数。
上述等效用户数是以当前的信令连接或业务请求的最大带宽速率或实际带宽速率与作为基数的基本业务的带宽速率做比较，再乘以一个修正系数得到基本业务的折合倍数，该折合倍数就是当前信令连接或业务请求的最大等效用户数或实际等效用户数。此处的修正系数可通过实际的负载测试获得。当以最大带宽速率与作为基数的基本业务做比较时，得到的是最大等效用户数；当以实际带宽速率与作为基数的基本业务做比较时，得到的是实际等效用户数。
步骤102，比较各用户面处理单元的SLmt是否满足条件SMax+UMax>SLmt≥SAct+UMax，若满足，则选取各处理单元中裕度最大、或实际等效用户数总和最小的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例，结束；否则，若各用户面处理单元的SLmt满足条件SAct+UMax>SLmt，则计算当前新建信令连接或业务请求对应的UAct，并执行步骤103。
本步骤中的UAct为当前新建信令连接或业务请求的实际带宽速率对应的等效用户数。此处计算等效用户数的方法与步骤101中计算等效用户数的方法相同，不再赘叙。
本步骤中，若存在满足条件SMax+Umax>SLmt≥SAct+UMax的多个处理单元，则从各处理单元中选取裕度最大的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例，至此，就完成了本发明所述的在对应的用户面处理单元上新建信令连接或业务请求的过程。此处用户面处理单元的裕度B用公式可以表示为：
B＝(SLmt-SAct-UMax)/(SMax+UMax-SLmt)。
在选取满足条件SMax+UMax>SLmt≥SAct+UMax的多个处理单元并计算了各自的裕度后，可能存在多个裕度最大且裕度相等的处理单元，那么，可以从中任意选取一个处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
本步骤中，还存在另一种选取用户面处理单元方法。当存在满足条件SMax+UMax>SLmt≥SAct+UMax的处理单元时，可以从这些处理单元中选取实际等效用户数总和最小的处理单元，在选取的处理单元上建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。若存在多个实际等效用户数总和最小且实际等效用户数总和相等的处理单元，则从中任意选取一个处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
本步骤中，若各处理单元均不满足条件SMax+UMax>SLmt≥SAct+UMax，但满足条件SAct+UMax>SLmt，则计算当前新建信令连接或业务请求对应的UAct，并执行下一步骤103。
步骤103，比较各用户面处理单元的SLmt是否满足条件SLmt≥SAct+UAct，若满足，则选取各处理单元中SAct最小的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例，结束；否则，拒绝新建信令连接或业务请求的接入。
本步骤中，若满足条件SLmt≥SAct+UAct的用户面处理单元为多个，则从中选取中SAct最小的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。若同时存在多个SAct最小且SAct相等的用户面处理单元，可以从中任意选取一个处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
本步骤中，若比较各用户面处理单元的SLmt均不满足条件SLmt≥SAct+UAct，即SLmt<SAct+UAct时，拒绝新建信令连接或业务请求的接入。
上述步骤102中，选取的是满足条件SMax+Umax>SLmt≥SAct+UMax的用户面处理单元，并在各处理单元中选取裕度最大的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。如各用户面处理单元的SLmt满足条件SLmt>SMax+UMax时，则选取SMax最小的用户面处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。若同时存在多个SMax最小且SMax相等的用户面处理单元，可以从中任意选取一个处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
本发明中，既考虑到新建信令连接或业务请求的最大资源占用情况，即新建信令连接或业务请求对应的最大等效用户数，也充分利用了新建信令连接或业务请求的实际带宽速率和最大带宽速率的差值裕度。在用户面处理单元资源充裕的情况下，将新建信令连接或业务请求分配到最大等效用户数总和最小的用户面处理单元，而在所有处理单元的实际等效用户数总和接近或达到最大等效用户数总和时，则选取裕度最大的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。从而更加有效的利用了用户面处理单元的物理资源，提高了系统的容量。
本发明所述的主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法中，选择对应的用户面处理单元是以其当前的各种等效用户数作为参考比较的。用户面处理单元上建立了新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例后，对应的用户面处理单元当前的实际等效用户数总和、最大等效用户数总和会发生变化，而这些信令连接或业务请求不再发生时，也将导致用户面处理单元当前的实际等效用户数总和、最大等效用户数总和发生变化。因此，需要在用户面处理单元建立或释放信令连接或业务请求后，对用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和、最大等效用户数总和进行更新。
当新建立信令连接或业务请求后，用户面处理单元的最大等效用户数总和等于未发生新建立信令连接或业务请求前的最大等效用户数总和与当前新建立的信令连接或业务请求所对应的最大等效用户数之和。用公式可以表示为：S`Max＝SMax+UMaxLink。其中，S`Max为新建立信令连接或业务请求后对应的用户面处理单元的最大等效用户数总和，SMax为新建立信令连接或业务请求前对应的用户面处理单元的最大等效用户数总和，UMaxLink为当前新建立的信令连接或业务请求所对应的最大等效用户数。
当新建立信令连接或业务请求后，用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和等于未发生新建立信令连接或业务请求前的实际等效用户数总和与当前新建立的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数之和。用公式可以表示为：S、Act＝SAct+UActLink。其中，S`Act为新建立信令连接或业务请求后对应的用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和，SMax为新建立信令连接或业务请求前对应的用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和，UActLink为当前新建立的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数。
当信令连接或业务请求释放后，用户面处理单元的最大等效用户数总和等于未发生释放信令连接或业务请求前的最大等效用户数总和与当前新释放的信令连接或业务请求所对应的最大等效用户数之差。用公式可以表示为：S`Max＝SMax-UMaxLink。其中，S`Max为释放信令连接或业务请求后对应的用户面处理单元的最大等效用户数总和，SMax为释放信令连接或业务请求前对应的用户面处理单元的最大等效用户数总和，UMaxLink为当前释放的信令连接或业务请求所对应的最大等效用户数。
当信令连接或业务请求释放后，用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和等于未发生释放信令连接或业务请求前的实际等效用户数总和与当前新释放的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数之差。用公式可以表示为：S`Act＝SAct-UActLink。其中，S`Act为释放信令连接或业务请求后对应的用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和，SAct为释放信令连接或业务请求前对应的用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和，UActLink为当前释放的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数。
当用户面处理单元进行信令连接或业务请求的重新配置时，其最大等效用户数总和不变，实际等效用户数总和为未重新配置前实际等效用户数总和与重新配置的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数之和，减去重新配置前的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数之差。用公式可以表示为：S`Act＝SAct-UActLink_old+UActLink_new。其中，S`Act为重新配置后实际等效用户数总和，SAct为重新配置前实际等效用户数总和，UActLink_old为重新配置前的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数，UActLink_new为重新配置的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数。上述重新配置的业务请求包括RABModify(无线接入载荷修改)、RB(无线通信局)重配、传输信道重配、传输格式集控制以及CS域(电路域)支持模式业务调速等改变了业务实际速率的流程。
在上述处理单元进行信令连接或业务请求的重新配置过程中，若出现了增加实际等效用户数的情况，即重新配置的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数大于重新配置前的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数，则需要判断处理单元重新配置的实际等效用户数总和是否小于或等于其对应的最大可接入等效用户总数，如小于，则处理单元接收信令连接或业务请求的重新配置；否则，拒绝该信令连接或业务请求的重新配置。
本发明使用最大等效用户数总和及实际等效用户数总和来衡量用户面处理单元的负载情况，既能按最大带宽速率将新建信令连接或业务请求均衡分布，也可以在所有处理单元的最大负载接近或超过过载门限时利用实际负载和最大负载之间的裕度接入更多的用户面实例，最大限度的防止了实际业务速率提速后的过载导致提速失败，也增加了用户面系统的容量，节约了硬件资源。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。

Claims (10)

1.一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，步骤包括：
步骤一，计算各用户面处理单元的最大可接入等效用户总数SLmt、当前已接入的所有信令连接或业务请求对应的最大等效用户数总和SMax、当前已接入的所有信令连接或业务请求对应的实际等效用户数总和SAct，以及当前新建信令连接或业务请求最大带宽速率对应的最大等效用户数UMax；
步骤二，比较各用户面处理单元的SLmt是否满足条件SMax+UMax>SLmt≥SAct+UMax，若满足，则从满足条件SMax+UMax>SLmt≥SAct+UMax的各处理单元中选取裕度最大、或实际等效用户数总和SAct最小的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例，结束；否则，若各用户面处理单元的SLmt满足条件SAct+UMax>SLmt，则计算当前新建信令连接或业务请求的实际带宽速率对应的等效用户数UAct，并执行步骤三；
步骤三，比较各用户面处理单元的SLmt是否满足条件SLmt≥SAct+UAct，若满足，则从满足条件SLmt≥SAct+UAct的各处理单元中选取SAct最小的处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例，结束；否则，拒绝新建信令连接或业务请求的接入。
2.如权利要求1所述的优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二中，用户面处理单元的裕度B为：
B＝(SLmt-SAct-UMax)/(SMax+UMax-SLmt)。
3.如权利要求1所述的优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二中，若存在多个裕度最大且裕度相等的处理单元，或存在多个实际等效用户数总和SAct最小且实际等效用户数总和SAct相等的处理单元，则从中任意选取一个处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
4.如权利要求1所述的优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二进一步包括，若各用户面处理单元的SLmt满足条件SLmt>SMax+UMax，则从满足条件SLmt>SMax+UMax的各用户面处理单元中选取最大等效用户数总和SMax最小的用户面处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
5.如权利要求4所述的优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，若同时存在多个最大等效用户数总和SMax最小且最大等效用户数总和SMax相等的用户面处理单元，则从中任意选取一个处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
6.如权利要求1所述的优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤三中，若存在多个实际等效用户数总和SAct最小且实际等效用户数总和SAct相等的处理单元，则从中任意选取一个处理单元建立新建信令连接或业务请求的用户面实例。
7.如权利要求1所述的优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一中，当新建立信令连接或业务请求后，用户面处理单元的最大等效用户数总和等于未发生新建立信令连接或业务请求前的最大等效用户数总和与当前新建立的信令连接或业务请求所对应的最大等效用户数之和；用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和等于未发生新建立信令连接或业务请求前的实际等效用户数总和与当前新建立的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数之和。
8.如权利要求1所述的优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一中，当信令连接或业务请求释放后，用户面处理单元的最大等效用户数总和等于未发生释放信令连接或业务请求前的最大等效用户数总和与当前新释放的信令连接或业务请求所对应的最大等效用户数之差；用户面处理单元的实际等效用户数总和等于未发生释放信令连接或业务请求前的实际等效用户数总和与当前新释放的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数之差。
9.如权利要求1所述的优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一中，当用户面处理单元进行信令连接或业务请求的重新配置时，其最大等效用户数总和不变；实际等效用户数总和为未重新配置前实际等效用户数总和与重新配置的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数之和，减去重新配置前的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数之差。
10.如权利要求9所述的优化分配用户面实例的方法，其特征在于，若重新配置的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数大于重新配置前的信令连接或业务请求所对应的实际等效用户数，则判断处理单元重新配置的实际等效用户数总和是否小于或等于其对应的最大可接入等效用户总数，如小于，则处理单元接收信令连接或业务请求的重新配置；否则，拒绝该信令连接或业务请求的重新配置。
CNB2006100935438A 2006-06-26 2006-06-26 一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法 Active CN100466860C (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB2006100935438A CN100466860C (zh) 2006-06-26 2006-06-26 一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB2006100935438A CN100466860C (zh) 2006-06-26 2006-06-26 一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1997226A CN1997226A (zh) 2007-07-11
CN100466860C true CN100466860C (zh) 2009-03-04

Family

ID=38252117

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB2006100935438A Active CN100466860C (zh) 2006-06-26 2006-06-26 一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN100466860C (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101902295B (zh) * 2009-05-26 2013-08-21 国际商业机器公司 控制应用服务器的负载接收速率的方法及装置
CN101662799B (zh) * 2009-08-28 2012-06-13 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种接纳控制的实现方法及装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996021983A1 (en) * 1995-01-10 1996-07-18 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Packet radio system and methods for a protocol-independent routing of a data packet in packet radio networks
WO1999017497A2 (en) * 1997-09-26 1999-04-08 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Gprs-subscriber selection of multiple internet service providers
CN1412992A (zh) * 2001-10-15 2003-04-23 华为技术有限公司 一种简化的3g核心网网络设备控制面结构的实现方法
CN1622675A (zh) * 2003-11-28 2005-06-01 中兴通讯股份有限公司 第三代移动通信用户接纳控制系统及处理方法
CN1753510A (zh) * 2004-09-23 2006-03-29 华为技术有限公司 无线网络构架及应用无线网络构架实现数据传输的方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996021983A1 (en) * 1995-01-10 1996-07-18 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Packet radio system and methods for a protocol-independent routing of a data packet in packet radio networks
WO1999017497A2 (en) * 1997-09-26 1999-04-08 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Gprs-subscriber selection of multiple internet service providers
CN1412992A (zh) * 2001-10-15 2003-04-23 华为技术有限公司 一种简化的3g核心网网络设备控制面结构的实现方法
CN1622675A (zh) * 2003-11-28 2005-06-01 中兴通讯股份有限公司 第三代移动通信用户接纳控制系统及处理方法
CN1753510A (zh) * 2004-09-23 2006-03-29 华为技术有限公司 无线网络构架及应用无线网络构架实现数据传输的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1997226A (zh) 2007-07-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110996393B (zh) 一种单边缘计算服务器与多用户协同的计算卸载与资源分配方法
CN103402245B (zh) 一种非连续接收drx周期的配置方法、设备及系统
CN100450201C (zh) 分布式自适应动态信道分配方法
CN102130837B (zh) 一种业务license动态调控方法及其系统
CN101772102A (zh) 一种异构无线网络选择方法
CN102647760B (zh) 一种基于多业务网络的业务资源高效管理方法
CN107920031A (zh) 接入带宽自适应调整方法和装置
CN106358202A (zh) 一种改进的c‑ran网络架构及资源调度方法
CN102137498B (zh) 一种中继系统中的资源分配方法及装置
CN108024357A (zh) 多载波聚合的辅载波管理方法及基站
CN106095529A (zh) 一种c‑ran架构下的载波迁移方法
CN103686826A (zh) 一种载波聚合系统中的接纳控制方法
CN103458452A (zh) 无线资源的调整方法及装置
CN102843722B (zh) 同覆盖小区负荷信息的同步方法、接入方法及装置
CN100466860C (zh) 一种主从结构下优化分配用户面实例的方法
CN101489229B (zh) 多标准无线通信网络中动态地分配传输资源的方法和装置
CN103533628A (zh) 一种下行功率分配方法
CN101330467B (zh) 微波传输的传输资源分配方法、系统和微波主站
CN100426798C (zh) 一种带宽管理装置及方法
CN113032146A (zh) 一种面向多接入边缘计算环境的健壮性服务供应方法
CN100450031C (zh) 一种级联基站传输带宽共享配置方法
CN102202419A (zh) 多种无线接入技术服务一个用户设备的数据分配方法及装置
CN102186252B (zh) 一种码资源分配方法及其装置
CN107846702A (zh) 增强物理下行控制信道的资源配置方法
CN107317766B (zh) 一种多wan口网络设备的智能负载方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant