CN100466623C - 一种基于ospf的路由信息更新方法和网络设备 - Google Patents

一种基于ospf的路由信息更新方法和网络设备 Download PDF

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CN100466623C
CN100466623C CNB2006100992727A CN200610099272A CN100466623C CN 100466623 C CN100466623 C CN 100466623C CN B2006100992727 A CNB2006100992727 A CN B2006100992727A CN 200610099272 A CN200610099272 A CN 200610099272A CN 100466623 C CN100466623 C CN 100466623C
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CN1889520A (zh
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张江平
傅超
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种基于OSPF的路由信息更新方法和网络设备，本发明通过在IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，仅对前缀链路状态通告LSA进行增量计算，避免了全部重新计算OSPFv3区域内的网络拓扑、IPv6前缀路由信息的过程，避免了因全部重新计算OSPFv3区域内的路由而过多的占用CPU资源的现象，缩短了OSPFv3区域内路由计算的时间，避免了路由信息的振荡现象；从而实现了节约CPU资源，提高路由计算的收敛速度，提高路由稳定性的目的。

Description

一种基于OSPF的路由信息更新方法和网络设备
技术领域
本发明涉及OSPF(Open Shortest Path First，开放路径最短优先)路由选择技术领域，具体涉及一种基于OSPF的路由信息更新方法和网络设备。
背景技术
OSPFv3(Open Shortest Path First Version 3，开放路径最短优先版本3)是一种基于IPv6的路由协议。OSPFv3通过LSA(Link State Announcement，链路状态通告)广播链路状态信息，并根据SPF(Shortest Path First，最短路径优先算法)计算出网络节点到达目的地的路由，该路由信息下载到IP转发层，指导报文转发。
OSPFv3计算区域内的路由方法包括如下两个步骤：
第一步、计算区域内的网络拓扑，即计算出到传输网络(Transit Network)和传输路由器(Transit Router)的路由。
第二步、计算依附在传输网络或传输路由器上的IPv6前缀路由信息，该路由信息可以从传输网络或传输路由器上继承而得到。
下面结合附图1对OSPFv3计算区域内路由的方法进行描述。
图1的网络拓扑中配置了IPv6前缀地址P1、P2...P12，这些IPv6前缀地址分别依附在路由器RTA、RTB、RTC、RTD、RTE上，每个路由器都将产生一个区域内前缀LSA，一个前缀LSA包含一个路由器上所有的IPv6前缀地址。
对于路由器RTA，OSPFv3计算区域内路由的过程为：
第一步、路由器RTA的OSPFv3根据SPF计算出RTA到其他路由器的最短路径树，如附图2所示，获得RTA到其他路由器的路由，即RTA到其他路由器的距离、出接口和下一跳信息。
第二步、根据区域内前缀LSA获取依附在各路由器上的前缀地址，并参考各IPv6前缀地址所依附的路由器的路由信息，确定RTA的IPv6前缀地址路由信息，如附图3所示。IPv6前缀路由信息中的出接口和下一跳信息与RTA到其他路由器的路由中的出接口、下一跳信息是一样的。
当区域内其他路由器的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，RTA需要重新根据SPF???计算区域内的网络拓扑，如重新计算出如图2中的最短路径树的逻辑拓扑，然后计算IPv6前缀路由信息。
对于IPv6网络中，IPv6地址的配置、删除操作通常比较频繁，这样会导致OSPFv3区域内的路由器IPv6前缀地址频繁变化，从而使区域内的路由器需要频繁的计算最短路径树的逻辑拓扑和IPv6前缀路由信息，不但占用了系统中大量的CPU资源，还会使路由信息发生振荡，使路由计算的收敛速度慢。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种基于OSPF的路由信息更新方法和网络设备，网络节点通过仅在相应区域内进行增量计算，以实现节约CPU资源，提高路由计算的收敛速度，提高路由稳定性的目的。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供的一种基于OSPF的路由信息更新方法，包括：
网络节点在确定其他网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，仅在相应区域内进行区域前缀链路状态宣告LSA增量计算，并根据所述增量计算结果更新路由信息；
所述网络节点包括：支持开放最短路径优先版本3OSPFv3的网络节点。
下述方法的技术方案为可选技术方案。
所述前缀地址发生变化包括：添加IPv6前缀地址、删除IPv6前缀地址、更新IPv6地址前缀。
所述更新路由信息包括：
增加路由信息、修改路由信息、删除路由信息。
设定网络节点A的IPv6前缀地址发生变化，网络节点B的路由信息更新方法具体包括：
网络节点A更新区域内前缀LSA，并泛洪出去；
网络节点B接收到该区域前缀LSA、且确定网络节点A的IPv6前缀地址发生变化后，仅进行相应区域内的前缀LSA的增量计算，并根据增量计算结果更新路由信息。
网络节点B确定网络节点A的Ipv6前缀地址发生变化的方法包括：
网络节点B将其新接收到的区域前缀LSA与其之前接收到的区域前缀LSA进行比较，并根据比较结果确定网络节点A的Ipv6前缀地址发生变化。
本发明还提供一种网络设备，该网络设备包括：
判断模块：用于在确定其他网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，通知路???由信息更新模块；
路由信息更新模块：根据通知仅进行相应区域内的增量计算，并根据所述增量计算结果更新其所在网络设备中的路由信息；
所述网络设备为支持OSPFv3的网络设备。
下述网络设备的技术方案为可选技术方案。
判断模块根据网络设备接收到其他网络节点泛洪的区域前缀LSA确定所述其他网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化后，通知路由信息更新模块；
路由信息更新模块根据通知仅进行相应区域内的前缀LSA的增量计算，并根据增量计算结果增加/修改/删除其所在网络设备的路由信息。
判断模块将网络设备新接收到的区域前缀LSA与网络设备之前接收到的区域前缀LSA进行比较，并根据比较结果确定网络节点A的Ipv6前缀地址发生变化。
通过上述技术方案的描述可知，本发明中的网络节点在其他网络节点的前缀地址发生变化时，只进行相应区域内的增量计算，避免了网络节点全部重新计算OSPFv3区域内的网络拓扑、IPv6前缀路由信息的过程，完全解决了因全部重新计算OSPFv3区域内的路由而过多的占用CPU资源的问题，缩短了OSPFv3区域内路由计算的时间，避免了路由信息的振荡现象；从而通过本发明提供的技术方案实现了节约CPU资源，提高路由计算的收敛速度，提高路由稳定性的目的。
附图说明
图1配置IPv6前缀地址的网络拓扑图；
图2是RTA的最短路径树的逻辑拓扑图；
图3是IPv6前缀地址的路由示意图；
图4是本发明的OSPFv3区域内路由方法流程图。
具体实施方式
由于OSPFv3协议通过修改Router-LSAs(路由器链路状态宣告)定义、增加Intra-Area-Prefix-LSAs(区域内前缀LSA)实现了网络拓扑和IPv6前缀地址的分离表示，使OSPFv3区域内计算路由信息中的计算最短路由树的逻辑拓扑过程与计算IPv6前缀路由的过程相分离，这样，当网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，其他网络节点就没有必要全部重新计算OSPFv3区域内的最短路径树的逻辑拓扑、IPv6前缀路由信息了。
因此，本发明的核心是：当网络节点确定其他网络节点的前缀地址发生变化时，仅对相应区域内的前缀链路状态通告进行增量计算，并根据所述增量计算结果更新路由信息。
下面基于本发明的核心思想对本发明提供的技术方案做进一步的描述。
本发明中的网络节点为支持OSPFv3的网络节点，如支持OSPFv3的路由设备等。本发明中的前缀地址变化可以为添加IPv6前缀地址，也可以为删除IPv6前缀地址，还可以为更新IPv6地址前缀。
在实际的IPv6网络拓扑内，可以随时、方便的添加、删除网络节点的IPv6前缀地址，使网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化，从而造成OSPFv3区域内前缀LSA发生变化，本发明根据OSPFv3区域内计算、确定路由信息方法中的计算SPF树和计算IPv6前缀路由相分离的特点，在OSPFv3区域内前缀LSA发生变化，不需要重新进行全部的计算最短路径树的逻辑拓扑和计算IPv6前缀路由的过程，只对相应的区域内的前缀LSA进行增量计算，根据增量计算的结果更新OSPFv3区域内的路由信息即可，从而避免了全部重新计算区域内的网络拓扑、IPv6前缀路由信息的过程，避免了因全部重新计算路由而过多的占用CPU资源的现象，缩短了OSPFv3区域内路由计算的时间，避免了路由信息的振荡现象。
下面结合附图1对本发明的路由信息更新过程进行说明。
图1中，RTA的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，如RTA的IPv6前缀地址发生了修改/删除/增加变化，RTA更新区域内前缀LSA，并泛洪出去。其他路由器如RTB接收到该区域前缀LSA、并向本地的数据库中安装前缀LSA时，首先，查找以前接收到的区域前缀LSA，并将以前接收到的区域前缀LSA和新接收到的区域前缀LSA进行比较，根据比较结果确定出现了IPv6前缀地址的修改/删除/增加变化，则进行相应区域内的前缀LSA的增量计算，增量计算即针对该新接收到的区域前缀LSA进行计算。RTB根据增量计算结果相应的增加/更改/删除相关路由信息，然后，RTB安装其新接收到的前缀LSA，新安装的前缀LSA会替换以前的区域前缀LSA。
下面举个具体的例子对根据比较结果确定出现了IPv6前缀地址的修改/删除/增加变化进行说明。
设定RTB以前接收到的区域前缀LSA在路由表中有到Prefix A、B、C的路由，如下面的左表所示，RTB新接收到的区域前缀LSA中包括Prefix A、B、D，如下面的右表所示。
Figure C200610099272D00091
通过比较上述左右两表可以知道，Prefix A没有变化，不需要进行路由计算；Prefix B有变化，需要修改路由表中到Prefix B的路由信息；Prefix D是新增加的，需要向路由表中添加到Prefix D的路由信息；新的区域前缀LSA中已经不存在Prefix C了，需要删除路由表中到Prefix C的路由信息。上述比较过程可以通过遍历来实现。
本发明的OSPFv3区域内的路由信息更新方法的流程图如附图4所示。
图4中，在步骤400，当网络节点如路由器1的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，该路由器1发送区域内前缀LSA，开始本发明的OSPFv3区域内的路由信息更新方法。
到步骤410，其他网络节点如路由器2接收区域内前缀LSA。
到步骤420，路由器2不调度OSPFv3区域内全部重新计算最短路径树和IPv6前缀路由的过程，只进行前缀LSA的增量计算。
到步骤430，根据增量计算结果更新OSPFv3区域内的路由信息。
到步骤440，本发明的方法结束。
本发明提供的网络设备中设置有判断模块和路由信息更新模块。
判断模块主要用于判断其他网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化，并在判断出其他网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，通知路由信息更新模块。
路由信息更新模块在接收到判断模块的通知后，得知其他网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生了变化，路由信息更新模块仅针对相应区域内的前缀链路状态通告LSA进行增量计算，并根据上述增量计算结果更新其所在网络设备中的路由信息。这里的网络设备为支持OSPFv3的网络设备，如路由器等。
当网络中的一个网络设备的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，该网络设备会更新区域内前缀LSA，并泛洪出去。网络中的其他网络设备在接收到区域内前缀LSA后，判断模块会根据其所在网络设备新接收到的区域前缀LSA和网络设备之前接收到的区域前缀LSA的比较结果来判断其他网络设备是否出现了IPv6前缀地址的修改/删除/增加变化。网络设备内部设置的路由信息更新模块仅对相应区域内的前缀链路状态通告LSA进行增量计算，并根据增量计算结果更新网络设备中的路由信息。在更新路由信息后，网络设备安装其新接收到的前缀LSA，新安装的前缀LSA会替换以前的区域前缀LSA。具体如上述方法中的描述。
虽然通过实施例描绘了本发明，本领域普通技术人员知道，本发明有许多变形和变化而不脱离本发明的精神，如本发明不仅仅适用于OSPFv3中，本发明还适用于基于网络拓扑和IPv6前缀地址分离表示的OSPF的其他版本，本发明的申请文件的权利要求包括这些变形和变化。

Claims (8)

1、一种基于OSPF的路由信息更新方法，其特征在于，包括步骤:
网络节点在确定其他网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，仅在相应区域内进行区域前缀链路状态宣告LSA增量计算，并根据所述增量计算结果更新路由信息；
所述网络节点包括:支持开放最短路径优先版本3OSPFv3的网络节点。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述前缀地址发生变化包括:添加IPv6前缀地址、删除IPv6前缀地址、更新IPv6地址前缀。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述更新路由信息包括:增加路由信息、修改路由信息、删除路由信息。
4、如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，设定网络节点A的IPv6前缀地址发生变化，网络节点B的路由信息更新方法具体包括:
网络节点A更新区域内前缀LSA，并泛洪出去；
网络节点B接收到该区域前缀LSA、且确定网络节点A的IPv6前缀地址发生变化后，仅进行相应区域内的前缀LSA的增量计算，并根据增量计算结果更新路由信息。
5、如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，网络节点B确定网络节点A的Ipv6前缀地址发生变化的方法包括:
网络节点B将其新接收到的区域前缀LSA与其之前接收到的区域前缀LSA进行比较，并根据比较结果确定网络节点A的Ipv6前缀地址发生变化。
6、一种网络设备，其特征在于，该网络设备包括:
判断模块:用于在确定其他网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化时，通知路由信息更新模块；
路由信息更新模块:根据通知仅进行相应区域内的增量计算，并根据所述增量计算结果更新其所在网络设备中的路由信息；
所述网络设备为支持OSPFv3的网络设备。
7、如权利要求6所述的网络设备，其特征在于:
判断模块根据网络设备接收到其他网络节点泛洪的区域前缀LSA确定所述其他网络节点的IPv6前缀地址发生变化后，通知路由信息更新模块；
路由信息更新模块根据通知仅进行相应区域内的前缀LSA的增量计算，并根据增量计算结果增加/修改/删除其所在网络设备的路由信息。
8、如权利要求6所述的网络设备，其特征在于，判断模块将网络设备新接收到的区域前缀LSA与网络设备之前接收到的区域前缀LSA进行比较，并根据比较结果确定网络节点A的Ipv6前缀地址发生变化。
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