CN100466570C - 一种无线局域网接入点及其接入方法 - Google Patents

一种无线局域网接入点及其接入方法 Download PDF

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CN100466570C
CN100466570C CNB200510008781XA CN200510008781A CN100466570C CN 100466570 C CN100466570 C CN 100466570C CN B200510008781X A CNB200510008781X A CN B200510008781XA CN 200510008781 A CN200510008781 A CN 200510008781A CN 100466570 C CN100466570 C CN 100466570C
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wireless network
network card
radio
frequency module
agreement
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CN1829174A (zh
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梁斌
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SnapTrack Inc
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无线局域网接入点及其接入方法，在接入点上至少设置两个射频模块，用于接入支持不同速率集的无线网卡；当接入点收到无线网卡的接入请求时，判断该无线网卡所支持的速率集；以及根据所述速率集，判断该无线网卡的信号质量是否符合基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的射频模块的接入条件，若是，由基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的的射频模块接入该无线网卡；否则由扩展速率集能够接入该无线网卡的射频模块接入该无线网卡。本发明使低速传送的数据报文和高速传送的数据报文互不干扰，保证了高速用户的数据传输性能，同时不损失低速用户的性能。

Description

一种无线局域网接入点及其接入方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无线局域网接入点，尤其涉及一种无线局域网接入点及其接入方法。
背景技术
使用WLAN(Wireless Local Area Network，无线局域网)AP(Access Point，接入点)建立无线局域网时，AP通过发送信标(beacon)帧广播自己的信息，beacon帧中携带有AP支持的速率集以及SSID(Service Set Identify，服务集标识)。beacon帧中携带的速率集信息包括基本速率集和扩展速率集，AP使用基本速率发送广播报文和组播报文，以使所有的无线网卡都能接收到广播或者组播报文，因此无线网卡必须支持AP所声明的基本速率集；而AP声明的扩展速率集通常是较高的速率或者比较特殊的调制方式，无线网卡可以支持，也可以不支持，如果无线网卡支持AP声明的扩展速率集，AP将可以用扩展速率集给无线网卡发送单播报文，以获得比较好的性能。无线网卡通过扫描获取AP的信息，如果该AP的SSID以及速率集等属性与无线网卡相符合，无线网卡将向该AP发起鉴权请求，并与此AP建立无线连接，之后无线网卡和AP之间就可以进行数据传送，数据传送的速率由AP和无线网卡所支持速率集的交集决定，AP可针对不同的无线网卡提供不同的发送速率。
随着技术的发展，越来越多的WLAN产品支持IEEE 802.11g协议，支持IEEE 802.11g协议的WLAN AP以及无线网卡仍然使用2.4G的频段，向下兼容IEEE 802.11b协议，同时提供高达54Mbps的物理层速率，净荷速率可达到22Mbps；而支持IEEE 802.11b协议的WLAN产品的物理层速率只有11Mbps，净荷速率只有5Mbps左右。
目前支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡还被大量使用。如图1所示，由于支持IEEE 802.11g协议的AP可以兼容支持IEEE 802.11b的无线网卡，所以当支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡和支持IEEE8 02.11g协议的无线网卡同时接入支持IEEE 802.11g协议的AP时，支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡会对支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的传输性能造成影响。因为WLAN设备是共享信道资源的，任一时刻只能够有一个设备发送数据报文，当支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡发送数据时，由于其发送速率慢，占用时间长，支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡可以获得的发送时间就减少了很多，从而造成了整体传输性能的下降。
在若干支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡同时接入支持IEEE 802.11g协议的AP的情况下，其中一个支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡在离AP的距离比较远、无线信号比较差的情况下，为了减少误码率，无线网卡也会降低传送速率，同样会占用比较长的发送时间，从而会影响其他信号比较好的支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的性能。由于低速数据报文占用信道的时间比较长，高速数据报文占用信道的时间就会很短，只能发送比较少数量的报文，因此也会造成整体传输性能的下降。
现有技术中的AP的硬件结构如图2所示，其结构包括中央处理单元、以太网口和射频模块，射频模块接收无线网卡的管理控制报文和数据报文，中央处理单元根据IEEE 802.11协议对接收到的管理控制报文和数据报文进行处理，控制无线网卡与AP的连接，将处理的结果通过射频模块发送给无线网卡，并负责无线网卡以及以太网口之间数据的转发。
如图3所示，现有技术中的AP利用一个支持IEEE 802.11g协议的射频模块同时接入支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡和支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡时，为了保证支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的性能，经常以牺牲支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡的性能为代价，尽量压缩支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡的传输带宽，减少IEEE 802.11b协议数据帧的传送，从而达到保证支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的速率的需求。这种处理方式牺牲了支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡的带宽，使其性能变差，在数据流量比较大的时候，支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡使用这种支持IEEE 802.11g协议的AP的性能比使用普通的支持IEEE 802.11b协议的AP性能还要差。另外这种处理方式同样无法解决在两个支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡同时接入支持IEEE 802.11g协议的AP的情况下，某一个支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡性能变差时影响整体数据传输性能的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种无线局域网接入点及其接入方法，以解决现有技术中AP利用一个射频模块接入支持不同协议或不同速率的无线网卡时，整体数据传输性能会受到影响的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种无线局域网接入方法，在接入点上至少设置两个射频模块，用于接入支持不同速率集的无线网卡；
当接入点收到无线网卡的接入请求时，判断该无线网卡所支持的速率集；
根据所述速率集，判断该无线网卡的信号质量是否符合基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的射频模块的接入条件，若是，由基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的射频模块接入该无线网卡；否则由扩展速率集能够接入该无线网卡的射频模块接入该无线网卡。
当接入点上设置两个射频模块时，将第一射频模块的基本速率集设置为IEEE 802.11g协议所支持的速率，将第二射频模块的基本速率集设置为IEEE 802.11b协议所支持的速率，将第二射频模块的扩展速率集设置为IEEE 802.11g协议所支持的速率。
由射频模块接入无线网卡的过程具体包括以下步骤：
根据无线网卡的速率集判断无线网卡是否支持IEEE 802.11g协议，若否，第二射频模块接入该无线网卡；若是
判断无线网卡的信号质量是否符合第一射频模块的接入条件，若是，第一射频模块接入该无线网卡，若否，第二射频模块接入该无线网卡。
由射频模块接入无线网卡的过程还包括步骤：
监测支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的信号质量，根据第一射频模块的接入条件实时调整支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的接入关系。
若连接到第一射频模块的无线网卡的信号质量不符合第一射频模块的接入条件，则断开无线网卡与第一射频模块的连接，使其与第二射频模块建立连接；若连接到第二射频模块的支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的信号质量符合第一射频模块的接入条件，则断开该无线网卡与第二射频模块的连接，使其与第一射频模块建立连接。
所述第一射频模块的接入条件由无线网卡信号的强度和/或噪声和/或误码率和/或发送速率来决定。
无线网卡的接入请求为携带有无线网卡速率集信息的探询请求帧。
一种无线局域网接入点，包括中央处理单元，至少还包括连接所述中央处理单元的第一射频模块和第二射频模块，用于接入支持不同速率集的无线网卡；
当中央处理单元收到无线网卡的接入请求时，判断该无线网卡所支持的速率集；根据所述速率集，判断该无线网卡的信号质量是否符合基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的第一射频模块的接入条件，若是，由基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的第一射频模块接入该无线网卡；否则由扩展速率集能够接入该无线网卡的第二射频模块接入该无线网卡。
所述第一射频模块和第二射频模块工作在不同的信道上，第一射频模块的基本速率集为IEEE 802.11g协议所支持的速率，第二射频模块的基本速率集为IEEE 802.11b协议所支持的速率，第二射频模块的扩展速率集为IEEE802.11g协议所支持的速率。
由于本发明采用了以上技术方案，故具有以下有益效果：
本发明的接入点具有两个工作在不同信道上的射频模块，可将支持不同速率集的无线网卡接入到不同的射频模块上，使低速传送的数据报文和高速传送的数据报文互不干扰，保证了高速用户的数据传输性能，同时不损失低速用户的性能。本发明还具有动态实时调整的功能，可以根据实际情况及时调整无线网卡的接入关系，保证情况发生变化时不影响高速用户的性能。
附图说明
图1为支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡和支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡同时接入支持IEEE 802.11g协议的AP的示意图；
图2为现有技术中具有一个射频模块的AP的硬件结构原理图；
图3为压缩支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡的传输带宽以保证支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的速率的示意图；
图4为采用两个射频模块的AP的硬件原理图；
图5为使用具有两个射频模块的AP同时接入支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡和支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的示意图；
图6为具有两个射频模块的AP对无线网卡的接入处理流程图；
图7、图8为无线网卡信号质量发生变化时AP动态调整无线网卡接入关系的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
本发明的WLAN AP具有两个工作在2.4G频段的支持IEEE 802.11g协议的射频模块，这两个射频模块工作在不同的信道上。通过判断无线网卡所支持的速率集将其接入到不同的射频模块上，也就是不同的信道上，使低速传送的数据报文和高速传送的数据报文互不干扰，以保证高速用户的性能，同时不损失低速用户的性能。
如图4所示，本发明的WLAN AP包括中央处理单元、以太网口和两个射频模块，这两个射频模块工作在2.4G频段，可以同时接入无线网卡。无线网卡发送给AP的连接请求由两个射频模块分别发送给中央处理单元，中央处理单元控制无线网卡接入其中一个射频模块，无线网卡成功接入AP后，中央处理单元将无线网卡的数据通过以太网口转发出去。
如图5所示，IEEE 802.11标准定义的2.4G频段上有多个信道，AP的两个射频模块A和B工作在互不干扰的两条信道上，这两个射频模块设置相同的SSID，射频模块A的基本速率集设置为IEEE 802.11g协议所支持的速率，只有支持IEEE 802.11g协议并且信号质量较好的无线网卡才能接入，只支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡不能接入此射频模块；射频模块B的基本速率集设置为IEEE 802.11b协议所支持的速率，扩展速率集设置为IEEE 802.11g协议所支持的速率，可以兼容支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡和支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡同时接入，用于接入支持IEEE 802.11b协议的无线网卡和信号质量较差的支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡。
如图6所示，无线网卡接入上述具有两个射频模块的AP的具体过程如下：
S1、无线网卡向AP发出接入请求，AP判断无线网卡是否支持IEEE 802.11g协议，若是，转步骤S2，若否，将无线网卡接入射频模块B；
无线网卡在接入AP时，首先会向射频模块A和射频模块B分别发送探询请求帧(probe request)，探询请求帧中携带有无线网卡的速率集信息。射频模块A和射频模块B分别将探询请求帧发送给中央处理单元，中央处理单元根据探询请求帧中的速率集信息判断无线网卡是否支持IEEE 802.11g协议，如果无线网卡支持IEEE 802.11g协议，则转步骤S2；如果无线网卡不支持IEEE 802.11g协议，则中央处理单元向射频模块B发出接入命令，射频模块B向无线网卡发送探询请求响应帧(probe response)，无线网卡收到该探询请求响应帧后，向射频模块B发起鉴权请求和附着请求，射频模块B收到请求后，向无线网卡发出鉴权应答和附着应答，将无线网卡接入射频模块B。
S2、AP判断无线网卡的信号质量是否符合射频模块A的接入条件，若是将无线网卡接入射频模块A，若否，将无线网卡接入射频模块B。
如果无线网卡支持IEEE 802.11g协议，则中央处理单元接着判断无线网卡所发送的探询请求帧的信号质量，如果无线网卡所发送的探询请求帧的信号质量符合射频模块A的接入条件，则中央处理单元向射频模块A发出接入命令，射频模块A向无线网卡发送探询请求响应帧(probe response)，无线网卡收到该探询请求响应帧后，向射频模块发起鉴权请求和附着请求，射频模块A收到请求后，向无线网卡发出鉴权应答和附着应答，将无线网卡接入射频模块A；如果无线网卡所发送的探询请求帧的信号质量不符合射频模块A的接入条件，则中央处理单元向射频模块B发出接入命令，射频模块B向无线网卡发送探询请求响应帧(probe response)，无线网卡收到该探询请求响应帧后，向射频模块B发起鉴权请求和附着请求，射频模块B收到请求后，向无线网卡发出鉴权应答和附着应答，将无线网卡接入射频模块B。
在使用过程中，由于无线网卡具有可移动性，原来信号质量符合射频模块A的接入条件的无线网卡可能移动到离AP较远的地方，造成信号质量变差，性能下降；而原来信号质量不符合射频模块A的接入条件的支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡可能移动到离AP较近信号较强的地方，性能变好。
如图7所示，射频模块A检测到与其连接的某个支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的信号质量不再符合射频模块A的接入条件，则向此无线网卡发送取消鉴权帧(deauthentication)，促使该无线网卡下线，并使其重新向AP发起连接，在无线网卡的重新连接过程中，射频模块A不响应该无线网卡的请求帧，因此该无线网卡只能连接到射频模块B上。
如图8所示，射频模块B检测到与其连接的某个支持IEEE 802.11g协议的无线网卡的信号质量符合射频模块A的接入条件，则向此无线网卡发送取消鉴权帧(deauthentication)，促使该无线网卡下线，并使其重新向AP发起连接，在无线网卡的重新连接过程中，射频模块B不响应无线网卡的请求帧，因此该无线网卡只能连接到射频模块A上，从而保证了其性能。
在上述过程中，射频模块A的接入条件由无线网卡信号的强度和/或噪声和/或误码率和/或发送速率所决定。
在上述实施例中，AP上设置了两个射频模块，随着IEEE 802.11协议的不断发展，支持更高传输速率的无线网络协议也会不断出现，如正处于草拟阶段的IEEE 802.11n协议，因此本发明的AP中也可以根据实际需要设置两个以上的射频模块，以保证支持不同协议的无线网卡能够同时接入，并且互不影响传输性能。
以上仅以较佳实施例对本发明进行说明，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (9)

1、一种无线局域网接入方法，在接入点上至少设置两个射频模块，用于接入支持不同速率集的无线网卡；
当接入点收到无线网卡的接入请求时，判断该无线网卡所支持的速率集；
根据所述速率集，判断该无线网卡的信号质量是否符合基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的射频模块的接入条件，若是，由基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的射频模块接入该无线网卡；否则由扩展速率集能够接入该无线网卡的射频模块接入该无线网卡。
2、根据权利要求1所述的无线局域网接入方法，其特征在于，当接入点上设置两个射频模块时，将第一射频模块的基本速率集设置为IEEE802.11g协议所支持的速率，将第二射频模块的基本速率集设置为IEEE802.11b协议所支持的速率，将第二射频模块的扩展速率集设置为IEEE802.11g协议所支持的速率。
3、根据权利要求2所述的无线局域网接入方法，其特征在于，由射频模块接入无线网卡的过程具体包括以下步骤：
根据无线网卡的速率集判断无线网卡是否支持IEEE802.11g协议，若否，第二射频模块接入该无线网卡；若是
判断无线网卡的信号质量是否符合第一射频模块的接入条件，若是，第一射频模块接入该无线网卡，若否，第二射频模块接入该无线网卡。
4、根据权利要求3所述的无线局域网接入方法，其特征在于，由射频模块接入无线网卡的过程还包括步骤：
监测支持IEEE802.11g协议的无线网卡的信号质量，根据第一射频模块的接入条件实时调整支持IEEE802.11g协议的无线网卡的接入关系。
5、根据权利要求4所述的无线局域网接入方法，其特征在于，若连接到第一射频模块的无线网卡的信号质量不符合第一射频模块的接入条件，则断开无线网卡与第一射频模块的连接，使其与第二射频模块建立连接；若连接到第二射频模块的支持IEEE802.11g协议的无线网卡的信号质量符合第一射频模块的接入条件，则断开该无线网卡与第二射频模块的连接，使其与第一射频模块建立连接。
6、根据权利要求3或4或5所述的无线局域网接入方法，其特征在于，所述第一射频模块的接入条件由无线网卡信号的强度和/或噪声和/或误码率和/或发送速率来决定。
7、根据权利要求1所述的无线局域网接入方法，其特征在于，无线网卡的接入请求为携带有无线网卡速率集信息的探询请求帧。
8、一种无线局域网接入点，包括中央处理单元，其特征在于，至少还包括连接所述中央处理单元的第一射频模块和第二射频模块，用于接入支持不同速率集的无线网卡；
当中央处理单元收到无线网卡的接入请求时，判断该无线网卡所支持的速率集；根据所述速率集，判断该无线网卡的信号质量是否符合基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的第一射频模块的接入条件，若是，由基本速率集能够接入该无线网卡的第一射频模块接入该无线网卡；否则由扩展速率集能够接入该无线网卡的第二射频模块接入该无线网卡。
9、根据权利要求8所述的无线局域网接入点，其特征在于，所述第一射频模块和第二射频模块工作在不同的信道上，第一射频模块的基本速率集为IEEE802.11g协议所支持的速率，第二射频模块的基本速率集为IEEE802.11b协议所支持的速率，第二射频模块的扩展速率集为IEEE802.11g协议所支持的速率。
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CN102348261A (zh) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-08 国基电子（上海）有限公司 无线局域网接入点系统及方法
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