CN100466519C - 一种广播网络中实现同时下载多个文件的方法 - Google Patents

一种广播网络中实现同时下载多个文件的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100466519C
CN100466519C CNB2006101402604A CN200610140260A CN100466519C CN 100466519 C CN100466519 C CN 100466519C CN B2006101402604 A CNB2006101402604 A CN B2006101402604A CN 200610140260 A CN200610140260 A CN 200610140260A CN 100466519 C CN100466519 C CN 100466519C
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data
data cell
files
file
document
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CN1960259A (zh
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沈灿
张建强
晏祥彪
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Abstract

一种广播网络中实现同时下载多个文件的方法，包括以下步骤：(1)对多个文件，把每个文件都分割成多个文件块，分别封装在多个数据单元中；所述数据单元的长度不固定；(2)给每一个数据单元分配一个文件编号和一个单元编号，文件编号用来标记该数据单元中的文件块属于哪一个文件，单元编号用来区分同一个文件的不同文件块的顺序；(3)把上述多个数据单元封装在一个业务通道中传送。

Description

一种广播网络中实现同时下载多个文件的方法
技术领域
本发明属于多媒体广播或手机电视技术领域，特别涉及到一种实现多媒体广播网络中多个文件同时下载的方法。
背景技术
移动多媒体广播是近年来兴起的一种多媒体播放技术，通过手持的终端，在高速移动的情况下，可以观看电视。终端通过无线协议，接收到节目单，并可以选择自己有权利收看的频道，从而可以接受选择频道的多媒体数据，实现在移动终端上看电视。
系统发射的空中数据，被分成不同的频道，每个频道的数据又包括：视频、音频和数据三种类型，终端可以接收相关的数据，通过终端上的播放器，实现电视的正常播放。
数据是用来实现字幕、文件下载、IP组播、ESG(电子节目指南)下载等应用的，在广播网络中是对实时播放的视音频流的一个重要补充。
在广播网络中，现有的文件下载的封装方法有2种：
第一，TS(传输流)方式，TS协议是MPEG(运动图像专家组)标准中的一种，它把一个文件切割成小块数据后，放在一个固定188字节大小的包里传送，通过PID(节目编号)来区分不同的业务与文件。
第二，IP(互联网协议)组播方式，把文件切割成小块数据后，放在IP组播包中，包的大小不固定，通过IP地址与IP端口号来区分不同的业务种类与文件，以实现1个频道同时下载多个文件。
现有的方法各有优点与缺点。第一种方法，由于TS包的大小固定，一段数据被分成多个TS包中间传送，最后一个TS包往往不能完全用完，存在大量的填充信息，因此TS方式的传输效率比较低；第二种方法，由于IP组播的包头有28字节，开销也比较大。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种在多媒体广播系统中实现多个文件同时下载的封装方法，使得利用多媒体广播网络实现多个文件同时下载时，能够尽量减少额外开销，提高传输资源的利用率，从而提高传输效率。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种广播网络中实现同时下载多个文件的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)对多个文件，把每个文件都分割成多个文件块，分别封装在多个数据单元中；所述数据单元的长度不固定；
(2)给每一个数据单元分配一个文件编号和一个单元编号，文件编号用来标记该数据单元中的文件块属于哪一个文件，单元编号用来区分同一个文件的不同文件块的顺序；
(3)把上述多个数据单元封装在一个业务通道中传送，所述一个业务通道对应一个多媒体广播频道。
所述数据单元包括数据单元头、数据净荷、循环校验码。其中，所述的数据单元头，包括数据单元类型、数据单元扩展指示位、数据单元扩展头，数据单元扩展头中记录了数据单元扩展头长度，及所述的单元编号、文件编号。
所述的业务通道中包括包头、数据段头和所述的多个数据单元，其中，所述包头中记录了包头长度、视频数据段长度、音频数据段长度、数据段的长度；所述的数据段头中记录了数据单元的总数、每个数据单元的长度。
本发明的方法是通过同时封装多个文件在一个频道中广播，实现了多个文件同时下载的功能。本技术属于一种适合在广播网络中使用的文件下载的封装方法，是一种变长的封装方法，包头开销很小，灵活度高，效率要远高于现有技术中的方法，而且有容错机制，抗误码能力强。
附图说明
图1是多个文件封装在一个业务通道中的封装结构示意图
图2是一个业务通道同时下载多个文件的示意图
具体实施方式
本发明的实现多个文件同时下载的方法，是把多个文件分割成多个文件块，分别封装在多个数据单元中，并将多个数据单元封装在一个业务通道中传送，因此一个业务通道中可以同时封装多个文件。一个业务通道对应一个频道，一个频道在一个固定时间间隔内发送1次数据，固定时间间隔可以是1秒钟，也可以是其他时间值。
每一个数据单元中分配有一个文件编号和一个单元编号，文件编号用来标记该数据单元中的文件块属于哪一个文件，单元编号用来区分同一个文件的不同文件块的顺序，以实现下载文件的正确拼接。
图1是多个文件封装在一个业务通道中的封装结构示意图。如果1个业务通道是用来实现文件下载功能，则这个业务通道中没有视频数据、音频数据，仅包括包头、数据段头、N个数据单元。
包头中主要是一些控制信息，包头主要包括：包头长度、视频数据段长度、音频数据段长度、数据段的长度、CRC(循环校验)等。
数据段头包括：数据单元的总数、每个数据单元的长度、CRC等。
数据单元是由数据单元头、数据净荷、CRC组成的。
数据单元头包括数据单元类型、数据单元扩展指示位、数据单元扩展头。如果数据单元扩展指示位为1，表示有数据单元扩展，如果数据单元扩展指示位为0，表示没有数据单元扩展，如果没有数据单元扩展，则不可以同时传送多个文件。
数据单元扩展头包括：数据单元扩展头长度、文件编号、单元编号。
数据单元扩展头长度表示数据单元扩展的长度。
文件编号标记数据单元中的文件块属于哪一个文件，用来区分不同的文件，范围0到255，可以同时传递256个不同的文件，一个文件传送完成，对应的文件编号就可以重新使用。
单元编号表示数据单元中封装的文件块的编号，用来区分一个文件被分割成的不同文件块的顺序，范围0到255，循环递增，终端根据单元编号从小到大的顺序，来重新组合成一个完整的文件。
图2是一个业务通道同时下载多个文件的示意图。一个业务通道每隔1秒钟传送一次数据，可以同时传送多个文件，每个文件每次传送0个、1个或多个数据单元，每个数据单元扩展头中的文件编号都不同。如图2所示的实例中，同时传送M个文件，每个文件每次传送1个数据单元。
本发明的每个数据单元是变长的，没有填充数据，对比TS封装方法，提高了数据传输的利用率。CRC是为了防止出现误码，提高可靠性。
采用本发明的方法，可以封装多个文件，能实现丰富多彩的数据业务。
下面通过一个实例对本发明做进一步描述。在本实例中，一个业务通道有64Kbit/s的速率。
这个频道的总长度是8192字节，其中：包头长18字节；数据段头长12字节，数据单元有3个，数据单元头长度是4字节，数据单元的CRC是4字节，数据净荷的总长度是8142字节，传送效率达到99.3％，可以同时传送3个不同的文件。对于3个2M的文件，可以在13分钟的时间内传送完成。

Claims (7)

1.一种广播网络中实现同时下载多个文件的方法，包括以下步骤:
(1)对多个文件，把每个文件都分割成多个文件块，分别封装在多个数据单元中；所述数据单元的长度不固定；
(2)给每一个数据单元分配一个文件编号和一个单元编号，文件编号用来标记该数据单元中的文件块属于哪一个文件，单元编号用来区分同一个文件的不同文件块的顺序；
(3)把上述多个数据单元封装在一个业务通道中传送，所述一个业务通道对应一个多媒体广播频道。
2如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于:所述的数据单元，包括数据单元头、数据净荷、循环校验码。
3如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于:所述的数据单元头，包括数据单元类型、数据单元扩展指示位、数据单元扩展头。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于:所述数据单元扩展头中记录了数据单元扩展头长度，及所述的单元编号、文件编号。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于:步骤(3)所述的业务通道中包括包头、数据段头和所述的多个数据单元。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于:所述包头中记录了包头长度、视频数据段长度、音频数据段长度、数据段的长度。
7.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于:所述数据段头中记录了数据单元的总数、每个数据单元的长度。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于:所述的单元编号的值在一定数值范围内循环。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于:所述的文件编号有一定取值范围，一个文件传送完成，对应的文件编号由新的文件重新使用。
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