CN100466510C - 一种防止网络用户对网络地址转换（nat）设备攻击的方法 - Google Patents

一种防止网络用户对网络地址转换（nat）设备攻击的方法 Download PDF

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CN100466510C
CN100466510C CNB031228321A CN03122832A CN100466510C CN 100466510 C CN100466510 C CN 100466510C CN B031228321 A CNB031228321 A CN B031228321A CN 03122832 A CN03122832 A CN 03122832A CN 100466510 C CN100466510 C CN 100466510C
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network user
link
limited users
statistical form
network
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CN1543115A (zh
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业苏宁
郭勇
宋端智
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种防止网络用户对NAT设备攻击的方法，该方法包括步骤：统计网络用户的链接信息，将统计的链接信息存入一个网络用户统计表中；根据统计的链接信息，建立一个受限用户统计表，所述受限用户统计表反映了请求链接到公网服务器需要受到限制的所述网络用户的信息；根据网络用户统计表中的信息，将网络用户列入或撤出受限用户统计表；根据受限用户统计表控制网络用户的链接，对于链接总数过大的用户，直接丢弃该用户的新建链接，对于链接速率过快的用户，采用有效的流量控制算法控制该用户的新建链接。利用本发明，可以有效地防止网络用户采用建立大量链接或不断地建链拆链的方法对NAT设备的攻击，大大提高了网络的安全性。

Description

一种防止网络用户对网络地址转换（NAT）设备攻击的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及网络安全技术，具体涉及一种防止网络用户对网络地址转换(NAT)设备攻击的方法。
背景技术
随着网络的迅猛发展，网络用户的数量也迅速增加，而公网的地址资源毕竟是有限的。通常采用NAT(网络地址转换)技术解决公网的地址资源短缺问题，使网络资源得到充分的利用，但随之也产生了对网络地址转换(NAT)设备进行恶意攻击的网络安全问题。这种攻击通常表现为攻击者不停地申请公网地址和端口号建立链接，消耗NAT的资源和处理性能，达到恶意攻击的目的。
通常，NAT对报文的处理不考虑用户是否有恶意攻击倾向，对收到的报文信息做如下处理：如果网络处理器收到的是NAT首包，则网络处理器将报文上报NAT设备的主机，主机为后续报文建立转换表项，同时转换该报文的端口地址；如果网络处理器收到的是后续报文，则网络处理器直接根据查表结果进行端口地址转换，并转发该报文。目前，考虑到网络安全问题，针对某些私网用户可能对公网服务器进行恶意攻击的现象，很多NAT设备都采用了流量监管(CAR)限制，即限制进入NAT的报文总流量的方法保护网络地址转换(NAT)设备免遭大流量冲击的恶意攻击，如附图1所示，预先设定总流量的阈值，网上用户总数超过设定的阈值后，再有链接时，报文数据即被丢弃。这样虽然在一定程度上起到了保护网络安全的作用，但此方法不能识别哪些网络用户有攻击倾向，哪些是合法用户，因此对网络用户采用以下两种方法对网络地址转换(NAT)设备的攻击束手无策：
(1)络用户通过建立大量链接，恶意占用NAT的资源，使其它用
户无法进行正常的网络访问；
(2)网络用户通过不断地建立链接、然后迅速断开链接的方式，恶意消耗NAT的处理能力，使其它网络用户访问速率变慢。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的上述缺点，提供一种防止网络用户对网络地址转换(NAT)设备攻击的方法，所述方法包括：
统计所述网络用户的链接信息，将所述统计的链接信息存入一个网络用户统计表中；
根据所述统计的链接信息，建立一个受限用户统计表，所述受限用户统计表反映了请求链接到所述公网服务器需要受到限制的所述网络用户的信息；
根据所述网络用户统计表中的信息，将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表；
根据所述受限用户统计表控制所述网络用户的链接。
可选地，所述统计网络用户的链接信息的步骤包括步骤：统计所述网络用户的源IP地址、链接总数、时间标记和平均建链速率。
优选地，所述将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表的步骤还包括步骤：为每个网络用户分配一个建链总数下阈值、一个建链总数上阈值、一个建链速率下阈值和一个建链速率上阈值，以便于根据各阈值判断用户是否为受限用户或者非受限用户。
优选地，所述将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表的步骤包括步骤：判断所述网络用户是否为受限用户，若是，则将所述网络用户列入所述受限用户统计表；
判断原为所述受限用户的所述网络用户是否已为非受限用户，若是，则将所述网络用户撤出所述受限用户统计表。
可选地，所述判断所述网络用户是否为所述受限用户的步骤包括步骤：如果所述网络用户的建链总数超过所述建链总数上阈值或建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值时，则表明所述网络用户是受限用户。
可选地，所述判断原为所述受限用户的所述网络用户是否已为非受限用户的步骤包括步骤：如果原为所述受限用户因拆链或建链速率变慢而使所述网络用户的建链总数小于所述建链总数下阈值或建链速率小于所述建链速率下阈值时，则表明所述网络用户已为非受限用户，将所述网络用户撤出所述受限用户统计表。
可选地，所述将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表的步骤包括步骤：在所述网络用户统计表中标记所述受限用户。
可选地，所述将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表的步骤包括步骤：存入所述受限用户的源IP地址、受限属性，所述受限属性表明所述网络用户的建链总数超过所述建链总数上阈值还是建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值。
优选地，所述根据所述受限用户统计表控制所述网络用户的链接的步骤包括步骤：根据所述受限用户统计表中的所述受限属性，控制所述网络用户的链接。
可选地，所述根据所述受限用户统计表中的所述受限属性，控制所述网络用户的链接的步骤包括步骤：对于建链总数超过所述建链总数上阈值的所述网络用户的数据，直接丢弃；对于建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值的所述网络用户的数据，采用有效的流量控制算法进行控制。
可选地，所述对于建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值的所述网络用户的数据，采用有效的流量控制算法进行控制的步骤包括步骤：采用WRDE算法和/或SARED算法控制所述建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值的所述网络用户的数据，即在网络轻度拥塞时即开始随机丢弃一些级别较低的报文，使网络保持轻度负荷状态。
利用本发明，可以有效地防止网络用户采用建立大量链接或不断地建链拆链的方法对网络地址转换(NAT)设备的攻击，大大提高了网络的安全性。
附图说明
图1是目前采用限制进入NAT的报文总流量的技术防止网络用户攻击的方法的流程图；
图2是本发明的优选实施例防止网络用户对网络地址转换(NAT)设备攻击的方法的步骤的流程图；
图3是本发明的优选实施例防止网络用户对网络地址转换(NAT)设备攻击的方法的步骤的流程中根据网络用户统计表的信息将网络用户列入或撤出受限用户统计表的流程图；
图4是本发明的优选实施例防止网络用户对网络地址转换(NAT)设备攻击的方法的步骤的流程中根据受限用户统计表的信息控制网络用户的链接的流程图；
图5是本发明的优选实施例中所述网络用户统计表中每项的内容及结构；
图6是本发明的优选实施例中所述受限用户统计表中每项的内容及结构；
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明：
参照图2，图2描述了本发明的优选实施例防止网络用户对网络地址转换(NAT)设备攻击的方法的步骤的流程：
首先在步骤21，采用HASH算法，通过源IP地址查找已链接的网络用户，统计出网络用户的链接信息，所述网络用户的链接信息包括网络用户的源IP地址、链接总数、时间标志、平均链接速率，将这些链接信息存入一个网络用户统计表中，下文将参照图5对所述网络用户统计表的内容及结构进行详细描述；
再参照图2，统计网络用户的链接信息完成后，进到步骤22，建立一个受限用户统计表，所述受限用户统计表反映了请求链接到所述网络地址转换(NAT)设备需要受到限制的所述网络用户的信息，下文将参照图6对所述受限用户统计表的内容及结构进行详细描述；
再参照图2，步骤23根据网络用户统计表的信息，将请求链接的网络用户列入或撤出受限用户统计表，其中包括：判断所述请求链接的网络用户的链接是否需要受到限制，将需要受到限制的网络用户列入受限用户统计表，还要判断已经在受限用户统计表中的所述请求链接的网络用户的链接是否已不再需要受到限制，将不再需要受到限制的网络用户撤出受限用户统计表，下文将参照图3根据网络用户统计表的信息将网络用户列入或撤出受限用户统计表的流程进行详细描述；
再参照图2，根据网络用户统计表的信息将请求链接的网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表后，进到步骤24，根据受限用户统计表的信息，控制受限用户的链接，具体根据受限用户统计表中的受限属性，采用不同的控制方法，直接丢弃请求链接的网络用户的数据报文，或采用有效的流量控制算法进行控制，例如，用WRED算法在网络轻度拥塞时即开始随机丢弃一些级别较低的报文，下文将参照图4根据受限用户统计表的信息控制受限用户的链接的流程进行详细描述。
图3详细描述了本发明的优选实施例防止网络用户对网络地址转换(NAT)设备攻击的方法的步骤的流程中根据网络用户统计表的信息将网络用户列入或撤出受限用户统计表的流程：
首先在步骤31为网络用户分配建链总数的阈值参数和建链速率的阈值参数，在本发明的优选实施例的最佳实施方式中，为网络用户分配一个建链总数的上阈值和一个建链总数的下阈值、一个建链速率的上阈值和一个建链速率的下阈值；
然后进到步骤32，判断所述网络用户原来是否是受限用户，也就是说检索所述网络用户是否已在所述受限用户统计表中，
如果原来是受限用户，则进到步骤33，判断所述网络用户现在是否还是受限用户，如果所述网络用户的建链总数因拆链已小于建链总数的下阈值或建链速率因变慢已小于建链速率的下阈值，则表明所述网络用户现在已不再是受限用户，
如果现在还是受限用户，则结束，
如果现在已不是受限用户，则进到步骤34，将所述网络用户撤出受限用户统计表，然后结束，
如果原来不是受限用户，则进到步骤35，判断所述网络用户现在是否已是受限用户，如果所述网络用户的建链总数已达到或超过建链总数的上阈值或建链速率已达到或超过建链速率的上阈值，则表明所述网络用户现在已是受限用户，
如果现在已是受限用户，则进到步骤36，将所述网络用户列入受限用户统计表，然后结束，
如果现在还不是受限用户，则进到步骤37，更新网络用户统计表，然后结束。
图4详细描述了本发明的优选实施例防止网络用户对网络地址转换(NAT)设备攻击的方法的步骤的流程中根据受限用户统计表的信息控制网络用户的链接的流程：
首先在步骤41，报文进入网络处理器；
然后进入步骤42，查网络地址转换表，
如果能查到相应的转换地址，则进到步骤47，对报文进行地址转换，然后转发所述报文，
如果不能查到相应的转换地址，则进到步骤43，以源IP地址查受限用户统计表，然后到步骤44，判断所述源IP地址是否在受限用户统计表中，
如果不在受限用户统计表中，则进到步骤48，将报文上报主机，然后进到步骤49，由主机进行正常的首包处理，然后转发所述报文，
如果在受限用户统计表中，则进到步骤45，根据受限用户统计表中的受限属性，判断是否是建链总数超过所述建链总数上阈值，
如果是建链总数超过所述建链总数上阈值，则进到步骤410，丢弃该报文，
如果不是建链总数超过所述建链总数上阈值，则进到步骤46，根据受限用户统计表中的受限属性，进一步判断是否是建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值，
如果是建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值，则进到步骤411，采用有效的流量控制算法，例如WRED算法，限制用户的建链速率，然后转发所述报文，
如果不是建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值，则发故障告警消息。
图5详细描述了本发明的优选实施例中所述网络用户统计表中每项的内容及结构：
第一个字段源IP地址51：表示网络用户的源IP地址；
第二个字段受限标志52：表示具有源IP地址51的网络用户是受限用户；
第三个字段链接总数53：表示网络用户建立的链接总数；
第四个字段时间标记54：表示网络用户信息的统计时间；
第五个字段建链速率55：表示网络用户建立链接的平均速率。
所述网络用户统计表中每项的内容和结构不只限于上述形式，例如：可以把受限标志放在第五个字段的位置上，而把建链速率放在第二个字段的位置上。
图6描述了本发明的优选实施例中所述受限用户统计表中每项的内容及结构；
第一个字段源IP地址61：表示网络用户的源IP地址；
第二个字段受限标志62：表示具有源IP地址61的网络用户是受限用户；
第三个字段受限属性63：表示网络用户是因建链总数过多还是因建链速率过快而被受限的。
所述受限用户统计表中每项的内容及结构可以有多种变形，只要它能正确反映所述受限用户的完整信息，即不脱离本发明的精神。
虽然通过实施例描绘了本发明，本领域普通技术人员知道，本发明有许多变形和变化而不脱离本发明的精神，例如，在本发明中提到的采用有效的流量控制算法限制网络用户的建链速率中，流量控制的算法有多种，例如：WRED算法、SARED算法、GCRA算法等，根据网络的实际需要，只要能进行有效的流量控制，即符合本发明的精神，希望所附的权利要求包括这些变形和变化而不脱离本发明的精神。

Claims (11)

1.一种防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括:
统计所述网络用户的链接信息，将所述统计的链接信息存入一个网络用户统计表中；
根据所述统计的链接信息，建立一个受限用户统计表，所述受限用户统计表反映了请求链接到公网服务器需要受到限制的所述网络用户的信息；
根据所述网络用户统计表中的信息，将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表；
根据所述受限用户统计表控制所述网络用户的链接。
2.如权利要求1所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述统计网络用户的链接信息的步骤包括步骤:统计所述网络用户的源IP地址、链接总数、时间标记和平均建链速率。
3.如权利要求1所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表的步骤包括步骤:
判断所述网络用户是否为受限用户，若是，则将所述网络用户列入所述受限用户统计表；
判断原为所述受限用户的所述网络用户是否已为非受限用户，若是，则将所述网络用户撤出所述受限用户统计表。
4.如权利要求3所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表的步骤还包括步骤:为每个网络用户分配一个建链总数下阈值、一个建链总数上阈值、一个建链速率下阈值和一个建链速率上阈值，以便于根据各阈值判断用户是否为受限用户或者非受限用户。
5.如权利要求4所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述判断所述网络用户是否为所述受限用户的步骤包括步骤:如果所述网络用户的建链总数超过所述建链总数上阈值或建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值时，则表明所述网络用户是受限用户。
6.如权利要求4所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述判断原为所述受限用户的所述网络用户是否已为非受限用户的步骤包括步骤:如果原为所述受限用户因拆链或建链速率变慢而使所述网络用户的建链总数小于所述建链总数下阈值或建链速率小于所述建链速率下阈值时，则表明所述网络用户已为非受限用户，将所述网络用户撤出所述受限用户统计表。
7.如权利要求5所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表的步骤包括步骤:在所述网络用户统计表中标记所述受限用户。
8.如权利要求5所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述将所述网络用户列入或撤出所述受限用户统计表的步骤包括步骤:存入所述受限用户的源IP地址、受限属性，所述受限属性表明所述网络用户的建链总数超过所述建链总数上阈值还是所述网络用户的建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值。
9.如权利要求8所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述受限用户统计表控制所述网络用户的链接的步骤包括步骤:根据所述受限用户统计表中的所述受限属性，控制所述网络用户的链接。
10.如权利要求9所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述受限用户统计表中的所述受限属性，控制所述网络用户的链接的步骤包括步骤:对于建链总数超过所述建链总数上阈值的所述网络用户的数据，直接丢弃；对于建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值的所述网络用户的数据，采用有效的流量控制算法进行控制。
11.如权利要求10所述的防止网络用户对网络地址转换NAT设备攻击的方法，其特征在于，所述对于建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值的所述网络用户的数据，采用有效的流量控制算法进行控制的步骤包括步骤:采用WRDE算法和/或SARED算法控制所述建链速率超过所述建链速率上阈值的所述网络用户的数据，即在网络轻度拥塞时即开始随机丢弃一些级别较低的报文，使网络保持轻度负荷状态。
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