CN100464354C - Concrete internal temperature detecting device based on induction princinple - Google Patents
Concrete internal temperature detecting device based on induction princinple Download PDFInfo
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- CN100464354C CN100464354C CNB2007100174060A CN200710017406A CN100464354C CN 100464354 C CN100464354 C CN 100464354C CN B2007100174060 A CNB2007100174060 A CN B2007100174060A CN 200710017406 A CN200710017406 A CN 200710017406A CN 100464354 C CN100464354 C CN 100464354C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a concrete internal temperature detection device based on induction principle including the devices buried inside and outside of concrete. The internal device includes temperature sensor, the second CPU, modulation circuit and the second coil, which is used to receive and process the internal temperature information, and code the information for the signals external device can identify to send out. The external device includes the first coil, oscillation power amplification circuit, analog processing circuit, the first CPU and a communication interface, which are used to receive data from internal device, decode them to communicate with PC and provide energy for the internal device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the temperature detection technical field, relate to a kind of temperature-detecting device, particularly a kind of temperature detection that is applied to no external electric contact in the construction projects such as highway, bridge, railway and power free inside concrete.
Background technology
Concrete the building in the process that place an iron railway, the temperature variation of inside concrete is very big to the quality influence of concreting part, can do not had a strong impact on concrete pouring quality and life-span if do not control then, have following three subject matters and detect for its internal temperature at present: (1) can't directly power to the data collecting device, brings the restriction to data collecting device power consumption thus; (2) data acquisition equipment can not directly be drawn signal detection line internally, makes reliability of data transmission be affected; (3) concrete casting injection body inner structure, material all can produce serious interference etc. to power supply, data communication.At above subject matter, adopted a variety of detection methods both at home and abroad:
The first kind: the most original is the measured hole thermometric.This method is simple to operate, and cost is low, but only can survey surface temperature of concrete, and interference is big and damaged the concrete surface integrality, thereby this method is not suitable for for detecting the larger volume concrete internal temperature.
Second class: what concrete internal temperature detected generally employing at present is to set out from " thermometric is arranged, pipe laying must be arranged ".Based on this method thermocouple temperature measurement, thermistor temperature detecting, optical fiber temperature-measurement etc. are arranged.The ultimate principle of thermocouple temperature measurement is a thermoelectric effect.Utilize Seebeck effect, make galvanic couple according to thermoelectrical potential and temperature funtion relation and divide kilsyth basalt, record concrete internal temperature by tabling look-up.Referring to [Li Xiaolong work " research of heat sensitive sensor performance and comprehensive Design experiment "].Thermistor temperature detecting is the relation according to resistance and temperature, determines internal temperature by detecting resistance; Be exactly optical fiber temperature-measurement in addition, it utilizes the relation of light and temperature in a disguised form to detect inner thermometric.Being apparent that very above various methodologies all belongs to wired thermometric, having a common shortcoming, is exactly all to need to go between (or power lead or signal wire) to the surface from inside concrete, has destroyed concrete surface integrity.List of references [Li Jijun, bavin are built industry work " high-rise residential building winter construction concrete Quality Control ". " Shaanxi building " the 12nd phase in 2003], [" mass concrete construction worker method ". " science and technology is built in Tianjin " the 03rd phase in 1997].
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of concrete internal temperature pick-up unit based on principle of induction, this device utilizes inductive power supply and signal transmission, has solved the existing concrete internal temperature and has detected the destruction of concrete integrality and the problem of pick-up unit power supply.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is; A kind of concrete internal temperature checkout gear based on principle of induction; Comprise the interior arrangement that is embedded in inside concrete and the external device (ED) of concrete outside; Interior arrangement is by the concrete internal temperature of temperature sensor measurement; And temperature information sent out; External device (ED) sends radiofrequency signal and provides energy to interior arrangement; And receive the temperature information that interior arrangement spreads out of; A plurality of external device (ED)s are unified into fieldbus network; The temperature information of each point is sent to main website
Interior arrangement wherein comprises
Temperature sensor is used to detect its temperature on every side, and detected temperature information is converted to digital signal, passes through I
2The C bus is passed to
The 2nd CPU is used to receive the temperature information that described temperature sensor transmits, and this signal is encoded, and forms a frame data stream, and the port level of control CPU is exported these data and flow to
Modulation circuit is used for the signal behind the above-mentioned coding is carried out load-modulate, i.e. load to second coil changes, and this change is sent to external device (ED) with digital coding,
Second coil, the radiofrequency signal of reception external device (ED) provides power supply to interior arrangement; Be subjected to the influence of load-modulate, cause that voltage, electric current change, and send out coded signal;
External device (ED) wherein comprises
First coil is used to send radiofrequency signal to interior arrangement, for inside provides energy; Be used to respond to the signal of second coil, and this signal is sent into analog processing circuit;
Vibration and power amplification circuit are used to produce AC signal, and amplify through power amplification circuit, encourage first coil, the output radiofrequency signal;
Analog processing circuit is used for the above-mentioned second coil-induced signal to first coil is carried out amplitude demodulation, and the signal after the demodulation is amplified, and gets its variation, turns to digital signal in the signal two-value with this variation, and digital signal is sent into
The one CPU receives the digitally encoded signal that analog processing circuit is exported, and this signal is decoded and verification, guarantees that the data that receive are correct; And it is carried out decoding processing obtain temperature information, this temperature information is encoded once more, form frame data, be stored in the register in the CPU, wait for communication request;
Communication interface is isolated and level conversion, is used to receive a request command and the CPU that PC sends and sends information to PC, isolates the antijamming capability that improves communication.
Pick-up unit of the present invention utilizes inductive power supply and signal transmission, and its maximum characteristics are:
(1) pick-up unit is divided into two parts, the part that is embedded in inside concrete does not have any contact with the concrete exterior section, has guaranteed concrete seamlessness;
(2) internal inspection device need not powered battery, but thereby long-term stable operation and easy and simple to handle, do not have battery to reduce the damage of corrosive goods confrontation concrete and reinforcing bar in addition yet.
In addition, the strong interference immunity of this device, the device working environment is stable, easy and simple to handle, accuracy of detection is higher (± 0.5 ℃), sensing range big (40 ℃～+ 125 ℃), response speed are fast, simple in structure, be easy to safeguard and debug.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory structure block diagram of pick-up unit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the example circuit diagram of a kind of interior arrangement provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the example circuit diagram of a kind of external device (ED) provided by the invention.
Among Fig. 1,1. temperature sensor, 2. the 2nd CPU, 3. modulation circuit, 4. second coil, 5. first coil, 6. analog processing circuit, 7. a CPU, 8. communication interface, 9. vibration and power amplification circuit.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the concrete internal temperature pick-up unit that the present invention is based on principle of induction comprises interior arrangement and two parts of external device (ED), external device (ED) is exactly the device of concrete outside, comprise first coil 5, analog processing circuit 6, a CPU 7 and communication interface 8, be mainly used to receive the data of interior arrangement and will communicate by letter with PC after the data decode and provide energy for interior arrangement; Interior arrangement is exactly the part that is cast in inside concrete, comprise temperature sensor 1, the 2nd CPU 2, modulation circuit 3, second coil 4, be mainly used to receive and handle the temperature information of inside concrete, and this information is encoded to the signal that external device (ED) can discern launches by second coil 4.
Wherein, temperature sensor 1 is used to detect its temperature on every side, and temperature signal is converted into digital signal, and the worker consumes low, and operating voltage range is wide, and working current is lower than 70 microamperes, and sleep mode is arranged, so that further reduce power consumption.Temperature sensor 1 passes through I with the digital signal of detected representation temperature
2It is ultra low-power microcontroller that the C bus is passed to the 2nd CPU 2.The method that transmits signal is that single-chip microcomputer sends read command for temperature sensor 1 by bus, the temperature digital information that temperature sensor 1 will have been changed sends to single-chip microcomputer in the mode of serial, and single-chip microcomputer is converted to this serial information in the register of byte form and storage and ultra low-power microcontroller.
The 2nd CPU 2 is a ultra low-power microcontroller, is used to receive the temperature signal that temperature sensor 1 transmits signal is encoded, and adds leading character and verification and termination character, and control triode (metal-oxide-semiconductor or bipolar transistor) carries out load-modulate.Ultra low-power microcontroller sends read command for temperature sensor 1 with serial mode, temperature sensor 1 drives bus with the numerical information output of temperature, the single-chip microcomputer receiving digital signals, and be stored in the internal register, add the communication leading character, the back add verification and and termination character, a pin (perhaps PIN) the control triode (metal-oxide-semiconductor or bipolar transistor) by single-chip microcomputer is modulated, and carries out communication with external device (ED).The clock of ultra low-power microcontroller derives from inductive coil, the strong signal that inductive coil induction obtains on the one hand by after rectification, filtering and the voltage stabilizing as the power supply of single-chip microcomputer, the signal of obtaining alternation from coil by capacitor C 15 and resistance R 12 gives single-chip microcomputer as clock signal on the other hand, reduces cost.
Modulation circuit 3 is used for the ultra low-power microcontroller encoded signals is carried out load-modulate, thereby sends temperature information to external device (ED).Single-chip microcomputer is converted to serial with a frame communication data, control the break-make of outside triode with the high-low level of digital signal, thereby the control with single-chip microcomputer between resonance and disresonance of second coil 4 is changed, and this variation causes the variation of electric current in the external coil, i.e. induction.
The 2nd CPU 2 super low-power consumptions in the interior arrangement; Temperature sensor 1 inside is digital signal and low in energy consumption with analog signal conversion; The power consumption of whole interior arrangement is lower than 400 microwatts, is convenient to increase the distance of first coil 5 and second coil 4.
External device (ED) comprises:
First coil 5 at first produces stronger electromagnetic field and is used to transmit electric energy to second coil 4, is the interior arrangement continued power, produces the driving that stronger electromagnetic field needs analog processing circuit 6; Next voltage, electric current of responding to second coil 4 changes, and receives the modulation signal in second coil 4, and this variable signal is sent into analog processing circuit 6.
Vibration and power amplification circuit 9 are formed feed circuit, are used to produce AC signal, and amplify through power amplification circuit, encourage first coil 5, the output radiofrequency signal.
Analog processing circuit 6 comprises driving, amplitude demodulation, amplification and four parts of comparison.Driving circuit is produced the signal of alternation by oscillator and frequency divider, resonant tank by drive coil and electric capacity after the triode amplification, the electromagnetic wave that resonance produces transmits energy to second coil 4, the induction of signal that changes on second coil 4 is to first coil 5, the more weak amplitude-modulated signal of first coil, 5 stacks, this signal is earlier through behind the amplitude demodulation, get its interchange (variation) part, amplify, obtain digital signal comparing, a single-chip microcomputer i.e. CPU 7 reads this digital signal, and discerns.
The one CPU 7 is used to receive analog processing circuit 6 and handles the digitally encoded signal that obtains, and these signals are decoded, and verification, guarantees that the data that receive are correct, this data-switching is become character style, and be stored in the register, waits for communication request.
Communication interface 8, its effect are to isolate and level conversion, are used to receive request command that PC sends and a CPU 7 transmission information to PC.Isolate to improve the antijamming capability of communication, 485 level transferring chip is converted to the RS485 level with the digital level of 5V, is convenient to a plurality of measuring points networkings, and promptly PC can write down the temperature (multi computer communication) of a plurality of measuring points simultaneously.
The power supply of inside and outside exchanges data of whole device and interior arrangement is all finished by first coil 5 and second the interacting of coil 4, the brass wire diameter of selecting first coil 5 is at 0.08～0.56mm, the number of turn is between 10～70 circles, and the whole winding diameter is between 30～150mm; The brass wire diameter of second coil 4 and coil diameter scope are identical with first coil 5, and its number of turn is between 60～270 circles.Detect demand according to difference, make internal inspection device apart from concrete surface between 10～100mm.The power supply of temperature sensor 1, the 2nd CPU 2 and modulation circuit 3 provides by second coil 4, its data exchange process is: the data of temperature sensor 1 are passed to second coil 4 with information after the 2nd CPU 2 modulation, first coil, 5 inductions simultaneously obtain the signal of second coil 4, and after a CPU 7 demodulation, directly be connected with communication interface 8, pass to outer PC again.
Wherein select suitable temperature sensor according to characteristics such as sensing range, precision, real-times; Because data can not directly be transmitted, can select the suitable data coded system according to systematicness, standard, practicality, extendibility and efficiency etc.; Selecting appropriate C PU from real-time, power consumption, stable equal angles is the data processing single-chip microcomputer, in addition, can adopt the RS485 bus to carry out multiple spot and detect, and so just can make things convenient for the concrete internal temperature that detects roadbed or bridge each point clearly.
Embodiment
According to the distance of circuit required voltage and inside and outside device, the brass wire diameter that can select first coil 5 is 0.40mm, and the number of turn is 50 circles, and coil diameter is 120mm; The brass wire diameter of second coil 4 is 0.40mm, and the number of turn is 80 circles, and coil diameter is 1200mm; According to circuit processing capability in real time and power consumption, the 2nd CPU 2 adopts model PIC12C508/509, and a CPU7 adopts model STC12C5052, selects I according to desired accuracy of detection, power consumption
2C bus temperature sensor TMP275.
The detailed connection of each parts and circuit such as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.
Among Fig. 2, the circuit connecting relation of modulation circuit 3:
Inductive coil (antenna) L2 and capacitor C 11 constitutes shunt-resonant circuits, and radio-frequency sending coil L2 among resonance frequency and Fig. 3 and the series resonance frequency of C13 equate.Induction obtains AC signal in the resonance coil among Fig. 2, this signal passes through D6 on the one hand, D7, the bridge rectifier circuit that D8 and D9 constitute, obtain direct supply, the filtering of process D10 and R8 series connection and capacitor C 18 and C20 again, obtain pressing than galvanic current, R9 and C19, the parallel circuit of C21 and stabilivolt D1 is in series, make supply voltage more stable, the label of this power supply is VCC, this stabilized power source is added to the supply pin (PIN1) of ultra low-power microcontroller, the supply pin of temperature sensor (PIN8), the end of R10 and R11, being respectively the SDA (PIN1) of temperature sensor and SCL (PIN2) provides and draws.The signal that obtains of inductive coil induction is sent into the O1 (PIN2) of U3 (ultra low-power microcontroller) after through R12 and C15 series circuit step-down current limliting on the other hand, for single-chip microcomputer provides clock signal.The A0 of temperature sensor (PIN7), A1 (PIN6), A2 (PIN5) pin be connected to 0V (), the address that makes the I2C bus of temperature sensor is 0, so that temperature information is read in communication.Be added to the gate pole of metal-oxide-semiconductor after the series connection dividing potential drop of the GPIO2 of ultra low-power microcontroller (PIN5) by resistance R 13 and resistance R 7, control its turn-on and turn-off (modulation), resistance R 6 links to each other with the source electrode of triode, plays current limliting, C14 is connected in parallel on output place of bridge rectifier, strobes.
Among Fig. 3, the circuit connecting relation of analog processing circuit 6:
The TH1 of crystal oscillator CR1, C11, C12 and R22, R23 and U4 (PIN11) and/THO (PIN 10) connects and composes oscillator, the output of oscillator through behind the frequency division of U4 by Q5 (PIN 5) output through R17 control Q4 and Q6, signal is carried out power amplification; Amplifying signal is launched strong signal through the resonant circuit of L2 and C13 formation, the load modulation signal of interior arrangement passes to the resonant circuit of L2 and C13 formation on the other hand, resonance potential is controlled, amplitude-modulated signal on the capacitor C 13 is connected with the demodulator circuit that capacitor C 14 constitutes with detector diode through R18, signal that amplitude demodulation goes out is added to the homophase input (PIN 3) of amplifying circuit U6A through the variation that obtains signal after straight of C15, wherein R25 is connected with ground with the anode of diode, work to discharge electric charge among the C14, C16, R28 is connected with ground with homophase input (PIN 3) (variation of restituted signal) of U6A, wherein C16 suppresses the HFS in the signal, play jamproof effect, R28 works to discharge electric charge among the C16.R29 is connected with the anti-phase input and output of U6A, constitute negative-feedback circuit with R27, the size of these two resistance has been determined the enlargement factor of amplifying circuit, and the U6A amplifier amplifies the signal that demodulates, and obtains the bigger signal of amplitude through capacitor C 17 after straight; Add to the homophase input (PIN 5) of U6B after the series connection dividing potential drop of signal through R30 and R33, two pins of R21 are connected with output (PIN 7) with the homophase input (PIN 5) of U6B respectively, constitute positive feedback; R31 is connected with the anti-phase input (PIN 2) of U6B with R32 series connection dividing potential drop, provides comparative voltage to U6B, and R21, U6B, R30, R33, R31 and R32 constitute hysteresis comparator, and comparer output (PIN 7) signal is connected to the P1.2 (PIN 6) of 51 single-chip microcomputers.The P1 mouth of single-chip microcomputer (PIN 12...19) is numbered to slave station as address setting; P3.3 (PIN 7) is connected to the base stage of triode Q3 by R16, and the turn-on and turn-off of control triode drive hummer, as auditory tone cues; P3.4 (PIN 8), P3.5 (PIN9) are connected to light emitting diode D1, D3 by R3 and R2 respectively, point out as light.Whether R1 and D2 series connection display power supply be normal.51 single-chip microcomputer RXD (PIN 2), TXD (PIN 3) and P3.7 (PIN 11) link to each other as scheming with the RS485 module, and A, the B of RS485 module are communication interface, and it and other slave and main frame and at one carry out the master-slave mode communication.
Analyze its workflow from two angles,
NE BY ENERGY TRANSFER: in a single day the electric current in first coil 5 changes, and second coil 4 can be sensed the variation of first coil 5 and produce electric current in second coil 4, obtains the power supply of stable voltage as interior arrangement through the rectifying and wave-filtering voltage stabilizing.
Information is transmitted: temperature sensor 1 detects its environment temperature, and its temperature signal is passed to the 2nd CPU2, and the 2nd CPU 2 receives this signal and with its coding, the data-modulated behind the coding is controlled second coil 4, thereby the electric current and voltage that causes second coil 4 changes.First coil 5 variation of also sensing second coil 4 meanwhile can obtain temperature information with its variation after processing such as decoding.This temperature information passed to PC by bus and draw the curve of temperature variation, so the staff just can observe the temperature and the situation of change thereof of each check point intuitively.
Claims (6)
1. concrete internal temperature pick-up unit based on principle of induction, it is characterized in that, comprise the interior arrangement that is embedded in inside concrete and the external device (ED) of concrete outside, interior arrangement passes through the concrete internal temperature of temperature sensor measurement, and temperature information is sent out, and external device (ED) sends radiofrequency signal and provides energy to interior arrangement, and receive the temperature information that interior arrangement spreads out of, a plurality of external device (ED)s are unified into fieldbus network, and the temperature information of each point is sent to main website
Described interior arrangement comprises
Temperature sensor (1) is used to detect its temperature on every side, and detected temperature information is converted to digital signal, passes through I
2The C bus is passed to the 2nd CPU (2);
The 2nd CPU (2) is used to receive the temperature information that described temperature sensor (1) transmits, and this signal is encoded, and forms a frame data stream, and the port level of control CPU is exported these data and flow to modulation circuit (3);
Modulation circuit (3) is used for the signal behind the above-mentioned coding is carried out load-modulate, i.e. load to second coil (4) changes, and this change is sent to external device (ED) with digital coding,
Second coil (4), the radiofrequency signal of reception external device (ED) provides power supply to interior arrangement; Be subjected to the influence of load-modulate, cause that voltage, electric current change, and send out coded signal;
Described external device (ED) comprises
First coil (5) is used to send radiofrequency signal to interior arrangement, for inside provides energy; Be used to respond to the signal of second coil (4), and the signal of second coil (4) is sent into analog processing circuit (6);
Vibration and power amplification circuit (9) are used to produce AC signal, and amplify through power amplification circuit, encourage first coil (5), the output radiofrequency signal;
Analog processing circuit (6), be used for the signal that above-mentioned second coil (4) is sensed on first coil (5) is carried out amplitude demodulation, and the signal after the demodulation is amplified, and get its variation, turn to digital signal in signal two-value, digital signal is sent into a CPU (7) this variation;
The one CPU (7) receives the digitally encoded signal that analog processing circuit (6) is exported, and this digitally encoded signal is decoded and verification, guarantees that the data that receive are correct; And it is carried out decoding processing obtain temperature information, this temperature information is encoded once more, form frame data, be stored in the register in the CPU, wait for communication request;
Communication interface (8) is isolated and level conversion, is used to receive request command that PC sends and a CPU (7) transmission information to PC, isolates the antijamming capability that improves communication.
2. according to the described pick-up unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that described analog processing circuit (6) comprises driving circuit, amplitude demodulation circuit, amplifying circuit and comparator circuit four parts.
3. according to the described pick-up unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that the brass wire diameter of described first coil (5) is 0.08～0.56mm, the number of turn is 10～70 circles, and the whole winding diameter is 30～150mm.
4. according to the described pick-up unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that the brass wire diameter of described second coil (4) is 0.08～0.56mm, the number of turn is 60～270 circles.
5. according to the described pick-up unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that the power consumption of whole interior arrangement is lower than 400 microwatts.
6. according to the described pick-up unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that described external device (ED) is convenient to write down the temperature of each measuring point by the on-the-spot networking of communication interface (8).
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102045091A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-05-04 | 武汉天喻信息产业股份有限公司 | Short range data transmission device and method based on electromagnetic induction |
| CN102817477B (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2015-05-20 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | Concrete temperature predictive control system and control method of tower drum of cooling tower |
| CN103076837B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-07-16 | 北京交控科技有限公司 | Feedback type control circuit for current output curve of MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) channel in wide temperature scope |
| CN104776933A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-15 | 山东大学 | Concrete temperature recorder based on maturity theory and working method |
| CN109656276B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-11-12 | 深圳市易成自动驾驶技术有限公司 | Automatic driving system working assembly, temperature adjusting method, system and storage medium |
| CN111915881B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2022-09-02 | 西安理工大学 | Small sample traffic flow prediction method based on variational automatic encoder |
| CN113176055B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2023-03-31 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Long-endurance power supply device for concrete stress-strain detection |
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| CN2742510Y (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2005-11-23 | 山东省建设建工（集团）有限责任公司 | Large volume concrete ratio intelligent temperature detector |
| US20060170535A1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2006-08-03 | Sri International | Sensor devices for structural health monitoring |
| CN2852283Y (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2006-12-27 | 陕西省建筑科学研究设计院 | Concrete inner temperature wireless monitoring device |
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| US20060170535A1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2006-08-03 | Sri International | Sensor devices for structural health monitoring |
| WO2004112411A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-23 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Apparatus for detecting environmental conditions for a structure or article |
| CN2742510Y (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2005-11-23 | 山东省建设建工（集团）有限责任公司 | Large volume concrete ratio intelligent temperature detector |
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