CN100463879C - Composite refractory materials of periclase-spinel-lantanum (calcium) zirconate - Google Patents
Composite refractory materials of periclase-spinel-lantanum (calcium) zirconate Download PDFInfo
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- CN100463879C CN100463879C CNB200410046075XA CN200410046075A CN100463879C CN 100463879 C CN100463879 C CN 100463879C CN B200410046075X A CNB200410046075X A CN B200410046075XA CN 200410046075 A CN200410046075 A CN 200410046075A CN 100463879 C CN100463879 C CN 100463879C
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Abstract
A composite refractory is a composite periclase-MgAl spinel material containing lanthanum (calcium) zirconate sosolid. It contains Al2O3, La2O3, ZrO2, CaO, and MyO.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of environmental friendliness basic refractory, this material has excellent fire performance, heat-shock resistance, physical strength and extension kliner coating performance, can be used for the alternative magnesium chrome refractories that produce the chromium public hazards of Industrial Stoves such as cement.
Background technology
Cement kiln is extensive use of magnesia chrome brick as the main body kiln lining.Under high temperature, alkalescence and oxidizing atmosphere, part Cr in the magnesia chrome brick
+ 3Can change into Cr
+ 6, generate R
2CrO
4Deng severe toxicity and carcinogenic hexavalent chromium compound, volatilize and condense in the cold junction of refractory materials.After kiln lining was removed, having chromic residual brick will cause serious pollution to environment.The high valence chrome hydrochlorate can cause skin lesion, respiratory inflammation and mucosal ulcer.As the dust that contains dichromate has very strong hormesis to skin, mucous membrane, even having very slight wound also can experience to infiltrate causes corrosion, thereby festers; Or make the strong people of supersensitivity produce eczema.When sucking dust, can cause that respiratory tract symptom and supersensitivity are roared to kick.Chromate-containing dust very easily is deposited on nasal septum, causes festering and nasal perforation of cartilage position.Chromyl material has hormesis to stomach.As wrongly take, shock, cyanosis, expiratory dyspnea will appear when serious, even phenomenon such as renal failure.Even more serious is that sexavalent chrome also can cause skin carcinoma and lung cancer.
Among the China national ambient quality standard GB3838-88 about the regulation of ground water environment quality: the unit of the highest permission content of Cr+6 is 10
-8The order of magnitude (seeing Table 1).As seen, the residual brick of magnesium chromium will cause very serious pollution to environment.
Table 1 ground environment water is about Cr
+ 6Quality standard
| Classification | I | II | III | IV | V |
| Cr+6 maximum permissible concentration (mg/L) | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.1 |
| The purposes of water | Source water, national natural reserves | Tap water first class of protection district | Tap water second class protection district | The general industry water, with the non-direct contact water of human body | Agricultural water |
For solving the chromium pollution problem of basic refractory, carried out number of research projects over year surplus the scientific worker ten of refractory materials both at home and abroad, but the result is all not very good.The technical scheme that developed country adopts has dolomite brick, contains zirconium white marble brick, third generation spinel brick, the 4th generation spinel brick, contain zirconium white spinel brick, pleonast(e) brick, magnesium zirconia block and low chromium magnesia chrome brick.Table 2 has shown the contrast situation of various Chromeless basic bricks and magnesia chrome brick:
The performance comparison of the various basic bricks of table 2
| The name of an article | MgO ％ | Al 2O 3％ | Cr 2O 3％ | Fe 2O 3％ | CaO ％ | ZrO 2％ | The close g/cm of body 3 | Apparent pore % | 950 ℃ of anti-thermal shocks | The soft T0.6 of lotus | 700 ℃ of thermal conductivitys |
| Air-cooled, inferior | ℃ | W/mk | |||||||||
| Low chromium magnesia chrome brick | 81 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 1.8 | - | 2.99 | 18 | >100 | >1700 | 2.8 |
| Spinel brick | 87 | 12.8 | - | - | 1.8 | - | 2.97 | 17 | >100 | >1700 | 3.8 |
| The 3rd generation spinel brick | 93 | 6.4 | - | - | 1.0 | - | 2.94 | 16 | >100 | >1700 | 4.2 |
| The magnesium zirconia block | 92 | 0.2 | - | - | 0.5 | 7 | 3 | 17 | >100 | >1700 | 3.5 |
| The magnesium grey iron block | 86 | 3 | - | 8 | 1.7 | - | 3.1 | 15 | >100 | >1700 | |
| Dolomite brick 1 | 39 | 0.5 | - | - | 59.2 | - | 2.82 | 16 | >40 | >1700 | 3.1 |
| Dolomite |
48 | 0.5 | - | - | 48.0 | 2 | 2.9 | 15 | >60 | >1700 | 3.5 |
Dolomite brick has good resistivity against fire and hangs kliner coating; But easy aquation, heat-shock resistance is relatively poor.At certain temperature range, the f-CaO in the brick also can with the CO in the kiln gas
2, SO
2Slowly effect generates lime carbonate and calcium sulfate, and producing expands makes material damage.Adopt the aluminium foil vacuum packaging can solve the problem of aquation reluctantly, but reduce void content, adding MgO and ZrO
2All can not fundamentally solve the problem of anti-thermal shock and resistance to acid gas pickling simultaneously Deng measure.The rhombspar material is only applicable to the stable section of cement kiln kliner coating.Cement kiln uses alternative fuel to increase in recent years, and the stability of kliner coating is variation obviously, and the consumption of rhombspar series material subtracts greatly.
The feature of third generation spinel brick is: brick includes two portions spinel.Part MA adds with pre-synthetic particle form; Another part then adds in the aluminum oxide mode, forms MA by reaction in when burning till.Because of there being the coarse grain of MA, can forming tiny crack and improve heat-shock resistance; Because of there being MA in the matrix, thermal conductivity is lowered, and hangs kliner coating and also makes moderate progress.The 3rd generation spinel brick obtained heat-shock resistance preferably with lower aluminum oxide volume, reduced the aluminium mineral material that produces when weathering, can be reluctantly as the material of main part of clinkering zone, but the extension kliner coating is poor.
The 4th generation spinel brick feature be: replaced coarse grain spinel in the third generation product with electric melting magnesium aluminum spinel.The anti-erosion of electric smelting spinel is better than the sintering spinel, and resistance to fouling and extension kliner coating make moderate progress, but still unresolved essential problem.After adding zirconium white, the heat-shock resistance and the heat-proof quality of spinel brick all are greatly improved, and do not have remarkable improvement but hang the kliner coating performance.
The major advantage of pleonast(e) brick is a low price, but high thermal resistance, resistance to fouling and anti-oxidant reducing property are not good.If can maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, bring into play its advantage characteristics, periclasite hercynite brick can obtain the good life-span at the privileged sites such as the cold zone of thermal regulation stabilize water stall, but can not be used for cement kiln as material of main part.
The magnesium zirconia refractory has good resistance to fouling, heat-shock resistance.Periclasite-calcium zirconate material is hung kliner coating in addition preferably.But this class material must use expensive ZrO in a large number
2, the application of material is restricted, use range is limited to special occasions such as calcining white cement.
Low chromium magnesia chrome brick has replaced a part of magnesia chrome spinel with pleonast(e) and magnesium-aluminium spinel.The resistance to elevated temperatures of low chrome brick obviously reduces, and problem of environment pollution caused does not fundamentally solve yet.
Chromic oxide has three big beneficial effects in the magnesium chrome refractory: 1) solid solution increases the wetting angle of the fire-resistant relatively phase of eutectic, thereby improves direct combination degree in periclasite.2) reaction of chromic oxide and magnesium oxide forms the magnesia chrome spinel of low bulk, improves heat-shock resistance; The physical properties difference of periclasite and magnesia chrome spinel can cause tiny crack to form, thereby can further improve heat-shock resistance.3) chromic oxide has the C of stablizing
2The effect of S.C in the cement clinker
3S will with the spinel phase reaction in the refractory materials, can generate a large amount of C at kliner coating near refractory materials
2S.β C
2S is to γ C
214% volume change and very big volumetric stress are followed in the S transformation.If C
2The crystalline phase of S transforms and can not be inhibited, and the kliner coating that the stress that conversion produces will cause sticking to refractory surface collapses.Above-mentioned various advantages makes the magnesium chromia material have good loading amount softening temperature, hot strength, resistance to fouling, thermal shock resistance and hangs kliner coating preferably.Magnesia chrome brick becomes a kind of refractory materials that is widely used thus.
In sum, though chromic oxide produces the serious environmental pollution problem, also also has a lot of benefits for the performance that improves basic refractory.The subject matter of existing non-chromium alkaline refractory materials is surrogate (magnesium-aluminium spinel, zirconium white) and the beneficial effect that not exclusively has chromic oxide.The key of non-chromium alkaline refractory materials success is to seek the surrogate that possesses the chromic oxide advantage fully, makes material possess good high-temperature performance, thermal shock resistance and extension kliner coating simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to study and a kind ofly can stablize C
2S does not influence high-temperature behavior again, even helps improving the additive of material heat-shock resistance, makes a kind of periclasite-magnesium-aluminium spinel-zirconic acid lanthanum (calcium) composite refractory, reduces the adverse reaction product C
2The content of S.
Periclasite-magnesium-aluminium spinel of the present invention-zirconic acid lanthanum (calcium) composite refractory is the periclasite-magnesium-aluminium spinel multiple phase refractory material that contains zirconic acid lanthanum (calcium) sosoloid, and its chemical ingredients is:
Al
2O
3：1.5—5％
La
2O
3：0.5—2.5％
ZrO
2：1—5％
CaO：0.5—2.0％
Other minor component of MgO+: 86-96%
Described magnesium-aluminium spinel granularity 5-1mm, volume is 5-15%, amounts to Al
2O
3Content 1.5-5.0%, wherein, the granularity of magnesium-aluminium spinel is preferably 3-1.25mm, and volume is 5-13%.
β C
2S stability depends on the polarizability of foreign ion.Polarizability is less than Ca
+ 2Or greater than Si
+ 4Ion pair β C
2S has stabilization.Its two, suitably reduce spinel content, increase its granularity, reduce kliner coating and refractory materials reaction product C
2The content of S.The content that is stabilized material reduces will help stable material performance beneficial effect.Non-stabilized harmful substance contents reduces, and its destruction reduces, and hangs kliner coating and will improve.The present invention according to these principle design experiment, the result asks for an interview table 3-4:
The various oxide compounds of table 3 are hung the influence of kliner coating to basic brick
| Al 2O 3 | ZrO 2 | TiO 2 | Fe 2O 3 | BaCO 3 | CeO 2 | La 2O 3 | 1470 ℃ * 4H hangs kliner coating experiment score value |
| 3.0 3.0 | 0.0 3.0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 0 0 | 2.5 2.0 |
| 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 | 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 | 2.0 0 0 0 | 0 0.5 0 0 | 0 0 1.3 0 | 0 0 0 1.0 | 0 0 0 0 | 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 |
| 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 | 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 | 2.0 2.3 2.5 3.5 4.2 4.2 |
Annotate: hang the kliner coating score value and be divided into 0-5 fens: magnesia chrome brick 4-5 minutes; Third generation spinel brick (being stained with easily) 3.0 minutes; Being stained with big portion fell down 2.0 fens; Be stained with efflorescence＜1 minute; Vestige 0 minute does not fully bond.
Table 4 spinel granularity, volume are to hanging kliner coating Effect on Performance (all adding zirconium white)
| The spinel granularity | The spinel volume | La 2O 3 | Hang the kliner coating score value |
| 1~0.1 1~0.3 1~0.7 | 7 7 7 | 0 0 0 | 1.0 1.2 1.3 |
| 3~1.3 | 7 | 0 | 2.5 |
| 3~1.3 3~1.3 3~1.3 | 7 10 13 | 1.5 1.5 1.5 | 3.8 3.5 3.1 |
From table 3-4 as can be known: after Mg-Al spinel brick adds zirconium white, titanium oxide, ferric oxide, Yangization Barium, cerium oxide, hang kliner coating and all greatly descend.After adding lanthanum trioxide and zirconium white simultaneously, hang kliner coating and then greatly improve.Effective volume scope of lanthanum trioxide is 0.5-2.5%.Control spinel granularity〉1.3mm, content＜13% (is amounted to Al
2O
3＜5%), also helps improving extension kliner coating performance.
Description of drawings
Figure of description 1 and accompanying drawing 2 are the electronic energy spectrum of zirconic acid lanthanum (calcium) sosoloid.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Use 5-1mmm magnesia 50%, 1-0.088mm magnesia 10%,＜0.088mm magnesia 29.3%, 3-1.25mm magnesium-aluminium spinel 5%, zirconium white 4%, lanthanum trioxide 0.7%, lime carbonate 1% preparation brickmaking material, the content of magnesia of magnesia is 98%, and the Chemical Composition of magnesium-aluminium spinel is magnesium oxide 30%, aluminum oxide 70%.Calcareous spent pulping liquor mixes this material through cooperating, adding, die mould, drying and 1700 ℃ make refractory materials after burning till.
The performance of material is after testing: volume density 3.07g/cm
3, apparent porosity 13.9%, compressive strength 59MPa, folding strength 11MPa refractoriness under load T
0.61700 ℃, 3 folding strength conservation rates 82% of 1100 ℃ of air blast coolings, hang the kliner coating grade〉4.0.
Embodiment 2:
Use 5-1mmm magnesia 50%, 1-0.088mm magnesia 10%,＜0.088mm magnesia 25%, 3-1.25mm magnesium-aluminium spinel 12%, zirconium white 1%, lanthanum trioxide 2% preparation brickmaking material.The content of magnesia of magnesia is 98%, and the Chemical Composition of magnesium-aluminium spinel is magnesium oxide 30%, aluminum oxide 70%.Calcareous spent pulping liquor mixes this material through cooperating, adding, die mould, drying and 1780 ℃ make refractory materials after burning till.
The performance of material is after testing: volume density 3.04g/cm
3, apparent porosity 14.9%, compressive strength 75MPa, folding strength 9MPa refractoriness under load T
0.61700 ℃, 3 folding strength conservation rates 100% of 1100 ℃ of air blast coolings, hang the kliner coating grade〉4.0.
Sample is carried out electron microscope detect the back discovery: the new mineral that form are dystectic zirconic acid lanthanum calcium sosoloid.The electronic energy spectrum of zirconic acid lanthanum (calcium) sosoloid is seen Figure of description 1 and accompanying drawing 2.Clearly, zirconic acid lanthanum calcium is at high temperature reacted by the CaO in the zirconium white, lanthanum trioxide and the raw material that add and forms.Magnesium-aluminium spinel has improved the heat-shock resistance of material.Zirconic acid lanthanum calcium has further improved the heat-shock resistance of material, and absorbs impurities in raw materials CaO and improved high thermal resistance, has also significantly strengthened the extension kliner coating by introducing lanthanum trioxide.Therefore, magnesium-aluminium spinel-zirconic acid lanthanum possesses all advantages of magnesia chrome spinel.Magnalium zirconium lanthanum fire resistant materials can have excellent fire performance, heat-shock resistance, physical strength and extension kliner coating performance simultaneously, becomes the ideal product that replaces producing chromium public hazards magnesium chrome refractory.
Claims (2)
1. periclasite-magnesium-aluminium spinel-zirconic acid lanthanum (calcium) composite refractory, it is characterized in that: described refractory materials is the periclasite-magnesium-aluminium spinel multiple phase refractory material that contains zirconic acid lanthanum (calcium) Solid solution, and its Chemical Composition is:
Al
2O
3：1.5—5％
La
2O
3：0.5—2.5％
ZrO
2：1—5％
CaO：0.5—2.0％
Other micro-components of MgO+: 86-96%
Described magnesium-aluminium spinel granularity is 5-1mm, and volume is 5-15%, amounts to Al
2O
3Content 1.5-5.0%.
2. periclasite-magnesium-aluminium spinel according to claim 1-zirconic acid lanthanum (calcium) composite refractory, it is characterized in that: described magnesium-aluminium spinel granularity is 3-1.25mm, volume is 5-13%.
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Assignee: Henan Ruitai Refractory Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Ruitai Technology Co., Ltd. Contract fulfillment period: 2009.4.21 to 2019.4.20 contract change Contract record no.: 2009410000083 Denomination of invention: Composite refractory materials of periclase-spinel-lantanum (calcium) zirconate Granted publication date: 20090225 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.5.5 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2009.4.21 TO 2019.4.20; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: HENAN RUITAI REFRACTORY MATERIAL SCIENCE CO., LTD. Effective date: 20090505 |