CN100461871C - Mobile positiong method used for raising precision of defining mobile station position - Google Patents

Abstract

The method divides service cell into blocks and where MS is located can be confirmed according to CGI when MS location needs to be positioned. According to TA, the belt or ring that MS is located can be confirmed and path losses of BTS fo r each adjacent cell and MS can be derivated out with adjacent cell measuring level reported by MS. According to principle that path loss is increased following with distance increase, block region which is located with MS can be confirmed by ranking and comparing algorithm.

Description

A kind of location method that is used to improve definite location of mobile station precision

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of definite MS (Mobile Station that is used to improve, travelling carriage) location method of positional precision, relate in particular in the digital cellular mobile communcations system, be used to improve the location method of determining the location of mobile station precision, be specifically related to realize the raising of mobile station positioning accuracy by the measured power level that reports neighbor cell base station of travelling carriage in the Serving cell in the digital cellular mobile communication systems.

Background technology

Since Bell Laboratory proposed the honeycomb notion in mobile communication after, the cellular mobile communication development speed was very fast, and particularly digital mobile cellular telecommunication is particularly outstanding.The later stage nineties 20th century, GSM (Global System for Mobile communication, Global Link) digital cellular mobile communication systems and narrowband CDMA (Code Division Multiplex Access, code division multiple access) cell mobile communication systems is used widely in the world.

Need to set up many sub-districts in the cell mobile communication systems, the sub-district generally can be divided into omni cell and directional cell, and directional cell can be divided into several sectors according to actual conditions.In the sector of each omni cell and each directional cell a BTS (Base Transceiver Station, base transceiver station) is arranged all, it be responsible for and this sub-district in the user communicate.There is a unique identification code each sub-district, transmitting power, the transmitting power of travelling carriage, the antenna height of the big or small general and base transceiver station of coverage radius of cell, and system is relevant in the factors such as maximum delay that wave point allows.

In the cell mobile communication systems, each user only and the BTS of Serving cell carry out two-way communication, and generally can measure the high power level of several neighbor cell BTS, report the BTS of this sub-district, referring to Fig. 1.

Gsm system is an extremely successful cellular digital mobile communication system, and its unique advantage is arranged.In gsm system, localization method mainly contains 4 kinds: CGI (Cell Global Identity, cell global identity)+TA (Timing Advance, Timing Advance), E-OTD (Enhanced ObservedTime Difference strengthens observed time difference), UL-TOA (UpLink Time of Arrival, the up time of advent) and A-GPS (Assisted Global Positioning System, agps system).In these four kinds of localization methods, the CGI+TA method realizes simpler, and MS is not as any change, but its positioning accuracy is lower, and E-OTD localization method precision increases, but needs the software of upgrading MS, also need to increase some LMU (Location Measurement Unit, Location Measurement Unit).UL-TOA localization method ratio of precision CGI+TA localization method increases, but need increase the LMU unit at each base station location, has increased network cost greatly.A-GPS localization method precision is the highest, but needs the software and hardware of upgrading MS, and network also needs to increase the gps satellite grounded receiving station.

Each cellular cell of the whole world has a unique cell ID CGI.TA is by base station measurement, (TA) sends data to be used to notify the mobile subscriber to shift to an earlier date a period of time, make and arrive the receive window that data just in time fall into the base station, the purpose of using TA is in order to deduct the transmission time time delay between base station and the mobile subscriber, therefore utilizes TA can estimate distance between MS and the BTS.TA bitwise, 1 bit is equivalent to 550 meters distance.Therefore the location method ratio of precision of CGI+TA is lower.If radius of society is less than 550 meters, positioning accuracy is the radius of society size, referring to Fig. 2 (a) and (b).If radius of society is greater than 550 meters, positioning accuracy is about 550 meters, referring to Fig. 3 (a) and (b).

Because CGI+TA location method precision is lower, has limited carrying out of a lot of positioning services.In 3G and cdma system, the positioning accuracy of similar localization method also is restricted equally.In United States Patent (USP) " Method and system for determining position of mobile radioterminals, 6,009,334, September 11,2001 ", the position of calculating MS with the time of advent of measuring-signal.Utilize the position that arrives Time Calculation MS, system or MS need do bigger change, and be therefore comparatively complicated.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the existing lower shortcoming of CGI+TA location method positioning accuracy, when keeping CGI+TA location method advantage, the neighboring cell measurement reporting that utilizes MS to report, the positioning accuracy of raising MS.(illustrate: this saying of positioning accuracy itself has just contained the meaning of positional precision, so needn't add " position " again)

The present invention utilizes the power level measurement value of the neighbor cell base station that MS reports on similar CGI+TA location method basis, calculate the position of MS in Serving cell.

The measurement report information that the present invention has utilized MS to report needn't be introduced special measuring unit, therefore realizes simpler.

The present invention is according to the CGI and the TA of Serving cell, utilizes the power level of several neighbor cell base station that MS reports, the position of calculating MS at network side.

According to prior art as can be known: when radio wave is propagated, do not produce reflection, phenomenons such as refraction scattering, diffraction and absorption in free space, only have the decay that causes because of diffusion.So, its basic transmission loss L _fCan calculate by following formula:

L _f＝32.5+20 log f+20 log d

In the formula, f is the carrier frequency frequency, and d is a distance between the dual-mode antenna.The transmission path loss that this shows free space increases with the increase of carrier frequency, transmission range.

Wireless signal needs to consider the influence of factors such as multipath fading, shade area in the transmission course of reality, mode is comparatively complicated.Actual model commonly used has the Okumura-Hata model, COST-231 model or the like.

The propagation loss of Okumura-Hata model is:

L _{The b city}=69.55+26.16lg f-13.82lg h _b-a (h _m)+(44.9-6.55lg h _b) (lg d) ^γ

In the formula, f is the carrier frequency frequency, and d is a distance between the dual-mode antenna, L _{The b city}Be basic median propagation loss, h _b, h _mBe base station, mobile portable antennas effective depth.

The propagation loss of COST-231 model is:

L _{The b city}=46.3+33.9lg f-13.82lg h _b-a (h _m)+(44.9-6.55lg h _b) (lg d) ^γ

In the formula, f is the carrier frequency frequency, and d is a distance between the dual-mode antenna, L _{The b city}Be basic median propagation loss, h _b, h _mBe base station, mobile portable antennas effective depth.

From above mode as can be seen, transmission path loss increases with the increase of carrier frequency frequency, transmission range, increasing and reduce with base station and mobile portable antennas height.

For each BTS, its EIRP (Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power, effective homogeneity radiant power) is:

The gain of EIRP=antenna for base station input power+antenna for base station

If the measurable neighbor cell of MS has M, wherein to measure the received power of j neighbor cell be Pr (j) to MS, and the ERP of j neighbor cell is EIRP (j), and then the BTS of j neighbor cell (j) to the path loss of MS is:

L(j)＝EIRP(j)-Pr(j)

Basic design of the present invention is: Serving cell is carried out piece divide, when the position of location MS, determine according to CGI MS is in which sub-district.Determine that according to TA MS is in which band or ring, the neighbor cell measurement level that is reported by MS is released the path loss of MS and each neighbor cell BTS then, according to the principle that path loss increases with distance, determine through ordering, comparison algorithm MS is in which piece zone

Also the factor that should consider is: positioning accuracy is relevant with the size that piece is divided, and piece is divided too small also meaninglessly, and with reference to the positioning accuracy of present other localization method, the monolateral length of side of piece generally is not less than 100 meters.

Path loss is relevant with transmission environment, so increases envirment factor σ among the present invention.Determine the size of envirment factor according to the transmission path situation between MS and the neighbor cell BTS, the influence of deduction transmission environment from path loss.Transmission path between MS and the neighbor cell BTS can be divided into several classes according to actual conditions, as seriously block, block, lessly block, urban environment, suburban environment, mountain area environment or the like, the value of envirment factor σ is obtained by actual test statistics.The situation of blocking is serious more, and the σ value is big more, σ〉0.

It is less that the frequency of MS reception of neighboring cell generally differs, and according to Okumura-Hata model and COST-231 model, owing to the different path loss conversion ratios that cause of receive frequency are less, therefore can ignore its influence.

Base station antenna height is hb (j), and corresponding path loss is Lb (j)=-13.82 log hb (j).

As mentioned above, the present invention is achieved in that

A kind of being used to improved the location method of determining the location of mobile station precision, it is characterized in that this method comprises pretreatment stage and positioning stage;

Described pretreatment stage further comprises:

Serving cell to MS carries out the piece division;

Calculate the distance of each piece center to each neighbor cell base station transceiver station BTS;

Structure L * M rank matrix B: each distance value to each piece sorts from small to large respectively, adopts basic station number to replace the base transceiver station BTS of each distance value correspondence then,, obtain L * M rank matrix B; Wherein, L refers to the piece number divided, and M refers to the sum of the neighbor cell base station transceiver station BTS of reporting measurement value;

Whether judgment matrix exists mutually the colleague, if there is k capable identical then get the first three items DP of every row in the M column distance respectively _I1, DP _I2, DP _I3, calculate λ (k): λ (k)=[lg (DP by following formula _I1/ DP _I2)]/[lg (DP _I2/ DP _I3)], k=0 ..., K,

Otherwise enter next step;

Determine the envirment factor of transmission environment: σ (j) according to the transmission path situation of sub-district MS and each adjacent base station transceiver station BTS; J=1,2 ..., M, wherein M is the neighbor cell number;

Calculate the loss that the neighbor cell base station antenna height causes;

Calculate the EIRP of each neighbor cell base station.

Described positioning stage further comprises:

Calculate the path loss of MS, again the path loss that the path loss of deduction neighbor cell antenna height correspondence and environment cause from this path loss to each neighbor cell base station transceiver station BTS;

Path loss behind this deduction by from small to large sequence arrangement, and number is represented with relevant base station; Calculate the root-mean-square value of the path loss behind this deduction;

Calculate each path loss behind this deduction and the value of delta of path loss root-mean-square value _t(j); J=1,2 ..., M, wherein M is the neighbor cell number;

The root mean square difference is offset, and negate: δ _M=-[δ _t(j)-δ _t(M)];

Theoretical value λ (k) with the neighbor cell power level measurement value that respectively reports and each piece compares, and chooses maximum from each comparison value;

Judge to have or not identical maximum, and if had calculating path loss difference than the γ value, ask | λ (k)-γ |, and get minimum value determining the MS position, otherwise directly determine the MS position.

Described in order accurately to locate the position of MS, MS need report the power level measurement value of 3 neighbor cell base station at least.

The monolateral length of side of described division is not less than 100 meters.

Describedly Serving cell is carried out piece divide and further to comprise:

If radius of society then is divided into piece to microzonation less than the suitable distance value of 1 bit TA;

If radius of society greater than the suitable distance value of 1 bit TA, can be divided into X band or ring according to TA, X=0,1 ..., the distance of coverage radius of cell/1bitTA correspondence.

The basic station number of correspondence when described basic station number adopts the described L of obtaining of binary coding representation * each piece of line display of M rank matrix and the distance of each neighbor cell base station to press sort ascending, row sum expression MS reports the sum of neighbor cell base station.

When described matrix has the K line ordering identical, then get respectively in the M column distance, first three items is calculated λ (k).

Transmission path situation according to sub-district and each adjacent base station is determined envirment factor σ (j), j=1, and 2 ..., M.

Described transmission path situation is meant seriously blocks or generally blocks or less blocking or urban environment or suburban environment or mountain area environment,

The value of described envirment factor σ is obtained by actual test statistics, and the situation of blocking is serious more, and envirment factor σ is big more, σ〉0.

Described positioning stage according to the position that the neighbor cell power level that reports calculates MS, whenever reports the one-shot measurement report to the measurement report of determining the incoming level that comprises neighbor cell that reports according to some cycles of MS, then calculates the MS position one time.

Path loss after the described ordering adopts 1 * Metzler matrix to represent.

On the position of described each path loss, adopt corresponding neighbor cell base station number to represent, obtain 1 * M rank matrix N _t

Described The data matrix notation Φ t=(δ after the root mean square difference is offset ₁, δ ₂..., δ _M);

Describedly from each comparison value, choose maximum and further comprise:

To matrix N _tCarry out and computing with every row of matrix B, obtain Matrix C;

Compute matrix C and matrix

Product,

Be Φ _tTransposed matrix, obtain matrix D;

Ask maximum in the matrix D, i.e. MS place piece in the corresponding blocks sub-district.

Describedly from each comparison value, choose maximum, two or more identical maximums arranged, then carry out following computing:

γ＝(l ₁-l ₂)/(l ₂-l ₃)

γ is that path-loss difference value ratio and theoretical value λ (k) compare, and determines the MS position.

min{|λ(1)-γ|，|λ(2)-γ|，......，|λ(k)-γ|}

The piece of minimum value correspondence is exactly a MS place piece.

When needing continuously location MS, after next received the measurement report of MS constantly, the resetting stage can realize.

Adopt the method for the invention, do not need to change network equipment, do not need to increase new measuring unit, the measurement report that utilizes existing MS to report calculates the MS position, compared with prior art, has improved the locating accuracy of travelling carriage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that MS and Serving cell BTS and neighbor cell BTS position concern schematic diagram,

Fig. 2 (a) is gsm system directional cell figure,

Fig. 2 (b) is gsm system omni cell figure,

Fig. 3 (a) is gsm system directional cell figure,

Fig. 3 (b) is gsm system omni cell figure,

Fig. 4 (a) is cellular system directional cell figure,

Fig. 4 (b) is cellular system omni cell figure,

Fig. 5 (a) is cellular system directional cell figure,

Fig. 5 (b) is cellular system omni cell figure,

Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the inventive method pretreatment stage,

Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the inventive method positioning stage,

Fig. 8 is the piece division figure of sub-district in one embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1: the BTS of MS and Serving cell carries out normal two-way communication, and transmitting of reception of neighboring cell BTS1～BTS4 measured their power level simultaneously, reports the BTS of Serving cell by the measurement report mode.

Shown in Fig. 2 (a): radius of society is less than 550 meters, i.e. TA=0.

Shown in Fig. 2 (b): radius of society is less than 550 meters, i.e. TA=0.

Shown in Fig. 3 (a): radius of society is greater than 550 meters, and promptly 0≤TA≤63,1 bits are equivalent to 550 meters.When TA equaled certain and is not equal to zero numerical value, MS was positioned at a belt-like zone.

Shown in Fig. 3 (b): radius of society is greater than 550 meters, and promptly 0≤TA≤63,1 bits are equivalent to 550 meters.When TA equaled certain and is not equal to zero numerical value, MS was positioned at an annular section.

Shown in Fig. 4 (a): radius of society is less than the suitable distance of 1 bit TA, i.e. TA=0.This microzonation is divided into L piece, as A, B, C, D, so that location MS is in which piece.

Shown in Fig. 4 (b): radius of society is less than the suitable distance of 1 bit TA, i.e. TA=0.This microzonation is divided into L piece, as A, B, C, D, so that location MS is in which piece.

Shown in Fig. 5 (a): radius of society is greater than the suitable distance of 1 bit TA, the TA value of the maximum that 0≤TA≤system allows.When MS was positioned at the TA=0 zone, situation was identical with Fig. 4 (a); When TA equaled certain value, MS was positioned at a belt-like zone, and this belt-like zone is divided into L piece, and as L=6, i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F are so that determine MS is in which piece.

Shown in Fig. 5 (b): radius of society is greater than the suitable distance of 1 bit TA, the TA value of the maximum that 0≤TA≤system allows.When MS was positioned at the TA=0 zone, situation was identical with Fig. 4 (b); When TA equaled certain value, MS was positioned at an annular section, and this annular section is divided into L piece, and as L=12, i.e. A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L are so that determine MS is in which piece.

As shown in Figure 6: Serving cell is carried out piece divide, referring to Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b), Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b).Get the center of each piece, calculate the distance of each piece center then, by the incremental order ordering to each neighbor cell BTS, remove the distance of the unmeasured neighbor cell BTS of MS correspondence, use each neighbor cell base station alternative distances again,, then need calculate λ (k) value if there are several row identical.Measure, add up interior each band shape of Serving cell or annular section envirment factor to each neighbor cell BTS.Calculate the path loss values of each neighbor cell base station antenna height correspondence.Calculate the EIRP value of each neighbor cell BTS.

As shown in Figure 7: at first be the flow process of pretreatment stage, as shown in Figure 6.The neighbor cell launching electrical level calculating path loss of measuring then, the path loss that the path loss of deduction neighbor cell antenna height correspondence and environment cause from this path loss again according to MS.This group path loss is sorted by order from small to large, the path loss after the ordering is adopted respective base station number expression.Ask the root-mean-square value of path loss.Ask the path loss after the ordering and the difference of path loss root-mean-square value, and with maximum difference this group difference is carried out negative bias and move, then to this group difference negate after the skew, with the removal negative sign.Each piece has the many groups of theoretical values that sorted to the distance of neighbor cell BTS in the sub-district, obtain the one group ordering of MS according to the path loss of calculating to each BTS distance, actual value and each group theoretical value are compared, because distance is corresponding to the base station of a neighbor cell, each base station be to should there being a sign, thus actual specific than the time use basic station number, adopt " with " method, if the theoretical value on the same position is the same with actual value, then comparative result is 1, otherwise is 0.To " with " after the result adopt weighting, summation, from the summation after the result take out maximum, pairing of this position is exactly the zone at MS place.If several identical maximums are arranged, then need calculate the γ value, to get the absolute value of λ (k)-γ, and therefrom choose minimum value, the piece of this minimum value correspondence is exactly the zone at MS place.

As shown in Figure 8: the sub-district is a directional cell in the gsm system among the figure, and the belt-like zone of determining according to TA is divided into 6 pieces, i.e. A ₅₁, A ₅₂, A ₅₃, A ₅₄, A ₅₅And A ₅₆

Location method of the present invention at first is a pretreatment stage, and concrete steps are as follows, referring to Fig. 6.The first step is carried out piecemeal to each sub-district and is divided, referring to Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b), Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b).For certain sub-district A, can be divided into X band or ring according to TA, X=0,1 ..., the distance of coverage radius of cell/1bitTA correspondence.

Suppose that wherein certain band or ring can be divided into L piece zonule, i.e. A _X1, A _X2..., A _XL

In second step, suppose that sub-district A has Y neighbor cell.Calculate the distance of the center of each piece to each neighbor cell base station.

A _X1：D ₁₁，D ₁₂，...，D _1Y，

A _X2：D ₂₁，D ₂₂，...，D _2Y，

... ...

A _XL：D _L1，D _L2，...，D _LY，

In proper order above result calculated is sorted from small to large according to distance.

A _X1：DP ₁₁，DP ₁₂，...，DP _1Y，

A _X2：DP ₂₁，DP ₂₂，...，DP _2Y，

... ...

A _XL：DP _L1，DP _L2，...，DP _LY，

Suppose that MS can report the measurement power level of M neighbor cell.If M＜Y then removes the pairing distance of neighbor cell base station that MS does not measure, reports from above-mentioned formation.

A _X1：DP ₁₁，DP ₁₂，...，DP _1M，

A _X2：DP ₂₁，DP ₂₂，...，DP _2M，

A _XL：DP _L1，DP _L2，...，DP _LM，

If M=Y, then queue length is constant.

The 3rd step, distance after the ordering identifies with corresponding basic station number, the base station number can be used binary coding, matrix notation can be used in base station after the ordering, the basic station number of correspondence when the distance of each piece of line display and each neighbor cell BTS is pressed sort ascending, row sum expression MS reports the sum of neighbor cell base station.

$B=\left(\begin{array}{cccc}{b}_{11}& b_{12}& \·\·\·& b_{1M}\\ b_{21}& b_{22}& \·\·\·& b_{2M}\\ \·\·\·& \·\·\·& \·\·\·& \·\·\·\\ b_{L1}& b_{L2}& \·\·\·& b_{\mathrm{LM}}\end{array}\right)$

If there is the capable ordering of K identical, then get in the M column distance first three items DP of every row respectively _I1, DP _I2, DP _I3Carry out following computing:

λ(k)＝[lg(DP _i1/DP _i2)]/[lg(DP _i2/DP _i3)]，k＝0，Λ，K

λ (k) is a theoretical parameter, is used for comparing with measurement data parameters calculated γ, to determine the position at MS place.

The 4th step, determine envirment factor numerical value σ (j) according to the transmission path situation of sub-district and each adjacent base station, j=1,2 ..., M.

The 5th goes on foot, and calculates the path loss Lb (j) of each adjacent base station antenna height correspondence, j=1, and 2 ..., M.

The 6th one, calculate the EIRP (j) of each adjacent base station.

MS comprises the incoming level of neighbor cell according to the some cycles reporting measurement reports in the measurement report, according to the position that the neighbor cell power level that reports calculates MS, whenever report the one-shot measurement report, then calculates the MS position one time.Be below t constantly, t=1,2 ..., T ..., receive the measurement report that MS reports after, calculate the step in MS location positioning stage, referring to Fig. 7.

The first step, the calculating path loss.

This step can comprise the following steps again

1. the measurement report Prt (j) that reports according to MS calculates the path loss Lt (j) of MS to each neighbor cell base station.

Lt(j)＝EIRP(j)-Prt(j)，j＝1，2，...，M

2. calculate the path loss Ldt (j) of Lt (j) deduction neighbor cell base station antenna height correspondence

Ldt(j)＝Lt(j)-Lb(j)，j＝1，2，...，M

3. the influence value LLt (j) of computing environment factor pair path loss

LLt(j)＝Ldt(j)-σ(j)，j＝1，2，...，M

Second step, LLt (j) is sorted by from small to large order, the path loss after the ordering adopts 1 * Metzler matrix to represent.

LL＝(l ₁，l ₂，...，l _M)

For the LL matrix, on the position of each path loss, adopt corresponding neighbor cell base station number to identify, obtain 1 * M rank matrix N t.

Nt＝(n ₁，n ₂，...，n _M)

The 3rd goes on foot, and asks the root-mean-square value LLt of path loss.

$\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{LLt}}=\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{LL}}^{2}t\left(1\right)+{\mathrm{LL}}^{2}t\left(2\right)+...+{\mathrm{LL}}^{2}t\left(M\right)}{M}}$

The 4th goes on foot, and asks the difference of the root-mean-square value of each path loss and path loss.

δ _i(j)＝l _j-LLt，j＝1，2，...，M

The 5th step is with δ _i(M) be the basis, to δ _i(M) be offset, promptly get

-[δ _i(j)-δ _i(M)]

The data matrix form after the skew is represented:

Φt＝(δ ₁，δ ₂，...，δ _M)

δ wherein _MItem is zero.

The 6th step, maximizing.

This step can comprise the following steps: again

1. to matrix N _iCarry out and computing with every row of matrix B, if correspondence position n _j=b _Ij, then this position with after the result equal 1, otherwise equal 0.

2. ask Matrix C and matrix

Product,

Be Φ _tTransposed matrix.

$D={\mathrm{C\Φ}}_t^T=\left(\begin{array}{cccc}{c}_{11}& c_{12}& \·\·\·& c_{1M}\\ c_{21}& c_{22}& \·\·\·& c_{2M}\\ \·\·\·& \·\·\·& \·\·\·& \·\·\·\\ c_{L1}& c_{L2}& \·\·\·& c_{\mathrm{LM}}\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\δ}}_1\\ {\mathrm{\δ}}_2\\ \·\·\·\\ {\mathrm{\δ}}_M\end{array}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{c}{d}_1\\ d_2\\ \·\·\·\\ d_L\end{array}\right)$

3. ask d maximum among the D _i

d _i＝max{d ₁，d ₂，...，d _L}

d _iPairing regional A _{Xi, i=1,2 ..., L}It is exactly the MS region.

If two or more identical maximums are arranged, then carry out following computing:

γ＝(l ₁-l ₂)/(l ₂-l ₃)

γ is that path-loss difference value ratio and theoretical value λ (k) compare, and determines the MS position.

min{|λ(1)-γ|，|λ(2)-γ|，......，|λ(k)-γ|}

The piece zone A of minimum value correspondence _{Xi, i=1,2 ..., L}It is exactly the MS region.

Locate MS if desired continuously, after t+1 receives the MS measurement report constantly, repeat the position of definite MS of six step of the first step to the.

Illustrate the application of the present invention in gsm system below.

In the gsm system, being located at has a directed sub-district under the suburban environment, and coverage radius of cell is 4 kilometers, and 5 neighbor cells are arranged on every side.MS in this sub-district can measure the transmitting power of 5 neighbor cell base station, and the sign of neighbor cell base station BTS1～BTS5 is respectively: 000001,000010,000011,000110,000111.The height of neighbor cell base station antenna corresponds to: 51 meters, and 62 meters, 50 meters, 45 meters, 55 meters.The EIRP of neighbor cell base station corresponds to: 55dBm, 54dBm, 55dBm, 56dBm, 55dBm.If the envirment factor under this environment is identical, value is-20dBm.In the MS reporting measurement reports, TA=5, Pr (1)=-82dBm, Pr (2)=-88dBm, Pr (1)=-93dBm, Pr (1)=-90dBm, Pr (1)=-95dBm.

Can determine that according to the TA value the residing position of MS is between 2750 meters～3300 meters, is divided into 6 to this belt-like zone, A by 1000 meters * 275 meters sizes on the footpath, sub-district ₅₁～A ₅₆, referring to Fig. 8.Calculate the distance of each piece central point, obtain to neighbor cell BTS1～BTS5:

A 51Distance	4025 meters	4502 meters	6012 meters	5708 meters	6636 meters
						A 52Distance	4186 meters	4357 meters	5776 meters	5614 meters	6575 meters
A 53Distance	4913 meters	5438 meters	5974 meters	5001 meters	5844 meters
						A 54Distance	5037 meters	5322 meters	5732 meters	4887 meters	6013 meters
A 55Distance	6004 meters	6298 meters	6001 meters	4087 meters	4959 meters
						A 56Distance	6167 meters	6185 meters	5753 meters	3855 meters	5118 meters

Above-mentioned distance is sorted from small to large by row,

A 51	4025 meters	4502 meters	5708 meters	6012 meters	6636 meters
						A 52	4186 meters	4357 meters	5614 meters	5776 meters	6575 meters
A 53	4913 meters	5001 meters	5438 meters	5844 meters	5974 meters
						A 54	4887 meters	5037 meters	5322 meters	5732 meters	6013 meters
A 55	4087 meters	4959 meters	6001 meters	6004 meters	6298 meters
						A 56	3855 meters	5118 meters	5753 meters	6167 meters	6185 meters

Adopt basic station number to substitute corresponding distance, and identify with matrix

$B=\left(\begin{array}{ccccc}000001& 000010& 000110& 000011& 000111\\ 000001& 000010& 000110& 000011& 000111\\ 000001& 000110& 000010& 000111& 000011\\ 000110& 000001& 000010& 000011& 000111\\ 000110& 000111& 000011& 000001& 000010\\ 000110& 000111& 000011& 000001& 000010\end{array}\right)$

First row and second row are identical in the B matrix, and fifth line and the 6th row are identical.Calculate λ ₁(k), λ ₂(k):

	k＝1	k＝2
			λ 1(k)	0.47	0.16
λ 2(k)	1.01	2.42

The path loss and the EIRP of adjacent base station antenna height correspondence are:

	BTS1	BTS2	BTS3	BTS4	BTS5
						Lb(dB)	-23.6	-24.8	-23.5	-22.8	-24.1
EIRP (dBm)	55	54	55	56	55

Path loss is:

	BTS1	BTS2	BTS3	BTS4	BTS5
						Lt(dBm)	137	142	148	146	150
Ldt(dBm)	160.6	166.8	171.5	168.8	174.1
						LLt(dBm)	140.6	146.8	151.5	148.8	154.1

LLt (j) sorted from small to large obtains matrix L L:

LL＝(140.6 146.8 148.8 151.5 154.1)

In the LL matrix, substitute corresponding path loss with basic station number and obtain matrix N _t

N _t＝(000001 000010 000110 000011 000111)

The root-mean-square value of path loss is

LLt≈148.4

The difference of the root mean square LLt of path loss LL and path loss

	l 1—LLt	l 2—LLt	l 3—LLt	l 4—LLt	l 5—LLt
						δ 1	-7.8	-1.6	0.4	3.1	5.7

δ _jDeviant be:

-(δ 1-δ 5)

13.5

7.3

5.3

2.6

0

Φ _iMatrix is

Φ _t＝(13.5 7.3 5.3 2.6 0)

Matrix N _tCarry out respectively obtaining Matrix C with every row element of matrix B with computing

$C=\left(\begin{array}{ccccc}1& 1& 1& 1& 1\\ 1& 1& 1& 1& 1\\ 1& 0& 0& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 0& 1& 1\\ 0& 0& 0& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 0& 0& 0\end{array}\right)$

Matrix C and matrix

Product be

$D={\mathrm{C\Φ}}_t^T=\left(\begin{array}{ccccc}1& 1& 1& 1& 1\\ 1& 1& 1& 1& 1\\ 1& 0& 0& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 0& 1& 1\\ 0& 0& 0& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 0& 0& 0\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{c}13.5\\ 7.3\\ 5.3\\ 2.6\\ 0\end{array}\right)=\left(\begin{array}{c}28.7\\ 28.7\\ 13.5\\ 2.6\\ 0\end{array}\right)$

max{28.7，28.7，13.5，2.6，0}＝28.7

Two identical maximums are arranged, corresponding to λ ₁(k), calculate γ

γ＝(140.6-146.8)/(146.8-148.8)＝3.1

min{|λ ₁(1)-γ|，|λ ₁(2)-γ|}＝min{2.63，2.94}＝2.63

Therefore MS is at piece A ₅₁In.

Finished one-time positioning this moment, if also need to continue location MS, then repeats the aforementioned calculation process after obtaining new MS measurement report.

Location of the present invention MS method does not need to calculate the MS signal transmission time, do not need a plurality of base stations, do not need to carry out between the base station synchronously yet, do not need to increase new measuring unit, the neighbor cell base station launching electrical level that only need utilize the MS measurement, reports, and some parameters, as the EIRP value of TA, base station height, adjacent base station and envirment factor etc.Therefore of the present invention comparatively simple in realization.

Claims (14)

1. one kind is used to improve the location method of determining the location of mobile station precision, it is characterized in that this method comprises pretreatment stage and positioning stage;

Described pretreatment stage further comprises:

1.1 the Serving cell to MS carries out the piece division;

1.2 calculate the distance of each piece center to each neighbor cell base station transceiver station BTS;

1.3 structure L * M rank matrix B: each distance value to each piece sorts from small to large respectively, adopts basic station number to replace the base transceiver station BTS of each distance value correspondence then, obtains L * M rank matrix B; Wherein, L refers to the piece number divided, and M refers to the sum of the neighbor cell base station transceiver station BTS of reporting measurement value;

1.4 whether judgment matrix exists mutually the colleague, if there is k capable identical then get the first three items DP of every row in the M column distance respectively _I1, DP _I2, DP _I3,, otherwise then enter next step by following formula theory of computation value λ (k);

λ(k)＝[lg(DP _i1/DP _i2)]/[lg(DP _i2/DP _i3)]，k＝0，…，K

1.5 determine the envirment factor σ (j) of transmission environment according to the transmission path situation of sub-district MS and each adjacent base station transceiver station BTS; J=1,2 ..., M, wherein M is the neighbor cell number;

1.6 calculate the loss that the neighbor cell base station antenna height causes;

1.7 calculate the EIRP of each neighbor cell base station;

Described positioning stage further comprises:

1.8 calculate the path loss of MS to each neighbor cell base station transceiver station BTS, decrease in the path after the path loss that the path loss of deduction neighbor cell antenna height correspondence and environment cause from this path loss obtains deducting again;

1.9 the path loss behind this deduction by from small to large sequence arrangement, and number is represented with relevant base station;

1.10 calculate the root-mean-square value of the path loss behind this deduction;

1.11 calculate each path loss behind this deduction and the value of delta of path loss root-mean-square value _t(j); J=1,

2 ..., M, wherein M is the neighbor cell number;

1.12 the root mean square difference is offset, and negate: δ _M=-[δ _t(j)-δ _t(M)];

1.13 the theoretical value λ (k) with the neighbor cell power level measurement value that respectively reports and each piece compares, and chooses maximum from each comparison value;

1.14 judge to have or not identical maximum, and if had calculating path loss difference than the γ value, ask | λ (k)-γ |, and get minimum value determining the MS position, otherwise then directly determine the MS position.

2. a kind of location method of determining the location of mobile station precision that is used to improve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that describedly in order accurately to locate the position of MS, and MS need report the power level measurement value of 3 neighbor cell base station at least.

3. a kind of being used to as claimed in claim 1 improved the location method of determining the location of mobile station precision, it is characterized in that the monolateral length of side of described division is not less than 100 meters.

4. a kind of location method of determining the location of mobile station precision that is used to improve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that describedly Serving cell is carried out piece dividing and further comprising:

If radius of society then is divided into piece to microzonation less than the suitable distance value of 1 bit TA;

If radius of society greater than the suitable distance value of 1 bit TA, can be divided into X band or ring according to TA, X=0,1 ..., the distance of coverage radius of cell/1bitTA correspondence.

5. a kind of being used to as claimed in claim 1 improved the location method of determining the location of mobile station precision, it is characterized in that described basic station number adopts binary coding representation.

6. a kind of location method of determining the location of mobile station precision that is used to improve as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described transmission path situation is meant seriously blocks or generally blocks or less blocking or urban environment or suburban environment or mountain area environment

7. a kind of being used to as claimed in claim 1 improved the location method of determining the location of mobile station precision, it is characterized in that the value of described envirment factor σ is obtained by actual test statistics, and the situation of blocking is serious more, and envirment factor σ is big more, σ〉0.

8. a kind of location method of determining the location of mobile station precision that is used to improve as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the measurement report of determining the incoming level that comprise neighbor cell that according to some cycles report of described positioning stage to MS, calculate the position of MS according to the neighbor cell power level that reports, whenever report the one-shot measurement report, then calculate the MS position one time.

9. a kind of being used to as claimed in claim 1 improved the location method of determining the location of mobile station precision, it is characterized in that the path loss after the described ordering adopts 1 * Metzler matrix to represent.

10. a kind of location method of determining the location of mobile station precision that is used to improve as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that on the position of described each path loss, adopts corresponding neighbor cell base station number to represent, obtains 1 * M rank matrix N t.

11. a kind of location method of determining the location of mobile station precision that is used to improve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described The data matrix notation Φ t=(δ after the root mean square difference is offset ₁, δ ₂..., δ _M);

12. a kind of being used to as claimed in claim 10 improved the location method of determining the location of mobile station precision, it is characterized in that described step 1.13 further comprises:

To matrix N _tCarry out and computing with every row of matrix B, obtain Matrix C;

Compute matrix C and matrix Product,

Be Φ _tTransposed matrix, obtain matrix D;

Ask maximum in the matrix D, i.e. the piece at the MS place in the respective cell.

13. a kind of location method of determining the location of mobile station precision that is used to improve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that describedly choosing maximum from each comparison value, and two or more identical maximums are arranged, and then carries out following computing:

γ＝(l ₁-l ₂)/(l ₂-l ₃)

γ is that path-loss difference value ratio and theoretical value λ (k) compare, and determines the MS position.

min{|λ(1)-γ|，|λ(2)-γ|，......，|λ(k)-γ|}

Wherein, l ₁, l ₂, l ₃Be path loss, min gets minimum operation, and the piece of minimum value correspondence is exactly a MS place piece.

14. a kind of being used to as claimed in claim 1 improved the location method of determining the location of mobile station precision, when it is characterized in that needs are located MS continuously, after next received the measurement report of MS constantly, the resetting stage can realize.

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