CN100460665C - Common rail having orifice - Google Patents

Common rail having orifice Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100460665C
CN100460665C CNB2007100020895A CN200710002089A CN100460665C CN 100460665 C CN100460665 C CN 100460665C CN B2007100020895 A CNB2007100020895 A CN B2007100020895A CN 200710002089 A CN200710002089 A CN 200710002089A CN 100460665 C CN100460665 C CN 100460665C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pressure
throttle orifice
press fit
lining
intercommunicating pore
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2007100020895A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101004160A (en
Inventor
富永崇
西胁正
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Publication of CN100460665C publication Critical patent/CN100460665C/en
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Abstract

A bush incorporated in a common rail is formed with a smallest diameter orifice having a small inner diameter and an adjacent orifice having an inner diameter larger than that of the smallest diameter orifice on an inner peripheral face of the bush. A press-fitted portion, which is press-fitted into an inside-outside communication hole, and a non-press-fitted portion, which has a smaller outer diameter than the press-fitted portion, are formed on an outer peripheral face of the bush. The smallest diameter orifice and the press-fitted portion are deviated from each other in an axial direction of the bush to prevent an overlap in a radial direction of the bush. Thus, even if the bush is tightly press-fitted into the inside-outside communication hole, decrease of the inner diameter of the smallest diameter orifice can be averted.

Description

Common rail with throttle orifice
Technical field
The present invention relates to be installed in the common rail of the accumulator fuel injection equipment that is used for accumulating fuel under high pressure.
Background technique
The pressure accumulation fuel injection apparatus is known to the internal-combustion engine fuel-supplying unit of diesel engine for example, is used for using pump to from the fuel pressurization of fuel tank suction and by spraying from sparger to the firing chamber of each cylinder of motor fueling.Accumulator fuel injection equipment has the common rail that is used to accumulate the fuel under high pressure of being discharged by fuel feed pump.The fuel under high pressure that accumulator fuel injection equipment will be accumulated in the pressure accumulating chamber of rail altogether is assigned in a plurality of spargers of installing in each cylinder of motor, and the spray-hole that forms from the axial top of sparger injects fuel in the firing chamber of each cylinder of motor.
Shown traditional example of rail altogether among Figure 20.Altogether rail 201 is to be used to accumulate from the high pressure fuel pump pressure accumulation container of the pressure-feed fuel under high pressure of supply pump for example.Rail 201 is formed with the pressure accumulating chamber's (center hole) 223 that is used for accumulating in inside fuel under high pressure altogether.Rail 201 has pipe joint 221 altogether, and pipe joint 221 is formed with outside thread 225 on its outer peripheral surface.Outer tube for example high pressure pump line or gun hose is connected on the outside thread 225.The central part of the outer end of pipe joint 221 is communicated with pressure accumulating chamber 223 by inside and outside intercommunicating pore 224.
Inside and outside intercommunicating pore 224 is formed with the throttle orifice α of the pressure pulsation that is used to reduce pressure pulsation that the spraying with sparger occurs together or occurs together with the pressure conveying operations of high pressure fuel pump.Traditional throttle orifice α is provided with by directly form the hole in the main body 220 (rail body) that is total to rail 201.Because with the relevant restriction of hole formation process, throttle orifice α is formed on the bottom of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 224.As shown in figure 20, throttle orifice α leads to pressure accumulating chamber 223.
Because fuel under high pressure is accumulated in the pressure accumulating chamber 223, so high pressure acts on the inner peripheral surface of pressure accumulating chamber 223.Throttle orifice α opening with minor diameter is on the inner peripheral surface of pressure accumulating chamber 223 and throttle orifice α is crossing with inner peripheral surface simultaneously.Hereinafter, in throttle orifice α and inner peripheral surface intersection, the opening of throttle orifice α is known as cross hole.When cross hole reduced, bigger stress just concentrated on the edge of opening place of cross hole.Therefore, accumulate value (for example, 180MPa or lower) with regard to the relatively low pressure that uses pressure accumulating chamber 223 and in accumulator fuel injection equipment, use rail 201 altogether, and rail 201 has by hole formation process integrally formed throttle orifice α in rail body 220 altogether.
In recent years, in order to improve exhaust feature etc., common rail pressure need be brought up to more than the 180Mpa.Yet because be integrally formed in the common rail 201 of the throttle orifice α in the rail body 220 having by hole formation process, the cross hole of throttle orifice α is very little, so be difficult to guarantee the safety margin relevant with fatigue strength.
In order to guarantee the safety margin relevant with fatigue strength, the common rail 201 that is proposed has independent lining, and this lining separates with rail body 220 and is formed with throttle orifice α replace directly forming throttle orifice α in rail body 220.Lining is press fit into the inside of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 224.Therefore, cross hole just enlarges (for example, described in JP-A-2001-82663 or JP-A-2001-280217).
The conventional art that the lining that will be formed with throttle orifice α is press fit into the inside of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 224 can be press fit into the outer peripheral surface of throttle orifice α inside and outside intercommunicating pore 224 inside.So just exist lining to receive the possibility of the pressure reduction between pressure accumulating chamber's 223 internal pressures and the external pressure.Therefore, break away from inside and outside intercommunicating pore 224 in order to prevent lining, lining closely is press fit into the inside of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 224.
Therefore, the possibility that changes of the distortion that just exists the internal diameter of throttle orifice α to be caused by press fit.If the internal diameter of throttle orifice α changes, will upset passing through of designed fuel.Therefore, just exist the injection characteristics of sparger to change and can not carry out the possibility of the injection of design.
The lining that is formed with throttle orifice α is press fit in the inner circumference of outside thread 225 of pipe joint 221.Because lining closely is press fit into the inside of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 224, so the possibility that just exists the outside thread 225 of formation on the pipe joint 221 under the distortion that press fit causes, to be out of shape.If distortion has taken place outside thread 225, cause the possibility of fault when so existing the pipe nut precession that each outer tube is fixed to joint 221.
Another example that is installed in the common rail in the accumulator fuel injection equipment has columniform substantially rail body, and (axial direction) formed the pressure accumulating chamber that is used for accumulating in inside fuel under high pressure wherein along the longitudinal direction.Rail body is formed with a plurality of inside and outside intercommunicating pores that pressure accumulating chamber is linked to each other with the outside of being used to.In a plurality of inside and outside intercommunicating pore outsides, the inside and outside intercommunicating pore that is arranged on the upstream of pressure accumulating chamber with respect to the flow direction of fuel is communicated with the tap hole of fuel feed pump by the high pressure pump line.Be arranged on the internal communication of other a plurality of inside and outside intercommunicating pores by a plurality of gun hoses and sparger in the downstream of pressure accumulating chamber with respect to the flow direction of fuel.
Fuel feed pump comprises plunger, plunger by cam drive with in the to-and-fro motion linearly of fuel feed pump inside.Therefore, in the predetermined cycle, fuel under high pressure is just passed through high pressure pump line intermittent discharge to pressure accumulating chamber from the tap hole of fuel feed pump.Therefore, can in the high pressure pump line, generate high pressure in the mode of pulsing according to the shape of cam.The pressure pulsation discharge of the fuel feed pump (pulsation) as pressure-wave emission in pressure accumulating chamber.
The continuous a plurality of spargers of rail are opened off and on to carry out fuel at different injection timings and are sprayed together.When the sparger opening, the pressure in the gun hose can reduce temporarily.Therefore, can in gun hose, generate the pressure pulsation of high pressure and low pressure.Pressure pulsation propagates into the inside of pressure accumulating chamber as pressure wave (reflected wave that generates according to the open and close of sparger).
In the pressure accumulating chamber of rail altogether, merge from the pressure wave of fuel feed pump and reflected wave from sparger.Therefore, or even in constant operating process, the fuel pressure in the pressure accumulating chamber of rail neither constant voltage but fluctuation altogether.The pressure pulsation meeting influences the valve of the sparger of same cylinder or another cylinder and opens timing, valve timeing closing and fueling injection pressure.Therefore, injection timing and fuel injection amount will change and can cause difference in the emitted dose between cylinder.
Therefore, traditionally, throttle orifice (fixed current limiter) is arranged in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore of rail body of common rail or liquid thickly connects gun hose together in the fuel channel of the tube connector of the rail body of rail.Therefore, the propagation of closing in the common rail of entering of the closed reflected wave that the is generated pressure accumulating chamber by opening of the sparger in the specific cylinder will be suppressed the influence of fuel in other cylinder being sprayed to reduce.In addition, close the influence that the closed reflected wave that is generated can be decayed and to reduce the next one in the same cylinder be sprayed by the opening of sparger of specific cylinder.
Yet, in traditional common rail, in the throttle orifice diameter of throttle orifice, there is manufacturing variation, wherein throttle orifice is arranged in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore with the internal communication of the sparger of each cylinder of motor or is arranged in the fuel channel of tube connector.Only by in inside and outside intercommunicating pore or fuel channel, throttle orifice being set, can not prevent fully that reflected wave that the open and close by sparger causes is to the propagation of the pressure accumulating chamber inside of rail altogether.
A kind of altogether rail has been described in JP-A-2001-207930, this common rail be intended to decay from the reflected wave of the sparger of specific cylinder and eliminate in the same cylinder spray next time and another cylinder in the fuel influence of spraying.In this rail altogether, throttle orifice is formed in the piston, and this piston can slide in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore of the rail body that is total to rail or in the fuel channel of pipe joint.Piston follow in the rail body pressure pulsation and from the reflected wave of sparger decay in the rail body pressure pulsation and from the reflected wave of sparger.First spring is arranged on the upstream of piston with respect to the fuel flow direction, and second spring is arranged on the downstream of piston.The end of piston is provided with the first spring seat part of the spring load that is used to receive first spring, and the other end being provided with of piston is used to receive the second spring seat part of the spring load of second spring.
In this rail altogether, throttle orifice forms the entity that in axial direction penetrates piston.Therefore, the processing length of throttle orifice is just longer.Need the highly accurately process time of the throttle orifice forming process of processing technique so just prolonged.Therefore, cost will improve.Rail needs two springs (first spring and second spring) altogether.Therefore, increase the number of part, improved cost.In this altogether rail, very difficult selection be used to decay first spring of pressure pulsation and reflected wave and the spring constant of second spring.For example, be difficult to decision should increase that spring in the spring constant of first spring and second spring spring constant.Therefore, can not be restricted to the pressure wave (the discharge pulsation of fuel feed pump and from the reflected wave of sparger) that influences the emitted dose feature (injection timing, emitted dose, injection compare etc.) of each cylinder of motor significantly very little fully.
So just can not eliminate in the pressure accumulating chamber of common rail pressure pulsation to the valve of same cylinder or other cylinder open regularly, the influence of valve timeing closing and fueling injection pressure.Therefore, just can not be restricted to the difference of the jet pressure between the cylinder or emitted dose very little fully.
Summary of the invention
A kind ofly be inserted in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore even an object of the present invention is to provide, also can be suppressed at the common rail that the internal diameter of the throttle orifice of the minimum diameter that forms in the lining changes at the lining that is formed with throttle orifice.Even another purpose of the present invention provides and a kind ofly is press fit in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore at the lining that is formed with throttle orifice, also can be suppressed at the common rail of the outside thread distortion that forms on the pipe joint.
According to one aspect of the present invention, rail has lining altogether, and lining is formed with multistage throttle orifice and press fit part on the circumferential surface within it, and this press fit part is press fit into inside and outside intercommunicating pore on its outer peripheral surface.Throttle orifice with minimum diameter partly departs from along axial direction and this press fit of lining, prevents that them from radially overlapping along lining, and the lining throttle orifice with minimum diameter is arranged on pressure accumulating chamber's one side of press fit part.Inside and outside intercommunicating pore at the inside diameter of pressure accumulating chamber's one side greater than the outer dia of lining on pressure accumulating chamber's one side.
Even lining is press fit into the internal diameter of the inner circumference of inside and outside intercommunicating pore and press fit part and changes, the internal diameter of the throttle orifice of diameter minimum can not change by press fit yet, because the throttle orifice of diameter minimum is arranged on the position of axially departing from by the part of press fit distortion.Therefore, the diameter that is arranged on the throttle orifice of the diameter minimum in the common rail can not change, thereby can suppress the problem that the injection characteristics of sparger for example changes.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the press fit of lining part can not be press fit into inside and outside intercommunicating pore along the position that inside and outside intercommunicating pore overlaps in the radial direction with outside thread.Therefore, even lining is press fit into inside and outside intercommunicating pore, also can avoid making the outside thread distortion by the distortion that press fit causes.Therefore, can avoid outer tube for example the spiral of high pressure pump line or gun hose connect these problems.
Description of drawings
By the following detailed description, appended claims and the accompanying drawing that all form the application's part are studied, can be readily appreciated that embodiment's the feature and advantage and the operating method and the function of associated components.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is a schematic representation, has shown the accumulator fuel injection equipment according to exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side view according to Fig. 1 embodiment's common rail;
Fig. 3 A is the sectional view that has shown that the common rail of Fig. 2 is cut open along line IIIA-IIIA;
Fig. 3 B is the amplification view that has shown the common rail part of Fig. 3 A;
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional view of lining that has shown the embodiment of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view that has shown according to the common rail of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view that has shown according to the common rail of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view that has shown according to the common rail of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the sectional view that has shown according to the common rail of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 A is the front elevation that has shown according to the embodiment's of Fig. 8 guard member;
Fig. 9 AA is the side view that has shown the guard member of Fig. 9 A;
Fig. 9 B is the front elevation that has shown according to another example of the embodiment's of Fig. 8 guard member;
Fig. 9 BB is the side view that has shown the guard member of Fig. 9 B;
Figure 10 is the sectional view that has shown according to the common rail of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the longitudinal sectional view that has shown according to the lining of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the longitudinal sectional view that has shown according to the lining of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the schematic representation that has shown according to the common rail fuel injection system of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the sectional view according to the embodiment's of Figure 13 common rail;
Figure 15 A is the longitudinal sectional view that has shown according to the example of the embodiment's of Figure 13 throttle orifice piston;
Figure 15 B is the longitudinal sectional view that has shown according to another example of the embodiment's of Figure 13 throttle orifice piston;
Figure 16 is the sectional view that has shown according to the common rail of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17 is the sectional view that has shown according to the common rail of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 18 is the sectional view that has shown according to the common rail of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 19 is the sectional view that has shown according to the common rail of another one exemplary embodiment of the present invention; With
Figure 20 has shown the sectional view of rail altogether of the prior art.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, shown accumulator fuel injection equipment among the figure according to first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Fuel injection apparatus shown in Figure 1 is to carry out the system that fuel sprays to each cylinder of motor (for example diesel engine does not show).Fuel injection apparatus has common rail 1, sparger 2, supply pump 3, control unit of engine (ECU) 4 and driving element (EDU) 5 etc.EDU5 can cover in the housing of ECU4.
Rail 1 is to be used to accumulate to be fed into the pressure accumulation container of the fuel under high pressure of sparger 2 altogether.In order to accumulate the common rail pressure corresponding to fueling injection pressure, rail 1 links to each other with the exhaust port of supply pump 3 by high pressure pump line 6 altogether, and the pressure feed fuel under high pressure of supply pump 3.Rail 1 also links to each other with a plurality of gun hoses 7 to come to sparger 2 supply fuel under high pressure altogether.
Also the reduction valve 10 as voltage limiter is connected to relief pipe 9, is used for fuel is turned back to fuel tank 8 from being total to rail 1.Reduction valve 10 as voltage limiter serves as pressure relief valve.If the ultimate pressure that common rail pressure surpass to be provided with, thereby just open the restriction common rail pressure for the ultimate pressure that is provided with or be lower than ultimate pressure as the reduction valve 10 of voltage limiter so.Thereby the order of reduction valve 10 response ECU4 and EDU5 is opened and is promptly reduced common rail pressure.Perhaps, also can provide and the independently independent voltage limiter of reduction valve 10.
Sparger 2 is installed on each cylinder of motor, is used for spraying and fueling to cylinder respectively.Each sparger 2 has fuel nozzle and solenoid valve etc.Fuel nozzle is connected to from the downstream of each gun hose 7 that is total to rail 1 branch and will be total to the fuel under high pressure of accumulating the rail 1 and injects each cylinder.Solenoid valve is carried out lifting control to the nozzle needle that is contained in the fuel nozzle.The fuel that leaks from sparger 2 also turns back in the fuel tank 8 through relief pipe 9.
Supply pump 3 is to be used for carrying the high pressure fuel pump of fuel under high pressure to being total to rail 1 pressure.Supply pump 3 has the fuel that is used for suction of fuel case 8 and supplies with the transfer pump of supply pumps 3 and be used for the fuel pressurization of suction and pressurized fuel pressure be delivered to the high-pressure service pump of common rail 1 by filter 11.Transfer pump and high-pressure service pump are driven by public camshaft 12.Camshaft 12 rotation and by engine-driving.
In supply pump 3, suck control valve (SCV) 13 and be installed in the fuel flow channel, wherein fuel flow channel imports fuel and makes fuel be added to the pumping chamber of high pressure.The opening degree of SCV 13 fuel metering runners.SCV 13 is valves, and this valve is used to regulate the aspiration that suction enters the fuel of pumping chamber by the pumping unit SC sigmal control from ECU 4, and is used to change the discharge amount of pressure conveying to the fuel that is total to rail 1.The discharge amount that flows to the fuel of common rail 1 by adjusting pressure is regulated common rail pressure.ECU 4 controller SCV 13 control common rail pressure and arrive the pressure that mates with the running state of vehicle.
ECU 4 has CPU and memory device (storage, for example ROM, RAM, SRAM or EEPROM).ECU 4 carries out dissimilar computings based on the sensor signal (serviceability of vehicle) that program stored among the ROM and input enter among the RAM etc.For example, ECU4 sprays at each cylinder and each fuel based on program stored among the ROM and the sensor signal (serviceability of vehicle) among the input RAM, determines the valve opening/closing timing of target emitted dose, spray regime, sparger 2 and the opening degree (electrical current value) of SCV 13.
EDU 5 has the sparger drive circuit.The sparger drive circuit is based on injector valve opening signal that ECU 4 provides provides valve to open the drive circuit of driving current to solenoid valve of sparger 2 etc.By providing valve to open driving current to solenoid valve, fuel under high pressure is injected and infeed in the cylinder.Open driving current by stop valve, can stop fuel and spray.In Fig. 1, be used for the housing that SCV drive circuit that solenoid valve to SCV 13 applies driving current is arranged on ECU 4.Perhaps, the SCV drive circuit can be arranged in the housing of EDU 5.
ECU 4 is connected with the sensor of the serviceability that is used to detect vehicle etc., for example, these sensors are for except being used to detect the pressure transducer 14 of common rail pressure, also are useful on the acceleration sensor that detects accelerator position, are used for the speed probe of detection of engine rotating speed and are used for the coolant temperature sensor of the coolant temperature of detection of engine.
As shown in Figure 2, rail 1 has pipe joint 21 and strut 22 altogether, and strut 22 is provided on the rail body 20 and its shape is essentially cylindricality.Rail body 20 is accumulated ultrahigh pressure fuel in inside.High pressure pump line 6 and gun hose 7 (example of outer tube) are connected to pipe joint 21.Strut 22 is used to rail body 20 is mounted to for example motor of fixed component.
Rail body 20 for example is the rod fabricated metals of iron group basically.As shown in Figure 3A, be used to accumulate pressure accumulating chamber 23 formation in the middle of rail body 20 basically of fuel under high pressure, so that pressure accumulating chamber's 23 axial penetration rail body 20.The axial centre of pressure accumulating chamber 23 can be consistent with the center of rail body 20 external diameters, perhaps also can move predetermined amount towards a lateral deviation that is different from pipe joint 21.
Rail body 20 is along radially being formed with a plurality of inside and outside intercommunicating pores 24.Inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 is formed at the center of pipe joint 24 by hole formation process, and wherein pipe joint 24 is positioned at the proper spacing place along the axial direction of rail body 20.The deep end (the inner) of each inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 is at the inner peripheral surface opening of pressure accumulating chamber 23.The outer end of each inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 is at the top of pipe joint 21 middle opening.Being essentially conical pressure reception seat surface is formed on the top end of pipe joint 21.Taper (tip) face that forms on the top of each pipe 6,7 is inserted into pressure and receives in the seat surface.The outer end of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 receives the bottom opening of seat surface at pressure.
Outside thread 25 forms on the outer peripheral surface of pipe joint 21.Be arranged in the pipe nut precession outside thread 25 at each pipe connecting end place of 6,7.
Because fuel under high pressure is accumulated in the pressure accumulating chamber 23, so high pressure acts on the inner peripheral surface of pressure accumulating chamber 23.Stress concentrates on the cross hole of inner peripheral surface upper shed of pressure accumulating chamber 23.The stress that acts on the cross hole increases along with reducing of cross hole diameter.The diameter of cross hole is less in the example of as shown in figure 20 common rail 201, and the throttle orifice α of the pressure pulsation of propagating to rail 201 altogether of being used for decaying forms process by the hole and integrally forms in rail body 220.Therefore, this altogether rail 201 is used under the relatively low situation of pressure accumulation value in the pressure accumulating chamber 223 (for example 180MPa or following), so that the assurance safety margin relevant with fatigue strength.
Yet, in recent years, needed the pressure of accumulating in the pressure accumulating chamber 223 to increase to ultrahigh pressure (for example 180MPa or more than) so that improve exhaust feature etc.
Common rail 1 according to present embodiment has following feature, so that make the pressure of accumulating in the pressure accumulating chamber 23 bring up to ultrahigh pressure (for example 180MPa or more than).
(1) the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 in formation on the rail body 20 has constant bore dia between outer end and the inner, perhaps forms in pipe joint 21 1 sides to have bigger diameter, shown in Fig. 3 A or 3B.The internal diameter of cross hole is arranged to the diameter greater than throttle orifice.
(2) lining 31 (as shown in Figure 4) that is formed with the throttle orifice that the fuel flow channel that is used for making inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 narrows down is press fit in each the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 that is formed on rail body 20, shown in Fig. 3 A and 3B.The material of lining 31 is unrestricted, as long as material has the hardness that can make lining 31 press fits and be clamped in inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24.Lining 31 can for example iron group metal, copper, brass or aluminium form by metal.
(3) the two rank throttle orifices (example of multistage throttle orifice) that are used to make the fuel flow channel of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 to narrow down form on the inner peripheral surface of lining 31.For example, lining 31 forms the minor diameter throttle orifice 32 with little internal diameter (hole dimension) and has the adjacent throttle orifice 33 of internal diameter (orifice dimensions) greater than the throttle orifice 32 of this minimum diameter, shown in Fig. 3 A, 3B and 4.
(4) the press fit part (major diameter part) 34 and have in non-press fit part (small diameter portion) 35 this two rank less than the diameter of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 of the excircle of lining 31 in being press fit into inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 forms, shown in Fig. 3 A, 3B and 4.
(5) be arranged in lining 31 and the press fit part 34 throttle orifice 32 of the diameter minimum that forms, so that make this minimum throttle orifice 32 depart from press fit part 34 as shown in Figure 4 along the axial direction (press fit direction) of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24, thus prevent along inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 axially on overlapping between the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter and the press fit part 34.The throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter is not arranged on the inner circumference of press fit part 34, and is arranged on the inner circumference of non-press fit part 35.
The diameter of cross hole is consistent with the diameter of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24, and wherein the diameter of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 is greater than the throttle orifice diameter.Therefore, the internal diameter of cross hole can be provided with greater than the throttle orifice diameter.Therefore, can alleviate the stress that is applied on the cross hole concentrates.Therefore, even the pressure of accumulating of pressure accumulating chamber 23 is ultrahigh pressure (for example 180MPa or more than), also can guarantee the safety margin relevant with fatigue strength.
Lining 31 is press fit in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 tightly, even so that also can not leave inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 when lining 31 is subjected to the pressure of pressure accumulating chamber 23 and the pressure reduction between the external pressure.Therefore, have following possibility, i.e. the distortion that the internal diameter of the contiguous throttle orifice 33 on the inner circumference of press fit part 34 can cause owing to press fit reduces.
In the present embodiment, the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter departs from press fit part 34 so that the throttle orifice of minimum diameter 32 can radially not overlapping with press fit part 34 along inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24.Therefore, even lining 31 is press fit into the inside of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 tightly, also can prevent because the throttle orifice 32 of the minimum diameter that the press fit distortion causes produces the problem that internal diameter reduces.
In the present embodiment, the internal diameter of the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter is constant, and wherein this internal diameter can influence the injection characteristics of sparger 2 significantly.Therefore, for example can prevent the problem that diameter owing to the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter reduces to cause the injection characteristics of sparger 2 to change.
Common rail 1 according to present embodiment forms following structure: the throttle orifice 32 of the minimum diameter of lining 31 is arranged on accumulator chamber 23 1 sides of press fit part 34.Therefore, in two rank of diameter, obtain weakening by managing 6,7 pressure pulsations of propagating greater than the throttle orifice 32 of the contiguous throttle orifice 33 in the hole 32 of minimum diameter and minimum diameter.Therefore, can improve the attenuating of pressure pulsation.
Structure according to the lining 31 of present embodiment is as follows: the outer peripheral surface 37 of the transition portion 36 between the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter and the contiguous throttle orifice 33 is conical surfaces, and its diameter reduces towards the direction of pressure accumulating chamber 23, as shown in Figure 4.Transition portion 36 between the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter and the contiguous throttle orifice 33 is arranged on the inner circumference place of conical surface.Therefore, can guarantee the minimum thickness of the inner circumference of press fit part 34.Between the throttle orifice 32 of press fit part 34 and minimum diameter, in axial direction be provided with departure L1.Therefore, the distortion of the throttle orifice 32 of the propagation of the distortion that produces in the press fit part 34 of the throttle orifice 32 of the minimum diameter that can suppress to cause and minimum diameter.
Structure according to the common rail 1 of present embodiment is as follows: the press fit position between press fit part 34 and the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 radially with pressure chamber's 23 1 sides on externally threaded threaded end (bottom) 38 overlapping.Press fit part 34 is press fit into the inner circumference inside of bottom 38 and is positioned at this place.Therefore, the thickness of the press fit part 34 of lining 31 adds the thickness that has increased the radially inner side of bottom 38 on the inner circumference of bottom 38 to.The bottom 38 of outside thread 25 is the screw strength least parts that have minimum screw strength in the pipe joint 21.The thickness of the press fit part 34 of lining 31 adds on the inner circumference of part of screw strength minimum, thereby has improved the rigidity of screw strength least part.Therefore, improved the reliability of pipe joint 21.
Next, with reference to the common rail of Fig. 5 explanation according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
When lining 31 is press fit on the inner circumference of outside thread 25 of pipe joint 21,, may exist because the distortion that press fit causes makes outside thread 25 produce the problem of distortion if when the inner circumference of outside thread 25 is relatively thinner.If distortion has taken place outside thread 25, each pipe 6,7 pipe nut precession that are fixed to pipe joint 21 just may be had problems when coming being used for so.
Therefore, be force-fitted in the position of in axial direction departing from outside thread 25 according to the lining 31 of the common rail 1 of present embodiment, thereby lining 31 can radially not overlapped with outside thread 25.Inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 is formed with pressure and discharges periphery 39, and this pressure discharges periphery 39 at the internal diameter of the pipe joint 21 1 sides external diameter greater than press fit part 34.Have specific pressure mating part 34 the little press fit surplus of external diameter diameter press fit periphery 40 only be arranged on the inner circumference of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 on the bottom (pressure accumulating chamber's 23 1 sides) darker than pipe joint 21.The press fit part 34 of lining 31 only is press fit into than on the darker cooperation periphery 40 of outside thread 25.Be press fit at lining 31 under the state of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 inside, the outer end (upper end) of the lower end of the outside thread 25 among Fig. 5 and press fit part 34 is in axial direction departed from departure L2 each other.
Therefore, even lining 31 is press fit into inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 inside tightly, also can in axial direction separate each other with the part that wherein produces stress, and can suppress to make the distortion of outside thread 25 generations owing to the distortion that press fit causes because of the inner circumference of outside thread 25 by press fit part 34.Therefore, even lining 31 is press fit into inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 inside, also can avoid the distortion of outside thread 25.Therefore when pipe 6,7 precessions, can avoid having problems.
Present embodiment has Fig. 1 embodiment's feature (1) to (3), and can apply the effect of feature (1) to (3).
In addition, used following structure according to the common rail 1 of present embodiment, in this structure, the end of the throttle orifice of lining 31 (end of the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter in the present embodiment) is positioned near the pressure accumulating chamber 23.By having increased the volume of throttle orifice end, the effect that can obtain to make the reflection of pressure pulsation to weaken.By the throttle orifice end of lining 31 is set in the present embodiment, can further improve the attenuating of the pressure pulsation of reflecting in the gun hose near pressure accumulating chamber 23.
Next, with reference to the common rail of Fig. 6 explanation according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As mentioned above, thereby improve near the throttle orifice end of lining 31 is arranged on pressure accumulating chamber 23 under the situation of attenuating of pressure pulsation, lining 31 must be press fit into the dark side (pressure accumulating chamber's 23 1 sides) of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24.In this case, as mentioned above, form pressure by pipe joint 21 1 sides and discharge periphery 39, help the press fit work of lining 31 at inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24.
Discharge in periphery 39 situations that are arranged on pipe joint 21 1 sides at pressure, when fuel release pressure, vibration etc. make the lining 31 that is force-fitted in the press fit periphery 40 when the direction that causes lining 31 to break away from moves, every pipe in the pipe 6,7 can prevent that lining 31 breaks away from up hill and dale.Yet in this case, press fit part 34 may move to pressure and discharge in the scope of periphery 39, and the gap of in axial direction extending can produce between the outer peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 and lining 31.If in axial direction the gap of Yan Shening produces between the outer peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 and lining 31, be arranged on throttle orifice in the lining 31 so and will lose its effect.
In the present embodiment, the pressure with the big internal diameter of the external diameter of specific pressure mating part 34 discharges on the inserting side (with each pipe 6,7 side that are connected) that periphery 39 is arranged on the lining 31 in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24.For fear of the problems referred to above, the axial length X1 of press fit part 34 is arranged to greater than in each pipe 6,7 the end that is connected to pipe joint 21 with more discharge length X 2 between the end of the press fit periphery 40 on the side of periphery 39 near pressure.
In order to determine wherein to manage the length X 2 under 6,7 unconnected states, length X 2 can replace with the axial length that pressure discharges periphery 39, and this axial length is included in pressure and discharges the scope that the diameter between periphery 39 and the press fit periphery 40 changes.
In axial direction extend by the press fit part 34 that makes lining 31, can satisfy concern X1 X2, guarantee that simultaneously the pressure of length discharges periphery 39, the embodiment of similar Fig. 5.
In other words, press fit part 34 that does not move after press fit and the axial overlap length Y1 between the press fit periphery 40 manage the axial length Y2 between 6,7 the end greater than the end of the lining 31 that does not move and each press fit after.
Therefore, even the lining 31 that is force-fitted in the press fit periphery 40 moves and when clashing into the end of each pipe 6,7 state that also can keep press fit part 34 and press fit periphery 40 radially to overlap each other for a certain reason along the direction that lining 31 is broken away from.Even lining 31 is because certain reason moves along the direction that causes lining 31 to break away from, press fit part 34 also can be overlapping along length (X1-X2) and press fit diameter at least in the axial direction.
Therefore, though lining 31 for a certain reason when the direction that lining 31 is broken away from moves and arrives maximum displacement place and clashes into the end of each pipe 6,7, also can make press-fitted portions divide 34 and press fit periphery 40 between keep overlapping.Therefore, can avoid between the outer peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 and lining 31, producing the problem in the gap of in axial direction extending.
Even be force-fitted in lining 31 in the press fit periphery 40 when the direction that lining 31 is broken away from moves, also can not lose and in lining 31, form for example effect of the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter of throttle orifice.
Next, with reference to the common rail of Fig. 7 explanation according to another kind of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment of Fig. 6,, concern X1 by satisfying even lining 31 moves along the direction that lining 31 is broken away from〉X2, also can prevent the forfeiture of the effect of the throttle orifice of formation in lining 31.
As shown in Figure 7, be provided with inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24,, and pressure can be set on the inserting side of lining 31 discharge periphery 39 so that diameter extends near pipe joint 21 ends less than the press fit periphery 40 of the diameter of press fit part 34 according to present embodiment.Therefore, even the lining 31 that is press fit in the press fit periphery 40 moves and one of impact tube 6,7 along the direction that lining 31 is broken away from, also can keep overlapping between press fit part 34 and the press fit periphery 40.Therefore, can not be lost in and form for example effect of the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter of hole in the lining 31, as the embodiment of Fig. 6.
Similar with present embodiment, do not provide pressure to discharge periphery 39 on the inserting side of the lining 31 of the embodiment of Fig. 1 in inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24, but press fit periphery 40 extend near the end of pipe joint 21.Therefore, even lining moves along the direction that causes lining 31 to break away from the embodiment in figure 1, can not be lost in for example effect of the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter of the throttle orifice that forms in the lining 31 yet.
Next, with reference to the common rail of Fig. 8 to 9BB explanation according to another kind of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment of Fig. 6, concern X1 by in axial direction extending the press fit part 34 of lining 31, having satisfied〉X2, guaranteed that simultaneously pressure discharges the length of periphery 39, the embodiment of image pattern 5 is the same.
In the present embodiment, be used to prevent that the guard member 41 of the disengaging of lining 31 is arranged on the inside that pressure discharges periphery 39, as shown in Figure 8.Guard member 41 is clamped in pressure and discharges peripheral 39 inside, but can not hinder the flowing of fuel that the pressure of flowing through discharges periphery 39.Guard member 41 is one of contact tube 6,7 and lining 31 in axial direction.
Next, with reference to Fig. 9 A to 9BB explanation guard member 41.Getting guard member 41 shown in Fig. 9 A and the 9AA is the helical spring pins that are formed with otch 41a in axial direction, thereby guard member 41 has the cross section of C shape.So form spring pin 41, make the external diameter under the length releasing state (not applying the state of external load) be far longer than the internal diameter that pressure discharges periphery 39.Discharge on the periphery 39 if spring pin 41 is assembled to pressure, spring pin 41 will be clamped in pressure owing to the spring-back force of spring pin 41 and discharge peripheral 39 inside.
Guard member 41 shown in Fig. 9 B and 9BB is calking linings of cylindricality.Calking lining 41 is formed with one or more protruding 41b.Discharge on the periphery 39 if calking lining 41 is assembled to pressure, so protruding 41b will clash into the surface that pressure discharges periphery 39 tightly.Therefore, calking lining 41 just is clamped in pressure and discharges peripheral 39 inside.
In the present embodiment, have pressure greater than the internal diameter of press fit part 34 external diameters and discharge on the inserting side that periphery 39 is arranged on the lining 31 in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24, and be used to prevent that guard member 41 that lining 31 breaks away from is positioned at pressure and discharges peripheral 39 inside.The axial length X1 of press fit part 34 is arranged to greater than poor (X1〉X2-X3) at the axial length X3 of length X 2 and guard member 41, wherein X2 for from the end of one of pipe 6,7 of being connected to pipe joint 21 to the distance that more discharges the end of the press fit periphery 40 on the side of periphery 39 near pressure.
In order to determine wherein to manage the length X 2 under 6,7 unconnected states, length X 2 can replace with the axial length that pressure discharges periphery 39, and the diameter that this axial length is included between pressure release periphery 39 and the press fit periphery 40 changes scope.
In other words, press fit part 34 that after press fit, does not move and the length Y1 between the press fit periphery 40 be arranged to greater than guard member 41 with manage axial length Y3 between one of 6,7 the end and the axial length Y4 sum between guard member 41 and the lining 31 (Y1〉Y3+Y4).
Therefore, even the lining 31 that is force-fitted in the press fit periphery 40 along the end that the direction that lining 31 is broken away from moved and clashed into each pipe 6,7, also can keep press fit part 34 and the radially overlapping state of press fit periphery 40 by guard member 41 for a certain reason.Even lining 31 is because certain reason moves along the direction that causes lining 31 to break away from, press fit part 34 also can be overlapping with press fit periphery 40 along length (X1-(X2-X3)) at least in the axial direction.
Therefore, even lining 31 moves and arrives maximum displacement at the place, end of one of impact tube 6,7 along the direction that lining 31 is broken away from for a certain reason, also can keep overlapping between press fit part 34 and the press fit periphery 40 by guard member 41.Therefore, can avoid between the outer peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 24 and lining 31, producing the problem in the gap of in axial direction extending.
Even be force-fitted in lining 31 in the press fit periphery 40 when the direction that lining 31 is broken away from moves, also can not lose and in lining 31, form for example effect of the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter of throttle orifice.
In above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, the throttle orifice 32 of the minimum diameter of lining 31 is arranged on pressure accumulating chamber's 23 1 sides of press fit part 34.Perhaps, the press fit direction of lining 31 can be reverse, so that press fit part 34 is positioned at pressure accumulating chamber's 23 1 sides of throttle orifice 32 of the minimum diameter of lining 31, as shown in figure 10.
In above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 37 of the transition portion 36 between the throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter and the contiguous throttle orifice 33 forms conical surface.Perhaps, outer peripheral surface 37 can form step portion as shown in figure 11.Perhaps, outer peripheral surface 37 can form the shape of curvilinear plane.
In the above-described embodiments, in lining 31, form the throttle orifice (throttle orifice 32 of minimum diameter and contiguous throttle orifice 33) on two rank.Perhaps, also can in the inner circumference of lining 31, form three rank or more multistage throttle orifice.For example, the second contiguous throttle orifice 42 can be non-press fit part 35 inner formation, as shown in figure 12.
In the above-described embodiments, rail 1 is to be total to rail by the forging type that forging process forging rail body 20, pipe joint 21 and strut 22 form altogether.Perhaps, the part or the entity of rail body 20, pipe joint 21 and strut 22 can independently be made, and can be by the welding procedure integrated altogether rail 1 of welding of making of welding process for example.
Next, common rail fuel injection system according to another kind of exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.The fuel injection apparatus that is used for internal-combustion engine according to as shown in figure 13 embodiment is installed in for example engine compartment of automobile of vehicle.For example, fuel injection apparatus is common rail fuel injection system (a pressure accumulation fuel injection apparatus), is known as to be used for for example fuel injection system of diesel engine (multi-cylinder diesel machine) of internal-combustion engine.
Common rail fuel injection system has and comprises the supply pump (fuel oil injectionpump that is used for extracting from fuel tank 101 transfer pump of low-pressure fuels, fuel feed pump) 102, promptly be used for the Fuelinjection nozzle of motor from the tap hole of supply pump 102 to the common rail 103 that wherein imports fuel under high pressure and a plurality of sparger 104 (being four spargers 104 in the present embodiment), wherein fuel under high pressure is distributed to these spargers from each fuel outlet of rail 103 altogether.Fuel injection system is sprayed and is supplied with to the firing chamber of each cylinder of motor by sparger 104 and is total to the fuel under high pressure of accumulating in the rail 103.
Supply pump 102 is fuel feed pump (high voltage supply pumps), have two or more multiple pressure power transporting system be pump element, be used for by the low-pressure fuel pressurization of low pressure pump line 111 from fuel tank 101 suction.Supply pump 102 is by two of the fuel aspiration controls utilizing single solenoid valve 121 to regulate to be drawn in the pumping chamber or the fuel discharge amount of multiple pressure power transporting system more.
Supply pump 102 has transfer pump (not shown), cam (not shown) and two or more the plunger (not shown) and the cylinder head of known structure.Cam drives by pump live axle 122 (camshaft etc.).Each plunger is by cam drive linear reciprocating motion between top dead center and lower dead center.Cylinder head is fixed to pump case and inside is formed with two or more pumping chambers.
Transfer pump is the low-pressure delivery pump, and when pump live axle 122 rotated according to the rotation of engine crankshaft, transfer pump was extracted fuel out from fuel tank 101.Fuel filter 123 is arranged in the low pressure pump line 111, is used to connect the fuel suction bole of fuel tank 101 and transfer pump.Supply pump 102 compression and low pressure fuel, at plunger during in the cylinder head reciprocates inside, this low-pressure fuel is drawn into from fuel tank 101 in two or the more pumping chambers by low pressure pump line 111, transfer pump and fuel suction channel.
Supply pump 102 is formed with leak port, prevents that the fuel temperature of supply pump 102 inside from increasing to high temperature.The fuel that leaks from supply pump 102 turns back to the fuel tank 101 by relief pipe 119.The solenoid valve 121 that is used for measuring the fuel aspiration that is drawn into two or more pumping chambers is arranged in the fuel suction channel, and it is inner and extend to two or more pumping chambers from transfer pump that this fuel suction channel is formed on supply pump 102.The pump driving current that solenoid valve 121 utilizes control unit of engine (ECU) 110 to apply passes through electronic control.
Rail 103 is the pressure accumulation containers that are used for accumulating according to fueling injection pressure fuel under high pressure altogether.Rail 103 is connected with the tap hole of supply pump 102 by high pressure pump line 112 and is connected with sparger 104 by a plurality of gun hoses 113 altogether.Rail 103 is formed with first and second leak port altogether.Turn back to the fuel tank 101 by relief pipe 119 from the fuel of rail 103 leakages altogether.
Voltage limiter 124 liquid thickly are connected to first leak port of common rail 103.Voltage limiter 124 is pressure relief valves, and when the internal pressure (common rail pressure) of rail 103 surpassed the restriction pressure that is provided with altogether, pressure relief valve was opened common rail pressure is restricted to the restriction pressure that is equal to or less than setting.Reduction valve 125 liquid thickly are connected to second leak port of common rail 103.Reduction valve 125 is solenoid valves, and the reduction valve driving current that applies by ECU 110 is subjected to electronic control.Reduction valve 125 has good step-down performance, for example is used at engine retard or when stopping, promptly common rail pressure is reduced to low pressure from high pressure.
The a plurality of spargers 104 that are installed in each cylinder of motor are electromagnetic fuel injectors.Each sparger 104 has fuel nozzle and solenoid valve 126 etc., wherein fuel nozzle is connected to downstream from one of a plurality of pipes 113 of rail 103 branches altogether so that carrying out fuel sprays with respect to the fuel flow direction, and solenoid valve 126 is used for opening direction along valve and drives the nozzle needle that is contained in fuel nozzle.Each sparger 104 is formed with leak port.The fuel that leaks from sparger 104 also turns back to the fuel tank 101 by relief pipe 119.
ECU 110 has microcomputer, and microcomputer comprises and is used to carry out control operation and the CPU of calculation process, the memory device (storage is ROM or RAM for example) that is used to store various programs and data and input circlult (input part) and output circuit (output).After A/D converter experience A/D conversion, be input to microcomputer from the electrical signal of the fuel pressure sensor (common rail pressure sensor) 127 that is connected to common rail 103 with from the sensor signal of various sensors.The input part of microcomputer is connected with crank angle sensor, accelerator position sensor, coolant temperature sensor, fuel temperature sensor 128 etc. and common rail pressure sensor 127.Microcomputer also can be used as speed probe, is used for by measuring from the time lag detection of engine rotational speed N E of the NE signal pulse of crank angle sensor output.
If the ignition switch (not shown) is (IG0N) that opens, ECU 110 passes through the solenoid valve 121 of electronic control supply pump 102, the reduction valve 125 that is total to rail 103, the solenoid valve 126 of sparger 104 etc. based on the control program that is stored in the storage.Pump drive circuit (not shown) is connected between the solenoid valve 121 of the output of microcomputer and supply pump 102.The reduction valve drive circuit is connected the output of microcomputer and is total between the reduction valve 125 of rail 103.Sparger drive circuit (EDU) 129 is connected between the solenoid valve 126 of the output of microcomputer and sparger 104.
As shown in figure 14, altogether rail 103 has the rail body 105 of the one-tenth cylindrical tube shape that is used for accumulating inner ultrahigh pressure fuel and is included in a plurality of throttle orifice pistons 106 of rail body 105.Rail body 105 is formed with the functional part attachment portion, is used for the linkage function parts, for example voltage limiter 124, reduction valve 125 and common rail pressure sensor 127, as shown in figure 13.Rail body 105 is forging products or by the low-durometer material extrusion-molded product that forms of low-carbon (LC) crude steel for example.Rail body 105 has the cylindrical part 132 that is formed with pressure accumulating chamber 131 in inside.Rail body 105 is formed with a plurality of cylindrical part 134, and a plurality of cylindrical part inside is formed with inside and outside intercommunicating pore respectively.
Pressure accumulating chamber 131 is formed on cylindrical part 132 inside, so that the functional part attachment portion of the voltage limiter 124 of the functional part attachment portion of the reduction valve 125 of pressure accumulating chamber 131 shown in from the left side shown in Figure 13 shown on Figure 13 right side extending axially along cylindrical part 132 substantially.Cylindrical part 132 is set so as cylindrical part 132 on circumference round pressure accumulating chamber 131.Pressure accumulating chamber 131 is the inner spaces with annulus profile figure, is used for accumulating fuel under high pressure of discharging from the tap hole of supply pump 102 and the fuel under high pressure that is used for accumulating temporarily and distributes sparger 104.
A plurality of inside and outside intercommunicating pores 133 are respectively formed in the cylindrical part 134.The central shaft of each inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 departs from the radially outward of the central shaft of pressure accumulating chamber 131 along pressure accumulating chamber 131 slightly.Central shaft by making inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 is offset with respect to the central shaft of pressure accumulating chamber 131, forms the circumference prolongation of ellipse and opening at the opening of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore of the conduit wall surface of pressure accumulating chamber 131 split shed.Therefore, can alleviate the compression strength that rail body 105 was concentrated and can be improved to stress in the edge of opening.
Inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 is to have the communication passage of annulus profile figure and form process by the hole to form at the proper spacing place with respect to the axial direction of the cylindrical part 132 of rail body 105.Inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 with external communications, specifically, be installed in each cylinder of motor in the inside of sparger 104 form at the constant interval place by the axial direction of formation process in hole by the pipe 113 inside and outside intercommunicating pores 133 that are communicated with respect to the cylindrical part 132 of rail body 105.Form process axial direction (left side among Figure 13) formation on sensor one side by managing the 112 inside and outside intercommunicating pores 133 that are communicated with the tap hole of supply pump 102 by the hole with respect to the cylindrical part 132 of rail body 105.
As shown in figure 14, rail body 105 is formed with first opening end (first fuel port), 135 and second opening end (second fuel port) 136.Each first opening end 135 is gone up outside opening with respect to the axial direction of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134 in a side (upside among Figure 14) of each cylindrical part 134.Each first opening end 135 forms the shape of truncated cone.Each second opening end 136 leads to pressure accumulating chamber 131 with respect to the axial direction of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134 at the opposite side (downside among Figure 14) of each cylindrical part 134.Each second opening end 136 forms circle.First fuel port 135 of each cylindrical part 134 is formed with into the chamfer surface of cone shape, so that its internal diameter increases towards the outside gradually from inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 1 ends of cylindrical part 134.
A plurality of backstops 137 are by near clamping and be fixed to the wall surface of the hole of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 first fuel port 135 of cylindrical part 134 respectively such as press-fit process.First ring wall surface 141 of each backstop 137 on pressure accumulating chamber's 131 1 sides is provided with the first restriction face L1 (first stop surface) of the shaft orientation moving range (range, maximum displacement) that is used for limiting each throttle orifice piston 106 when throttle orifice piston 106 moves with respect to each cylindrical part 134.Each backstop 137 forms cylindrical.Each backstop 137 is formed with along the penetration hole 138 of the straight extension of axial direction of backstop 137.Each penetration hole 138 is provided with communication passage, is used to connect each first fuel port 135 and each inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133.
The internal diameter of second fuel port 136 of each cylindrical part 134 is less than the internal diameter of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133.Therefore, the annular recess 139 of step portion with annular forms near second fuel port 136 of each cylindrical part 134.Annular recess 139 has the internal diameter greater than the internal diameter of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133.Be provided with the second restriction face L2 (second stop surface) that is used for when throttle orifice piston 106 moves with respect to each cylindrical part 134 of rail body 105, limiting the shaft orientation moving range (range, maximum displacement) of each throttle orifice piston 106 towards the stepped surfaces 142 of outer step portion.
Each cylindrical part 134 with respect to radially protruding along cylindrical part 132 of axial direction one side (upside among Figure 14) of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 from the outer peripheral surface of cylindrical part 132.Cylindrical part 134 partly forms an integral body with respect to the other end (lower end) of the axial direction of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 and the cylindrical wall of cylindrical part 132.Radially the ring pipe that stretches out from the outer peripheral surface of cylindrical part 132 partly serves as and is used for being fastened on the pipe fastening part 143 (tube connector) of managing 112 downstream or managing 113 upstream extremity by the connection head 114 that uses pipe tightening nut 115 will form flange shape.
The excircle of each tube connector 143 forms peripheral thread (outside thread) 145, is connected with inner periphery screw thread (internal thread) 144 spirals that form on the inner circumference of managing tightening nut 115.Fuel channel 146 is formed on pipe 112 inside, is used for fuel under high pressure is imported to pressure accumulating chamber 131 from the tap hole of supply pump 102 through inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133.Fuel channel 147 is formed on each and manages 113 inside, is used for making fuel under high pressure inner through 133 each sparger 104 of supply of intercommunicating pore inside and outside each from pressure accumulating chamber 131.
Pipe tightening nut 115 is formed with the Hexagon anastomosis part 148 with the fastened tools engagement.Pipe tightening nut 115 is formed with patchhole 149, pipe 112 downstream or manage 113 upstream extremity and insert by this patchhole 149.The edge of the opening of patchhole 149 is provided with ring lock bonding part (stop surface), is used for step portion is locked in the dorsal part of the connection head 114 of each pipe 112,113.Lock under the state of step portion of each pipe connection head 114 of 112,113 peripheral thread 145 assemblings of the inner periphery screw thread 144 of pipe tightening nut 115 and pipe fastening part 143 and being screwed on the peripheral thread 145 of pipe fastening part 143 at the sticking department of pipe tightening nut 115.Therefore, the seat surface that forms circular cone shape on the excircle of each pipe connection head 114 of 112,113 heads on the inner peripheral surface (pressure of circular cone shape receives seat surface) of first fuel port 135.Therefore, at each pipe connection head 114 of 112,113 with realized that liquid-tight seal is metallic seal between the pipe fastening part 143 of rail 103 altogether.
Throttle orifice piston 106 is forging products or by the low-durometer material extrusion-molded product that forms of low-carbon (LC) crude steel for example.Each throttle orifice piston 106 is contained in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of each cylindrical part 134, so that throttle orifice piston 106 can be along the axial direction to-and-fro motion of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133.Throttle orifice piston 106 provides each throttle orifice piston 106 so that can move with respect to each cylindrical part 134.Throttle orifice piston 106 forms the shape of cylinder, and the external diameter of this cylinder is slightly less than the internal diameter of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of each cylindrical part 134.
Shown in Figure 14 and 15A, axial bore forms in each throttle orifice piston 106, so that axial bore extends to towards another end face (second annular end face) of the throttle orifice piston 106 of the second restriction face 142 (L2) of cylindrical part 134 from the end face (first annular end face) towards the throttle orifice piston 106 of the first restriction face 141 (L1) of backstop 137.Throttle orifice 107 (fixing restrictor) forms process by the hole and the inner circumference cutting method forms at the central part of the axial bore of throttle orifice piston 106.The cross-sectional area of throttle orifice 107 is far smaller than the cross-sectional area of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133.For example, the throttle orifice diameter of throttle orifice 107 (diameter of restrictor) from 0.5mm to 1.5mm and the bore dia of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 from 4.0mm to 12.0mm.Throttle orifice 107 is along the straight throttle orifice piston 106 that passes on the central shaft of throttle orifice piston 106.
Each throttle orifice piston 106 is formed with first diametric hole 151 with respect to the flow direction of fuel in the upstream (perhaps downstream) of throttle orifice 107, is formed with second largest diametric hole 152 in the downstream (perhaps upstream) of throttle orifice 107.First and second large diameter holes the 151, the 152nd are used to connect the communication passage in throttle orifice 107 and the downstream of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 upstreams and throttle orifice piston 106 with respect to the flow direction of fuel.Each first and second large diameter hole 151,152 has internal diameter greater than the restrictor diameter of throttle orifice 107 (for example bore dia from 2.0 to 6.5mm).First diametric hole 151 first annular end face of throttle orifice piston 106 towards the first restriction face 141 (L1) of backstop 137 thus opening has defined first fluid port.Second largest diametric hole 152 second annular end face of throttle orifice piston 106 towards the second restriction face 142 (L2) of cylindrical part 134 thus opening has defined second fluid port.
Because first diametric hole 151 has the internal diameter greater than throttle orifice 107, so first diametric hole 151 is communicated with throttle orifice 107 by annular first step portion (first stepped surfaces).Because second largest diametric hole 152 has the internal diameter greater than throttle orifice 107, so second largest diametric hole 152 is communicated with throttle orifice 107 by annular second step portion (second stepped surfaces).In the present embodiment, each first and second large diameter hole 151,152 all has circular section figure, and they are constant substantially towards throttle orifice 107 internal diameters from the opening of each end face of throttle orifice piston 106, shown in Figure 15 A.Perhaps, shown in Figure 15 B, first and second large diameter holes 151,152 can form cone shape hole (hole of circular cone shape), and its internal diameter reduces towards throttle orifice 107 gradually from opening.
Each throttle orifice piston 106 has sliding parts, and this sliding parts is round the periphery of throttle orifice 107 and hole wall surface (inner peripheral surface, the slidingsurface) clamping slidably of each cylindrical part 134 by rail body 105.With respect to the fuel flow direction, each throttle orifice piston 106 has from first sliding parts of sliding parts (perhaps downstream) extension upstream and second sliding parts that extends from sliding parts downward (perhaps making progress).First and second sliding partss are respectively round the periphery of first and second large diameter holes 151,152.First and second sliding partss are by the slidingsurface quilt clamping slidably of each cylindrical part 134.
The outer peripheral surface of first and second sliding partss of sliding parts and each throttle orifice piston 106 has defined slidingsurface 154, and this slidingsurface 154 can slide at the axial direction of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of the slidingsurface upper edge of each cylindrical part 134 cylindrical part 134.In axial direction go up, the slidingsurface 154 of each throttle orifice piston 106 is approximately grown the axial passage length of first and second large diameter holes 151,152 than the length of each throttle orifice 107.Predetermined (minimum) gap is provided between the slidingsurface of the slidingsurface 154 of throttle orifice piston 106 and cylindrical part 134, and this gap is being essential as linear reciprocating motion from the first restriction face 141 (L1) (moving range, stroke range) to the slidably scope of the second restriction face 142 (L2) for each throttle orifice piston 106 with the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of slide type in each cylindrical part 134.
The conglobate shape of periphery corner chamfering or the conical shape of each axle head of throttle orifice piston 106 are so that throttle orifice piston 106 carries out in inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 back and forth and linear motion (sliding movement).First annular end face of each throttle orifice piston 106 is provided with first surface of contact, when throttle orifice piston 106 moved with respect to cylindrical part 134, first surface of contact can contact the first restriction face 141 (L1) of the backstop 137 in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 that is press fit into each cylindrical part 134.Second annular end face of each throttle orifice piston 106 is provided with second surface of contact, when throttle orifice piston 106 moved with respect to cylindrical part 134, second surface of contact can contact the second restriction face 142 (L2) that the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 with cylindrical part 134 integrally forms.
First surface of contact between the throttle orifice 107 of first diametric hole 151 and each throttle orifice 106 and first step face serve as the first pressure receiving plane that is used to receive fuel pressure.Second surface of contact between second surface of contact of throttle orifice 107 and each throttle orifice piston 106 and second ladder surface serve as the second pressure receiving plane that is used to receive fuel pressure.
Next, function according to the common rail fuel injection system of present embodiment is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The fuel under high pressure of discharging from the tap hole of supply pump 102 flows out to first fuel port (input port) 135 from the fuel channels 146 that form in pipe 112 inside through pipe 112, and wherein first fuel port 135 is as the opening end of the cylindrical part 134 of the rail body 105 that is total to rail 103.The fuel under high pressure that flows into first fuel port 135 is by being formed on the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of the penetration hole 138 inflow cylindrical part 134 in the backstop 137, and wherein backstop 137 is press fit into the opening end vicinity of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134.
The fuel under high pressure that flows into the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134 acts on the first pressure receiving surface that is slidably received within the throttle orifice piston 106 in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133.Because fuel pressure acts on the first pressure receiving plane of throttle orifice piston 106, so throttle orifice piston 106 moves down in Figure 14 and second surface of contact of throttle orifice piston 106 heads on the second restriction face 142 (L2) in the end difference office that the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 with cylindrical part 134 integrally forms.Therefore, the position limit of throttle orifice piston 106 is at default location place shown in Figure 14.
Flow into the fuel under high pressure of throttle orifice piston 106 flows into cylindrical part 134 by first diametric hole 151, throttle orifice 107 and the second largest diametric hole 152 of formation throttle orifice piston 106 second fuel port 136 from the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134.The fuel under high pressure of second fuel port 136 of inflow cylindrical part 134 flows in the cylindrical part 132 inner pressure accumulating chamber 131 that form of rail body 105 and is accumulated in the pressure accumulating chamber 131 temporarily.
If arrived the injection timing of the sparger 104 of first cylinder in a plurality of cylinders that are installed in motor, just begin the energising of the solenoid valve 126 of sparger.Therefore, nozzle needle has been opened a plurality of spray-holes in the nozzle body top end formation of fuel nozzle.If the sparger 104 that is installed in first cylinder has been opened, be accumulated in second fuel port 136 that fuel under high pressure in the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of cylindrical part 132 of rail body 105 just flows into cylindrical part 134 so corresponding to first cylinder.The fuel under high pressure that flows into second fuel port 136 of cylindrical part 134 acts on the second pressure receiving plane of throttle orifice piston 106.Because fuel pressure acts on the second pressure receiving plane of throttle orifice piston 106, thus throttle orifice piston 106 along Figure 14 upward to moving, and first surface of contact of throttle orifice piston 106 heads on the first restriction face 141 (L1) of backstop 137.Therefore, the position limit of throttle orifice piston 106 is in complete raised position.
Flow into the fuel under high pressure of throttle orifice piston 106 by flowing into backstop 137 from the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134 in the throttle orifice piston 106 inner second largest diametric hole 152 that form, throttle orifice 107 and first diametric hole 151.Flow into penetration hole 138 inflow first fuel port (outlet) 135 of the fuel under high pressure of backstop 137 by backstop 137, this first fuel port 135 is as the opening end of the cylindrical part 134 of the rail body 105 that is total to rail 103.The fuel under high pressure that flows into first fuel port 135 is by flowing into the sparger 104 that is installed in first cylinder at the pipe 113 inner fuel channels that form 147.Fuel under high pressure is ejected into the firing chamber of first cylinder from sparger 104.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, altogether the fuel under high pressure of accumulating in the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of the rail body 105 of rail 103 is injected and infeed the firing chamber of first cylinder of motor, and solenoid valve 126 energisings and the nozzle needle of sparger 104 have been opened a plurality of spray-holes that form in the nozzle body top of fuel nozzle simultaneously.If be installed in the solenoid valve 126 series connection energisings of the sparger 104 in the cylinder (second to four-cylinder) that is different from first cylinder, be accumulated in fuel under high pressure in the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of rail body 105 of common rail 103 so and just be assigned to and be installed in second the sparger 104 to the four-cylinder, and by a series of infeed motor second to the firing chamber of four-cylinder.Therefore motor is operated.
As mentioned above, in the common rail 103 according to present embodiment, as shown in figure 14, throttle orifice piston 106 is included in respectively in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of a plurality of cylindrical part 134 of rail body 105 slidably.Throttle orifice 107 is formed on each throttle orifice piston 106 inside.
Because the cam actuated plunger of supply pump 102 inside carries out back and forth and linear motion, so fuel under high pressure just is discharged to the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of rail body 105 of common rail 103 by managing 112 from the tap hole of supply pump 102 off and in the cycle of being scheduled to.Therefore, can produce high pressure in the fluctuation mode in fuel channel 146 inside of pipe 112 according to the shape of cam.The pressure pulsation discharge of the supply pump 102 (fluctuation) as pressure-wave emission in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134.
If pressure pulsation produces with respect to the upstream of fuel flow direction at throttle orifice piston 106, and arrive the first pressure receiving surface of (acting on) throttle orifice piston 106 with the form of pressure wave, so throttle orifice piston 106 just be under pressure ripple influence and move to low voltage side (among Figure 14 downwards).Therefore, the pressure pulsation that propagates in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 has just weakened.Because throttle orifice 107 is formed on throttle orifice piston 106 inside, pressure pulsation is also weakened by the restriction effect of throttle orifice 107.
The sparger 104 that connects with a plurality of cylindrical part 134 is by opening the injection of carrying out to the firing chamber of each cylinder of motor off and at different injection timings.Therefore, when the sparger 104 in first cylinder in being installed in a plurality of cylinders was opened, the internal pressure of pipe 113 reduced temporarily.The pressure pulsation of high pressure and low pressure produces in the fuel channel 147 of pipe 113.Pressure pulsation propagates into the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134 as pressure wave (for example, producing reflected wave according to the open and close that is installed in the sparger 104 in first cylinder) corresponding to first cylinder of motor.
If pressure pulsation produces with respect to the downstream of fuel flow direction at throttle orifice piston 106, and arrive the second pressure receiving surface of (acting on) throttle orifice piston 106 with the form of pressure wave, so throttle orifice piston 106 just be under pressure ripple influence and move to low voltage side (among Figure 14 upwards).Therefore, the pressure pulsation that propagates in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 has just weakened.Because throttle orifice 107 is formed on throttle orifice piston 106 inside, pressure pulsation is also weakened by the restriction effect of throttle orifice 107.
Therefore, propagate into the pressure pulsation (discharge of supply pump 102 pulsation: pressure wave) can reduce and can thoroughly be limited substantially of the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of cylindrical part 132 from the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134.Propagate into the pressure pulsation (reflected wave that produces by certain cylinder of open and close: pressure wave) can reduce and thoroughly limited substantially of the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of cylindrical part 132 from the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of each cylindrical part 134.
Therefore, pressure accumulating chamber's 131 pressure inside pulsation can reduce and thoroughly be limited substantially, thereby makes the internal pressure (common rail pressure) of pressure accumulating chamber 131 stable.Therefore, can reduce the influence of emitted dose feature (valve of sparger 104 is opened regularly and valve timeing closing, i.e. injection timing or fuel injection amount and fueling injection pressure) to each cylinder of motor.Therefore, the difference of the difference of the jet pressure between the cylinder and the emitted dose between the cylinder can reduce and thoroughly be limited substantially.Because pressure accumulating chamber's 131 pressure inside pulsation reduces and thoroughly limited substantially, can improve the reliability of the common rail pressure of common rail pressure sensor 127 detections.
Throttle orifice piston 106 according to present embodiment is formed with the first and second major diameter parts 151,152 of internal diameter greater than the restrictor diameter of throttle orifice 107 at the upstream and downstream of throttle orifice piston 106.Throttle orifice 107 reduces with respect to the factory length of the whole axial length of throttle orifice piston 106.Therefore, the required throttle orifice manufacturing cycle of manufacture process that is used for throttle orifice shortens, wherein the high-precision manufacturing technology of this process need, for example inner circumference cutting method or inner circumference inner circumference Ginding process.What be different from common rail described in the JP-A-2001-207930 is, do not use first and second spring pressures that are arranged on throttle orifice piston upstream and downstream with respect to the fuel flow direction, just can reduce and thoroughly limit accumulator chamber 131 pressure inside substantially to pulse.The number of part and the number of assembling work can reduce, thereby reduce cost.
In the common rail 103 according to present embodiment, each throttle orifice piston 106 is formed with slidingsurface 154, and this slidingsurface 154 can slide on the slidingsurface of each cylindrical part 134 along the axial direction of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134.The slidingsurface 154 of each throttle orifice piston 106 is arranged to longer than the axial passage length of throttle orifice 107.The axial length of the slidingsurface 154 of each throttle orifice piston 106 is than the axial passage length sum of the long first and second major diameter parts 151,152 of axial passage length of throttle orifice 107.Therefore, when throttle orifice piston 106 in axial direction slided on the slidingsurface of each cylindrical part 134, throttle orifice piston 106 was just more stable along the relative movement of the axial direction of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of each cylindrical part 134.
Therefore, suppressed of the inclination of the axis of each throttle orifice piston 106 with respect to the axis generation of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133.Thereby suppressed under the state of axis with respect to the axis run-off the straight of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of throttle orifice piston 106, because the locking of the throttle orifice piston 106 that the interference between the slidingsurface of throttle orifice piston 106 and inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 causes.Therefore, propagate into the pressure pulsation (pressure wave in the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of rail body 105 of common rail 103, reflected wave) attenuating can further improve, and can further improve the reliability of each throttle orifice piston 106 sliding movement in axial direction.
Throttle orifice piston 106 is inserted in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of each cylindrical part 134, and then, a plurality of backstops 137 are near the hole wall surface that is mounted to intercommunicating pore 133 inside and outside each first fuel port 135 of a plurality of cylindrical part 134 by press-fit process etc.Made common rail 103 thus.When the common rail 103 that a plurality of throttle orifice pistons 106 and backstop 137 are installed sent to the position of next assembly process, first port one 35 of a plurality of cylindrical part 134 stopped by backstop 137.Therefore, can prevent that throttle orifice piston 106 breaks away from first fuel port 135 of cylindrical part 34.Each backstop 137 can be assembled into backstop 137 can or be removed from it near the hole wall surface that is connected to intercommunicating pore 133 inside and outside each first fuel port 135 of a plurality of cylindrical part 134.For example, inner periphery screw thread (internal thread) can form on the inner circumference of cylindrical part 134, and peripheral thread (outside thread) can form on the excircle of backstop 137.Therefore, cylindrical part 134 and backstop 137 can be tied by being threaded.
Next, with reference to the common rail of Figure 16 explanation according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.First backstop 155 and second backstop 156 are press fit on the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 according to the cylindrical part 134 of present embodiment.Cylindrical bushing pipe 157 is inserted in the cylindrical part 134 between second annular end face of first annular end face of each first backstop 155 and each second backstop 156.First annular end face of first backstop 155 is provided with the backstop 137 similar first restriction faces 141 (L1) with first exemplary embodiment.First penetration hole 161 forms in each first backstop 155, is used to connect each inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 and each first fuel port 135.Second annular end face of second backstop 156 is provided with when throttle orifice piston 106 moves with respect to each cylindrical part 134 of rail body 105, is used to limit the second restriction face 142 (L2) of the shaft orientation moving range of each throttle orifice piston 106.Second penetration hole 162 forms in second backstop 156, is used to connect the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 and second fuel port 136.
Inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 is formed on each bushing pipe 157 inside.Inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 connects first penetration hole 161 of first backstop 155 and second penetration hole 162 of second backstop 156.Inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 extends along the direction identical with the axial direction of each cylindrical part 134 towards second annular end face of second backstop 156 substantially as the crow flies from first annular end face of first backstop 155.
The polishing of bushing pipe 157 waits and carries out by inner circumference cutting action, inner circumference grinding process, promptly improves surface accuracy so that the inner peripheral surface of bushing pipe 157 has predetermined internal diameter.The inner peripheral surface of bushing pipe 157 is provided with slidingsurface 159, and wherein, the slidingsurface 154 of throttle orifice piston 106 slides on this slidingsurface 159.
Throttle orifice piston 106 is in axial direction formed between the slidingsurface 159 of the slidingsurface 154 of throttle orifice piston 106 and bushing pipe 157 at the required predetermined gap that slides smoothly on the slidingsurface 159 of bushing pipe 157.Therefore, be provided with throttle orifice piston 106 so that throttle orifice piston 106 can slide smoothly on the slidingsurface 159 of bushing pipe 157.Therefore, can improve the attenuating of the pressure pulsation (pressure wave, reflected wave) of the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of the rail body 105 that is transmitted to common rail 103.In addition, can improve each throttle orifice piston 106 reliability of sliding movement in axial direction.
Next, with reference to the common rail of Figure 17 explanation according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.The top end surface 141 (first annular end face) of each pipe connection head 114 of 112,113 is provided with the first restriction face L1, is used for limiting when throttle orifice piston 106 moves with respect to the cylindrical part 134 of rail body 105 shaft orientation moving range of each throttle orifice piston 106.Second annular end face 142 of the end difference office of each cylindrical part 134 of the rail body 105 of rail 103 is provided with the similar second restriction face L2 with the embodiment of Figure 13 altogether.
In the present embodiment, as to the substituting of the embodiment's of Figure 13 backstop 137, first annular end face of the connection head 114 of each pipe 112,113 is as preventing that during the conveying of rail body 105 throttle orifice piston 106 breaks away from and be used to limit the backstop of the complete lifting capacity of each throttle orifice piston 106.Therefore, can eliminate backstop 137 among the embodiment of Figure 13.Therefore, can reduce the number of part and the number of assembling work, thereby reduce cost.
Next, with reference to the common rail 103 of Figure 18 explanation according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.First backstop 155 and second backstop 156 are press fit on the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 according to the cylindrical part 134 of present embodiment.As substituting of the throttle orifice piston 106 among the embodiment of Figure 13 to Figure 17, throttle valve 109 is slidingly received in each cylindrical part 134 between second annular end face of first annular end face of first backstop 155 and second backstop 156.Helical spring 116 is included in cylindrical part 134 between the first step part (edge of opening of first penetration hole 161) of first backstop 155 and second step portion of throttle valve 109 (step portion between small diameter portion and the large-diameter portion branch), first backstop 155 etc.
First backstop 155 of present embodiment is formed with cylindrical sleeve part 164, and this sleeve part 164 is formed with the spring conditioning chamber 163 that also can be used as inside and outside intercommunicating pore.Sleeve part 164 from the excircle of the first step of first backstop 155 part towards pressure accumulating chamber's 131 straight extensions.First annular end face being provided with of the sleeve part 164 of first backstop 155 is used for limiting the first restriction face 141 (first valve seat) of the complete lifting capacity (FL of Figure 18) of throttle valve 109.Second annular end face being provided with of second backstop 156 is used to limit the second restriction face 142 (second valve seat) of the complete lifting capacity FL of throttle valve 109.When the same each cylindrical part 134 with respect to rail body 105 of embodiment of throttle valve 109 image patterns 13 to Figure 17 moved, the first and second restriction faces 141,142 limited each throttle valve 109 moving range in axial direction.
Throttle valve 109 is forging products or by the low-durometer material extrusion-molded product that forms of low-carbon (LC) crude steel for example.Each throttle valve 109 is contained in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of each cylindrical part 134, so that throttle valve 109 can slide along the axial direction of inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133.Each throttle valve 109 is at default location and make linear reciprocating motion between the raised position fully, wherein, at the default location place, throttle valve 109 is sitting on the second restriction face 142 (second valve seat) of second backstop 156, in complete raised position, throttle valve 109 is sitting on the first restriction face 141 (first valve seat) of first backstop 155.
Each throttle valve 109 has the columniform small diameter portion that is formed with first diametric hole 151 and throttle orifice 107 and is formed with second largest diametric hole 152 and has cylindrical major diameter part (large outer-diametric portion) greater than the third-largest diametric hole 153 of the internal diameter of second largest diametric hole 152.The top of the small diameter portion of each throttle valve 109 always is assemblied in the spring conditioning chamber 163 of sleeve part 164 of first backstop 155.The gap always is formed between the inner peripheral surface of sleeve part 164 of the outer peripheral surface of small diameter portion of throttle valve 109 and first backstop 155.
Each throttle valve 109 has sliding parts, and this sliding parts is round second and the third-largest diametric hole 152,153, and the slidingsurface clamping slidably of the cylindrical part 134 by rail body 105.The outer peripheral surface of the sliding parts of each throttle valve 109 is provided with slidingsurface 154, and this slidingsurface 154 can slide at the axial direction of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of the slidingsurface upper edge of cylindrical part 134 cylindrical part 134.The axial length of the slidingsurface 154 of throttle valve 109 is than the axial passage length long second of throttle orifice 107 and the axial passage length of the third-largest diametric hole 152,153.
Making each throttle valve 109 do required predetermined (minimum) gap of linear reciprocating motion (slip) in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of each cylindrical part 134 forms between the slidingsurface of the slidingsurface 154 of throttle valve 109 and cylindrical part 134.The circular shape of corner, outer periphery chamfering or the taper shape of one end of each throttle valve 109 (upper end of Figure 18) are so that throttle valve 109 carries out smooth reciprocal and linear motion (sliding movement) in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of each cylindrical part 134.
The first diametric hole 151 of each throttle valve 109 and first surface of contact between the throttle orifice 107 and first stepped surfaces are served as the first pressure receiving surface that is used to receive fuel pressure.The throttle orifice 107 of each throttle valve 109 and second surface of contact between the second largest diametric hole 152 and second stepped surfaces are served as the second pressure receiving surface that is used to receive fuel pressure.In the present embodiment, throttle valve 109 heads on the second restriction face 142 of second backstop 156 by the spring load of helical spring 116.Therefore, even the first pressure receiving surface, one side is higher than the pressure on the second pressure receiving surface, one side, throttle valve 109 can further not reduce than state shown in Figure 180 yet.
The first step of first backstop 155 part (edge of opening of first penetration hole 161) is provided with first spring seat 165 of the annular of the spring load that is used to receive helical spring 116.Second step portion of throttle valve 109 (small diameter portion and large-diameter portion divide between step portion) is provided with second spring seat 166 of the annular of the spring load that is used to receive helical spring 116.
Each helical spring 116 is contained in the spring conditioning chamber 163 of sleeve part 164 of the inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of each cylindrical part 134 and first backstop 155.Helical spring 116 is arranged between second spring seat 166 of first spring seat 165 of each first backstop 155 and each throttle valve 109 so that resiliently deformable can in axial direction take place spring 116.The coil inner circumference of helical spring 116 by the outer peripheral surface clamping of the small diameter portion of each throttle valve 109.The coil excircle of helical spring 116 by the inner peripheral surface clamping of the sleeve part 164 of first backstop 155.Helical spring 116 applies spring load along being used for the direction that second surface of contact with throttle valve 109 is expressed to the second restriction face 142 of second backstop 156 to each throttle valve 109.
Therefore, in common rail 103 according to present embodiment, when the pressure pulsation (pressure wave) that produces in the pressure accumulating chamber 131 in rail body 105 acts on the second pressure receiving surface of (arrival) throttle valve 109 and throttle valve 109 along the direction of separating with the second restriction face 142 of second backstop 156 (Figure 18 upward to) when mobile, the lifting capacity of throttle valve 109 limits by the spring load of single helical spring 116.Therefore, can improve the attenuating of pressure accumulating chamber's 131 pressure inside pulsation (pressure wave) of the rail body 105 that is transmitted to common rail 103.In the common rail 103 according to present embodiment, helical spring 116 is contained in each inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 of cylindrical part 134 of rail body 105.Therefore, can make resilient member (spring) for example the number of helical spring 116 be reduced to minimum.Therefore, the number of part and the number of assembling work can reduce, thereby reduce cost.
Next, with reference to the common rail of Figure 19 explanation according to another one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Have the rail body 105 that is used for accumulating fuel under high pressure and precession and be fastened to a plurality of tube connectors 117 of the pipe fastening part 143 (ring pipe) of rail body 105 according to the common rail 103 of present embodiment in inside.In the present embodiment, throttle valve 109, helical spring 116 and first backstop 155 are contained in each tube connector 117.Rail body 105 has the cylindrical part 132 that is formed with pressure accumulating chamber 131 in inside.The radially outward of pipe fastening part 143 from the excircle of cylindrical part 132 along cylindrical part 132 stretches out.Inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 is formed in each pipe fastening part 143.
Each pipe fastening part 143 serves as connector part, wherein tube connector 117 precessions and be fixed to connector part.The excircle of pipe fastening part 143 forms peripheral thread 145 (outside thread), the inner periphery screw thread 169 (internal thread) of this screw thread by forming on the inner circumference that is threaded in tube connector 117.First annular end face being provided with of the sleeve part 164 of first backstop 155 is used to limit the first restriction face 141 (first valve seat) of the complete lifting capacity FL of throttle valve 109.Second annular end face being provided with of edge of opening of pipe fastening part 143 is used to limit the second restriction face 142 (second valve seat) of the complete lifting capacity FL of throttle valve 109.When the same each cylindrical part 134 with respect to rail body 105 of embodiment of throttle valve 109 image patterns 187 moved, the first and second restriction faces 141,142 limited each throttle valve 109 moving range in axial direction.
Each tube connector 117 has Hexagon anastomosis part 170, first cylindrical part 171 and second cylindrical part 172.Spiral tool can engage with anastomosis part 170.First cylindrical part 171 is arranged on the upstream (perhaps downstream) of anastomosis part 170 with respect to the fuel flow direction.Second cylindrical part 172 is arranged on the downstream (perhaps upstream) of anastomosis part 170 with respect to the fuel flow direction.The external diameter of first and second cylindrical parts 171,172 is less than the external diameter of the anastomosis part 170 among the embodiment.First and second cylindrical parts 171 have the external diameter less than second cylindrical part 172 among the embodiment.The anastomosis part 170 and first and second cylindrical parts 171,172 have cylindrical part 175.The first and second inside and outside intercommunicating pores 173,174 that pass through first penetration hole, 161 connections of first backstop 155 each other form in cylindrical part 175.
The first inside and outside intercommunicating pore 173 is first communication passage that connect each fuel channel 146,147 of the second inside and outside intercommunicating pore 174 in the pressure accumulating chamber and outer tube 112,113.The first inside and outside intercommunicating pore 173 has the internal diameter ground internal diameter greater than first penetration hole 161 of first backstop 155.The second inside and outside intercommunicating pore 174 is second communication passage of the first inside and outside intercommunicating pore 173 on inside and outside intercommunicating pore 133 and the outside that connects on pressure accumulating chamber's one side.The second inside and outside intercommunicating pore 174 has the internal diameter greater than the internal diameter of first penetration hole 161 of first backstop 155 and the first inside and outside intercommunicating pore 173.With respect to axial direction, the hole wall surface of the cylindrical part 175 on the opposite side (downside of Figure 19) of the second inside and outside intercommunicating pore 174 is provided with slidingsurface, and the sliding parts (slidingsurface) 154 that is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of throttle valve 109 can slide thereon.
First cylindrical part 171 of tube connector 117 serves as and is used for being fastened on first connector part of managing 112 downstream or managing 113 upstream extremity place by the connection head 114 that uses pipe tightening nut 115 will form flange shape.The excircle of first cylindrical part 171 forms peripheral thread (outside thread) 176, is connected with inner periphery screw thread (internal thread) 144 spirals that form on the inner circumference of managing tightening nut 115.Lock at the sticking department of pipe tightening nut 115 under the state of step portion of each pipe connection head 114 of 112,113, the inner periphery screw thread 144 of pipe tightening nut 115 assembles and is screwed on the peripheral thread 176 of first cylindrical part 171 with the peripheral thread of first cylindrical part 171 176.Therefore, the seat surface that forms circular cone shape on the excircle of each pipe connection head 114 of 112,113 heads on the inner peripheral surface (pressure of circular cone shape receives seat surface) of the opening end of tube connector 117.Therefore, between each pipe 112,113 connection head 114 and tube connector 117, realized that liquid-tight seal is metallic seal.
Second cylindrical part 172 of each tube connector 117 serve as fastening and be fixed to rail body 105 each the pipe fastening part 143 second connector part.The inner circumference of each second cylindrical part 172 is formed with inner periphery screw thread 169, this screw thread be formed on rail body 105 each the pipe fastening part 143 excircle on peripheral thread 145 spirals be connected.The peripheral thread 145 of pipe fastening part 143 and 169 assemblings of the inner periphery screw thread of second cylindrical part 172, and the peripheral thread 145 of tube connector 117 precession pipe fastening parts 143.Therefore, the stepped surfaces of tube connector 117 heads on the pressure receiving surface of pipe fastening part 143, is metallic seal so that form liquid-tight seal between the pipe fastening part 143 of rail body 105 and tube connector 117.
The first diametric hole 151 of each throttle valve 109 and first surface of contact between the throttle orifice 107 and first stepped surfaces are served as the first pressure receiving surface that is used to receive fuel pressure.The throttle orifice 107 of each throttle valve 109 and second surface of contact between the second largest diametric hole 152 and second stepped surfaces are served as the second pressure receiving surface that is used to receive fuel pressure.In the present embodiment, throttle valve 109 heads on the second restriction face 142 of pipe fastening part 143 (edge of opening) by the spring load of helical spring 116.Therefore, even the pressure of the first pressure receiving surface, one side is higher than the pressure on the second pressure receiving surface, one side, throttle valve 109 can further not reduce than state shown in Figure 19 yet.
The first step of first backstop 155 part (edge of opening of first penetration hole 161) is provided with first spring seat 165 of the annular of the spring load that is used to receive helical spring 116.Second step portion of throttle valve 109 (small diameter portion and large-diameter portion divide between step portion) is provided with second spring seat 166 of the annular of the spring load that is used to receive helical spring 116.
The cross-sectional area of the throttle orifice 107 that forms in each throttle valve 109 is far smaller than the second inside and outside intercommunicating pore 174.Each throttle valve 109 is formed with first diametric hole 151 with respect to the flow direction of fuel in the upstream (perhaps downstream) of throttle orifice 107, is formed with second largest diametric hole 152 in the downstream (perhaps upstream) of throttle orifice 107.First annular end face on the outside of the major diameter part (large outer-diametric portion) of each throttle valve 109 is provided with first surface of contact of the first restriction face 141 (L1) that can contact first backstop 155 that is press fit into cylindrical part 175 when throttle valve 109 moves with respect to cylindrical part 175.
Second annular end face of the major diameter of the throttle valve 109 on pressure accumulating chamber's one side part (large outer-diametric portion) is provided with second surface of contact that can contact the second restriction face 142 that the pipe fastening part 143 with rail body 105 integrally forms when throttle valve 109 moves with respect to cylindrical part 175.Helical spring 116 applies spring load along being used for the direction that second surface of contact with throttle valve 109 is expressed to the second restriction face 142 of pipe fastening part 143 to each throttle valve 109.First backstop 155 is force-fitted near the opening end of the second inside and outside intercommunicating pore 174 of cylindrical part 175.
Therefore, in common rail 103 according to present embodiment, when the pressure pulsation (pressure wave) that produces in the pressure accumulating chamber 131 in rail body 105 acts on the second pressure receiving surface of (arrivals) throttle valve 109 and throttle valve 109 along the direction of separating with the second restriction face 142 of managing fastening part 143 (Figure 19 upward to) when mobile, the lifting capacity of throttle valve 109 just limits by the spring load of helical spring 116.Therefore, can improve the attenuating of pressure pulsation (pressure wave) of the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of the rail body 105 that is transmitted to common rail 103.Because helical spring 116 is contained in each second inside and outside intercommunicating pore 174 of cylindrical part 175 of rail body 105 of common rail 103 of present embodiment, thus resilient member (spring) for example the number of helical spring 116 can be reduced to minimum.Therefore, the number of part and the number of assembling work can reduce, thereby reduce cost.
In the above-described embodiments, rail body 105 has cylindrical part 132, and this partial interior is formed with the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of the extrusion-molded product that forms as forging product or by for example low charcoal crude steel of low-durometer material.Perhaps, rail body 105 can have inside and is formed with the ovallized column of pressure accumulating chamber 131 or the cylindrical section of long-round-shape post.Tube connector 117 can be connected directly to the cylindrical part 132 of rail body 105, and cylindrical part or tubular portion are not set in rail body 105.The connecting means of rail body 105 and tube connector 117 is not limited to be threaded.For example can use welding method.
In the above-described embodiments, by pipe (high pressure pump line) 112 from supply pump 102 to the cylindrical part 134 (175) that wherein imports fuel under high pressure, the fuel under high pressure that is used for being accumulated in pressure accumulating chamber 131 is installed in the cylindrical part 134 (175) of the sparger 104 in each cylinder by pipe (gun hose) 113 supplies the excircle of 105 cylindrical part 132 stretches out along identical direction from rail body substantially.The direction of stretching out of cylindrical part 134 (175) can be different.For example, the cylindrical part 134 (175) that connects with pipe (high pressure pump line) 112 can be stretched out along cylindrical part 134 (175) the opposite directions (180 °) that are connected with pipe (gun hose) 113.The direction of stretching out of cylindrical part 134 (175) is not limited to substantially axial direction perpendicular to the pressure accumulating chamber 131 of rail body 105.Stretching out direction can at random be provided with according to the layout of pipe.
The present invention should not be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but can realize with many alternate manners under the prerequisite that does not break away from the scope of the present invention that is defined by appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. one kind is total to rail, comprising:
Be used for accumulating the pressure accumulating chamber of fuel under high pressure in inside;
Be formed with externally threaded pipe joint on its outer peripheral surface, wherein this outside thread can be connected with outer tube;
Be used to be provided at the central part of outer end of pipe joint and the inside and outside intercommunicating pore of the connection between the pressure accumulating chamber; With
Be press fit into the lining of inside and outside intercommunicating pore inside, wherein,
Described lining is formed with press fit part that is press fit into inside and outside intercommunicating pore and the multistage throttle orifice that is formed with on the lining inner peripheral surface, be used to make the fuel flow channel of inside and outside intercommunicating pore to narrow down, on the axial direction of lining, depart from the press fit part so that have the throttle orifice of minimum diameter, thereby prevent to have overlapping between dividing of the throttle orifice of minimum diameter and press-fitted portions in the radial direction at lining
Lining throttle orifice with minimum diameter is arranged on pressure accumulating chamber's one side of press fit part,
Inside and outside intercommunicating pore at the inside diameter of pressure accumulating chamber's one side greater than the outer dia of lining on pressure accumulating chamber's one side.
2. rail altogether as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described throttle orifice comprises the contiguous throttle orifice contiguous with the throttle orifice with minimum diameter, and
Described lining is formed with conical surface, and described conical surface is formed on throttle orifice with minimum diameter and the outer peripheral surface place that is close to the transition portion between the throttle orifice.
3. rail altogether as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described conical surface has the external diameter that reduces towards pressure accumulating chamber.
4. rail altogether as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described throttle orifice comprises the contiguous throttle orifice contiguous with the throttle orifice with minimum diameter, and
The outer peripheral surface place of the transition portion between throttle orifice with minimum diameter and contiguous throttle orifice, lining is formed with ladder.
5. rail altogether as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The outside thread of described pipe joint has thread head on pressure accumulating chamber's one side, and
In the press fit position overlapping with the radially thread head of inside and outside intercommunicating pore, the press-fitted portions branch of lining is press fit into inside and outside intercommunicating pore.
6. a kind of rail altogether as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Lining is formed with the press fit part, press fit part along the radial direction of inside and outside intercommunicating pore not with outside thread position overlapped place, this press-fitted portions branch is press fit in the inside and outside intercommunicating pore.
7. as each described rail altogether in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that,
Inside and outside intercommunicating pore is formed with pressure and discharges periphery on the inserting side of lining, this pressure release periphery has the internal diameter greater than the external diameter of the press fit part of lining.
8. as each described rail altogether in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that,
Inside and outside intercommunicating pore is formed with the press fit periphery, and this press fit periphery is formed on specific pressure and discharges on the darker side of periphery, and has the internal diameter than the little press fit surplus of external diameter of lining press fit part.
9. rail altogether as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that,
Be connected at outer tube under the situation of pipe joint, the axial length that press fit partly has is greater than in the end of the outer tube that is connected to pipe joint with more discharge length between the end of the press fit periphery on the peripheral side near pressure.
10. rail altogether as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Pressure discharges peripheral inside and is used for preventing the guard member that lining breaks away from by the outer tube that contact is connected to pipe joint and lining, wherein,
Be connected under the situation of pipe joint the axial length that the press fit of lining partly has poor greater than between the axial length of the length of end to the end that more discharges the press fit periphery on the peripheral side of the outer tube that is connected to pipe joint and guard member near pressure at outer tube.
11. as each described rail altogether in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that,
Inside and outside intercommunicating pore is formed with the press fit periphery, this press fit periphery extend to its on pipe joint one side the end and have internal diameter less than the external diameter of the press fit part of lining.
CNB2007100020895A 2006-01-20 2007-01-18 Common rail having orifice Expired - Fee Related CN100460665C (en)

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