CN100460648C - Method for reducing over-torsional vibration in crosshead type two-stroke IC engine transmission shaft system - Google Patents
Method for reducing over-torsional vibration in crosshead type two-stroke IC engine transmission shaft system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100460648C CN100460648C CNB2005101251031A CN200510125103A CN100460648C CN 100460648 C CN100460648 C CN 100460648C CN B2005101251031 A CNB2005101251031 A CN B2005101251031A CN 200510125103 A CN200510125103 A CN 200510125103A CN 100460648 C CN100460648 C CN 100460648C
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Abstract
A cross head two-stroke combustion engine sets one of the cylinders in continuous flameout status without any injection fuels. The resulted over torque vibration can be reduced or eliminated through the one or more of the following procedures: a) Keep the exhaust valve of the continuous flameout cylinder close in the overall circulation period. b) Deliberately setting one of the non-discontinuous flameout cylinders to be flameout.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that reduces excessive torsional vibration in the cross-type two-stroke diesel engine transmission shaft system, above-mentioned cross-type two-stroke diesel engine has at least 4 cylinders, described 4 cylinders have outlet valve separately, and above-mentioned transmission shaft system comprises: at least one bent axle; At least one driven shaft, described driven shaft are connected on the above-mentioned bent axle; With at least one driven unit, as a propeller cavitation and/or a generator, described driven unit is driven by above-mentioned driven shaft, above-mentioned excessive torsional vibration is produced by harmonic force in the internal-combustion engine and node eigenfrequency resonance, an above-mentioned node eigenfrequency is used for torsional vibration, and described torsional vibration has the vibration node that is arranged in above-mentioned at least one driven shaft.
Background technique
Known this method is used for having the motor (requiring the preference of Japanese patent application No.71954/90) of 6 cylinders from EP 0 447 697 A2.In this motor, the eigenfrequency of node torsional vibration resonance in six rank harmonic forces and the screw shaft.It is minimum that torsional vibration when motor is turned round under causing the speed of synchronous vibration reduces to, the time lag of in half cylinder of motor, fuel being sprayed, and the fuel of these delays sprays the phase shift that causes the 6th order harmonic component, therefore the amplitude of torsional vibration is reduced.The measure that this method that the torsional vibration degree is reduced is during normal working of engine to be adopted, that is the measure of when motor turns round under certain speed, always adopting.
WO 97/23716 has described the trunk engine in a kind of Motor Vehicle, and described trunk engine needs pressurized air.In order when Motor Vehicle needs pressurized air, to supply this pressurized air, can to cylinder and simultaneously the outlet of cylinder be transformed into a compressed air container replacement and be transformed into vent systems by stopping up supply of fuel, utilize one or more cylinders in the motor as compressor.When with some cylinder during as compressor unit, the vibration pattern in the motor changes, and changes and reduce extent of vibration in order to compensate this vibration pattern, needs to change the fuel quantity that is ejected in other cylinder.Yet significant disadvantages of the method for this compensation vibration is that heat load increases on the cylinder of amount supplied outer fuel.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to make and start function under high-engine load, to continue many hours of operation after in a cylinder, breaking down.
For this reason, it is characterized in that according to the method described in the present invention, at least one cylinder wherein temporarily is in does not have fault state flame-out continuously under the fuel injection situation, consequently above-mentioned harmonic force causes above-mentioned excessive torsional vibration, and the one or more steps through the following steps reduce or eliminate above-mentioned excessive torsional vibration:
A) during whole engine cycles, make above-mentioned at least one outlet valve that is in continuously the cylinder of flame-out fault state keep closing, and/or
B) cylinder that makes at least one not be in continuously flame-out fault state is in flameout state intentionally.
In the prior art motor, require usually to be, if a cylinder then is reduced to very low degree with long-term engine load not according to normal mode work.The caused load of effect that lacks that the demand that reduces load has been surpassed by unusual cylinder reduces, because need extra load to reduce by the vibration problem that imbalance caused, above-mentioned imbalance is caused by the power effect maneuvering engine of unusual motor deficiency.Uneven may cause extent of vibration do not allow motor on motor in the load range with some speed continuous operation, and therefore may require motor under very low load, to work.The result is can not execute the task as desired in the unit that is driven by motor.When motor was main engine on the ship, the speed of ship was owing to motor reduces than low-load.
Under the situation according to the method for the invention, unusual cylinder temporarily is placed to be in does not have under the fuel injection situation flame-out continuously fault state.Unusual cylinder state can be such as wherein one or more detections as following sign: the delivery temperature level of rising; Too high combustion residue amount, this may be caused by the Fuelinjection nozzle malfunction; The temperature levels that on cylinder liner, raises, etc.In modern cross-type two-stroke diesel engine, each cylinder part all is designed to work under the condition of the intensity of utilizing material maximum possible limit and thermal characteristics, therefore importantly do not make each cylinder part excess load, the particularly important is and avoid the thermal overload longer time.
The advantage that provides according to the method described in the present invention is that if unusual cylinder state produces, then can be placed to cylinder to be in have fault state flame-out continuously under the fuel injection situation.This has protected the continuous running of motor under safety condition.
Owing to a cylinder is placed to is in that caused excessive torsional vibration reduces or carry out balance by wherein one or more steps of using above-mentioned steps under the continuously flame-out fault state.Applying step a) and/or the result of step b) be final torsional vibration pattern is remained in the tolerance limit, and any extra load of having avoided causing owing to undue oscillation to reduce.Remaining cylinder can be under their full load conditions work really long days, as desired under without undergoing too high thermal force state.Significance in this respect is extra thermal force not to be placed on the remaining cylinders vibrating reactive step.
Step a) is to vibrating reactive most preferred measure, because when keeping the exhaust valve closure of this cylinder during whole engine cycles, the cylinder that only is in continuously flame-out fault state is influenced.When during whole engine cycles, keeping exhaust valve closure, reduce pressure during expansion stroke at formed compression pressure during the compression stroke, and make the air-flow of turnover cylinder reduce to minimum.This causes that during a complete engine cycles power that acts on the piston so changes, and consequently compares by the situation of traditional approach switch with outlet valve during engine cycles and makes the damping of vibration pattern.
Step b) also causes the damping of vibration pattern, but nature, can not exert an influence to engine load by having a mind to the cylinder that flameout state places.When motor is planned in any case in partial load, as 75% load or less than motor at full capacity (MCR-maximum continuous rating (MaximumContinuous Rating)) down during running, step b) is normally preferred.
In some cases, burning such as, event exhaust valve seat is to make cylinder be in the reason of continuously flame-out fault state, and then step a) can only certain applications or can not used at all.Applying step b so preferably).
Preferably, keep above-mentioned at least one be in the step a) of exhaust valve closure in the cylinder of flame-out fault state, have only when working in the predetermined load interval of load limitation on internal-combustion engine has and just use, the above-mentioned load limitation of going up is less than 100% load (MCR), and during the engine cycles when engine load be higher than above-mentioned on load in limited time, just start above-mentioned outlet valve opening and closing.For concrete engine application, the decision of the eigenfrequency of the torsional vibration of a node wherein needs to reduce between the load zones of torsional vibration.Can be between load zones such as the engine load that is from 75 to 85%.When under motor is being higher than the load of the upper limit between above-mentioned load zones, working, advantageously during engine cycles, press normal mode switch pair air valve, because this causes ventilating to cylinder with cold intake air, when opening with convenient outlet valve, each cylinder part is flow through the air cooling of cylinder to low temperature.
Preferably, outlet valve is activated by hydraulic type, so that the action that valve is opened that begins to be controlled by an electronic control unit.The electronic control of outlet valve motion and hydraulic starting itself is known in big two stroke engine technology, but can be used in this article implementing the outlet valve control gear is implemented the situation of normal switch motion from the outlet valve on the concrete cylinder therein during engine cycles, be transformed into the situation that wherein during whole engine cycles, keeps exhaust valve closure automatically.This embodiment is particularly suitable for not having the motor of camshaft control outlet valve motion.Have a traditional camshaft at motor and be used to control under the situation of outlet valve motion, require manually to cancel the outlet valve motion,, outlet valve is placed on the specific cylinder with closed state so that during whole engine cycles.This cancel can such as, implement by a cam lift handle is moved on to a locked position, on above-mentioned locked position place cam follower top from outlet valve intrinsic cam.
When motor accelerates to higher engine load, it is an advantage that the fuel quantity that increases gradually is ejected in each cylinder, and in order to realize this point with engine speed simultaneously by causing with the velocity range of the harmony mutually of the eigenfrequency of a node torsional vibration, preferably make step a) have first priority, and be first step to be used, and step b) has lower preference, and just just uses when step a) is not enough to reduce excessive torsional vibration.
When applying step a) keep making above-mentioned at least one when being in the exhaust valve closure of cylinder of flame-out fault state, preferably engine load evenly distributes on the remaining cylinders of motor.By doing like this, the thermal force on the remaining cylinders is evenly distributed on these cylinders, and can to make the fuel quantity that is added on these cylinders all be maximum on all remaining cylinders, so that be issued to the engine power of maximum possible in existing working state.Therefore remaining cylinders is not being produced under the situation of any danger, making to have a negative effect that is in the cylinder of continuously flame-out fault state and reduce to minimum.
Except step a) and/or step b), can also use a step c), described step c) comprises that a fuel quantity that is ejected at least one cylinder that is not in continuously flame-out fault state changes over different with the fuel quantity that is ejected into remaining cylinders.When engine retard or when motor running hours under partial load, can be such as the measure of using this extra excessive torsional vibration of minimizing.Therefore between deceleration period, the one or more cylinders in the remaining cylinders can be used the fuel quantity supply of lacking than other cylinder of remaining cylinders, reduce or surpass excessive torsional vibration.For the minimizing that reduces the required total fuel quantity of engine load in other words be by add less fuel or not fueling to concrete cylinder or by other remaining cylinder being kept big fuel input obtain.Under partial load, the fuel that is added to remaining cylinders can be distributed in the remaining cylinders unevenly with same way as, is added to maximum dose in any cylinder and be no more than fuel.
Preferably, be ejected into the step c) that fuel quantity at least one cylinder is used the fuel quantity that change sprays by minimizing, above-mentioned at least one cylinder has a firing angle, the firing angle of described firing angle and the cylinder that is in flame-out fault state differs an angle in the scope of ((360 ° * n+180 °)/i) ± 60 °/i, i is the vibration rank herein, and n is at 0 integer to (i-1) scope.Aspect second order vibration (i=2), when the fuel quantity that reduces being applied to its igniting and being in cylinder firing angle under the flame-out fault state and differing 90 °, obtain the maximum efficiency of step c), and when firing angle be in above-mentioned 60 ° of-120 ° of scopes the time, obtain significant effect.
In addition preferably, at least one cylinder is placed to is in intentionally that the step b) of flameout state is applied at least one cylinder, described at least one cylinder has a firing angle, described firing angle and the firing angle that is in flame-out fault state differ an angle in the scope of ((360 ° * n+180 °)/i) ± 60 °/i, i is the rank of vibration herein, and n is at 0 integer to (i-1) scope.When being applied to a cylinder having a mind to flameout state, when described cylinder igniting differs 90 ° with the cylinder firing angle that is in flame-out fault state, obtain the maximum efficiency of step b), and when firing angle be in above-mentioned 60 ° of-120 ° of scopes the time, obtain significant effect.
Description of drawings
Be described in more detail according to the method described in the present invention referring to very simple accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the main engine side view with a jack shaft and a screw shaft,
Fig. 2 is the partial sectional view that passes a cylinder segmentation of motor among Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 is the torsional vibration mode illustration with a node, and a described node is arranged in the transmission shaft system at motor rear portion.
Fig. 4 is that outlet valve moves with the different curves that change of crankangle during being illustrated in an engine cycles,
Fig. 5-7 is illustrated in the motor normal operation period, is under the continuously flame-out fault state situation at a cylinder and does not take to reduce torsional vibration step run duration, and when making outlet valve be in continuously that maintenance is closed in the cylinder of flame-out fault state, the plotted curve of torsional vibration result of calculation.
Embodiment
Motor depicted in figure 1 shows that a kind of for example is to be the diesel-type 6 cylinder engines with outside guide 1 of fuel with oil and/or gas.Motor can be the trade mark (make) ME or the MC type such as the claimant, the trade mark
With RTA or RT-flex type, perhaps trade mark Mitsubishi.Cylinder bore diameter can be in the 35-120cm scope, and the output of each cylinder can be in the 400-7000kw scope or bigger.Motor is a kind of in line engine, and it can have such as 4-14 or more cylinder.
The transmission shaft system of motor comprises a bent axle 2, and at least one is connected to driven shaft 3 and at least one driven unit 4 on the bent axle.When motor as on the ship during main engine, at least one driven shaft 3 comprises a screw shaft 3a and may one or more jack shaft 3b, and driven unit 4 be one can with the direct-connected propeller cavitation of screw shaft.At motor is under the situation of stationary engine in the power station, and above-mentioned at least one driven shaft comprises running shaft and the perhaps one or more jack shaft in the generator, and the bent axle of described jack shaft usefulness motor connects the axle in the generator, and driven unit is a generator.
Engine plant can have various layouts.In some cases, it is desirable to utilize a coupling drive (coupling), described coupling drive is inserted between bent axle and the screw shaft.If propeller cavitation belongs to the CP type with a variable pitch, then can between bent axle and screw shaft, put an oil distributing shaft, be used for that hydraulic fluid is supplied to propeller cavitation and regulate its pitch.Alternatively, propeller cavitation can be the FP type with fixed knot distance.Although propeller cavitation preferably directly is connected with bent axle, it also can place a gearing in transmission shaft system, perhaps a gearing and a generator shaft is connected to be used to drive generator on the transmission shaft system.Transmission shaft system can have some vibration dampers in addition.
With regard to transmission shaft system, torsional vibration has considerable influence to the stress levels overall in the transmission shaft system.Torsional vibration is because in load that the motor run duration changes in by cylinder pressure and caused each cylinder of oscillating mass, deflection by the possible contraposition of base plate in the inaccurate and base plate, and the power that produced of crankshaft stroke deflection, and begins in bent axle.The load that changes on the bent axle causes at axial and torsional direction (sense of rotation of transmission shaft system) and goes up vibration.Pass in the torsional load that begins on the bent axle on all other parts of transmission shaft system.In all parts of transmission shaft system, warping stress must remain in the permissible limit, no matter it is used for the fatigue fracture limit of steel axle or the thermal force limit on shaft coupling and the vibration damper.The purpose that warping stress is remained in the above-mentioned limit is to avoid the spindle unit fracture, and described spindle unit fracture can cause system destruction.
Fig. 2 illustrates the cylinder segmentation in the big two-stroke turbocharging internal-combustion engines upper part.Each cylinder in the motor has a cylinder liner 5, has a scavenge port 6 at the lower end of lining 5.A piston 7 is installed in the lining, and is connected to the relevant throw of crank of bent axle 2 by piston rod 8, crosshead and connecting rod (not shown) by traditional mode that is used for engine with outside guide.
In Fig. 2, piston 7 illustrates and is in the bottom dead center position, exposes scavenge port in this position, dead point.Concerning concrete cylinder, this position is equivalent in the engine cycles 180 ° crank angular position, because whole engine cycles comprises 360 ° of rotations (motor is a two-cycle engine) of bent axle.
If motor is MC type or RTA type, then it has a mechanical camshaft with a cam, and described cam rotates synchronously with bent axle, and plunger is moved up and down at some some place of engine cycles.If motor is ME type or RT-flex type, then plunger is driven by hydraulic type according to the setting of control valve in the valve drive 13, and above-mentioned control valve is controlled by an electronic control unit 14 usefulness electronics methods.An advantage of electronic control outlet valve motion is, the opening and close pattern and can be sent to valve drive and change by opening and close signal as desired of outlet valve during engine cycles with desirable timing in the circulation, so the change of pattern does not require in valve drive 13 place's manual tune.
When outlet valve was opened, the ventilation in the ventilation receiver 15 was passed scavenge port 6 and is flowed into cylinder liner, and makes progress into a kind of eddy flow.Outlet valve 9 is passed in ventilation and exhaust manifolds 16 flow out arrival exhaust receiver 17.From exhaust receiver, blast air is crossed the turbo machine of turbosupercharger 18, and the compressor of described turbosupercharger 18 is supplied ventilation receiver 15 with ventilation.
Switch at normal cylinder run duration outlet valve moves in shown in Fig. 4, and curve A is with the different examples that change of crankangle with the typical valve motion shown in the mm among Fig. 4.In the distance of mm is that the outlet valve main shaft moves down how far a kind of from closed position and measures, and in the embodiment shown; The opened 70mm of valve is in a fully open position.The foregoing description shows that opening motion is to be 110 ° in crankangle to locate beginning, locates outlet valve and turns back to closed position and be 250 ° in crankangle.Can certainly be during normal engine cycle beginning valve opened and finish valve cuts out with angle place different described in the embodiment.
Each cylinder all has many fuel injectors 19 (Fig. 2), as two or three fuel injectors of each cylinder.During one or more injection cycles, the about 0 ° of crank shaft angle place in engine cycles sprays into a certain amount of fuel in the cylinder.Engine load is depended at actual crank angle when injection beginning and end.Under 100% engine load, injection can be such as beginning at 350 ° of crank shaft angle places and finishing at about 15 ° of crank shaft angle places.
Fig. 3 illustrates an embodiment of 1 node torsional vibration mode of a kind of motor that is used to have 12 cylinder C1-C12.Plotted curve comprises the mark of cylinder, and bent axle extends between C1 and C12.P represents the position of propeller cavitation 4, and driven shaft 3 extends between P and bent axle 2.Relative torsional deflection when curve d illustrates transmission shaft system and is in the vibration mode with a node N, that is in the relative size of above-mentioned axial positions actual deflection, because each numerical value is by divided by having carried out standardization in the maximum twist displacement at place, transmission shaft system end.Obviously, curve d only is exemplary, and only is applicable to a concrete example, but the principle of being summarized generally is applicable to different embodiments, as has the motor of 4-16 cylinder.
Stress level in the transmission shaft system with exciting force size, transmission shaft system be used for torsional vibration eigenfrequency, and motor rpm (rev/min) difference become, above-mentioned exciting force size depends on cylinder output.The warping stress level can add and determines with excitation vector in so-called each cylinder, because this level depends on the size of exciting force and depends on the exciting force that works in each cylinder when in engine cycles, more particularly, the warping stress level is determined by the firing angle of cylinder.
About vector add and, the oscillating action of single node torsional vibration mode is comprised torsional interaction in each cylinder, above-mentioned torsional interaction becomes in time.With a kind of well-known mode, these oscillating actions can resolve into some harmonic components, and to each rank i of harmonic component, a resonance revolution wi=n/i are all arranged under above-mentioned resonance revolution, resonate with the free frequency n of axle system in the vibration rank.
The transmission shaft system of above-mentioned 12 cylinder engines has an eigenfrequency to be 2 * 79cpm=158 and to be 79rpm to the resonance velocity of second order harmonics vibration (that is i=2), and to have speed under 100% engine load (MCR) be 94rpm.The engine power that is transported to propeller cavitation under MCR is 68.640kw, and this is equivalent to each cylinder 5.720kw.Engine model is 12ME98, and this shows it is 12 cylinders, have outlet valve and drive electronically controlled ME type, and cylinder bore diameter is 98cm.Motor has an igniting in proper order for C1-C8-C12-C4-C2-C9-C10-C5-C3-C7-C11-C6, and between each igniting ignition order even equal crankshaft rotating angle is arranged is 360/12 °=30 °.In this motor, the second rank harmonic force and node eigenfrequency resonance.
To this motor, Fig. 5 illustrates the effective torsional vibration result of calculation of the normal operation of motor.Plotted curve illustrates the curves that the twisting stress in the bent axle changes with the engine speed difference in rpm.When propeller cavitation belonged to fixedly pitch type, engine speed and engine load were proportional, and therefore above-mentioned curve in fact also shows with engine load is different and becomes, and 100% engine load is to be the generation of 97rpm place at engine speed.At the resonance velocity place of 79rpm, the twisting stress curve is at about σ as can be seen
TThere is a maximum value at=19MPa place.
If normal operation is impossible because the operation of one of them cylinder display abnormality raises as delivery temperature, then can be placed on this cylinder and be in the not flame-out continuously fault state of burner oil, and the operation of motor can continue to ship and arrive the port that can check with the overhaul cylinder, if require like this, if perhaps motor is the stationary engine that drives a generator, then motor operation can continue to a bit on time, needs smaller power at this some place or according to plan motor is keeped in repair.Although it is temporary transient that this continuous service is said so on volatile meaning, will cross considerable time usually, as continuous operation one day or several days.
Be in flame-out continuously following time of fault state when single cylinder is placed on, the form of torsional vibration significantly changes.Fig. 6 be illustrated in that a cylinder is in flame-out fault state and the situation that reduces to vibrate without any compensation process under motor is moved effective torsional vibration result of calculation.At the resonance velocity place of 79rpm, the twisting stress curve is at about σ as can be seen
TThere is a maximum value at=38MPa place.Curve shows a sharp peak in resonance place, and therefore motor can be worked under the situation of not taking the counter measure, as long as engine speed is outside about 75rpm-81rpm scope, above-mentioned engine speed range is corresponding with the engine load interval of about 51%-64% (80%-86% of MCR speed).
Can reduce by making above-mentioned at least one outlet valve that is in the cylinder under the continuously flame-out fault state during whole engine cycles, remain in closed condition in the excessive torsional vibration of resonance place shown in Fig. 6.This is used in the line Am that the 0mm valve place of opening indicates cross mark and illustrates in Fig. 4.The result who keeps exhaust valve closure during whole engine cycles is the pressure in the cylinder when more being similar to normal operation of the pressure in the cylinder.Fig. 7 is illustrated in the outlet valve that a cylinder is in flame-out fault state and that cylinder and keeps closing under the situation shown in Fig. 4 center line Am, and motor is moved effective torsional vibration result of calculation.At the resonance velocity place of 79rpm, the twisting stress curve among Fig. 7 is at about σ as can be seen
TThere is a maximum value at=28MPa place.The minimizing of this excessive torsional vibration in resonance place is enough to make starts under function what speed in office, that is also moves under the speed in about 75rpm-81rpm scope.
Each curve among Fig. 7 shows that also the minimizing of this excessive torsional vibration is the most remarkable in resonance place.Certainly under all engine speeds, keep exhaust valve closure, but the most remarkable between the above-mentioned load zones of the effect of doing like that around resonating.Therefore, preferably, keep the measure of exhaust valve closure to have only when internal-combustion engine is worked in the predetermined load interval and just use.When engine load surpasses above-mentioned about 64% last load limitation, usually can with Fig. 4 in restart the outlet valve opening and closing during the corresponding engine cycles of curve A.
Each cylinder in above-mentioned 12 cylinder engines has following firing angle, and described firing angle illustrates the cylinder C1-C12 of number consecutively: 0 °, and 120 °, 240 °, 90 °, 210 °, 330 °, 270 °, 30 °, 150 °, 180 °, 300 ° and 60 °.In addition,, make and have a mind to flame-out cylinder exhaust valve and close perhaps as a kind of alternative plan, also can flameout state makes excessive torsional vibration reduce to minimum by being placed on intentionally another cylinder under the situation in that cylinder of burner oil not.The minimizing of torsional vibration is arranged by this measure, as long as having a firing angle, the cylinder of having a mind to stop working departs from least 45 ° with the cylinder that is in flame-out fault state, but preferably the firing angle deviation is in 60 ° of-120 ° of scopes, and 90 ° of deviations most preferably, this will surpass excessive torsional vibration fully.Therefore to have firing angle be 240 ° C3 if be in the cylinder of flame-out fault state and be, is that to have firing angle be 150 ° C9 or to have firing angle be 330 ° C6 to having a mind to that the ideal of flame-out cylinder selects then.
Except above-mentioned one of them measure, also can excessive torsional vibration be reduced to minimum by changing the fuel quantity that at least one cylinder, sprays, above-mentioned at least one cylinder is not in continuously flame-out fault state.Usually fuel is to feed intake equably between each cylinder when normal operation, but when in normal operation, be ejected into a fuel quantity in the cylinder change over and be ejected in the remaining cylinders fuel quantity not simultaneously, vibrating pattern will change.Give one example, if flame-out fault state be in C3-as described in the top example-then half of normal fuel amount be ejected into reduce excessive vibration among cylinder C9 and the C6, because when the less fuel of injection, the cylinder pressure in those two cylinders will be lower.The advantage that changes the possibility of fuel quantity is, when using as an extra measure, such as, in keeping out of order cylinder, the exhaust valve closure, the change of amount of fuel injected accurately can be adjusted to the current requirements that is used to reduce excessive vibration.If only require a small amount of minimizing, then this can be by reaching such as in a cylinder fuel quantity being reduced 30%, and if the bigger effect of requirement then can reduce fuel quantity such as 60% in a cylinder.
If motor is in partial load operation, then also can add more fuel at least one cylinder, have firing angle and the cylinder firing angle that is in flame-out fault state and differ in 180 ° the cylinder such as being added to.The fuel quantity that increases can be ejected at least one cylinder, described at least one cylinder have firing angle and the cylinder firing angle difference angle that is in flame-out fault state be (360 ° * n/i) ± 60 °/the i scope in, i is the vibration rank herein, and n be one at 0 integer to (i-1) scope.If for example the vibration of being considered is one second rank vibration i=2, then can to have numerical value be n=0 and n=1 to n, and can be expelled to the fuel quantity that increases at least one cylinder, described at least one cylinder has firing angle, and to differ an angle with the firing angle that is in flame-out fault state cylinder be 0 ° ± 30 °, that is 330 ° to 30 °, and/or cylinder to have firing angle be 360 °/2 ± 30 ° with the firing angle difference angle that is in flame-out fault state cylinder, that is 180 ° ± 30 °, that is 150 ° to 210 °.
Concerning a concrete engine application, motor can be suitable for an implementation step a) or step b) one of them reduce or eliminate excessive torsional vibration, perhaps it can be suitable for when selecting implementation step a) and step b) the two, perhaps it can implement a step, step a) and b respectively) one of them or the two combine with step c).
Under situation of the present invention, start function in a cylinder, to break down and continue long-term work afterwards.Make this become possibility by a kind of method, in described method, temporary transient placement of out of order cylinder is in continuously flame-out fault state, and makes the outlet valve that is in the fault state cylinder keep closing simultaneously, and/or another cylinder is placed on flameout state intentionally.
Claims (10)
1. method that reduces excessive torsional vibration in the cross-type two-stroke diesel engine transmission shaft system, above-mentioned cross-type two-stroke diesel engine has at least 4 and is provided with the cylinder of outlet valve separately, and this transmission shaft system comprises: at least one bent axle; At least one driven shaft, described at least one driven shaft is connected on the described bent axle; With at least one driven unit, above-mentioned driven unit is driven by driven shaft, described excessive torsional vibration by with a node eigenfrequency of torsional vibration mutually the harmonic force in the explosive motor of harmony cause, above-mentioned torsional vibration has the vibration node that is arranged in above-mentioned at least one driven shaft, it is characterized in that, making wherein, at least one cylinder temporarily is under the continuously flame-out fault state that does not have injected fuel, consequently above-mentioned harmonic force causes above-mentioned excessive torsional vibration, and the one or more steps in the above-mentioned excessive torsional vibration through the following steps reduce or eliminate:
A) during whole engine cycles, make the outlet valve of above-mentioned at least one cylinder that is in continuously flame-out fault state keep closing,
B) making at least one not be in continuously the cylinder of flame-out fault state is in one and has a mind to flameout state.
2. according to the method for excessive torsional vibration in the described minimizing cross-type two-stroke diesel engine of claim 1 transmission shaft system, it is characterized in that, have only when explosive motor at last load limitation during less than the interval work of the predetermined load of 100% load, just application makes the step a) that the outlet valve maintenance in above-mentioned at least one cylinder that is in flame-out fault state is closed, during the engine cycles when engine load be higher than above-mentioned on during load limitation, above-mentioned outlet valve is activated to open and close.
3. according to the method for excessive torsional vibration in the described minimizing cross-type two-stroke diesel engine of claim 1 transmission shaft system, it is characterized in that outlet valve is started by hydraulic type, so that the valve opening action that begins to be controlled by an electronic control unit.
4. according to the method for excessive torsional vibration in the described minimizing cross-type two-stroke diesel engine of claim 1 transmission shaft system, it is characterized in that, during motor accelerates to a higher engine load, step a) has first priority and is first step to be used, and step b) be have only when step a) reduce that above-mentioned excessive torsional vibration just uses when not enough than the low priority step.
5. according to the method for excessive torsional vibration in one of them described minimizing cross-type two-stroke diesel engine transmission shaft system of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, with applying step a) when remaining in exhaust valve closure in above-mentioned at least one cylinder of flame-out fault state, engine load is distributed evenly on the remaining cylinders on the motor.
6. according to the method for excessive torsional vibration in one of them described minimizing cross-type two-stroke diesel engine transmission shaft system of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, except step a) and/or b), use another step c), above-mentioned steps c) comprises, at least one is not in continuously the fuel quantity that sprays in the cylinder of flame-out fault state changes over different with the fuel quantity that sprays in the remaining cylinders.
7. according to the method for excessive torsional vibration in the described minimizing cross-type two-stroke diesel engine of claim 6 transmission shaft system, it is characterized in that, that step c) that changes the fuel quantity that sprays is employed by the fuel quantity that minimizing is ejected at least one cylinder, above-mentioned at least one cylinder has a firing angle, the firing angle of described firing angle and the cylinder that is in flame-out fault state differs a angle in ((360 ° * n+180 °)/i) ± 60 °/i scope, i is the vibration rank herein, and n is at 0 integer to the scope that deducts the value after 1 from i.
8. according to the method for excessive torsional vibration in the described minimizing cross-type two-stroke diesel engine of claim 6 transmission shaft system, it is characterized in that, that step c) that changes the fuel quantity that sprays is employed by the fuel quantity that increase is ejected at least one cylinder, above-mentioned at least one cylinder has a firing angle, the firing angle of described firing angle and the cylinder that is in flame-out fault state differ one (360 ° * n/i) ± 60 °/ angle in the scope of i, i is the vibration rank herein, and n is at 0 integer to the scope that deducts the value after 1 from i.
9. according to the method for excessive torsional vibration in one of them described minimizing cross-type two-stroke diesel engine transmission shaft system of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, make and be at least one cylinder intentionally that step b) of flameout state is applied at least one cylinder, described at least one cylinder has a firing angle, the firing angle of described firing angle and the cylinder that is in flame-out fault state differs a angle in ((360 ° * n+180 °)/i) ± 60 °/i scope, i is the vibration rank herein, and n is at 0 integer to the scope that deducts the value after 1 from i.
10. according to the method for excessive torsional vibration in one of them described minimizing cross-type two-stroke diesel engine transmission shaft system of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that described at least one driven unit is propeller cavitation and/or generator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101251031A CN100460648C (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2005-11-17 | Method for reducing over-torsional vibration in crosshead type two-stroke IC engine transmission shaft system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005101251031A CN100460648C (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2005-11-17 | Method for reducing over-torsional vibration in crosshead type two-stroke IC engine transmission shaft system |
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| CN1966957A CN1966957A (en) | 2007-05-23 |
| CN100460648C true CN100460648C (en) | 2009-02-11 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0447697A2 (en) * | 1990-03-23 | 1991-09-25 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for suppressing torsional vibration of a crank shaft of a diesel engine |
| WO1994029585A1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-22 | Man B & W Diesel A/S | A method of diminishing extra stresses from torsional vibrations in a main shaft for a large two-stroke diesel engine |
| WO1997023716A1 (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-07-03 | Ab Volvo | Method for reducing vibration in a vehicle and a device for accomplishment of the method |
| CN1296120A (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-23 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | Two-stroke crosshead type engine with axles system |
| CN1370916A (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2002-09-25 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | Seven-cylinder two-stroke cross head engine with shafting |
-
2005
- 2005-11-17 CN CNB2005101251031A patent/CN100460648C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0447697A2 (en) * | 1990-03-23 | 1991-09-25 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for suppressing torsional vibration of a crank shaft of a diesel engine |
| WO1994029585A1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-22 | Man B & W Diesel A/S | A method of diminishing extra stresses from torsional vibrations in a main shaft for a large two-stroke diesel engine |
| WO1997023716A1 (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-07-03 | Ab Volvo | Method for reducing vibration in a vehicle and a device for accomplishment of the method |
| CN1296120A (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-23 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | Two-stroke crosshead type engine with axles system |
| CN1370916A (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2002-09-25 | 曼B与W狄赛尔公司 | Seven-cylinder two-stroke cross head engine with shafting |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1966957A (en) | 2007-05-23 |
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