CN1004575B - 网点板面积测量方法的改进 - Google Patents
网点板面积测量方法的改进 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是网点板面积测量方法的改进,通过非随机放置网点板并对邻近边界的内点进行计数,再经给出的公式一次量算,无须另外平差。不仅提高工作效率50%左右,而且将随机因素的影响减到最小,从而保证测量精度。适用于地图专题图遥感图象的面积测量,尤其有益于农林和其它自然资源考察。
Description
本发明属于面积测量技术领域,更具体地说,本发明涉及一种用网点板对任何图面材料(包括地图、专题图、航空照片、卫星影象等)进行面积量算的方法的改进,它在林农牧、海洋、水文、城市规划、地质、气象、考古等行业中有广泛的应用。
公知的面积量算的方法有《遥感手册》1983年英文第二版第1019页介绍的下述方法:“网点板在计算大面积地理区域的两类或两类以上地物(如农地和非农地)时尤其有用。它由规律相间的点所分隔的一系列正方形或长方形的透明格栅组成……把网点板覆盖在象片上……只要把点分类并算出它的数目,就可以用简单的比例确定面积……所需时间仅为使用求积仪的三分之一到六分之一。”又如“US-A-2770044专利文献介绍了一种面积量算的器具和方法,该种测量的精度的提高是通过增加网点板上点的密度和增加量算次数来达到。
北京市林业局调查大队遥感小组1987年2月28日编制的《利用航空遥感编绘全市林果资源分布图面积量算工作细则》指出:“随机放置网点板,各地类面积量算两次,相对误差在±5%时可平差;各地类面积之和应等于公里网格标准面积(400个点,1500亩),允许误差在±5%时可平差;超过标准者应返工重做”。
本发明的目的在于:提出一种网点板面积测量方法的改进,从而提高工作效率,同时提高测量精度。
上述的目的是基于“边界不规则所引起的随机误差只与邻近边界的内点有关”用下述方法实现的:
(1)对于标准面积A内的第r个地块(r=1,2,……n,n是标准面积内的地块的边界上。具体作法是将一条格点线沿该地块较长且平直的边界放置,然后沿该边界的方向移动网点板,使得其它边界覆盖上尽量多的点。如果该地块不具有较长且平直的边界,则首先将格网中的一点置于该地块的较平滑的边界上,然后移动并旋转网点板,使该点沿该边界移动,并使得该地块的边界覆盖上尽量多的点。(2)数出该地块边界内的点数Mr。(3)数出该地块边界上的内数Pr。(4)数出邻近边界的内点数Qr(邻近边界的内点即与边界的距离不足一个网格边长的点)。(5)按照如下公式计算各地块面积,
其中:
Ar:第r个地块的面积,
r=1,2,……n,n是标准面积内的地块数目,
A:标准面积,
B:标准面积A内的总点数,
Mr:第r个地块边界内的点数,
Pr:第r个地块边界上的点数,
Qr:第r个地块邻近边界的内点数,
Qj:第j个地块邻近边界的内点数,
j=1,2,……n。
本发明比现有技术在两方面同时取得积极效果:(1)一次计数,一次计算,虽然放置网点板和对邻近边界的内点计数需增用一些时间,但减少了一次全面计数和两次平差计算,仍可提高工作效率百分之五十左右。(2)精确度提高,相当于现有方法的数学期望值。
Claims (17)
1、一种网点板面积测量方法,它包括如下步骤:
(1)把网点板复盖在被测的图面材料上;
(2)移动网点板,使尽量多的点处于标准面积内的第r个被测地块边界上;
(3)数出该地块边界内的点数Mr;
(4)数出该地块边界上的点数Pr;
(5)数出该地块邻近边界的内点数Qr;
(6)按照如下公式计算各地块面积
其中:
Ar:第r个地块的面积,
r=1,2,……n,n是标准面积内的地块数目,
A:标准面积,
B:标准面积A内的总点数,
Mr:第r个地块边界内的点数,
Pr:第r个地块边界上的点数,
Qr:第r个地块邻近边界的内点数,
Qj:第j个地块邻近边界的内点数,
j=1,2,……n。
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CN87103270.8A CN1004575B (zh) | 1987-05-05 | 1987-05-05 | 网点板面积测量方法的改进 |
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CN87103270.8A CN1004575B (zh) | 1987-05-05 | 1987-05-05 | 网点板面积测量方法的改进 |
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CN87103270A CN87103270A (zh) | 1988-11-23 |
CN1004575B true CN1004575B (zh) | 1989-06-21 |
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CN100412507C (zh) * | 2004-06-08 | 2008-08-20 | 中国人民大学 | 用于作物单产和森林单位蓄积量估计的分层回归遥感抽样技术 |
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