CN100456805C - A TFTP-based IPTV set-top box software network upgrade method - Google Patents
A TFTP-based IPTV set-top box software network upgrade method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于TFTP的IPTV机顶盒软件网络升级方法，该方法通过机顶盒开机后，在Boot Loader加载过程中，通过TFTP服务器-客户端的下载模式，对应用程序升级进行选择性下载，经合法性验证通过后，自动进行机顶盒装置的在线升级。利用本发明的基于TFTP的IPTV机顶盒软件网络升级方法，能够对IPTV系统的关键设备机顶盒进行方便可靠的软件网络升级，从而使得用户方的机顶盒始终能适应IPTV系统不断更新的功能的要求，延长机顶盒的使用周期，降低IPTV系统使用运营成本，更好的满足用户需求。
The invention discloses a TFTP-based IPTV set-top box software network upgrading method. After the set-top box is turned on, in the Boot Loader loading process, the application program upgrade is selectively downloaded through the TFTP server-client download mode. After the performance verification is passed, the online upgrade of the set-top box device is automatically performed. Utilize the IPTV set-top box software network upgrade method based on TFTP of the present invention, can carry out convenient and reliable software network upgrade to the key equipment set-top box of IPTV system, thereby make the user's set-top box always be able to adapt to the requirement of the constantly updated function of the IPTV system, extend the set-top box Long service life, reduce the operation cost of IPTV system, and better meet the needs of users.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及网络电视(IPTV)系统，特别涉及到将计算机宽带网络、多媒体数据服务相结合的新兴业务模式以及IPTV系统中终端机顶盒设备软件的更新。The invention relates to an Internet television (IPTV) system, in particular to an emerging business model combining computer broadband network and multimedia data service and updating of terminal set-top box equipment software in the IPTV system.
背景技术 Background technique
IPTV系统，就是人们所说的网络电视系统，它是将传统的电视与宽带网络技术相结合的一种现代高科技媒体传播系统。它一改传统电视的被动、单向传输的运营方式，借助于畅通的宽带互联网技术，创新地将观众互动引入到电视节目的观赏与选择过程中，它的互动性大大拓展了人们对电视节目的选择范围和自主性，这些无疑是对用户最大的吸引，故此，应用前景一片光明。The IPTV system is what people call the Internet TV system, which is a modern high-tech media communication system that combines traditional TV with broadband network technology. It changes the passive and one-way transmission operation mode of traditional TV. With the help of smooth broadband Internet technology, it innovatively introduces audience interaction into the process of viewing and selecting TV programs. Its interactivity greatly expands people's understanding of TV programs. The range of choices and autonomy are undoubtedly the biggest attraction for users, so the application prospect is bright.
考虑到现有传统电视机的普遍性，在IPTV系统中，最终显示设备依然采用传统的电视机，因此在传输网络与电视机间必须有一个转换接口设备，即机顶盒。机顶盒是IPTV系统的重要组成部分，其位于家庭内部，以普通电视作为显示设备，以遥控器作为用户输入设备，可接收网络传输的媒体数据，并解码播放显示到电视机供用户观看，同时内嵌功能菜单及浏览器，用户可通过遥控器进行点选控制，实现网络电视的接收播放及用户的互动选择。Considering the universality of the existing traditional TV, in the IPTV system, the final display device is still a traditional TV, so there must be a conversion interface device between the transmission network and the TV, that is, a set-top box. The set-top box is an important part of the IPTV system. It is located inside the home. It uses an ordinary TV as a display device and a remote control as a user input device. Embedded function menu and browser, users can click and control through the remote control to realize the reception and playback of Internet TV and the interactive selection of users.
对于一个机顶盒来说，在完成设计和生产后，硬件的版本就基本固定不变了，它各种功能的实现主要是通过固化在机顶盒中的软件来实现，包括用户认证、节目选播、观众互动等等。随着网络技术的发展、观众对节目和服务需求的变化以及对实际运营中各种问题的解决，都会促使IPTV技术的不断成熟和发展，也必将迫使机顶盒要通过软件更新来实现功能的不断改进、完善。但是对于前期已经放置于广大用户家中的机顶盒来说，如何方便可靠的对其进行软件升级，以适应新的服务要求，就是一个很关键和急需解决的问题。For a set-top box, after the design and production are completed, the hardware version is basically fixed, and its various functions are mainly realized through the software solidified in the set-top box, including user authentication, program selection, audience interact and more. With the development of network technology, the change of audience's demand for programs and services, and the solution to various problems in actual operation, the continuous maturity and development of IPTV technology will be promoted, and the set-top box will also be forced to realize the continuous function improvement through software update. Improve, perfect. But for the set-top boxes that have been placed in the majority of users' homes in the early stage, how to upgrade their software conveniently and reliably to adapt to new service requirements is a very critical and urgent problem.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服机顶盒大量进入用户家庭后，软件不易更新的缺陷，从而提供一种机顶盒软件的网络更新方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect that the software is not easy to update after a large number of set-top boxes enter users' homes, thereby providing a network update method for the set-top box software.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种基于TFTP的IPTV机顶盒软件网络升级方法，包括以下步骤：In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a TFTP-based IPTV set-top box software network upgrade method, comprising the following steps:
1)、机顶盒开机后，加载启动下载程序，该程序初始化机顶盒硬件，并启动升级检测；1) After the set-top box is turned on, load and start the download program, which initializes the hardware of the set-top box and starts the upgrade detection;
2)、判断机顶盒中的应用程序是否完整，若完整，执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤4)；2), determine whether the application program in the set-top box is complete, if complete, execute the next step, otherwise, jump to step 4);
3)、根据启动下载程序中的升级许可控制字的状态，判断机顶盒中的软件是否允许在线升级，若可以做在线升级，则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤13)；3), judge whether the software in the set-top box allows online upgrade according to the state of the upgrade permission control word in the download program, if online upgrade can be done, then perform the next step, otherwise, jump to step 13);
4)、机顶盒从DHCP服务器接收到网络参数信息，根据该信息设置机顶盒自身的网络参数，若设置成功执行下一步，否则，中断软件升级过程，跳转到步骤13)；4), set-top box receives network parameter information from DHCP server, sets the network parameter of set-top box self according to this information, if setting successfully executes the next step, otherwise, interrupt the software upgrade process, jump to step 13);
5)、机顶盒根据步骤4)得到的网络参数连接到DNS服务器，从DNS服务器中解析得到TFTP服务器地址，若成功，则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤7)；5), the set-top box is connected to the DNS server according to the network parameters obtained in step 4), and resolves the TFTP server address from the DNS server, if successful, then execute the next step, otherwise, jump to step 7);
6)、机顶盒得到DNS服务器返回的TFTP服务器地址后，向TFTP服务器发送请求，实现与TFTP服务器的UDP连接，若连接成功执行步骤8)，否则中断软件升级的过程跳转到步骤13)；6), after the set-top box obtains the TFTP server address returned by the DNS server, it sends a request to the TFTP server to realize the UDP connection with the TFTP server, if the connection is successfully performed in step 8), otherwise the process of interrupting the software upgrade is skipped to step 13);
7)、使用机顶盒默认的TFTP服务器地址，连接到TFTP服务器上，若连接成功执行步骤8)，否则中断软件升级的过程跳转到步骤13)；7), use the default TFTP server address of the set-top box, connect to the TFTP server, if the connection is successful, perform step 8), otherwise interrupt the software upgrade process and jump to step 13);
8)、机顶盒从TFTP服务器上下载升级配置文件，若下载成功，则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤13)；8), the set-top box downloads the upgrade configuration file from the TFTP server, if the download is successful, then execute the next step, otherwise, jump to step 13);
9)、解密所下载的升级配置文件，做合法性认证和信息解析，根据解析的结果判断是否需要升级机顶盒中的应用软件，若需要，则从升级配置文件中得到要升级的软件的名称，然后执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤13)；9), decrypt the upgraded configuration file downloaded, do legality authentication and information analysis, judge whether the application software in the set-top box needs to be upgraded according to the result of the analysis, if necessary, then obtain the name of the software to be upgraded from the upgraded configuration file, Then execute the next step, otherwise, jump to step 13);
10)、机顶盒从TFTP服务器上下载应用软件的升级文件，下载成功则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤13)；10), the set-top box downloads the upgrade file of the application software from the TFTP server, and if the download is successful, the next step is performed, otherwise, jump to step 13);
11)、对应用软件的升级文件做解密和合法性认证，若文件合法，则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤13)；11), decrypt and verify the legality of the upgrade file of the application software, if the file is legal, then execute the next step, otherwise, jump to step 13);
12)、将合法的升级文件烧写到机顶盒中，替代原有的应用软件；12) Burn legal upgrade files into the set-top box to replace the original application software;
13)、判断升级后的应用软件是否完整，若完整，执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤15)；13), judge whether the upgraded application software is complete, if complete, execute the next step, otherwise, jump to step 15);
14)、结束升级过程，启动应用软件，机顶盒正常工作；14) End the upgrade process, start the application software, and the set-top box works normally;
15)、显示错误提示画面，提醒用户重新启动机顶盒或与运营商联系。15). An error prompt screen is displayed to remind the user to restart the set-top box or contact the operator.
上述技术方案中，在所述的步骤4)中，所述的网络参数信息包括IP地址信息、网关地址信息、子网掩码、以及DNS服务器信息。In the above technical solution, in step 4), the network parameter information includes IP address information, gateway address information, subnet mask, and DNS server information.
上述技术方案中，所述的升级配置文件在网络传输前由机顶盒软件提供方用自己的私钥对其加密，在所述的步骤9)中，所述的机顶盒用固化在所述启动下载程序中的机顶盒软件提供方的公钥对其解密；所述的升级配置文件包含机顶盒软件的版本信息，通过比对机顶盒软件的版本信息与升级配置文件中的机顶盒软件的版本信息，决定是否要升级应用软件。In the above-mentioned technical solution, the upgrade configuration file is encrypted by the set-top box software provider with its own private key before network transmission, and in the step 9), the set-top box is solidified in the startup download program The public key of the set-top box software provider in it is decrypted; The described upgrade configuration file contains the version information of the set-top box software, by comparing the version information of the set-top box software and the version information of the set-top box software in the upgrade configuration file, decide whether to upgrade application.
上述技术方案中，所述的应用软件的升级文件采用双重密钥机制实现软件的加密与解密，应用软件的升级文件在网络传输前，首先由机顶盒软件提供方用自己的私钥对其加密，加密后的文件提供给运营商，然后由运营商用自己的私钥对文件做加密，形成最终加密后的升级文件，机顶盒收到最终加密后的升级文件后，首先用固化在启动下载程序中的运营商的公钥对加密文件做一次解密，然后用固化在启动下载程序中的机顶盒软件提供方的公钥对文件做二次解密，最终得到原始的应用软件的升级文件。In the above technical solution, the upgrade file of the application software adopts a double key mechanism to realize the encryption and decryption of the software. Before the upgrade file of the application software is transmitted over the network, it is first encrypted by the set-top box software provider with its own private key. The encrypted file is provided to the operator, and then the operator encrypts the file with its own private key to form the final encrypted upgrade file. After the set-top box receives the final encrypted upgrade file, it uses The operator's public key decrypts the encrypted file once, and then uses the public key of the set-top box software provider solidified in the startup download program to decrypt the file twice, and finally obtains the original application software upgrade file.
上述技术方案中，在所述的步骤9)中，所述的合法性认证是要检查所下载的升级配置文件是否正确；在所述的步骤11)中，所述的合法性认证是要检查所下载的应用软件的升级文件是否正确。In the above technical solution, in said step 9), said legitimacy authentication is to check whether the downloaded upgrade configuration file is correct; in said step 11), said legitimacy authentication is to check Check whether the updated file of the downloaded application software is correct.
利用本发明的基于TFTP的IPTV机顶盒软件网络升级方法，能够对IPTV系统的关键设备机顶盒进行方便可靠的软件网络升级，从而使得用户方的机顶盒始终能适应IPTV系统不断更新的功能的要求，延长机顶盒的使用周期，降低IPTV系统使用运营成本，更好的满足用户需求。Utilize the IPTV set-top box software network upgrade method based on TFTP of the present invention, can carry out convenient and reliable software network upgrade to the key equipment set-top box of IPTV system, thereby make the user's set-top box always be able to adapt to the requirement of the constantly updated function of the IPTV system, extend the set-top box The service life of the IPTV system can be shortened, the operation cost of the IPTV system can be reduced, and the needs of users can be better met.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为IPTV系统的联结方式图；Fig. 1 is the connection mode figure of IPTV system;
图2为本发明的基于TFTP的IPTV机顶盒软件网络升级方法的流程图；Fig. 2 is the flowchart of the IPTV set-top box software network upgrading method based on TFTP of the present invention;
图3为合法升级文件生成过程示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a legal upgrade file generation process.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
在对本发明的机顶盒软件网络升级方法进行说明之前，首先对IPTV系统进行说明。图1是IPTV系统的联结方式图，IPTV系统用户端的机顶盒利用网络与系统服务器端的DHCP服务器、DNS服务器、TFTP服务器相连接。Before describing the set-top box software network upgrading method of the present invention, the IPTV system will be described first. Figure 1 is a diagram of the connection mode of the IPTV system. The set-top box at the user end of the IPTV system is connected to the DHCP server, DNS server, and TFTP server at the server end of the system through the network.
所述的DHCP服务器用于向机顶盒发送IP地址信息、网关地址信息、子网掩码、DNS服务器信息等网络参数。The DHCP server is used to send network parameters such as IP address information, gateway address information, subnet mask, and DNS server information to the set-top box.
所述的DNS服务器向机顶盒发送升级文件所在TFTP服务器的IP地址。The DNS server sends the IP address of the TFTP server where the upgrade file is located to the set-top box.
所述的TFTP服务器用于运行TFTP服务器软件并存放所需要下载的文件，所需要下载的文件包括升级配置文件和应用程序升级文件。所述的TFTP是TrivialFile Transfer Protocol的简称，它是一种基于UDP连接来实现较小文件传输的一种协议。TFTP协议简单、快速，不需要认证客户端的权限，十分适合嵌入式系统和对速度有要求的系统进行文件传输。The TFTP server is used to run the TFTP server software and store the files to be downloaded. The files to be downloaded include upgrade configuration files and application program upgrade files. The TFTP is the abbreviation of TrivialFile Transfer Protocol, which is a protocol based on UDP connection to realize smaller file transfer. The TFTP protocol is simple and fast, and does not need to authenticate the client's authority. It is very suitable for file transfer in embedded systems and systems that require speed.
所述的机顶盒中包含收看网络电视所必需的软件，其中，包含一段独立小程序-启动下载程序(以下简称Boot Loader)。该程序在系统应用软件运行之前运行，利用这段小程序，可以初始化硬件设备、建立内存空间的映射图，从而将系统的软硬件环境带到工作状态，然后将应用软件调入内存并启动执行。Boot Loader的实现依赖于CPU的体系结构，大多数Boot Loader都分为stage1和stage2两大部分。依赖于CPU体系结构的代码，比如设备初始化代码等，通常都放在stage1中，而且通常都用汇编语言来实现。而stage2则通常用C语言来实现，这样可以实现复杂的功能，而且代码会具有更好的可读性和可移植性。The set-top box includes necessary software for watching Internet TV, including a section of independent small program-starting download program (hereinafter referred to as Boot Loader). This program runs before the system application software runs. Using this small program, you can initialize hardware devices and establish a memory space map, thereby bringing the system's hardware and software environment to a working state, and then transfer the application software into the memory and start execution. . The implementation of Boot Loader depends on the architecture of the CPU. Most Boot Loaders are divided into two parts: stage1 and stage2. Codes that depend on the CPU architecture, such as device initialization code, are usually placed in stage1, and are usually implemented in assembly language. And stage2 is usually implemented in C language, which can realize complex functions, and the code will have better readability and portability.
由于TFTP协议本身不需要认证，为了确保升级过程中所传送的升级配置文件和应用软件升级文件的合法性和准确性，需要对升级配置文件和应用软件升级文件作加密和解密操作。在本发明中，采用双重密钥机制实现文件的加密和解密。所述的双重密钥机制是指，机顶盒软件提供方提供密钥生成工具给运营商，运营商利用该密钥生成工具生成运营商的私钥key_operator_d和公钥key_operator_e，并将得到的公钥发送给机顶盒软件提供方，由机顶盒软件提供方加入到机顶盒的Boot Loader中。同样的，机顶盒软件提供方利用密钥生成工具生成机顶盒软件提供方的私钥key_manufacture_d和公钥key_manufacture_e。公钥key_manufacture_e也固化在Boot Loader中。Since the TFTP protocol itself does not require authentication, in order to ensure the legitimacy and accuracy of the upgrade configuration files and application software upgrade files transmitted during the upgrade process, it is necessary to encrypt and decrypt the upgrade configuration files and application software upgrade files. In the present invention, a double key mechanism is adopted to realize the encryption and decryption of files. The described double key mechanism means that the set-top box software provider provides a key generation tool to the operator, and the operator uses the key generation tool to generate the operator's private key key_operator_d and public key key_operator_e, and sends the obtained public key to To the set-top box software provider, the set-top box software provider will add it to the Boot Loader of the set-top box. Similarly, the set-top box software provider uses the key generation tool to generate the set-top box software provider's private key key_manufacture_d and public key key_manufacture_e. The public key key_manufacture_e is also solidified in Boot Loader.
如图3所示，应用软件的升级文件和升级配置文件在传输前，首先由机顶盒软件提供方利用自身的私钥key_manufacture_d加密应用软件的升级文件，加密后的升级文件与包含版本信息的升级配置文件一起发送到运营商，运营商利用自身的私钥key_operator_d对升级配置文件作加密，并对已加密的应用软件的升级文件进行第二次加密，最后保存在TFTP服务器的目录下。As shown in Figure 3, before the upgrade file and upgrade configuration file of the application software are transmitted, the set-top box software provider first encrypts the upgrade file of the application software with its own private key key_manufacture_d, and the encrypted upgrade file and the upgrade configuration containing version information The files are sent to the operator together, and the operator encrypts the upgrade configuration file with its own private key key_operator_d, and encrypts the encrypted upgrade file of the application software for the second time, and finally saves it in the directory of the TFTP server.
如图2所示，本发明的机顶盒软件网络升级方法具体包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, set-top box software network upgrade method of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:
步骤10、机顶盒开机后，加载Boot Loader，Boot Loader初始化硬件，并启动升级检测。Step 10. After the set-top box is turned on, load the Boot Loader. The Boot Loader initializes the hardware and starts the upgrade detection.
步骤20、判断机顶盒中的应用程序是否完整，若完整，执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤40。Step 20, judging whether the application program in the set-top box is complete, if complete, execute the next step, otherwise, jump to step 40.
步骤30、根据Boot Loader中的升级许可控制字的状态，判断机顶盒中的软件是否允许在线升级，若可以做在线升级，则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤130。Step 30, according to the status of the upgrade permission control word in the Boot Loader, judge whether the software in the set-top box allows online upgrades, if online upgrades can be done, then perform the next step, otherwise, jump to step 130.
步骤40、机顶盒从DHCP服务器接收到网络参数信息，根据该信息设置机顶盒自身的网络参数，若设置成功执行下一步，否则，中断软件升级过程，跳转到步骤130。Step 40, the set-top box receives network parameter information from the DHCP server, and sets the network parameters of the set-top box itself according to the information. If the setting is successful, execute the next step; otherwise, interrupt the software upgrade process and jump to step 130.
在本步骤中，机顶盒通过网络发送DHCP的discovering消息，DHCP服务器接到消息后反馈一个报文给机顶盒，机顶盒收到该报文后再向DHCP服务器发出清求，DHCP服务器接收后给机顶盒发送一个响应，该响应中包含了赋予机顶盒的IP地址信息、网关地址信息、子网掩码、DNS服务器信息等重要网络参数，机顶盒接收到DHCP服务器的响应后，根据响应中包含的信息设置自己的网络参数。In this step, the set-top box sends the discovery message of DHCP through the network, and the DHCP server feeds back a message to the set-top box after receiving the message, and then the set-top box sends a request to the DHCP server after receiving the message, and the DHCP server sends a message to the set-top box after receiving Response, which contains important network parameters such as the IP address information assigned to the set-top box, gateway address information, subnet mask, and DNS server information. After receiving the response from the DHCP server, the set-top box sets its own network according to the information contained in the response. parameter.
步骤50、机顶盒由步骤40得到的网络参数连接到DNS服务器，从DNS服务器中解析得到TFTP服务器地址，即升级服务器的地址，若成功，则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤70。Step 50, the set-top box is connected to the DNS server by the network parameters obtained in step 40, and resolves from the DNS server to obtain the TFTP server address, that is, the address of the upgrade server, if successful, then perform the next step, otherwise, jump to step 70.
步骤60、机顶盒得到DNS服务器返回的升级服务器地址后，向TFTP服务器发送请求，实现与TFTP服务器的UDP连接，若连接成功执行80，否则中断软件升级的过程跳转到步骤130。Step 60, after the set-top box obtains the upgrade server address returned by the DNS server, it sends a request to the TFTP server to implement a UDP connection with the TFTP server. If the connection is successful, execute 80, otherwise interrupt the software upgrade process and jump to step 130.
步骤70、使用机顶盒默认的TFTP服务器地址，连接到该服务器上，若连接成功执行步骤80，否则中断软件升级的过程跳转到步骤130。Step 70. Use the default TFTP server address of the set-top box to connect to the server. If the connection is successful, execute step 80; otherwise, interrupt the software upgrade process and jump to step 130.
步骤80、机顶盒从TFTP服务器上下载升级配置文件，若下载成功，则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤130Step 80, the set-top box downloads the upgrade configuration file from the TFTP server, if the download is successful, then execute the next step, otherwise, jump to step 130
步骤90、解密所下载的升级配置文件，做合法性认证和信息解析，根据解析的结果判断是否需要升级应用软件，若需要，则从升级配置文件中得到要升级的软件的名称，然后执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤130。Step 90, decrypt the downloaded upgrade configuration file, do legality authentication and information analysis, judge whether the application software needs to be upgraded according to the result of the analysis, if necessary, then obtain the name of the software to be upgraded from the upgrade configuration file, and then execute the following One step, otherwise, jump to step 130.
当机顶盒从TFTP服务器上下载升级配置文件后，用固化在Boot Loader中的运营商公钥key_operator_e对加密后的升级配置文件作解密，得到升级配置文件。然后分析升级配置文件，将升级配置文件中包含的信息与机顶盒的软、硬件信息作对比，若信息匹配，则说明已下载的升级配置文件与当前的机顶盒相匹配，否则，丢弃已下载的升级配置文件。将升级配置文件中的软件版本号与机顶盒中当前的应用软件的版本号作比较，若升级配置文件中的软件版本号较高，则从升级配置文件中获取需要下载的升级文件的文件名。After the set-top box downloads the upgrade configuration file from the TFTP server, use the operator public key key_operator_e solidified in the Boot Loader to decrypt the encrypted upgrade configuration file to obtain the upgrade configuration file. Then analyze the upgrade configuration file, compare the information contained in the upgrade configuration file with the software and hardware information of the set-top box, if the information matches, it means that the downloaded upgrade configuration file matches the current set-top box, otherwise, discard the downloaded upgrade configuration file. The software version number in the upgrade configuration file is compared with the version number of the current application software in the set-top box. If the software version number in the upgrade configuration file is higher, the file name of the upgrade file to be downloaded is obtained from the upgrade configuration file.
步骤100、机顶盒从TFTP服务器上下载应用软件的升级文件，下载成功则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤130。Step 100 , the set-top box downloads the upgrade file of the application software from the TFTP server, and if the download is successful, execute the next step; otherwise, jump to step 130 .
步骤110、对应用软件的升级文件做解密，然后进行合法性认证，若文件合法，则执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤130。Step 110 , decrypt the upgrade file of the application software, and then perform legality verification. If the file is legal, go to the next step; otherwise, go to step 130 .
在本步骤中，对应用软件的升级文件作解密时，首先利用机顶盒的Boot Loader中所带的运营商的公钥key_operator_e进行第一层的解密，然后用固化在BootLoader中的机顶盒软件提供商所提供的公钥key_manufacture_e对应用软件的升级文件作第二层的解密，从而得到原始的应用程序升级文件。在做合法性检验时，就是要检查升级文件的正确性，防止下载了错误的升级文件或所下载的升级文件不完整。In this step, when the upgrade file of the application software is decrypted, at first the operator's public key key_operator_e carried in the Boot Loader of the set-top box is used to decrypt the first layer, and then the set-top box software provider's key that is solidified in the Boot Loader is used to decrypt the first layer. The provided public key key_manufacture_e decrypts the upgrade file of the application software in the second layer, so as to obtain the original upgrade file of the application program. When doing the legality check, it is to check the correctness of the upgrade file, so as to prevent the wrong upgrade file from being downloaded or the downloaded upgrade file from being incomplete.
步骤120、将合法的升级文件烧写到机顶盒中，替代原有的应用软件。Step 120, burning legal upgrade files into the set-top box to replace the original application software.
步骤130、判断应用程序是否完整，若完整，执行下一步，否则，跳转到步骤150。Step 130 , judging whether the application program is complete, if complete, execute the next step, otherwise, jump to step 150 .
步骤140、结束升级过程，启动应用软件，机顶盒正常工作。Step 140, end the upgrading process, start the application software, and the set-top box works normally.
步骤150、显示错误提示画面，提醒用户重新启动机顶盒或与运营商联系。Step 150, displaying an error prompt screen to remind the user to restart the set-top box or contact the operator.
下面结合具体实施例，对本发明的方法作进一步的说明。The method of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples.
假设机顶盒硬件型号为BV2-A3N，出产商为DSP/IOA，其中固化的IPTV系统应用软件类型为BV2-01N版本号为1.9.0，而运营方相应最新应用软件的版本号为1.9.1，机顶盒中的升级许可控制字为允许升级状态，机顶盒联接的宽带网络正常，网络中的DHCP服务器、DNS服务器以及TFTP服务器工作正常，所对应的升级配置文件BV2A3N.BV201N.CFG和经软件提供方、IPTV运营方分别认可并发布的应用软件升级文件BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2均已经正确保存在TFTP的服务目录下。Assume that the set-top box hardware model is BV2-A3N, the manufacturer is DSP/IOA, and the solidified IPTV system application software type is BV2-01N with version number 1.9.0, and the corresponding latest application software version number of the operator is 1.9.1. The upgrade permission control word in the set-top box is in the status of upgrading, the broadband network connected to the set-top box is normal, the DHCP server, DNS server and TFTP server in the network are working normally, the corresponding upgrade configuration file BV2A3N.BV201N.CFG and the software provider, The application software upgrade files BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2 respectively approved and released by IPTV operators have been correctly saved in the service directory of TFTP.
机顶盒开机上电后，进入执行Boot Loader阶段，初始化结束后，机顶盒的网络模块开始如下步骤：After the set-top box is turned on and powered on, it enters the stage of executing Boot Loader. After initialization, the network module of the set-top box starts the following steps:
1.1检测升级许可控制字的状态，允许在线升级；1.1 Detect the state of the upgrade license control word, allowing online upgrades;
1.2机顶盒通过网卡向网络发出DHCP的discovering消息，DHCP服器接到消息后迅速反馈一个报文给机顶盒，机顶盒收到后向DHCP服务器发出request请求，DHCP服务器后接收到后给予一个响应，这个响应中包含了赋予机顶盒的IP地址信启、网关地址信息、子网掩码、DNS服务器信息等重要网络参数，机顶盒接收到DHCP服务器的响应后，根据响应中包含的信息设置自己的网络参数；1.2 The set-top box sends a DHCP discovery message to the network through the network card. After receiving the message, the DHCP server quickly feeds back a message to the set-top box. After receiving the message, the set-top box sends a request to the DHCP server. After receiving it, the DHCP server gives a response. It includes important network parameters such as the IP address information assigned to the set-top box, gateway address information, subnet mask, and DNS server information. After the set-top box receives the response from the DHCP server, it sets its own network parameters according to the information contained in the response;
1.3机顶盒通过DHCP服务器分配的地址，根据子网掩码判断是否需要通过网关向DNS服务器发送自己默认的升级服务器域名，请求DNS服务器解析升级文件服务器的地址，DNS服务器根据机顶盒发送过来的升级服务域名将解析出来的升级服务器地址返回给机顶盒；1.3 The set-top box assigns the address through the DHCP server. According to the subnet mask, it is judged whether it needs to send its default upgrade server domain name to the DNS server through the gateway, and requests the DNS server to resolve the address of the upgrade file server. The DNS server sends the upgrade service domain name according to the set-top box. Return the parsed upgrade server address to the set-top box;
1.4机顶盒得到DNS服务器返回的升级服务器地址后，根据子网掩码判断是否需要通过网关向TFTP服务器请求与TFTP服务器的UDP连接；1.4 After the set-top box obtains the upgrade server address returned by the DNS server, it judges whether it needs to request a UDP connection with the TFTP server through the gateway according to the subnet mask;
1.5TFTP服务器产生响应，机顶盒从TFTP服务器下载升级配置文件BV2A3N.BV201N.CFG；1.5 The TFTP server generates a response, and the set-top box downloads the upgrade configuration file BV2A3N.BV201N.CFG from the TFTP server;
1.6机顶盒对下载来的升级配置文件进行分析，对比升级配置文件中包含的信息与自身的硬、软件信息是否匹配，然后对比应用软件的版本号与自身当前的版本号的高低，发现升级配置文件中的软件版本号较高，从升级配置文件中获取所需要下载升级文件的文件名，即：BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2；1.6 The set-top box analyzes the downloaded upgrade configuration file, compares the information contained in the upgrade configuration file with its own hardware and software information, and then compares the version number of the application software with its current version number to find the upgrade configuration file The software version number in is higher, and the file name of the upgrade file to be downloaded is obtained from the upgrade configuration file, namely: BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2;
1.7机顶盒从TFTP服务器下载升级文件BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2，此时屏幕上显示软件升级提示画面，下载成功后进行密钥校验和升级文件正确性的校验，校验正确开始对固化应用程序软件的flash进行擦写操作；1.7 The set-top box downloads the upgrade file BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2 from the TFTP server. At this time, the software upgrade prompt screen is displayed on the screen. After the download is successful, verify the correctness of the key and the upgrade file. If the verification is correct, start the curing application The flash of the program software performs erasing and writing operations;
1.8擦写操作完成后，应用程序软件升级成功；1.8 After the erase operation is completed, the application software upgrade is successful;
1.9屏幕上显示正在加载软件的提示画面，机顶盒将已经固化的应用程序软件拷贝到RAM中，开始启动应用程序，直至进入到登陆界面。1.9 A prompt screen showing software loading is displayed on the screen, and the set-top box copies the solidified application program software to RAM, starts the application program, and enters the login interface.
在机顶盒软件升级的过程中还存在着以下原因，使得软件升级不能成功。There are also the following reasons in the process of upgrading the set-top box software, so that the software upgrading cannot be successful.
1)在步骤1.2中，如果升级许可控制字是不允许升级状态，则直接跳转到步骤1.9，执行启动应用程序软件的过程；1) In step 1.2, if the upgrade permission control word does not allow the upgrade status, then directly jump to step 1.9, and perform the process of starting the application software;
2)在步骤1.2中，如果DHCP服务器没有给机顶盒响应(包括discovering请求和request请求中的任意一个)，那么表明此时升级网络不正常，机顶盒给升级程序返回一个失败值后，直接跳转到步骤1.9，执行启动应用程序软件的过程；2) In step 1.2, if the DHCP server does not respond to the set-top box (including any one of the discovery request and the request request), it indicates that the upgrade network is abnormal at this time. After the set-top box returns a failure value to the upgrade program, it directly jumps to Step 1.9, execute the process of starting the application software;
3)在步骤1.5中，如果TFTP服务器没有产生响应或者没有找到相应的升级配置文件BV2A3N.BV201N.CFG，那么在重试三次后，直接跳转到步骤1.9，执行启动应用程序软件的过程；3) In step 1.5, if the TFTP server does not generate a response or does not find the corresponding upgrade configuration file BV2A3N.BV201N.CFG, then after retrying three times, directly jump to step 1.9, and execute the process of starting the application software;
4)在步骤1.6中，如果从下载的升级配置文件BV2A3N.BV201N.CFG中分析出的硬、软信息和机顶盒自身的硬、软件信息不匹配或者应用程序软件的版本号不大于当前所使用的应用程序软件版本号，直接跳转到步骤1.9，执行启动应用程序软件的过程；4) In step 1.6, if the hardware and software information analyzed from the downloaded upgrade configuration file BV2A3N.BV201N.CFG does not match the hardware and software information of the set-top box itself or the version number of the application software is not greater than the currently used Application software version number, jump directly to step 1.9, and execute the process of starting the application software;
5)在步骤1.7中，如果应用软件升级文件BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2下载失败(包括没有找到相应的升级文件或者下载过程中意外中断)或者下载成功后进行密钥校验没有通过或者进行文件完整性检查没有通过时，就不会进行对flash的擦写过程，直接跳转到步骤1.9，执行启动应用程序软件的过程。5) In step 1.7, if the download of the application software upgrade file BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2 fails (including the corresponding upgrade file is not found or the download process is interrupted unexpectedly) or the key verification fails after the download is successful or the file When the integrity check fails, the erasing process of the flash will not be carried out, and the process of directly jumping to step 1.9 is performed to start the application software.
除此之外，还存在着一些异常情况：In addition, there are some exceptions:
A、在步骤1.3中，如果DNS服务器出现故障，无法解析出升级服务器的地址，则启用机顶盒默认的升级服务器地址，继续步骤1.4；A. In step 1.3, if the DNS server fails and the address of the upgrade server cannot be resolved, enable the default upgrade server address of the set-top box and continue to step 1.4;
B、在步骤1.5中，如果TFTP服务器出现故障，没有产生响应，那么在重试三次后，直接跳转到步骤1.9，执行启动应用程序软件的过程；B. In step 1.5, if the TFTP server breaks down and does not produce a response, then after retrying three times, directly jump to step 1.9, and execute the process of starting the application software;
C、在步骤1.7中，如果在应用软件升级文件BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2下载过程中意外中断，那么会在重新尝试联接三次后，直接跳转到步骤1.9，执行启动应用程序软件的过程；C. In step 1.7, if the download process of the application software upgrade file BV2A3N.BV201N.ROMFS.STAGE2 is accidentally interrupted, it will directly jump to step 1.9 after retrying the connection three times, and execute the process of starting the application software;
D、在步骤1.7中，如果在对flash的擦写过程中意外掉电，那么整个应用程序软件将被完全破坏，再上电后无论升级许可控制字的状态，都一定会进入到在线升级过程，如果升级不成功则地出现“软件损坏”显示，提示用户联系运营方解决。D. In step 1.7, if the power is accidentally turned off during the erasing and writing process of the flash, the entire application software will be completely destroyed. After power on, regardless of the state of the upgrade permission control word, it will definitely enter the online upgrade process , if the upgrade is unsuccessful, a "software damage" display will appear, prompting the user to contact the operator to solve it.
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