CN100455800C - Valve plate and hydraulic apparatus with the same - Google Patents
Valve plate and hydraulic apparatus with the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN100455800C CN100455800C CNB2006100588184A CN200610058818A CN100455800C CN 100455800 C CN100455800 C CN 100455800C CN B2006100588184 A CNB2006100588184 A CN B2006100588184A CN 200610058818 A CN200610058818 A CN 200610058818A CN 100455800 C CN100455800 C CN 100455800C
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 20
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000007914 intraventricular administration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
- F04B1/2042—Valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/122—Details or component parts, e.g. valves, sealings or lubrication means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/001—Noise damping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
- F04B53/1087—Valve seats
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Provided an efficient valve plate capable of keeping noise low and a hydraulic device provided with the same. A pressure release port 33 including a first and a second pressure release hole 34, 35 is formed on an upstream side of a rotary direction A20 of a cylinder block 22 in relation of an intake port 31 on the valve plate 21. The pressure release port 33 opens a cylinder port in multiple steps, and discharges working fluid in a piston chamber 37 before the piston chamber 37 is connected to the intake port 31. Consequently, jet is prevented from occurring when the piston chamber 37 is connected to the intake port 31, noise can be prevented and cavitation damage of the valve plate 21 can be prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be suitable as the hydraulic pressure installation of the valve plate that reciprocating pump and piston hydraulic pressure motor implement, particularly relate to the valve plate that is arranged at this hydraulic pressure installation.
Background technique
Fig. 7 is the front view of valve plate 2 of the reciprocating pump of prior art.Fig. 8 is the sectional drawing from the part of the observable reciprocating pump of section line S8-S8 of Fig. 7.Launch the circular-arc section that expression is extended in a circumferential direction on Fig. 8.Reciprocating pump possesses can center on the cylinder block 5 that axis L1 is provided with rotatably to rotation side A1.On cylinder block 5, form a plurality of piston chamber 6, in each piston chamber 6, form the cylinder port 7 that is communicated with respectively.Embed piston 8 in each piston chamber 6.End at each piston is provided with brake shoe, and each brake shoe is pushed towards the swash plate that relatively tilts perpendicular to the imaginary plane of axis L1.Thereby each piston 8 has extended travel and the stroke ground shift reciprocately of shrinking back synchronously with the rotation of cylinder block 5.
Valve plate 2 is mounted slidably in cylinder block 4.Form inhalation port 3 that is communicated with oil sources and the port 4 that spues that is communicated with driver on the valve plate 2.Inhalation port 3 forms the piston chamber 6 that is connected in piston 8 embeddings that are in extended travel by cylinder port 7.The port 4 that spues forms the piston chamber 6 that is connected in piston 8 embeddings that are in the stroke of shrinking back by cylinder port 7.Reciprocating pump can utilize driving source that the rotation of cylinder block 5 is driven, and makes each piston 8 shift reciprocately, from oil sources suction and the work that spues oil, provides work to drive with oil to driver.
When the connection destination of cylinder port 7 switches to inhalation port 3 from the port 4 that spues, cylinder port 7 be connected in inhalation port 3 and both states of port 4 that spue under, work produces reverse flow with oil.In this state, under the bigger situation of the opening area of inhalation port 3,, cause the decrease in efficiency of pump, and the pressure oscillation speed of piston chamber 6 is big, vibration is increased owing to big to the flow of inhalation port 3 reverse flows from the port 4 that spues.Again, under the smaller situation of the opening area of inhalation port 3, for smaller opening area, under the bigger situation of the pressure difference of cylinder port 7 and inhalation port 3, the work of reverse flow becomes big with the flow velocity of oil, form jet flow, produce bigger noise, cause the damage of valve plate 2 and cylinder port 7 again.Again, do not utilize at the inhalation port 3 and the port 4 that spues under the situation of the structure that cylinder port 7 is connected, after port 4 and the cylinder port 7 of spuing is cut off, the work of piston chamber 6 is compressed by piston 8 with oil, under the state that work uprises with oily pressure, owing to be connected with inhalation port 3, bigger noise takes place, valve plate 2 and cylinder port 7 produce significantly to be damaged.
In order to reduce this noise and damage, on valve plate 2, form the recess 10 of upstream side that extends to the sense of rotation A1 of cylinder block 5 from inhalation port 3, by forming this recess 10, when cylinder port 7 is connected in inhalation port 3, the initial stage that connects forms the structure that is connected with smaller opening area, can suppress from piston chamber 6 to inhalation port 3 the oily jet flow of work usefulness.
Again, in other prior arts, replace recess 10, at sense of rotation A1 upstream side, maintenance forms the vent 11 that connects the discharging field at interval, so that can be discharged in the shell of oil pressure pump with respect to inhalation port 3.This vent 11 is not to make the work of piston chamber 6 enter inhalation port 3 with oil, but make it enter the interior space of shell that holds cylinder block 5, this vent 11 is before cylinder port 7 is connected in inhalation port 3, make the pressure reduction of the work of piston chamber 6 with this with oil, by means of this, can inhibition work use oil from the jet flow of piston chamber 6 to inhalation port 3.
Also have, known have form both structures of recess 10 and vent 11.Valve plate 2 with recess 10 and vent 11 is shown in for example patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 2.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese Patent Publication 61-45073 communique
Patent documentation 2: Japan opens clear 58-6970 communique in fact
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention
Fig. 9 is conceived to a piston 8, and the plotted curve of dynamic characteristic of the reciprocating pump of prior art is shown at the travel schedule of once rotation.Figure 10 is conceived to a piston 8, is positioned at the plotted curve of dynamic characteristic of the reciprocating pump of the prior art under near the state the position of stepping back most at piston.In Fig. 9 and Figure 10, express forming recess 10 is connected the structure of the vent 11 that discharges the field with the upstream side at recess 10 dynamic characteristic.In Fig. 9, transverse axis is represented the cylinder port position, and the longitudinal axis is represented flow and the piston intraventricular pressure of work with oil.In Figure 10, transverse axis is represented the cylinder port position.The longitudinal axis is represented cylinder intraventricular pressure and opening area.The cylinder port position is the angular orientation, and piston 8 is in and stretches out the longest angular orientation is 0 °, and the locational angular orientation after piston 8 is shunk back most is 180 °.The flow that flow spues with piston chamber 6 on the occasion of.The piston intraventricular pressure is the pressure of the work of piston chamber 6 with oil.Opening area is the opening area of cylinder port 7.
Dotted line 12 expression piston intraventricular pressures among Fig. 9, the work that some locking wire 13 expressions flow down by the port 4 that the spues oil mass of oil, 2 oily flows of work that locking wire 14 expressions flow down by inhalation port 3, the work that solid line 15 expressions flow down by vent 11 flow of oil.Some locking wire 16 expression piston intraventricular pressures among Figure 10, solid line 17 expressions are for the opening area of the port 4 that spues, and dotted line 18 expressions are for the opening area of inhalation port 3 and vent 11.
Under the situation of the structure that only forms a vent 11, even cylinder port has under the situation of displacement, because opening area is certain, also be difficult to form the vent that can access only pressure rate of descent even be used on the pump of variable capacity type.In detail, under situation capacious, because the pressure slippage of the piston chamber 6 that the elongation of piston 8 causes is big.Under the little situation of capacity, the pressure slippage of the piston chamber 6 that the elongation of piston 8 causes is little.Thereby the vent 11 that is suitable for the operation under the big state of capacity is little inner diameter holes, when under the little state of capacity, moving, before piston chamber 6 is connected in inhalation port 3, the work of piston chamber 6 is fully descended with oily pressure, can not prevent generation to the jet flow of inhalation port 3.Otherwise the vent 11 that is suitable for the operation under the little state of capacity is the holes than large diameter, and when moving under the bigger state of capacity, the pressure oscillation speed of piston chamber 6 becomes bigger, and vibration is increased.Such jet flow is relevant with the damage of valve plate 2 and cylinder port 7 with vibration and noise, and particularly the jet flow to inhalation port 3 causes harmful effects such as noise increase probably.
Under the situation of the structure that only forms recess 10, because the displacement of cylinder port 7, opening area is changed, compare with the situation that only forms a vent 11, be to be formed on the structure that obtains only pressure rate of descent in the larger capacity scope easily, because work is returned inhalation port 3 with oil, thus emission flow can be reduced, but can not prevent generation to the jet flow of inhalation port 3 by recess 10.
Even make the structure that recess 10 and vent 11 are made up, can not remedy the other side's shortcoming mutually, in 2 locking wires 14 as Fig. 9, shown in the part of symbol 14a, there is jet flow to take place.
The objective of the invention is to, valve plate that efficient height and noise can suppress for a short time and the hydraulic pressure installation that possesses this valve plate are provided.
The means of dealing with problems
Valve plate of the present invention, it is the valve plate that is arranged on the hydraulic pressure installation that possesses following parts, described parts are promptly: running shaft, combine with running shaft is in aggregates, keep forming at interval the cylinder block of a plurality of piston chamber in a circumferential direction, have a plurality of pistons that carry out shift reciprocately along with the rotatable elongate stroke of cylinder block and the stroke of shrinking back in each piston chamber, and the port and be connected in the inhalation port of the piston chamber that the piston of extended travel embeds of spuing that forms piston chamber that the piston be connected in the stroke of shrinking back embeds, form simultaneously and make the area change of opening area smooth variation slowly change means when piston chamber is connected in inhalation port at least
It is characterized in that, follow moving when the stroke of shrinking back is transferred to extended travel of piston chamber, part at the beginning opening that makes inhalation port has the two or more vents that keep the interval, the vent of the movement direction upstream side of piston chamber is communicated with the discharging field, and the vent in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber is communicated with inhalation port.
Adopt the present invention, hydraulic pressure installation is followed the rotation of cylinder block, and its piston back and forth is shifted, and sucks working liquid body from inhalation port, spues from the port that spues then.The motor rotation that this hydraulic pressure installation utilization is provided with separately drives cylinder block, forms from inhalation port and sucks working liquid body, from the structure that the port that spues is discharged, can use as oil hydraulic pump with this.Again can be with above-mentioned inhalation port as the port that spues, to spue port as inhalation port, utilize the hydraulic power that is arranged at the port side that spues in addition that high-pressure work liquid is provided, formation can be taken out the structure of the rotating energy of cylinder block, uses as fluid pressure motor with this.
On valve plate, following moving of piston chamber when the stroke of shrinking back is transferred to extended travel, make part that the opening of inhalation port begins (for inhalation port, the part of the upstream side of piston movement direction), the vent that has two or more maintenance certain distances.By means of this, before piston chamber is directly connected in inhalation port, can fully discharge the working liquid body of piston chamber by each vent.And, by forming two or more vents, can be regardless of fixed capacity type or variable capacity type, can prevent situation, and the pressure of jet flow does not take place the pressure of the working liquid body of piston chamber is reduced to be connected in inhalation port in piston chamber the time to the vent jet flow.Thereby valve plate can prevent that the working liquid body of piston chamber from forming the situation generation that jet flow is discharged, and can prevent noise, can prevent the damage of valve plate simultaneously.
And compare with the vent in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber, the vent of the upstream side of the movement direction of the piston chamber of easier generation jet flow with discharge the place and be communicated with, just in case the generation jet flow also can prevent this jet flow inflow inhalation port.By means of this, can prevent the generation of noise and vibration.And the vent in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber is communicated with inhalation port, can reduce emission flow.Can raise the efficiency with this.
Again, the invention is characterized in that the vent in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber has the big opening area of vent than the upstream side of piston chamber movement direction, so that jet flow does not take place when being directly connected in inhalation port in piston chamber.
Adopt the present invention, do the opening area of the vent of the movement direction upstream side of piston chamber little, can prevent the jet flow of the vent of this upstream side reliably, and the working liquid body of piston chamber is discharged, reduce pressure.Like this, reduce at the vent that utilizes upstream side under the pressure status of working liquid body of piston chamber, utilize the vent in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber, can before piston chamber is connected in inhalation port, strengthen the working solution scale of construction of discharging, the pressure of the working liquid body of piston chamber is reduced greatly from piston chamber.Thereby can reliably prevent the jet flow of each vent and to the jet flow of inhalation port.And emission flow can be suppressed to improve the efficient of pump in smaller flow.
Again, the present invention is characterized by the hydraulic pressure installation that possesses described valve plate.
Adopt the present invention, can access the little suitable hydraulic pressure installation of noise.
Adopt the present invention, form two or more vents,, can both prevent that the working liquid body of piston chamber from forming the jet flow discharge, can prevent the generation of noise, can prevent the damage of valve plate simultaneously no matter be fixed capacity type or variable capacity type.And the vent that the upstream side of jet flow takes place easily is connected in and discharges the place, just in case jet flow takes place, can prevent that also this jet flow from flowing into inhalation port, can prevent to pulse.The vent in downstream side is connected in inhalation port in addition, can reduce the discharge pipe flow, raises the efficiency.
Adopt the present invention, can reliably prevent the jet flow of each vent and to the jet flow of inhalation port.And, can suppress the discharge pipe flow little, can improve the efficient of pump.
Adopt the present invention, can access the little suitable hydraulic pressure installation of noise.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of valve plate 21 of the reciprocating pump 20 of the present invention's one example.
Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of reciprocating pump 20.
Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing from the part of the observed reciprocating pump 20 of section line S3-S3 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is conceived to a piston 23, and the plotted curve of the dynamic characteristic of reciprocating pump 20 is shown at the travel schedule of once rotation.
Fig. 5 is conceived to a piston 23, the plotted curve of the dynamic characteristic of the reciprocating pump 20 under near the state piston 23 is positioned at the position of stepping back most.
Fig. 6 is the plotted curve that the dynamic characteristic with the dynamic characteristic of reciprocating pump 20 of the present invention and the reciprocating pump of the prior art that forms recess 10 is compared.
Fig. 7 is the front view of valve plate 2 of the reciprocating pump of expression prior art.
Fig. 8 is the sectional drawing from the part of the observed reciprocating pump of section line S8-S8 (20) of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is conceived to a piston 8, and the plotted curve of dynamic characteristic of the reciprocating pump of prior art is shown at the travel schedule of once rotation.
Figure 10 is conceived to a piston 8, is positioned at the plotted curve of dynamic characteristic of the reciprocating pump of the prior art under near the state the position of stepping back most at piston.
Symbol description
20 reciprocating pumps
21 valve plates
22 cylinder block
23 pistons
24 brake shoes
25 swash plates
26 shells
27 running shafts
31 inhalation ports
32 ports that spue
33 decompression ports
34 the 1st vents
35 the 2nd vents
37 piston chamber
38 cylinder port
The A20 sense of rotation
The L20 spin axis
The L25 axis that fascinates
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the front view of valve plate 21 of the reciprocating pump 20 of the present invention's one example.Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of reciprocating pump 20.Fig. 1 represents from the valve plate 21 as cylinder block 22 unilateral observations of the left of Fig. 2.As the reciprocating pump 20 of hydraulic pressure installation is the ramp type oil pressure pump that is arranged at the variable capacity type on for example industrial machinery and construction implement, utilization drives from the driving force that prime mover comes, to offer the driver that is arranged at industrial machinery and construction implement with oil as the work of working liquid body, be used in driving this driver.This reciprocating pump 20 comprises valve plate 21, cylinder block 22, a plurality of piston 23, a plurality of brake shoe 24 and swash plate 25 basically, and these members are contained in the shell 26 that reciprocating pump 20 also possesses.Shell 26 has housing main body 26a, protecgulum 26b and valve shell 26c.
Again, reciprocating pump 20 also comprises running shaft 27, and this running shaft, rotatably props up by the 1st bearing 29 and to be held in protecgulum 26b from the partly outstanding state of protecgulum 26b with axial direction one end 27a, and can be around rotation around the spin axis L20 consistent with this axis.Again, described running shaft 27, its axial direction the other end 27b rotatably props up by the 2nd bearing 30 and is held in valve shell 26c, and can be around described spin axis L20 rotation.Running shaft 27 can rotate to sense of rotation A20.
Decompression port 33 is positioned near the inhalation port 31, and is formed at the upstream side that relative inhalation port 31 is positioned at the sense of rotation A20 of running shaft 27, and keeps on the position of certain intervals.Decompression port 33 has a plurality of, and two vents 34,35 are arranged in this example, and each vent 34,35 keeps being formed on the sense of rotation A20 of running shaft 27 at interval.On valve plate 21, form from the recess 36 of port 32 that spue to the upstream side extension of the sense of rotation A20 of running shaft 27 again.Convenience in order to understand among Fig. 2 is expressed as the position of inhalation port 31 is offset to circumferencial direction.
Each piston 23 is roughly cylindric, is partially submerged into each piston chamber 37 that is contained in cylinder block 22 with the state of realizing mutual sealing respectively, and forms hydraulic chamber 41.Again, each piston 23 is set to along axis cylinder block 22 shift reciprocatelies relatively.The shift reciprocately of each piston 23 comprises to the extended travel of prolonging direction displacement with to the stroke of shrinking back of the direction displacement of shrinking back.Because the displacement of each piston 23, the volume of each hydraulic chamber 41 changes respectively.Again, axial direction one end 43 from the outstanding side of piston chamber 37 of piston 23, its outer surface forms spherical shape.
Each brake shoe 24 has in the flange part 45 of its axial direction one end formation perpendicular to the surface of contact 44 of axis, is formed on the embedding part 46 of axial direction the other end opening simultaneously.The internal surface of the embedding part 46 of each brake shoe 24 forms spherical shape, make an end 33 of the axial direction of piston 23 be embedded in this embedding part 46, each brake shoe 24 is a center of rotation with the center of an embedding part 46 and a described end 43, can around 3 of quadratures separately and combination be rotationally connected with piston 23.
Reciprocating pump 20 also comprises pressing member 51.Be the sphere bearing shell 50 of spherical shape more than cylinder block 22 on the running shaft 27 by forming outer surface on the part of axial direction one end 27a.The center of the ball of the outer surface formation of this sphere bearing shell 50 is consistent with any on the spin axis L20, and consistent with the intersection point of the spin axis L20 and the axis L25 that fascinates in this example, the outer surface of sphere bearing shell 50 forms the guide surface of guiding pressing member 51.
Pressing member 51 is set under the state of being supported by the guide surface of sphere bearing shell 50, the center of the ball that forms with guide surface, just spin axis L20 is a center of rotation with the intersection point of the axis L25 that fascinates, can around 3 of quadratures separately and combination rotate.This pressing member 51 is stopped over the flange part 45 of each brake shoe 24 fixing, and each brake shoe 24 is pushed to the supporting surface 47 of swash plate 25.Under this state, each brake shoe 24 can allow micro displacement to the relative pressing member 51 of direction along the supporting surface 47 of swash plate 25.
Each piston 23 that once rotates that reciprocating pump 20 forms relative cylinder block 22 has a reciprocal structure.The reciprocating action of each piston 23 has respectively on angular orientation per each other 180 ° on the circumferencial direction around the spin axis L20 stretches out the longest maximum elongation position and maximum maximum retracted position of shrinking back.Specifically, with spin axis L20, the imaginary plane that the axis L22 that fascinates in addition is vertical exists maximum elongation position and maximum retracted position on the angular orientation consistent with the axis of piston 23.The shift reciprocately of piston 23, the stroke from the maximum elongation position to the maximum retracted position stroke of shrinking back exactly, the stroke from maximum retracted position to the maximum elongation position is exactly an extended travel.Sometimes maximum elongation position and maximum retracted position are called the dead point below.
The inhalation port 31 of valve plate 21 is on the extended travel and be in the piston chamber 37 that near the piston 23 of the position except each dead point embeds and connect by cylinder port 38.The piston chamber 37 that the port 32 that spues of valve plate 21 forms near piston 23 embeddings of on the stroke of shrinking back and the position being in the dead point connects by cylinder port 38.The decompression port 33 of valve plate 21 forms when the stroke of shrinking back switches to extended travel, is in the piston chamber 37 that near the piston 23 the dead point (maximum elongation position) embeds and connects by cylinder port 38.
On valve shell 26c, form the suction path (not shown) that is communicated with the inhalation port 31 of valve plate 21, form the path that spues (not shown) that is communicated with the port 32 that spues of valve plate 21 again.Connection storage work connects as the driver of supplying the destination on the path that spues with the fuel tank of oil on the path sucking.Reciprocating pump 20 is being sent power here from prime mover, when cylinder block 22 is driven in rotation with running shaft 27, follow the rotation of cylinder block 22, each piston 23 shift reciprocately, can will work by inhalation port 31 sucks with oil, and will work by the port 32 that spues spues with oil.By means of this, can provide work with oil to driver, driver is driven.
Again, in reciprocating pump 20, when utilizing servomechanism 48 that the angle of inclination of swash plate 35 is changed, the maximum elongation position of piston 23 and the distance of maximum retracted position change, because the work that a to-and-fro motion of piston 23 spues changes with oily discharge-amount.Thereby, can change the capacity of reciprocating pump 20 by the angle of inclination that changes swash plate 35.
Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing from the part of the observed reciprocating pump 20 of section line S3-S3 of Fig. 1.In Fig. 3, the circular-arc section that extends is in a circumferential direction launched expression.The connection destination of cylinder port 38 is when the port 32 that spues switches to inhalation port 31, if cylinder port 38 is connected in the inhalation port 31 and the port 32 that spues simultaneously, then inhalation port 31 is connected by cylinder port 38 with the port 32 that spues, can generation work with rough sledding such as oily reverse flows.For fear of this rough sledding, spue port 32 and cylinder port 38 form blocking mutually before piston 23 reaches maximum position of shrinking back.Specifically, the size W1 of the circumferencial direction of cylinder port 38 forms the interval W2 less than the circumferencial direction of the inhalation port 31 and the port 32 that spues.The interval W2 of the circumferencial direction of the inhalation port 31 and the port 32 that spues is the intervals between the end of sense of rotation A20 upstream side of the end in sense of rotation A20 downstream side of port 32 and inhalation port 31 of spuing.Sense of rotation A20 is the movement direction of piston chamber 37 and cylinder port 38.
In such structure, if form the structure that does not have decompression port 33, then spue after port 32 is disconnected 38 pairs of cylinder port, then the work of piston chamber 37 is compressed by piston 23 with oil, work is high pressure conditions with the pressure of oil, and cylinder port 38 is connected in inhalation port 31 with large opening area rapidly.Thereby the work of piston chamber 37 forms jet flow with oil and flows into inhalation port 31, and huge noise takes place, and 21 generations damage to valve plate.For the generation of the reason that prevents this noise and damage, on valve plate 21, the part that begins at the opening that makes inhalation port 31 forms the decompression port 33 with two vents 34,35.
Being disposed at the 1st vent 34 of sense of rotation A20 upstream side and the port 32 that spues in two vents 34,35 keeps interval W3 to form in a circumferential direction.The distance W 3 of the circumferencial direction of the 1st vent 34 and the port 32 that spues forms the size W1 of the circumferencial direction that is slightly smaller than cylinder port 38.The 2nd vent 35 that is disposed at sense of rotation A20 downstream side in the 1st vent 34 and two vents 34,35 keeps at interval in a circumferential direction, and W4 forms.Size W1 on the circumferencial direction of the ratio cylinder port 34 that the interval W4 of each vent 34,35 forms is little.
Each vent 34,35 is divided into a group and a group of sense of rotation A20 downstream side of sense of rotation A20 upstream side.In this example, the 1st vent 34 belongs to a group of sense of rotation A20 upstream side, and the 2nd vent 35 belongs to a group of sense of rotation A20 downstream side.One group the 1st vent 34 that belongs to sense of rotation A20 upstream side is communicated with the inner space that holds as cylinder block 22 grades in the container 26 of discharging the place.The inside of the 2nd vent 35 by valve plate 21 that belongs to one group of sense of rotation A20 upstream side is communicated with inhalation port 31.Each vent the 34, the 35th, cylindric pore, the internal diameter of the 1st vent 34 are done forr a short time than the internal diameter of the 2nd vent 35.
Each vent 34,35 forms, no matter capacity how, the flow velocity that the work of piston chamber 37 spues with oil when being connected in cylinder port 38 can not reach the flow velocity of formation jet flow.An example that forms the flow velocity of jet flow is, for example the internal diameter of vent 34,35 is 2mm, and the pressure difference of high pressure (port spues) side and low pressure (inhalation port) side is the situation of 2MPa, is to begin to take place jet flow more than the 20m/sec in speed.This numerical value is the numerical value that can change along with various conditions, and above-mentioned numerical value is an example.Again, each vent 34,35 forms from spue relatively port 32 of cylinder port 38 and is interdicted total discharge-amount of the working liquid body that can spue by each vent 34,35 from piston chamber 37 during being connected in till the inhalation port 31 more than predefined discharge-amount.The discharge-amount of this setting when to be the work that makes piston chamber 37 with the pressure of oil drop to cylinder port 38 and be connected in inhalation port 31 work of piston chamber 37 can not form the needed discharge-amount of pressure that jet flow flows out with oil, this discharge-amount determines according to the capacity of reciprocating pump 20.
The work that flows down by each vent 34,35 is adjusted by the internal diameter of selecting each vent 34,35 with the flow of oil and the total discharge-amount that spues by each vent 34,35.As prior art, only form in the structure of a vent, in all told of variable range, the flow of vent is for setting below the flow, and can not form and make the discharge-amount that spues by vent greater than the structure of setting discharge-amount, but as this example, form the structure of a plurality of vents 34,35, in all told of variable range, the flow of vent is being set under the flow, and can form the discharge-amount that flows out by vent greater than the structure of setting discharge-amount.
Fig. 4 is conceived to a piston 23, and the plotted curve of the dynamic characteristic of reciprocating pump 20 is shown at the travel schedule of once rotation.Fig. 5 is conceived to a piston 23, the plotted curve of the dynamic characteristic of the reciprocating pump 20 under near the state piston 23 is positioned at the position of stepping back most.Fig. 6 is the plotted curve that the dynamic characteristic with the dynamic characteristic of reciprocating pump 20 of the present invention and the reciprocating pump of the prior art that forms recess 10 and vent 11 is compared.In Fig. 4, transverse axis is represented the position of cylinder port, and the longitudinal axis is represented flow and the piston intraventricular pressure of work with oil.In Fig. 5, transverse axis is represented the cylinder port position, and the longitudinal axis is represented piston intraventricular pressure and opening area.In Fig. 6 (1)～Fig. 6 (3), transverse axis is represented the cylinder port position, and in Fig. 6 (1), the longitudinal axis is represented the piston intraventricular pressure, and in Fig. 6 (2), the longitudinal axis is represented opening area, and in Fig. 6 (3), the longitudinal axis is represented flow.The cylinder port position is the angular orientation, and the angular orientation that piston 23 is in the maximum elongation position is 0 °, and the angular orientation that piston 23 is in maximum retracted position is 180 °.Flow be with the flow that spues from piston chamber 37 on the occasion of.The piston intraventricular pressure is the pressure of the work of piston chamber 37 with oil.Opening area is the opening area of cylinder port 38.
Among Fig. 4, with dotted line 60 expression piston intraventricular pressures, the oily flow of work that some locking wire 61 expressions flow down by the port 32 that spues, the work that two-dot chain line 62 expressions flow down by inhalation port 31 flow of oil, solid line 63 is represented the work that flows down by the 1st vent 34 flow of oil.Again, in the flow of two-dot chain line 62 expressions, near the flow that the cylinder port position shown in the symbol 64 is positioned at 180 ° is to flow into the flow of the work of inhalation port 31 with oil by the 2nd vent 35.Among Fig. 5, some locking wire 65 expression piston intraventricular pressures, solid line 66 expressions are for the opening area of the port 32 that spues, and dotted line 67 expressions are for the opening area of inhalation port 31, and two-dot chain line 68 expressions are for the opening area of the 1st vent 34.Again, in the opening area for inhalation port 31, the cylinder port position of representing with symbol 69 is that the opening area of about 186.5 °～195.5 ° of angular range, theta is the opening areas for the 2nd vent.Among Fig. 6, the dynamic characteristic of solid line 70～72 expressions reciprocating pump 20 of the present invention, the dynamic characteristic of the reciprocating pump of dotted line 73～75 expression prior arts.
As this example, on valve plate 21, form the structure of each vent 34,35, before cylinder port 38 is directly connected in inhalation port 31, for the work that makes piston chamber 37 reduces with oily pressure, can will make the work of spuing do for a short time with the opening area that connects on the decompression port 33 of oily usefulness, shown in the part 69 of two-dot chain line among Fig. 5 68 and dotted line 67, simultaneously shown in Fig. 6 (2).And this opening area forms the structure that increases according to many ranks.By means of this, shown in Fig. 6 (1), compare with the structure of the formation recess 10 of prior art, the work of piston chamber 37 rate of descent with the pressure of oil can be suppressed in smaller degree.By means of this, shown in the part 64 of solid line among Fig. 4 63 and two-dot chain line 62, oil mass can be suppressed in smaller degree, make the work that flows down by each vent 34,35 not form jet flow with oil.And before cylinder port 38 is connected in inhalation port 31, can make the work of piston chamber 37 drop to the pressure that jet flow does not take place when cylinder port 38 is connected in inhalation port 31 with oily pressure, in structure of the present invention, in Fig. 6 (3), shown in the solid line 72, the part 78 that can prevent dotted line 75 in Fig. 6 (3) is such, the generation of jet flow when being connected in such inhalation port.
Adopt this example, on valve plate 21, form decompression port 33 at the relative upstream side of the sense of rotation A20 of inhalation port 31, decompression port 33 is along with piston chamber 37 moves, make the cylinder port 38 that is communicated with piston chamber 37 with a plurality of rank openings, before piston chamber 37 is connected in inhalation port 31, the work of piston chamber 37 is fully spued with oil.And have two or more vents 34,35, no matter be fixed capacity type or variable capacity type, can prevent that vent 34,35 from jet flow taking place, and before piston chamber 37 was connected in inhalation port 31, the pressure of jet flow can not take place in the work that can make piston chamber 37 when dropping to piston chamber 37 and be connected in inhalation port 31 with the pressure of oil.Thereby valve plate 21 can prevent that the work of piston chamber 37 from forming jet flow with oil and flowing out, and can prevent the generation of noise, can prevent the damage of valve plate 21 simultaneously.
And compare with the vent 35 in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber 37, the vent 34 of the movement direction upstream side of the piston chamber 37 of generation jet flow utilizes the discharging field to be connected with discharging the place communicatively easily, also can prevent this jet flow inflow inhalation port 31 just in case jet flow takes place.By means of this, can prevent pulsation.And the vent 35 in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber 37 is communicated with inhalation port 31, can reduce the discharge pipe flow.By means of this, can raise the efficiency.
And do the opening area of the vent 34 of the movement direction upstream side of piston chamber 37 little, and can reliably prevent the jet flow of the vent 34 of this upstream side, and the work of piston chamber 37 is spued with oil, reduce pressure.Like this, under the state that the work of vent 34 piston chamber 37 of upstream side reduces with the pressure of oil, utilize the vent 35 in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber 37, before piston chamber 37 is connected in inhalation port 31, make piston chamber 37 spue more work, the work of piston chamber 37 is reduced greatly with oily pressure with oil.Thereby can reliably prevent the jet flow of each vent 34,35 and to the jet flow of inhalation port 31.And emission flow can be suppressed to improve the efficient of pump in (comparison) little degree.
Can realize suitable reciprocating pump 20 like this.
Above-mentioned each example only is an illustration of the present invention, can change formation within the scope of the invention.For example above-mentioned each example is that example describes with the plate axial piston pump of variable capacity type, but also can utilize fixed capacity type pump to implement.And be not limited to ramp type, also can utilize axial piston pump to implement.And be not limited to pump, also can utilize motor to implement.And in above-mentioned example, adopt 22 structures of rotating in one direction of cylinder block to describe, but also can be the structure of on positive and negative both direction, rotating.In this case, the upstream side that might become inhalation port is provided with decompression port and gets final product.And hydraulic pressure installation also can be to utilize work with the fluid beyond the oil, for example utilizes the work water to carry out the structure of work.And can be the structure that can be used in other machineries beyond industrial machinery and the building machinery and vehicle etc.
Claims (3)
1. a valve plate is the valve plate that is arranged on the hydraulic pressure installation that possesses following parts, described parts be running shaft,
Combine with running shaft is in aggregates, keep in a circumferential direction forming at interval a plurality of piston chamber cylinder block,
Each piston chamber have along with the rotatable elongate stroke of cylinder block and the stroke of shrinking back carry out shift reciprocately a plurality of pistons and
Formation is connected in the port and be connected in the inhalation port of the piston chamber that the piston of extended travel embeds of spuing of piston chamber that the piston of the stroke of shrinking back embeds, rapid pressure oscillation in the piston chamber when while is connected in inhalation port at least in order to relax piston chamber, formation makes the area change of opening area smooth variation slowly change means
It is characterized in that, follow moving when the stroke of shrinking back is transferred to extended travel of piston chamber, have in the part that the port that spues is interdicted begin opening to inhalation port and to keep plural vent at interval, the vent of the movement direction upstream side of piston chamber is communicated with the discharging field, and the vent in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber is communicated with inhalation port.
2. valve plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the vent in the movement direction downstream side of piston chamber has the big opening area of vent than the upstream side of piston chamber movement direction, so that jet flow does not take place when being directly connected in inhalation port in piston chamber.
3. a hydraulic pressure installation is characterized in that, possesses claim 1 or 2 described valve plates.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP191982/2005 | 2005-06-30 | ||
| JP2005191982A JP4542473B2 (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2005-06-30 | Valve plate and hydraulic device including the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1892032A CN1892032A (en) | 2007-01-10 |
| CN100455800C true CN100455800C (en) | 2009-01-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100588184A Active CN100455800C (en) | 2005-06-30 | 2006-02-28 | Valve plate and hydraulic apparatus with the same |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4542473B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100682695B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100455800C (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4914060B2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2012-04-11 | 株式会社ブイエスディー | Flywheel generator |
| KR100862117B1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-10-09 | 우영석 | fire detector |
| JP5400215B2 (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2014-01-29 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Hydraulic pump / motor and method for preventing pulsation of hydraulic pump / motor |
| KR101187598B1 (en) | 2010-07-20 | 2012-10-04 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Hydraulic compressor converter |
| CN106460807B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2018-08-03 | 株式会社小松制作所 | hydraulic pump/motor |
| KR20160046992A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-05-02 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | A Valve Plate And Pump of Construction Equipment having same |
| JP6045745B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2016-12-14 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Hydraulic pump / motor |
| KR101914331B1 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2018-11-01 | 현대건설기계 주식회사 | Valve Plate and Hydraulic Apparatus of Construction Equipment having same |
| DE102015224129A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydrostatic axial piston machine |
| DE102018205884A1 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Axial piston machine with pressure relief in the Durchtriebsraum |
| CN112227240A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-15 | 重庆科技学院 | Height-variable speed reducer, installation method thereof and standard traveling system |
| CN113153732B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2024-06-07 | 宝鸡航天动力泵业有限公司 | Reciprocating plunger type injection pump fluid end |
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| JPH0697034B2 (en) * | 1988-06-07 | 1994-11-30 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Movable swash plate compressor |
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| JP4601276B2 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2010-12-22 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | Axial piston type fluid pump / motor |
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- 2005-06-30 JP JP2005191982A patent/JP4542473B2/en active Active
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| JPS566080A (en) * | 1979-06-25 | 1981-01-22 | Kayaba Ind Co Ltd | Axial piston pump |
| JPS586970U (en) * | 1981-07-03 | 1983-01-17 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Axial piston type fluid machine |
| JPS597786A (en) * | 1982-07-07 | 1984-01-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Piston-type fluid machine |
| US6361285B1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2002-03-26 | Parker Hannifin Gmbh | Valve plate with hydraulic passageways for axial piston pumps |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007009811A (en) | 2007-01-18 |
| KR100682695B1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
| JP4542473B2 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
| KR20070003528A (en) | 2007-01-05 |
| CN1892032A (en) | 2007-01-10 |
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Owner name: KAWASAKI JUKGYO K. K. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: KAWAZAKI SEIKO CO., LTD. Effective date: 20110426 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: HYOGO PREFECTURE, JAPAN TO: 6508670 NO. 3-1-1, KANO-CHO, CHUO-KU, KOBE CITY, HYOGO PREFECTURE, JAPAN |
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Effective date of registration: 20110426 Address after: Six million five hundred and eight thousand six hundred and seventy Kobe City, Japan Hyogo central Higashikawa Sakimachimi chome 1 times 1 Patentee after: Kawasaki Jukgyo K. K. Address before: Tokyo Electron Limited Patentee before: Kawazaki Seiko Co., Ltd. |