CN100454854C - Distributed network plug-and-play measurement and control system - Google Patents
Distributed network plug-and-play measurement and control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100454854C CN100454854C CNB2007100640173A CN200710064017A CN100454854C CN 100454854 C CN100454854 C CN 100454854C CN B2007100640173 A CNB2007100640173 A CN B2007100640173A CN 200710064017 A CN200710064017 A CN 200710064017A CN 100454854 C CN100454854 C CN 100454854C
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Abstract
The distributed network plug-and-play detecting and monitoring system includes a, industrial bus network, supervisory computer, and some nodes. It can dynamic find out the accessing or removing of node for real-time monitor. Wherein, the computer and node all has self CPU module and network interface module, the latter can access different detection module according to task. It uses XML format to exchange data between computer and node. This invention improves system extensibility, and saves assembly and maintenance cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributed networked TT﹠C system, relate in particular to a kind of distributed networked TT﹠C system plug and play method and device thereof, belong to the computer measurement and control field based on XML (extensible Markup Language).
Background technology
In recent years, the Internet that has incorporated the computer technology and the network communications technology had obtained develop rapidly, and meanwhile, the development that the software engineering of application Network Based develops to the other field technology has also brought deep effect.Especially at measurement and control area, the direction of observation and control technology forward networking develops, and makes TT﹠C system further change to distributed, open architecture.TT﹠C system is widely used in fields such as remote data acquisition, Process Control System, energy conservation, safety system, laboratory automation, building automatic, properties of product test and Aero-Space.Along with the development of Internet technology, will the seek to achieve breakthrough restriction in zone of TT﹠C system realizes Long-distance Control truly.
Present TT﹠C system is general only to be designed separately at the specific occasion, the compatibility of different company's product and the extensibility of TT﹠C system are all poor, although a lot of companies are all making efforts for the plug and play technique of TT﹠C system node, its versatility is not strong.Whole system all needs to do bigger change when needs increase new node, and extendible complexity is bigger, and has increased the expansion and the maintenance cost of system greatly, and the plug and play of the existing TT﹠C system node of historical facts or anecdotes will help overcoming existing technological deficiency.
Exchange based on the measuring and control data of XML (XML (extensible Markup Language)) technology has remarkable advantages than traditional data exchange ways, it shows: XML be a kind of flexibly, dynamic, extendible, and the data representation language of extensively being supported, information is deposited and managed according to document mode is the big characteristics of XML, and this pattern is very near the organization and management pattern of people to information.On the one hand XML provides abundant, self-described, unified information statement; This on the other hand information representation can be by people and computer understanding.In a single day information adopt XML to represent, just can be shared by other system easily and utilize.Yet, the XML technology is applied to also not realize in the distributed measurement and control system.The present invention will solve the plug and play problem of distributed networked TT﹠C system in conjunction with the advantage of XML technology.
Summary of the invention
A kind of distributed network plug-and-play measurement and control system of the present invention its objective is: utilize the characteristics of XML technology, solve the plug and play problem of distributed networked TT﹠C system node.It can dynamically find the access of measuring and controlling node or situation about removing, and the measuring and controlling node that inserts or remove is carried out dynamic management and monitoring in real time, has improved the extensibility of system greatly, has saved the installation and maintenance cost of system simultaneously.
A kind of distributed network plug-and-play measurement and control system of the present invention, it is made up of industry control bus network, supervisory control comuter and several measuring and controlling nodes.This industry control bus can be industry control Ethernet, CAN bus, Profibus bus or 1553B bus; Supervisory control comuter and measuring and controlling node all have processor (CPU) module and the Network Interface Module of oneself, and measuring and controlling node also comprises concrete control module.Data between supervisory control comuter and measuring and controlling node exchange with the form of XML (XML (extensible Markup Language)).Network topology structure between supervisory control comuter and measuring and controlling node is a bus-type.Measuring and controlling node can arbitrarily insert or remove from bus network, supervisory control comuter will manage these measuring and controlling nodes according to its list of devices of safeguarding, when the measuring and controlling node access network, to carry out the distribution of unified IP address to it by supervisory control comuter, and the facility information of this measuring and controlling node will be added in the current device tabulation.When node removes, will in historical list of devices, do record.
For realizing that dynamic access or the node that removes are monitored in real time and managed, supervisory control comuter mainly comprises as lower module:
A) initialization module: realize hardware resource, user interface and the database of supervisory control comuter are carried out initialization, start corresponding measurement and control program, make system enter operating state.
B) node dynamic management module: it has safeguarded a current device tabulation and a historical list of devices, and they write down and manage the measuring and controlling node that inserts or remove together.Particularly, when new node inserts, measuring and controlling node will send the device descriptive information and the IP request of this node to supervisory control comuter after initialization, whether once supervisory control comuter searches the existence of this equipment in the equipment unique identification in historical list of devices earlier, if existence is then tabulated the information transfer in this device history tabulation to current device in, otherwise will in the current device tabulation, create facility information according to the descriptor of this equipment for it; And then, be this devices allocation independent IP address and communication port according to existing IP address in the current list of devices.Equipment will have been set up with supervisory control comuter and be fixedly coupled like this.When network removes, connection will be interrupted, and at this moment will refresh current list of devices as node, and the facility information that loses connection is transferred in the historical list of devices.
C) data read-write module: supervisory control comuter possesses the read-write capability of XML file.By the XML document parser, can resolve the XML file that measuring and controlling node sends to supervisory control comuter, and extract useful measuring and control data according to analysis result.Control command or IP assignment information can be identified with XML simultaneously, so that better resolved and obtain by measuring and controlling node.
D) real-time monitoring module: it is responsible for obtaining in real time, store and showing of observing and controlling information, and main interface comprises the information of current list of devices and historical equipment list.The user can switch to the monitoring interface of certain measuring and controlling node in the current device tabulation, show its monitor state in real time or it is sent the observing and controlling instruction, the storage that the user was concerned about can be arrived database simultaneously, the observing and controlling state information will be presented to the user with the form of real time data, realtime graphic and real-time curve; In addition, the user can switch to historical list of devices, checks monitored results wherein.System supports history curve demonstration and report query and printing function, will have the function of playback for image information.The measurement data that measuring and controlling node sends over will be identified by XML, and supervisory control comuter will call data read-write module measurement data is resolved and obtained, and deposit database in.Simultaneously, the control command that supervisory control comuter sent is also called data read-write module and will be instructed and identify with XML.
E) remote monitoring module: supervisory control comuter can be used as the server of the Internet, is convenient to remote monitoring user's visit.And because XML is based on technology and the standard of Internet, so the local formative monitor data of XML can carry out with the long-distance user easily alternately.
F) abnormality processing module: can be to the handling unusually of supervisory control system, when unregistered node is got involved network and on network action arranged, supervisory control comuter will obtain its IP address and give this node transmission reset signal; Guarantee that this node no longer takies the network bandwidth.
To go forward a), b), c), d) be indispensable module; E), f) be optional module.
Simultaneously, possess plug and play in order to make measuring and controlling node, i.e. the access of node or remove and can detect by monitored computer, measuring and controlling node mainly comprises with lower module:
A) initialization module: but the Network Interface Module of initialization measuring and controlling node and control module, equipment after the initialization will be in the state that sends the IP request to supervisory control comuter always, after the IP that receives supervisory control comuter distributes the XML file, this measuring and controlling node will enter operating state according to supervisory control comuter for its IP address allocated this machine IP that resets.
B) control module: form by observing and controlling interface module and sensing unit.The observing and controlling interface module is to connect the CPU module of measuring and controlling node and the passage of sensing unit, is to realize the interface of sensing unit to the CPU module, and sensing unit is then determined jointly by observing and controlling object and TT﹠C task.Different its control modules with TT﹠C task of observing and controlling object are also different, as when TT﹠C task is probe temperature, then the sensing unit of control module is a temperature sensor, the observing and controlling interface module is the analog acquisition passage, and the CPU module of measuring and controlling node just can collect this temperature signal by the analog acquisition passage; When TT﹠C task is when realizing the control of a switch motion, the sensing unit of control module can be a relay, the observing and controlling interface module is the digital quantity output channel, after the CUP module of measuring and controlling node is received the switch command of supervisory control comuter by Network Interface Module, just can send signal by the digital quantity passage to the observing and controlling interface module of CPU module, control the switch motion of this relay.
C) data read-write module: its function is with the data read-write module of supervisory control comuter, by the XML document parser, can send to the XML file that the control command of measuring and controlling node and IP distribute to supervisory control comuter and resolve, and extract useful informations such as control signal and IP address according to analysis result.The write operation ability that possesses the XML file simultaneously can be designated the XML file with IP request and device descriptive information and measurement data, so that better resolved and obtain by supervisory control comuter.
A kind of distributed networked TT﹠C system of the present invention has following advantage:
1, use the transmission that the XML technology realizes data and log-on message, each data message all identifies by its tag attributes, has improved the reliability and stability of system so to a great extent.Owing to used the XML technology, make things convenient for data on Ethernet, to transmit, by the gateway that the local monitor computer is opened, can be visited by remote computer, break through the restriction of region, really realize remote monitoring.
2, can carry out modularization upgrading to original TT﹠C system, field bus control system, make it support to realize plug and play, save cost based on the XML technology.
3, utilize the XML technology realize the plug-and-play feature of measuring and controlling node make TT﹠C system connection and use more conveniently, and the extensibility of system is good, greatly facilitates the personnel's of installing and using operation, has broken through limitation of traditional techniques.
4, utilize the XML technology to realize that the measuring and controlling node plug-and-play feature can be used as a standard of distributed networked TT﹠C system, the product produced according to this standard of distinct device producer just can be general like this.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the base program flow chart of supervisory control comuter among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the base program flow chart of measuring and controlling node among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the temperature control device connection layout of measuring and controlling node among the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of this distributed measurement and control system, includes industry control bus network 1, supervisory control comuter 2 and several measuring and controlling nodes 3.Supervisory control comuter 2 and measuring and controlling node 3 all have processor and the network interface of oneself, and measuring and controlling node 3-1,3-2,3-3 etc. also comprise concrete control module.The data that supervisory control comuter 2 and measuring and controlling node are 3 exchange with the form of XML.In order to improve the reliability of network, multiple bus network 1 or many supervisory control comuters 2 can be set, backup each other between them.
For realizing that dynamic access or the measuring and controlling node 3 that removes are monitored in real time and managed, the module base program flow chart of supervisory control comuter 2 as shown in Figure 2.The initialization module of supervisory control comuter 2 is realized hardware resource, user interface and database that monitoring is calculated are carried out initialization, and starts corresponding measurement and control program, makes system enter operating state.Main program will generate two circular flow modules after the initialization, i.e. real-time monitoring module and node dynamic management module.Real-time monitoring module is responsible for obtaining in real time, store and showing of observing and controlling information.After the data of transmission all are the XML format on the measurement and control bus network 1, so must resolve the XML data file by data read-write module earlier when real-time monitoring module is received the measurement data of measuring and controlling node 3, the information that parses will comprise nodal information and monitor data.Like this, supervisory control comuter 2 can judge whether to exist unusual according to these information, when will change the abnormality processing module over to and carrying out abnormality processing when unusual appears in nodal information or monitor data.Otherwise will mate the current device tabulation, monitor data be deposited in the designated storage location of the node that matches.Simultaneously, this module can also respond the users' interfaces operation, comprises the information of current list of devices and historical equipment list with the householder interface.The user can switch to the monitoring interface of certain measuring and controlling node in the current device tabulation, show its monitor state in real time or it is sent the observing and controlling instruction, the storage that the user was concerned about can be arrived database simultaneously, the observing and controlling state information will be presented to the user with the form of real time data, realtime graphic and real-time curve; In addition, the user can switch to historical list of devices, checks monitored results wherein.System supports history curve demonstration and report query and printing function, will have the function of playback for image information.The node dynamic management module is responsible for the node that inserts or remove from network is carried out dynamic management.When new node inserted, measuring and controlling node 3 will send the descriptor of this equipment and the XML file of IP request to supervisory control comuter 2 behind device initialize.Whether once supervisory control comuter 2 searches the existence of this equipment in the equipment unique identification in historical list of devices earlier, if existence is then tabulated the information transfer in this device history tabulation to current device in, otherwise will in the current device tabulation, create facility information according to the descriptor of this equipment for it; And then, be this devices allocation independent IP address and communication port according to existing IP address in the current list of devices.Equipment will have been set up with supervisory control comuter 2 and be fixedly coupled like this.When network removes, connection will be interrupted, and at this moment will refresh current list of devices as node 3, and the equipment that loses connection is transferred in the historical list of devices.
In order to realize the plug and play of supervisory control system, the software module base program flow chart of measuring and controlling node 3 as shown in Figure 3.The initialization module of measuring and controlling node 3 carries out initialization to the Network Interface Module and the control module of this measuring and controlling node 3 earlier.This measuring and controlling node 3 just is in the state that sends the IP request to supervisory control comuter 2 always then.After the IP that receives supervisory control comuter 2 distributes, this measuring and controlling node 3 will be reseted this IP addresses of nodes for its IP address allocated by supervisory control comuter 2, enter operating state.Start control module subsequently and begin image data.Owing to after the data of transmission on the industry control bus network 1 all are the XML format,, just do sign to data so before data send through network, must by data read-write module it be formatted as the XML file earlier.Measuring and controlling node 3 also can receive the control command from supervisory control comuter 2 in addition.After receiving control command, also call data read-write module earlier and resolve this control command.At last finish concrete TT﹠C task by control module.
TT﹠C system is also different according to its measuring and controlling node 3 of different TT﹠C tasks, and Fig. 4 is the specific implementation of a simple measuring and controlling node 3-4, and its task is the switch of realizing the measurement of temperature and controlling a relay.Industry control bus 1 is selected the industry control Ethernet for use, and the sensing unit of control module 5 is temperature sensor 6 and relay 7, and observing and controlling interface module 8 is analog input channel and digital quantity output channel.After entering operating state, control module 5 is connected with the CPU module 9 of measuring and controlling node 3-4 by its observing and controlling interface module 8.The analog acquisition passage of CPU module 9 by observing and controlling interface module 8 just can collect the information on this temperature sensor 6, utilizes data read-write module that data are done sign then, delivers to supervisory control comuter 2 with the form of XML; After the CUP of measuring and controlling node 3-4 module is received the switch command of supervisory control comuter 2 by Network Interface Module 10, just can send control signal by the digital channel of observing and controlling interface module 8 by CPU module 9, control the switch motion of this relay 7.The Network Interface Module 10 of measuring and controlling node 3-4 is selected common Ethernet card for use, the running environment of CPU module 9 is WindowsCE operating system, the software programming instrument uses Mircosoft ' s.Net platform, and this operation and programmed environment provide support for the read-write of XML jointly.Just can realize literacy to the XML file by the application programming interfaces (API) that call its XML, the data read-write module of supervisory control comuter 2 and measuring and controlling node 3-4 can realize by this API.The device descriptive information that is about to this node after the measuring and controlling node 3-4 initialization is made the XML file by data read-write module, and its XML file format is as follows:
<？xml?version＝″1.0″encoding＝″GB2312″standalone＝″yes″？>
-＜node device descriptor node state=" IP request " 〉
＜nodename〉temperature measurement-control instrument 001＜/nodename 〉
＜node IP〉192.168.0.2＜/node IP 〉
＜node identification〉00-0a-e4-df＜/node identification 〉
-＜measurement data 〉
＜unit〉degree＜/unit 〉
＜type〉Double＜/type 〉
＜range 〉-20～150＜/range 〉
＜sampling period unit=" ms "〉10＜/sampling period 〉
＜/measurement data 〉
-＜control command 〉
＜data type〉BOOL＜/data type 〉
＜instruction〉close＜/instruction 〉
＜/control command 〉
＜/node device descriptor 〉
The node device descriptor comprises node state, nodename, node IP, node identification, measurement data and control command etc.After supervisory control comuter 2 is received this IP request XML file, thereby just can resolve the facility information that this XML file obtains this node, and set up memory space and distributing IP address for it by data read-write module.The XML file format of the IP request of supervisory control comuter 2 response measuring and controlling node 3-4 is as follows:
<？xml?version＝″1.0″encoding＝″GB2312″standalone＝″yes″？>
-＜monitoring calculation machine feedback information state=" node IP distribution " 〉
＜supervisory control comuter IP〉192.168.0.1＜/supervisory control comuter IP 〉
＜communication port〉5500＜/communication port 〉
＜node IP is distributed〉192.168.0.23＜/the node IP distribution 〉
＜nodename〉temperature measuring device 001＜/nodename 〉
＜node identification〉00-0a-e4-df＜/node identification 〉
-＜control command 〉
＜data type〉BOOL＜/data type 〉
＜instruction〉close＜/instruction 〉
＜/control command 〉
＜/monitoring calculation machine feedback information 〉
It comprises supervisory control comuter feedback information state, supervisory control comuter IP, communication port, node IP distribution, nodename, node identification and control command etc.Data read-write module by measuring and controlling node 3-4 just can obtain supervisory control comuter 2 and be its IP address allocated and control command.Yet according to the difference of bus protocol that is adopted and control module 5, its XML file format is also slightly different.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of distributed network plug-and-play measurement and control system, this system is by the industry control bus network, and supervisory control comuter and several measuring and controlling nodes are formed; It is characterized in that: supervisory control comuter and measuring and controlling node all have processor module and Network Interface Module separately, measuring and controlling node also comprises concrete control module, data between supervisory control comuter and measuring and controlling node exchange with the form of XML (extensible Markup Language) XML, and the network topology structure between supervisory control comuter and measuring and controlling node is a bus-type; Described supervisory control comuter comprises as lower module:
A) initialization module: realize hardware resource, user interface and the database of supervisory control comuter are carried out initialization, start corresponding measurement and control program, make system enter operating state;
B) node dynamic management module: it has safeguarded a current device tabulation and a historical list of devices, and they write down and manage the measuring and controlling node that inserts or remove together; Particularly, when measuring and controlling node inserts, measuring and controlling node will send the device descriptive information and the IP request of this measuring and controlling node to supervisory control comuter after initialization, whether once supervisory control comuter searches the existence of this measuring and controlling node in the equipment unique identification in historical list of devices earlier, if existence is then tabulated the information transfer of this measuring and controlling node in historical list of devices to current device in, otherwise will be that it creates facility information in the current device tabulation according to the device descriptive information of this measuring and controlling node; According to existing IP address in the current device tabulation, be this measuring and controlling node distributing independent IP address and communication port then, measuring and controlling node and supervisory control comuter are set up and are fixedly coupled like this; When network removes, connection will be interrupted as measuring and controlling node, at this moment will refresh the current device tabulation, and the information transfer of the measuring and controlling node that loses connection in historical list of devices;
C) data read-write module: supervisory control comuter possesses the read-write capability of XML file, and by the XML document parser, the XML file that measuring and controlling node is sent to supervisory control comuter is resolved, and extracts useful measuring and control data according to analysis result; Simultaneously control command or IP assignment information are identified with XML;
D) real-time monitoring module: it is responsible for obtaining in real time, store and showing of observing and controlling information, and main interface comprises the information of current device tabulation and historical list of devices; The user can switch to the monitoring interface of certain measuring and controlling node in the current device tabulation, show in real time its monitor state or to its sending controling instruction, simultaneously the storage that the user was concerned about is arrived database, observing and controlling information is presented to the user with the form of real time data, realtime graphic and real-time curve; In addition, the user can switch to historical list of devices, checks monitored results wherein; System supports history curve demonstration and report query and printing function, will have the function of playback for image information; The measurement data that measuring and controlling node sends over will be identified by XML, and supervisory control comuter will call data read-write module measurement data is resolved and obtained, and deposit database in; Simultaneously, the control command that supervisory control comuter sent is also called data read-write module control command is identified with XML;
E) remote monitoring module: be responsible for local formative monitor data of XML and long-distance user and carry out alternately;
F) abnormality processing module: to handling unusually of supervisory control comuter, when unregistered measuring and controlling node is got involved network and on network action arranged, supervisory control comuter will obtain its IP address and send reset signal for this measuring and controlling node; Guarantee that this measuring and controlling node no longer takies the network bandwidth;
Described measuring and controlling node cooperates described supervisory control comuter to realize plug and play, and it comprises as lower module:
A) initialization module: the Network Interface Module of initialization measuring and controlling node and control module, measuring and controlling node after the initialization will be in the state that sends the IP request to supervisory control comuter always, after the IP that receives supervisory control comuter distributes the XML file, this measuring and controlling node will enter operating state according to supervisory control comuter for its IP address allocated this machine IP that resets;
B) control module: form by observing and controlling interface module and sensing unit; The observing and controlling interface module is to connect the CPU module of measuring and controlling node and the passage of sensing unit, is to realize the interface of sensing unit to the CPU module, and sensing unit is then determined jointly by observing and controlling object and TT﹠C task; Different its control modules with TT﹠C task of observing and controlling object are also different;
C) data read-write module: it is by the XML document parser, supervisory control comuter is sent to the control command of measuring and controlling node and the XML file of IP assignment information is resolved, and extract control signal and IP address information according to analysis result; The write operation ability that possesses the XML file simultaneously is designated the XML file with IP request and device descriptive information and measurement data, so that resolved and obtain by supervisory control comuter better.
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