CN100452109C - Method for obtaining everage speed of city road section traffic flow - Google Patents
Method for obtaining everage speed of city road section traffic flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN100452109C CN100452109C CNB2006101172744A CN200610117274A CN100452109C CN 100452109 C CN100452109 C CN 100452109C CN B2006101172744 A CNB2006101172744 A CN B2006101172744A CN 200610117274 A CN200610117274 A CN 200610117274A CN 100452109 C CN100452109 C CN 100452109C
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Abstract
The invention includes steps: (1) establishing corresponding table between number of road junction and name of road section; (2) discriminating and processing error data; (3) obtaining average speed of road section. Average time of travel on road section is equal to sum of average running time and average waiting time. Running length of vehicle is equal to length of road section minus length of vehicle queue at road section under average meaning. Roads are divided into rapid road, main road, secondary road, and branch road. Detecting speed on the spot obtains anticipant speed on different grades of road. Average running time is obtained from average running length of vehicle divided by anticipant speed on different grades of road. Based on M/M/1 theory in queuing theory, the disclosed method obtains average waiting time. Based on length of road, average running time and average waiting time, the method obtains average speed on road. Features are: easy, quick and high reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method in a kind of intelligent transport technology field, specifically is a kind of method for obtaining average speed of traffic flow of urban road sections.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic fast development, transport need increases greatly on the one hand, and the growth of road progressively is tending towards the limit, makes the contradiction of transport need and supply further intensify; The progress at full speed of infotech is that comprehensive transport solution problem has been brought opportunity on the other hand.Be exactly under this background, advanced traffic information management system (ATIMS) has been subjected to paying close attention to widely prior to the other system of intelligent transportation system (ITS), all obtained development fast in countries in the world, be applied to dynamic route planning, dynamic navigation, road network and coordinate various aspects such as traffic signal system, dynamic traffic scheduling.Wherein, average speed of traffic flow of urban road sections is obtained and predict it is key components among the ATIMS.Average speed of traffic flow of urban road sections is obtained in real time relevant with the transport information of predicting He adopted, different transport information has determined diverse ways and the precision obtaining and predict.At present, many correlative studys have been arranged in the world.
Find through literature search prior art, Tong Xiaohua, Chen Jianyang propose the research of road traffic state being obtained based on the probe vehicles of GPS and GIS signal in the article " based on traffic behavior parameter estimation and the realistic model of GIS and GPS " that " Tongji University's journal " delivered on (1604-1607) in 2005, their integrated GIS and GPS technology, under the condition of large sample (vehicle number 5000-50000) and long period (the GPS positional information transmits 2-5min at interval), obtained each highway section traffic speed more accurately.But just as he narrates in article, this kind method seriously relies on the large sample probe vehicles, is difficult to reach so big sample vehicle number under the unsound situation of current traffic measurement environment.In addition, it is independent of traffic operation and management department, needs the input of the huge fund of extra corresponding detecting devices, and this also is one of major reason of promoting of this method of restriction.
At present, a lot of intersection timing system has been arranged in the world, wherein, that the most representative is Australian Sydney SCATS (Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System), SCATS is not succeeded in developing the seventies in last century by New South Wales, Australia road and Department of Communications (RTA), installs and uses in cities such as Sydney successively from 1980.The SCATS system is being moved in nearly in the world at present 50 cities.So-called adaptive control is meant the change information of the magnitude of traffic flow that computing machine provides by wagon detector, adjusts intersection traffic signal control cycle and green time length in real time automatically, and can realize that control is coordinated at the crossing mutually on control area or the traffic major trunk roads.The SCATS system is a kind of city traffic signal lamp adaptive control system, and the information such as traffic lights configuration data that comprise vehicle flow, vehicle dutycycle data, crossing can be provided.Wherein, vehicle flow and vehicle dutycycle data are by being embedded in the detection ring in exit, crossing, and the traffic lights duration at each road traffic crossing depends on vehicle flow and vehicle dutycycle data adaptive ground is adjusted.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned deficiency and actual needs, a kind of new method for obtaining average speed of traffic flow of urban road sections is proposed, the timing data that it utilizes existing traffic timing management system to produce, obtain the average velocity in each bar highway section exactly, and carry out the real-time demonstration of traffic behavior by corresponding traffic geography infosystem.The present invention has overcome traditional needed substantial contribution input and be difficult to obtain big problems such as sample collection when utilizing GPS probe vehicles data to obtain traffic speed, have drop into little, calculating is easy, real-time good, to advantages such as urban infrastructure condition dependence are low.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention is conceived to have the precision height, data volume is big, the stable traffic timing data that self-adaptation traffic system (SCATS) provides are coordinated in Sydney of advantage such as widely distributed in the city scope, in the concrete practice, oriented highway section between two signal lamps in the city road network is considered as a processing unit, comprise vehicle flowrate providing, dutycycle, the SCATS data of traffic lights duration are for obtaining Data Source substantially, the SCATS data of traffic lights in the cycle are carried out the traffic flow modeling on the research highway section, obtain the road-section average speed of traffic flow at this section duration.The present invention is considered as client to arrive vehicle, and the crossing of signal lamp control is considered as information desk.The Poisson distribution of certain intensity is obeyed in the arrival of vehicle, and vehicle is separate by the service time (Generalized Time is included in the crossing wait and passes through the crossing) of crossing, and the negative exponent of obeying certain parameter distributes.Be core with the waiting line theory then, be aided with traffic engineering and gain knowledge, draw one and be suitable for the signal lamp control algorithm of Link Travel Time (can directly release road-section average speed thus) down.Show as the traffic congestion state of index the highway section.The average velocity in highway section is divided into five speed class in the road network, and corresponding respectively unobstructed, more unobstructed, obstructed, the five kinds of congestion in road states that block up, seriously block up are realized the traffic flow modes in research highway section is shown in real time.
The inventive method comprises following step:
The first, set up numbering-highway section, crossing name corresponding tables:
Being used for the Data Source that speed obtains is the timing data that are used for the traffic lights timing system of intersection, in this system, the intersection of each bar urban road is to represent with the mode of numbering, in velocity acquiring method, the processing highway section of each bar minimum is to represent with the highway section name above the traffic geography infosystem, and this just need set up the corresponding tables of corresponding crossing numbering and highway section title.In general method for expressing, it is unique definite by two intersections that each bar calculates the highway section name, and each intersection is determined by the two road title is unique, SCATS crossing numbering and highway section title are being carried out at once, only need the two road title of crossing numbering and this crossing correspondence is mapped one by one, just can set up corresponding crossing-the obtain corresponding tables in highway section.
The second, the differentiation of misdata and processing:
The basis source of timing is rely in the inductive coil that is embedded in each stop line back, intersection in road timing system, inductive coil damages unavoidably under heavy traffic load and loss and needs repairing, during damaging, the monitoring ring vehicle flowrate data that the timing system obtains are exactly wrong data, therefore need this part data is differentiated accordingly and handled in the process that speed is obtained.The method of discrimination that the present invention adopts is exactly the detection data when watching this detection ring green light, if when finding that these detection data keep a constant, show that this detection ring damages, these data are rejected when obtaining carrying out speed, and on traffic GIS, shown with corresponding color.
Three, road-section average speed is obtained:
Vehicle comprises two parts from the stop line at last crossing to the driving process the stop line of next crossing: a part is the part of travelling, another part is to wait in line signal and the part by signal lamp, and average highway section running time is average enforcement time and average latency sum.The method that adopts road section length to deduct intersection vehicle queue length under the average meaning obtains vehicle ' length, urban road is divided into through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road and branch road, obtain the desired speed of different categories of roads by the way that detects on the spot, just can obtain average running time divided by the desired speed of category of roads by the average road length of vehicle.According to the theory of waiting line theory M/M/1, can obtain the average latency.For the oriented highway section of unit, on the basis of the mathematic(al) representation of its velocity distribution surface model, make that time variable is a normal value t among the time period T
0, obtain t constantly
0The oriented highway section of this unit is along the velocity distribution curve on the road direction.This velocity distribution curve in the road direction upper integral, is obtained t
0The average velocity of the moment this unit oriented highway section road direction.The calculating of road-section average speed is carried out in each oriented highway section in the road network one by one, obtained t
0The average velocity of each oriented highway section road direction in the moment city road network.
Four, handle hypersaturated state
When flow near in addition when surpassing the service ability of crossing, the value of average latency will trend towards infinity, this can cause the serious distortion of obtaining the result.Solution of the present invention is a threshold value is set makes it smaller or equal to a traffic lights phase place duration for the average latency.Prescribe a time limit greater than last when the average latency, just it is considered as congestion status.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has overcome in the general method for obtaining average speed of traffic flow the serious dependence to traffic detection car quantity effectively, it is perfect inadequately to have avoided general urban transportation detection means, the problem that reliability is low, it is easy to have calculating, fast operation, the reliability advantages of higher is for the control of entire city traffic provides information material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of the method for obtaining average speed of traffic flow of urban road sections of the present invention's proposition.
Fig. 2 is a road junction detecting device distribution schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the situation of change synoptic diagram of the 24 hours crossing traffic capacitys in certain highway section.
Fig. 4 highway section 24 hourly average velocity variations.
The Shanghai City traffic network traffic flow modes GIS synoptic diagram of Fig. 5 for adopting this programme to obtain.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
The desired input data of present embodiment are to collect data such as vehicle flowrate, traffic lights duration in real time by the magnetic test coil that is installed in each main traffic signals crossing SCATS system that the Shanghai City outer shroud provides with interior SCATS system.
Shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment average speed of traffic flow of urban road sections obtains scheme, and concrete implementation step is as follows:
1, sets up numbering-highway section, crossing name corresponding tables
At first by the SCATS system obtain each right-angled intersection of urban road numbering with and corresponding detection ring arrangement plan (as Fig. 2), determine pairing 2 intersections, each bar highway section of urban road numbering according to this detection ring arrangement plan, each intersection is determined by two road are unique, need 4 link name when therefore setting up numbering-highway section, corresponding crossing name corresponding tables for each bar road, 2 crossroad crossing numberings, a highway section name, detection ring number and a traffic lights phase place, concrete exemplifying embodiment is as follows:
Number 1 tunnel name, 1 tunnel name, 2 detection rings number red green phase bit number 2 tunnel names 2 tunnel names 4
Cao Xi road, 9 A, 378 healthy road, Cao Xi road, 379 GuanShengYuan road
7 A, 377 mortise boccaccio Cao Xi roads, Cao Xi road, 378 healthy road
Cao Xi road, East Road, 11 A, 311 Tianlin County, 377 mortise boccaccio Cao Xi road
East Road, 311 Tianlin County Cao Xi road 8 A, in 309 Lu Cao small stream North Road, Shanxi
…….
2, the differentiation of misdata and processing:
The information acquisition of SCATS system is minimal processing unit with the detection ring.A general road comprises the both direction road, and each direction road comprises many tracks.Detection ring generally is positioned at the position of downstream, track near signal lamp.Need read in data for static and dynamic: static data comprises: dynamic datas such as road section length, category of roads, free velocity comprise: signal information configuration and timing information and flow duty cycle information that the SCATS system provides.Yet in use, because hardware itself or heavy traffic load, some detection ring damages, and can not provide or provide the wrong relevant detection data of wanting required for the present invention.The present invention has a misdata to differentiate and processing module before reading of data, by certain single detection ring data value in a certain period in the database is judged, if this numerical value keeps a normal value, the then operation of cessation speed acquisition module, and the highway section of on the traffic geography infosystem checkout equipment being damaged with corresponding color identifies.
3, road average velocity obtains
With vehicle from the stop line at last crossing to the driving process separated into two parts the stop line of next crossing: a part is the part of travelling, another part is to wait in line signal and the part by signal lamp, and average highway section running time is average enforcement time and average latency sum.The method that adopts road section length to deduct intersection vehicle queue length under the average meaning obtains vehicle ' length; Urban road is divided into through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road and branch road, obtains the desired speed of different categories of roads on the spot, obtain average running time divided by the desired speed of category of roads by the average road length of vehicle by the way that detects; According to the theory of waiting line theory M/M/1, obtain the average latency; Obtain road average velocity according to link length, average running time and average latency at last.Fig. 3 is the situation of change of the 24 hours crossing traffic capacitys in certain highway section and vehicle arrival rate; Fig. 4 is certain highway section 24 hourly average velocity variations situation.
4, handle hypersaturated state
When obtaining average velocity, if flow near in addition when surpassing the service ability of crossing, the value of average latency will trend towards infinity, and handling the state of saturation module is a threshold value to be set the average latency make it smaller or equal to a traffic lights phase place duration.When the average latency greater than on this in limited time, just it is considered as congestion status.
5, the traffic geography infosystem shows the congestion in road state
Average velocity with each oriented highway section road direction in the city road network is that index is carried out the demonstration of congestion in road state.According to the different travel directions of vehicle on road,, obtain average speed uplink, the downstream rate of road with the velocity information classification of vehicle.Dynamically be shown on the GIS map, as shown in Figure 5, urban traffic information system is distinguished the road network average travel speed with different colors according to following table and is shown.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of method for obtaining average speed of traffic flow of urban road sections is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) sets up numbering-highway section, crossing name corresponding tables: utilize two unique definite each bars in intersection to calculate highway section name, unique definite each intersection of two road title, carry out correspondence by SCATS crossing numbering and highway section title, the two road title of crossing numbering and this crossing correspondence is corresponding one by one, set up corresponding crossing-the obtain corresponding tables in highway section;
2) differentiation of misdata and processing: watch road timing system database, detection data when retrieving each detection ring green light, if detecting data, certain detection ring keeps a normal value, show that this detection ring damages, carrying out to detect the data rejecting when speed is obtained, and on the traffic geography infosystem, showing with corresponding color;
3) road-section average speed is obtained: with vehicle from the stop line at last crossing to the driving process separated into two parts the stop line of next crossing: a part is the part of travelling, another part is to wait in line signal and the part by signal lamp, average highway section running time is average enforcement time and average latency sum, and the method that adopts road section length to deduct intersection vehicle queue length under the average meaning obtains the average road length of vehicle; Urban road is divided into through street, trunk roads, secondary distributor road and branch road, obtains the desired speed of different categories of roads on the spot, obtain average running time divided by the desired speed of category of roads by the average road length of vehicle by the way that detects; According to the theory of waiting line theory M/M/1, obtain the average latency; Obtain road average velocity according to link length, average running time and average latency at last.
2, method for obtaining average speed of traffic flow of urban road sections according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, for the average latency is provided with a threshold value and makes it smaller or equal to a traffic lights phase place duration, when the average latency greater than last in limited time, just it is considered as congestion status.
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