CN100451609C - Interference evanescent wave chemical and biological sensor and system with fibre-optical Michelson - Google Patents
Interference evanescent wave chemical and biological sensor and system with fibre-optical Michelson Download PDFInfo
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- CN100451609C CN100451609C CNB2005100571507A CN200510057150A CN100451609C CN 100451609 C CN100451609 C CN 100451609C CN B2005100571507 A CNB2005100571507 A CN B2005100571507A CN 200510057150 A CN200510057150 A CN 200510057150A CN 100451609 C CN100451609 C CN 100451609C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an optical fibre micro Michelson interaction evanescent wave chemical and biological sensor and a system. The sensor is a Michelson interferometer formed by a long period optical fiber grating on an optical fibre, a reflecting film on the cut surface of the optical fibre, an optical fiber cladding and an optical fibre core; an optical fibre evanescent wave chemical and biological sensor is formed on the basis of the interferometer. The sensor integrates functional devices and optical paths required by the Michelson interferometer and a chemical or biomolecule sensitive film on a section of the optical fibre; the entire sensor is completely fibrillated and miniaturized with a small volume. A sensing system is composed of a broadband light source, an optical fibre, the optical fibre micro Michelson interaction evanescent wave chemical and biological sensor, a broadband coupler, an optical fibre spectrometer and a computer. The system can be on the basis of optical fiber link to realize remote measurement, and the system has the advantages of simple structure, no influence of stray light and stable and reliable test result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fibre Optical Sensor, biology and technical field of chemistry, be specifically related to the little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of a kind of optical fiber and biology sensor and system thereof.
Background technology
Chemical optical fibre and biology sensor are a kind of novel sensing technologies that just was born 1970 mid-nineties 90s, this kind sensor is with the indication that chemical constitution or biomolecule is had identification and the transduction dyestuff that helps, enzyme, coenzyme, biological acceptor, antigen, antibody, nucleic acid, DNA, animal vegetable tissue or cell, microorganism, the sensitive membrane of macromolecular material etc., molten gel or itself absorption, solidify or be installed in optical fiber, planar optical waveguide, on the capillary waveguide, test substance in the sample is optionally discerned, convert various optical informations again to, as ultraviolet. as seen reach the absorption of infrared light, reflection, fluorescence, phosphorescence, chemiluminescence and bioluminescence, Raman scattering, the output of signal such as optoacoustic and surface plasma body resonant vibration, thus chemistry and biological information obtained.In most of sensors, optical fiber plays the transmitting effect of light, also has operative sensor to be based on measured matter directly to influence the variation of the waveguide character of optical fiber such as tension force, refractive index etc. to carry out chemistry and bio-sensing.
The principal feature of chemical optical fibre and biology sensor is: (1) has very high transport information capacity, can reflect the multidimensional information of multi-component simultaneously, reaches the monitoring of particular analysis object in the complex mixture.For electric transducer and sonic transducer, this is too far behind to catch up.(2) optical wavelength that may diminish to its propagation of the fibre-optical probe diameter of sensor belongs to the same order of magnitude (nanometer is to micron order), and small like this sensing head is convenient to the microminiaturization of analytical equipment, and sensor is light and handy, inexpensive, durable.(3) transducing signal is a light signal, do not have between optical fiber and chemical constitution or the biological sample and directly electrically contact, do not influence the electrical property of biology self, compare safety, can directly insert in biological tissue, blood vessel, the cell etc. and detect, be particularly suited for real-time continuous analyzing and testing in biology or human body live body or the body.(4) no electromagnetic interference (EMI), noise is low, and electrical isolation can be used for inflammable and explosive occasion.(5) chemistry of optical fiber and Heat stability is good can be suitable for most of chemistry and coenocorrelation; Simultaneously, optical fiber is nontoxic, does not produce waste gas and waste liquid during work, does not need high-voltage great-current, does not produce electromagnetic radiation, and noiseless is especially suitable to environmental protection and biomedicine.(6) Fibre Optical Sensor has interior reference effect, has avoided the trouble of using outer reference and liquid junction potential to bring, and has made measured signal more reliable and more stable.(7) optical fiber has and is only second to long-distance transmissions ability superconductor, low-yield loss, can realize remote remote measurement.
According to the effect of optical fiber in the light sensing, chemical optical fibre and biology sensor can be divided into two classes, one class is at fiber end face curing chemistry or the responsive rete of biomolecule, optical fiber is as just transmission medium, light in the optical fiber arrive behind the end face with responsive rete in chemistry or biomolecule action, chemistry or biomolecule absorption portion luminous energy or absorb luminous energy after emitting fluorescence.Obtain the information of chemistry or biomolecule by detecting absorption light intensity or emitted fluorescence intensity.Second class is covering to be eroded stay a bit of fibre core, curing chemistry or bio-sensing rete on the fibre core after being corroded, generation total reflection when the light transmission in the fibre core arrives sensing head, and then generation evanescent wave.Evanescent wave passes fibre core and arrives responsive rete, by chemical constitution or biomolecule absorption or generation fluorescence, tests chemistry or biological information by the absorption or the fluorescence intensity of measuring light.Having corroded on the fibre core evanescent wave basis behind the fibre cladding, plate layer of metal film again, can form optical fiber plasma resonance chemistry and biology sensor.
The Fibre Optical Sensor close with the application's patent is the evanescent wave optical fiber optical biosensor.Its ultimate principle is a total reflection evanescent wave theory.Promptly when a branch of light enters optical fiber with suitable angle, its can be propagated in fiber cores in the total reflection mode, produces a kind of ripple that traverses fiber cores, spreads out of fiber cores at the intersection of fiber cores and other medium and also finally returns fibre core.This wave intensity decays fast with the propagation distance of leaving the fibre core interface, is referred to as evanescent wave.Evanescent wave optical fiber biosensor is exactly that the multimode optical fiber covering that fibre core is bigger grinds or erodes, and a bit of fibre core is exposed, again the fiber cores surface cure last layer bio-sensitive film (optical fiber probe) that is exposing; In the analyzed biomolecule solution fluorescent dye is arranged, utilize evanescent wave character, when evanescent wave passes sensitive membrane, fluorescence excitation dyed the generation fluorescence signal or caused turning back to light intensity in the fiber cores, phase place, frequency and change from evanescent wave.Measure these and change, can obtain the information of biomolecule on the bio-sensitive film, realize bio-sensing.
Has only wavelength magnitude (sub-micrometer scale) owing to be penetrated into the evanescent wave depth of field of biomolecule to be measured, be incorporated into the fluorescence that the fluorescent dye in the scope of evanescent wave field sends so biologic sensor for fast travelling waves of optical fibre can only detect, and free fluorescent dye there is not contribution to measurement result in the solution.Therefore, compare with other biological detection means, biologic sensor for fast travelling waves of optical fibre has following advantage: (1) is highly sensitive, and biologic specificity is strong, is not subjected to the interference of evanescent wave field, fibre core surface biomolecule in addition; (2) simple to operate, measuring speed is fast, and the time is short, can need not optical fiber is taken out from detected solution and cleans; (3) can carry out the scene to the dynamic process of biological respinse and detect, all can carry out fluoroscopic examination in evanescent wave and the sensitive materials course of reaction or after finishing; (4) complete machine Miniaturizable, other biological sensing system can be done very for a short time based on the biological sensing system of evanescent wave relatively; (5) be fit to microcell and surface analysis, and the test of the on-line continuous of bio-molecular interaction or course of reaction, also can carry out analysis of the molecular structure.
At present, there is Shanghai optical precision optical machinery research institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the unit of the biology sensor that domestic research is relevant with fast travelling waves of optical fibre.It and Military Medical Science Institute's cooperation research and development the fast travelling waves of optical fibre biological sensing system, applied for national patent.The designed optical fiber sensor head of this patent is optical fiber one end at the about 1mm of diameter, removes covering by chemical corrosion method, stays fibre core, and at the surface cure biomolecule selectivity recognition material of fibre core, the about 30～50cm of optical fiber sensor head is long.Its realization system is with in the light scioptics system of light source and the semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens coupled into optical fibres, and light is through arriving the responsive part of optical fiber sensor head behind several centimetres the light path.Total reflection takes place at the fibre core of sensing head and the interface place of biomolecule sensitive materials in light.Because the evanescent wave effect of light total reflection, light will enter biomolecule sensitive materials layer through the interface, and the fluorescence excitation dyestuff produces the lower fluorescence of the longer energy of wavelength.Fluorescence enters fibre core again, and part fluorescence is got back to the incident end, and other has part fluorescence through the catoptron of end face also reflected back incident end.The fluorescence of reflected back enters photomultiplier through semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens and focusing system, and the signal of photomultiplier enters computer system after amplification, shaping processing and digital conversion, obtain fluorescence intensity level.Biomolecule concentration becomes positive correlation with the fluorescence intensity that is excited, and promptly biomolecule is many more, and the fluorescence intensity that is excited is just big more.This relation generally is a nonlinear relationship, by experiment data linearization process and determining.Data according to experimental formula that obtains or demarcation are carried out analytical calculation to fluorescence data, thereby obtain the information of biomolecule.
At present, also there is a lot of shortcoming and defect in the fast travelling waves of optical fibre chemistry with biology sensor, mainly contain: the making of (1) sensing head is more loaded down with trivial details and very difficult: optical fiber sensor head need be removed covering by chemical corrosion or abrasion method, and the removal position or the size of covering are difficult to accurate control; In addition, behind chemical corrosion or the abrasion covering, be difficult to obtain level and smooth fibre core optical surface, coarse interface can occur, thereby influence total reflection characteristic or other optical property of light at the interface place.(2) measuring accuracy is lower: because employing is monochromatic light road strength measurement method, the fluctuation of light source, light path and Circuits System and interference are very big to the influence of sensor-based system, as the instability of driving circuit, the aging or drift of light source, the bending of optical fiber, the fluctuation variation of light path environment, the drift and the unstable reliability and the accuracy that all can reduce measurement data of detection system.This influence is to be difficult to eliminate and inevitably, influenced analysis precision and reliability in the intensity detection system of existing monochromatic light road.Simultaneously, the resolution that simple strength measurement method can arrive also is low-down, is difficult to realize that more high-precision biomolecule is measured and analysis.(3) influence of parasitic light or other interference is big: the outer veiling glare of fiber cores also can fluorescence excitation, and this fluorescence also can enter fiber cores and detector.When extraneous parasitic light changed, the fluorescence signal that detector is obtained changed, thereby influences detection accuracy.(4) data do not have fault-tolerant ability: the existing obtainable fluorescence information of method mainly contains intensity and time, and is simple data, does not have redundant information, and the data message amount is few.Analysis result only depends on the single data of being obtained.When bigger interference and mistake appear in one that gathers or one group of data, can have a strong impact on test or precision of analysis.Therefore this method does not have fault-tolerant ability.(5) no remote measurement ability: the used optical fiber of this method and system thereof is the multimode optical fiber of external diameter 1mm, its modal loss is very big, the optical fiber external diameter is bigger, can not be crooked, optical fiber of no use is as transmission medium, being difficult to the long-distance transmissions light signal, only is to have utilized the optical fiber of a bit of (about tens centimetres) as sensing head, is difficult to make full use of the superiority of optical fiber.(6) system architecture complexity: this sensor-based system does not adopt the microminiaturization and the fiberize technology of contemporary optics, but has adopted conventional optical component to come construction system.Light source adopts separate optical element and conventional semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens to be coupled to optical fiber, and complex structure is and huge, and the aligning debugging is difficulty very, and the influence that disturbed by extraneous vibration is very big.In addition, detector adopts the photomultiplier of strength sensitive.This detection system needs high pressure voltage divider system and cooling system, and the temperature drift of signal is bigger; Variation to parasitic light is very responsive, needs the light shield system; Stability and anti-jamming capacity to signal processing system requires very high simultaneously.The photodetection and the disposal system structure that reach this requirement are very complicated, and very huge.
These are not enough and defective remains new technology and method and overcome or improve, and this good chemistry and biosensor technique are applied better.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is at the prior art above shortcomings, the little Michelson of a kind of optical fiber (Michelson) interference evanescent wave chemical and biology sensor and system thereof are provided, the responsive rete of all devices, light path, chemical constitution or biomolecule that the Michelson interferometer is needed all is integrated on the optical fiber of one section about 125 μ m of external diameter, make the complete fiberize of whole sensor, improve accuracy of detection and sensitivity, make simply, volume is little; Sensor-based system can be realized remote measurement based on optical fiber link, and is simple in structure, is not subjected to the influence of parasitic light, and test result is reliable and stable.
For realizing the object of the invention, adopted following technical scheme:
Little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of this optical fiber and biology sensor are that with a long period fiber grating, as coupling mechanism, the coupling efficiency of the resonance central wavelength of this long period fiber grating is 2-10dB on an optical fiber; A smooth section is being arranged on the optical fiber of the about 2-35cm distance of this long period fiber grating, reflectance coating (as the metal silverskin) is being arranged on this section, to form two micro-reflectors; Optical fiber between this long period fiber grating and fiber cut face has the fibre cladding outside fiber cores and the fiber cores, with the fibre cladding of this section optical fiber and fiber cores as two light paths; By the reflectance coating on the long period fiber grating on this optical fiber, the fiber cut face and between fibre cladding, fiber cores constitute a Michelson interferometer.In this optical fibre Michelson interferometer, between long period fiber grating and the section whole section or segment section optical fiber have only fiber cores and fibre cladding, have been removed the outer protective finish of fibre cladding, as the sensitive segment of sensor; Have only the total length of this part optical fiber of fiber cores and fibre cladding to be about 2-35cm.So just be that the basis has constituted this evanescent wave chemical and biology sensor with the optical fibre Michelson interferometer.
Further, in order to improve selectivity (specificity) and the sensitivity of sensor to particular chemical composition or biomolecule, also can on the fibre cladding of this part optical fiber that has only fiber cores and fibre cladding, solidify one deck has selectivity characrerisitic to biomolecule or chemical constitution absorption or responsive rete, the thickness of this absorption or responsive rete is greater than 3nm, and the refractive index of absorption or responsive rete is less than the refractive index of fibre cladding.About 125～1000 microns of the whole external diameter of this sensor.
The sensing principle of this sensor is to utilize the fibre cladding light in the optical fibre Michelson interferometer to wait sensing chemistry or biological information at the interface total reflection, evanescent wave and interference of light characteristic: when the light that transmits in (1) fiber core arrives long period fiber grating, part light continues to transmit in fibre core, and another part light is coupled in the fibre cladding and transmits.(2) fibre cladding light is in the total reflection of generation at the interface of covering and responsive rete and produce evanescent wave, its evanescent wave passes this interface and enters chemistry and the responsive rete of biomolecule or a tiny area of its gas or its solution, and acts on biomolecule or chemical constitution.(3) in the mechanism of evanescent wave, the refractive index of the outer responsive rete of the concentration affects fibre cladding of chemical constitution or biomolecule or solution or gas, thereby the energy absorption and the phase place of change evanescent wave.(4) phase place and the energy evanescent wave that taken place to change returns fibre cladding again, produces total reflection and evanescent wave at other point, and continues to be subjected to the influence of chemical constitution or biomolecule concentration.When arriving the reflectance coating of optical fiber connector section, the light in fibre cladding and the fiber cores is reflected back optical fiber covering and fiber cores transmission respectively.(5) the fibre cladding light of reflected back continues total reflection of generation at the interface and the evanescent wave at fibre cladding and responsive rete, and is subjected to the influence of extraneous chemical constitution or biomolecule; Partly be coupled in the fiber cores again when arriving long period fiber grating once more and gone, interfered with part combiner that in fiber cores, transmits and generation always.(6) in producing the two-beam of interfering, the light in the fiber cores is not subjected to the influence of extraneous chemistry or biomolecule, and fibre cladding light is subjected to the influence of extraneous chemistry or biomolecule concentration, and the variation relation between them is determined.This variation will show in the variation of interferometric fringe signal.By measuring the variation of interference fringe parameter, just can measure the quantity of chemical constitution concentration or biomolecule, realize chemistry and bio-sensing.
Utilize this sensor can form such sensor-based system: it comprises wideband light source, optical fiber, the little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of optical fiber and biology sensor, wide-band coupler, fiber spectrometer and computing machine.Wherein, wideband light source is connected with an input end of wide-band coupler by optical fiber, and an output terminal of wide-band coupler is connected with biology sensor with the little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of this optical fiber by optical fiber; Little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of optical fiber and biology sensor place tested gas, chemical constitution or biomolecule solution, interference light signal in the sensor turns back to wide-band coupler through optical fiber, be coupled to another input end of wide-band coupler, this input end of wide-band coupler is connected with fiber spectrometer by optical fiber; Fiber spectrometer is connected with computing machine by data-interface (as USB or RS232 or GPIB etc.), and computing machine obtains and show the concentration information of tested chemical constitution or biomolecule from the interference signal spectroscopic data that obtains.
The interference light signal data that obtained by above-mentioned sensor-based system have multiple information parameter and distribution thereof, as amplitude, additive phase, interference fringe and distribution thereof etc., all can carry out analytical calculation by computing machine.It is different that these different informations parameter are subjected to the influence of biomolecule or chemical constitution, has different response forms and relevance, is multidimensional information, can measure chemical constitution or biomolecule with any one-dimension information wherein.In data acquisition, transmission and processing procedure, the lost part data still can correctly obtain measurement result, and sensor-based system has certain fault-tolerant ability.
The present invention has following advantage:
Some distinct advantages that this sensor and system have are, (1) structure of the present invention is ingenious, utilize the reflectance coating on the fibre cladding of a long period fiber grating on the optical fiber, ordinary optic fibre and fiber cores, the optical fiber art end-grain cutting section, not additional other non-optical fibre device has just been realized optical fibre Michelson interferometer.In appearance, this interferometer only is one section ordinary optic fibre, uses the total reflection of fibre cladding light in this interferometer and the sensing that evanescent wave is realized chemistry and biomolecule.The complete fiberize of whole sensor, structure miniization, volume is little.This also is the maximum innovative point of this sensor.(2) this sensor-based system is not subjected to the influence of parasitic light.What sensor-based system obtained is the interference light signal of fibre cladding and fiber cores.Light in the fiber cores is not subjected to stray light, and parasitic light and the light in the fiber cores in the fibre cladding do not satisfy coherent condition, do not influence the result of calculation of interference light signal, and system stability is reliable.(3) the fabricating quality controllability of this sensor is good.This sensor does not need corrosion or abrasion fibre cladding, and each step of its manufacturing process all is accurately controlled.(4) this sensor-based system can be realized remote measurement based on optical fiber link, and system's assembling and formation thereof are simple, have simplified the debugging of system, the reliability height of system.(5) this sensor-based system can obtain multidimensional data and information, has certain fault-tolerant ability.(6) same sensor or its system can analyze multiple different biomolecule or chemical constitution.Same long period fiber grating has a plurality of coupling resonance wavelength, the light at the different wave length place that can be coupled.Therefore, select the parameter of suitable light source, fiber spectrometer, computing machine and long period fiber grating, can test multiple different biomolecule or chemical constitution.(7) measuring accuracy and highly sensitive.The MZ interference evanescent wave sensor of the remolding sensitivity integrated optical fiber microstructure of this sensor doubles; Fibre cladding and responsive rete or extraneous interface are level and smooth optical interfaces, and sensor noise disturbs little, the sensing accuracy height.
In a word, this sensor and system architecture uniqueness thereof, full fiberize, on one section ordinary optic fibre, realized a complete Michelson interferometer, use total reflection, evanescent wave and the interference capability of this interferometer or the responsive rete on it, fibre cladding, realize the measurement of chemical constitution or biomolecule concentration, sensitivity and precision height, good reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of optical fiber and biology sensor;
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of optical fiber and biological sensing system;
Fig. 3 is the interference signal spectrogram that computing machine obtains in the sensor-based system that relates to of patent of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below with measurement gas propane (C
3H
3) concentration be example, the enforcement of furthermore bright in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the sensor and sensor-based system, the implementation method of measuring biomolecule in other gas or the solution and chemical constitution similarly, difference is just solidified different chemistry of one deck or the responsive rete of biomolecule at the fibre cladding of sensing section optical fiber.One of spectral absorption peak of propane molecule is at the 1680nm place, the about 10～20nm of bandwidth.
Referring to Fig. 1, the structure of this sensor comprises that the absorption of optical fiber coating 1, fibre cladding 2, fiber core 3, long period fiber grating LPFG 4, chemical constitution or biomolecule or responsive rete 5, reflectance coating 6, protective sleeve 7, end are solidified glue 8, solidified glue 9, transition buffer cover 10.Its method for making is: (1) is with a segment protect coating removal of an ordinary optic fibre (fiber optic materials is quartz or plastics, the about 9 μ m of its optical fiber core diameter, fibre cladding diameter 125 μ m).(2) remove this section optical fiber surface of plastic protective coating with the laser instrument of the about 240nm of wavelength and long period fiber grating mask plate (cycle of mask plate decides according to necessary wavelength) irradiation, write the about 17nm of bandwidth, resonance centre wavelength is long period fiber grating (the also available CO of 1680nm, the about 4dB of coupling efficiency
2Laser instrument writes long period fiber grating).(3) from the about 25cm of the long period fiber grating that has write place, cut off optical fiber and guarantee that section is neatly smooth.(4) in long period fiber grating between the section, and the fibre cladding exposed part of long period fiber grating position all is coated with and applies plastic protective coating.(5) cleaning optical fiber section plates the metal silverskin of thickness greater than 1 μ m, as micro-reflector on the fiber cut face.(6) on the optical fiber between long period fiber grating and the fiber cut face, remove the plastic protective coating of the about 23cm of a segment length, and clean the exposed fibre cladding of this section; On the exposed fibre cladding of this section, curing has optionally responsive rete to the gaseous propane molecule, also can not solidify this sensitivity rete again.(7) will make long period fiber grating, fibre cladding, reflectance coating and (or) this section optical fiber of the responsive rete of propane molecule etc. is with solidifying the gluing inwall that is attached to a porose protective sleeve, solidifies the both ends of the close protective sleeve in position of glue.(8) at the optical fiber exit of protective sleeve, load onto a plastics transition buffer cover, fractureed to avoid optical fiber, can make and finish.This protective sleeve can infiltration gas propane, and propane is contacted with the fibre cladding or the sensitive membrane of sensor.This protective sleeve also can, directly this sensor is placed in the propane gas, also can realize sensing.
The formation of this sensor-based system as shown in Figure 2, the wideband light source A of centre wavelength 1680nm, the about 50nm of bandwidth links to each other with one 2 * 2 wide-band coupler C through optical fiber B1, wide-band coupler C is connected with biology sensor D with this chemistry shown in Figure 1 by one section optical fiber B2, and sensor D is placed in the propane gas.In sensor, long period fiber grating LPFG couples light near the part the 1680nm in the fibre cladding and goes, another part light transmits in fiber cores, and the light of fibre cladding and fiber cores is distinguished reflected back optical fiber covering and fiber cores at the reflectance coating place of fiber cut face; Fibre cladding light is at the evanescent wave of generation at the interface of fibre cladding, and is subjected to the influence of extraneous propane gas concentration; The part fibre cladding light of reflected back and fiber cores light are coupled, close bundle again and produces interferes at the long period fiber grating place.Wide-band coupler C is connected with high-precision fiber spectrometer E by optical fiber B3 again, and fiber spectrometer E links to each other with computing machine F by data-interface GPIB.The wavelength resolution of fiber spectrometer E is 1pm, can survey minimum amplitude to be-65dBm.Computing machine F obtains and handles the interference signal spectroscopic data from fiber spectrometer E, thereby calculates and demonstrate the measured value of propane gas concentration.The interference signal spectroscopic data that computing machine obtains as shown in Figure 3.Its measurements and calculations process is the sensitivity coefficient of first calibration sensor to propane gas concentration, tests the concentration of propane gas then.During test, this sensor is placed in the tested propane gas, and the computing machine in the sensor-based system obtains the interference signal spectroscopic data, and calculates the concentration of tested propane gas according to the sensitivity coefficient of demarcating, thereby realizes the sensing of propane gas.
In the present embodiment, the spacing of the interference signal spectrum striped that sensor produces is 1.344nm, sensor-based system to the resolution of propane gas concentration less than 0.1%.If when measuring with the additive phase method, sensor-based system also can improve about order of magnitude to the resolution of propane gas concentration.
Claims (3)
1, little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of optical fiber and biology sensor, it is characterized in that: it has a long period fiber grating on an optical fiber, at optical fiber connector smooth section is arranged from this long period fiber grating one segment distance, on this section reflectance coating is arranged, the optical fiber between this long period fiber grating and fiber cut face has the fibre cladding outside fiber cores and the fiber cores; By the reflectance coating on this long period fiber grating, the fiber cut face and between fibre cladding and fiber cores constituted a Michelson interferometer; Between long period fiber grating and the section whole section or segment section optical fiber have only fiber cores and fibre cladding; On the fibre cladding of this part optical fiber that has only fiber cores and fibre cladding, be solidified with tested chemical constitution or biomolecule are had optionally absorption or responsive rete; Outside this section optical fiber, be with a protective sleeve, aperture is arranged on the protective sleeve, having the glue of curing to connect this sensor fiber and protective sleeve near the both ends of protective sleeve, a transition buffer cover is arranged at the optical fiber exit of protective sleeve.
2, little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of optical fiber according to claim 1 and biology sensor, it is characterized in that: between long period fiber grating and the section apart from 2-35cm, the total length that has only this part optical fiber of fiber cores and fibre cladding is 2-35cm; The thickness of described absorption or responsive rete is greater than 3nm, and its refractive index is less than the refractive index of fibre cladding.
3, the sensor-based system that is formed by the described sensor of claim 1 is characterized in that: it comprises wideband light source, optical fiber, the little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of optical fiber and biology sensor, wide-band coupler, fiber spectrometer and computing machine; Wherein, wideband light source is connected with an input end of wide-band coupler by optical fiber, an output terminal of wide-band coupler is connected with biology sensor with the little Michelson interference evanescent wave chemical of optical fiber by optical fiber, another input end of wide-band coupler is connected with fiber spectrometer by optical fiber, fiber spectrometer is connected with computing machine by data-interface, and this sensor is placed in tested gas, biomolecule or the chemical constitution solution.
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| CN100557416C (en) * | 2006-12-26 | 2009-11-04 | 重庆工学院 | Minisize multiplexing interfering biomolecule effect sensing method and probe |
| CN102183506B (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2012-08-15 | 上海大学 | Trace material detection device based on surface enhanced Raman scattering optical fiber probe |
| CN103954590A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-30 | 电子科技大学 | Micro optical fiber gas sensor covered by adopting graphene |
| CN105758567B (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2019-05-24 | 吉林大学 | The optical fiber interference type pressure sensor for multiplying 3 couplers based on 3 |
| CN112577918A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-30 | 四川泛华航空仪表电器有限公司 | Optical fiber sensor simulation method based on evanescent wave principle |
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| CN1712930A (en) | 2005-12-28 |
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