CN100451496C - Refrigerant distributor of compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator - Google Patents

Refrigerant distributor of compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100451496C
CN100451496C CNB2007100404645A CN200710040464A CN100451496C CN 100451496 C CN100451496 C CN 100451496C CN B2007100404645 A CNB2007100404645 A CN B2007100404645A CN 200710040464 A CN200710040464 A CN 200710040464A CN 100451496 C CN100451496 C CN 100451496C
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China
Prior art keywords
producing medium
cold
refrigerant
distributor
longitudinal stretching
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB2007100404645A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101050899A (en
Inventor
王文
段永红
杨丽
白云飞
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
Ebara Refrigeration Equipment and Systems China Co Ltd
Original Assignee
RENYUAN AIR CONDITIONER EQUIPMENT CO Ltd YANTAI CITY
Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Application filed by RENYUAN AIR CONDITIONER EQUIPMENT CO Ltd YANTAI CITY, Shanghai Jiaotong University filed Critical RENYUAN AIR CONDITIONER EQUIPMENT CO Ltd YANTAI CITY
Priority to CNB2007100404645A priority Critical patent/CN100451496C/en
Publication of CN101050899A publication Critical patent/CN101050899A/en
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Abstract

A refrigerant distributor of evaporator in compression-refrigeration falling film type is prepared for connecting refrigerant inlet to refrigerant longitudinal tensile distribution tube being connected with refrigerant horizontal tensile capillary tube, setting a row of small holes at bottom of each said capillary tube, setting porous material layer under said distribution tube and said capillary tube, arranging steel plate mesh under porous material layer and porous plate under steel plate mesh then arranging a flow guide silk screen under porous plate.

Description

The refrigerant distributor of compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refrigerant distributor of refrigeration technology field, specifically is a kind of refrigerant distributor of compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator.
Background technology
In big-and-middle-sized refrigerating capacity scope, the main refrigeration unit of using is screw and centrifugal two kinds of types.Evaporimeter is the main heat-exchange apparatus in the refrigeration system, and whether the selection of evaporimeter is proper, is directly connected to the refrigeration of whole refrigerating plant, is directly connected to the energy consumption of operation.In centrifugal and screw-type water chiller, the form of evaporimeter mainly contains three kinds: flooded evaporator, dry evaporator and downward film evaporator.Wherein, the horizontal tube downward film evaporator has been used to refrigeration, chemical industry, Petroleum refining, industry such as desalinization.In the Refrigeration ﹠ Air-Conditioning industry, full-liquid type evaporation relatively, falling film type evaporation has a clear superiority in: 1) heat transfer coefficient height.Allow the evaporating temperature appropriateness to increase, improve cycle efficieny, can also reduce evaporator size; 2) refrigerant charge reduces.This cost that can reduce refrigeration plant with reduce and leak relevant risk, comprise the maintenance cost of following, and risk reduces the permission system to the appropriate reduction of poisonous or flammable requirements of working medium; 3) lubricating oil sinks to base of evaporator with lower amount of refrigerant, makes oil return more effectively easy; 4) eliminate the intrafascicular low pipe row's of immersion tube hydrostatic head, and may reduce the temperature difference between tube-surface and the cold-producing medium.More than these advantages reduced the material cost and the maintenance cost of unit.Downward film evaporator also has its inferior position simultaneously: very high to the uniform distribution requirement of cold-producing medium on horizontal tube bundle, responsive more to the charging amount of cold-producing medium, wherein, the homogeneity question that cold-producing medium distributes is particularly important.
If two phase refrigerant is not uniformly distributed on the interior heating surface bank of refrigeration system falling film evaporator at first, that is the cold-producing medium undersupply of another part tube bank with regard to having caused to a part tube bank oversupply cold-producing medium easily, therefore, the efficient that is positioned at the heat transfer efficiency of falling film evaporator and vapor compression refrigeration system as a whole can descend.In addition, in the tube bank of cold-producing medium undersupply part interruption to the vital liquid refrigeration agent film of diabatic process may take place.The existence in local desiccation zone during this interruption can cause restraining, promptly so-called " drying up " exists, and can reduce the whole heat transfer property of downward film evaporator.
The key of falling film type evaporation is on the top of evaporimeter suitable distributor to be set.What part adopted in falling film evaporator is the refrigerant distributing system of pressure splashing type, the cold-producing medium that nozzle gets off causes splash phenomena easily, and the gaseous refrigerant that the part cold-producing medium drop that gets off of nozzle is evaporated up easily brings to the compressor suction side, and is difficult for and the inner tube bank of evaporimeter is done heat exchange and accumulated in the shell-side bottom with regard to bypass.
Find through literature search prior art, the patent US 6 of U.S. Trane air-conditioning register of company, 293,11B1 is the refrigerant distributor of five layers of perforated panel structure, do the distribution of gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium from top to bottom, the gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium carries out the first time and distributes between ground floor and second layer perforated panel, second laminate will carry out throttling to the gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium, the gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium separates with the rear section through throttling, and spray again to the 3rd layer of perforated panel, the 3rd layer of similar diamond shaped of orifice plate shape can be with the further uniform distribution spray of gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium to the 4th layer of perforated panel, and the 3rd layer of perforated panel has the effect of spray gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium.Between the 4th layer of perforated panel and layer 5 perforated panel, leave segment space, but feed flow attitude cold-producing medium spray to efficient heat exchanger tube surface in the mode of gravity spray, be beneficial to conduct heat.But, this distributor difficulty of processing height, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of refrigerant distributor of compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator is provided.Make its not only assignment system cryogen uniformly, and can reduce the charging amount of cold-producing medium, and need not to acquire gas-liquid separator, reduced amount of parts, reduced the unit cost.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: refrigerant inlet, cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe, cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary, porous material layer, drawn steel expanded metals, porous plate, water conservancy diversion silk screen.Described refrigerant inlet flows into for two-phase refrigerant mixture, and it is communicated with described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe.Described cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary is positioned at the both sides of described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe side, and be communicated with described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe, and be provided with row's aperture every described bottom surface capillaceous, they carry out gas-liquid separation and assignment of traffic first to two-phase refrigerant mixture, and can cold-producing medium from make before distributor is sent described cold-producing medium inner skeleton below the distributor whole heating surface bank length and flow transverse to its whole width.Described porous material layer is used for two phase refrigerant is carried out gas-liquid separation and assignment of traffic once more, and described porous material layer is below described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe and cross directional stretch are capillaceous; Described drawn steel expanded metals is arranged on described porous material layer below, and described porous material layer is played fixation; Described porous plate, gas-liquid separation for the third time and assignment of traffic are carried out to cold-producing medium in the below that is arranged on described drawn steel expanded metals, wherein, each biographies heat pipe of each the aperture vertical alignment evaporimeter on the described porous plate; One water conservancy diversion silk screen is arranged below described porous plate, the liquid refrigerant after the gas-liquid separation is directed on each biographies heat pipe of evaporimeter of vertical alignment.
The above-mentioned distributor of the present invention can be divided into three grades of dispenser: the one-level dispenser of being made up of cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe and cross directional stretch capillary; The secondary distribution portion that forms by porous material layer; Three grades of dispenser being made up of porous plate in addition, also have one deck liquid towards cold-producing medium to play the water conservancy diversion silk screen of guide functions below described porous plate, wherein:
Described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe and cross directional stretch capillary can be accepted the described two-phase refrigerant mixture that comes from described inlet, and described refrigerant mixture is flowed within it along the axial and horizontal both direction with respect to heating surface bank;
Described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe has a plurality of horizontal capillary branched bottoms, the cross-sectional area of described each capillary branched bottom equates, spacing between the described branched bottom equates, and, be provided with row's aperture in the bottom surface of described each capillary branched bottom, the size of these apertures equates that the spacing between the described aperture also equates, can simplify the process of distributor like this.The cold-producing medium that flows in described one-level dispenser flows out from described aperture, and reduces the kinetic energy of described cold-producing medium;
Speed when flowing through each capillary branched bottom inlet when described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe flows described two-phase refrigerant mixture within it equates;
The flow through pressure drop ratio of described one-level dispenser of described two-phase refrigerant mixture is lower, therefore, has reduced the flash distillation of liquid refrigerant part in described distributor in the described refrigerant mixture;
Described secondary distribution portion is a porous material layer, and available silk screen forms, and can accept the described two-phase refrigerant mixture that comes from described one-level dispenser, and it is carried out gas-liquid separation and assignment of traffic;
Described three grades of dispenser are porous plate, can accept the described two-phase refrigerant mixture that comes from described secondary distribution portion, and reduced its kinetic energy before the liquid refrigerant of described refrigerant mixture partly is deposited on the heat-transfer pipe of evaporator bundle.The length of described porous plate and width equate with the axial length and the transverse width of heat-transfer pipe of evaporator basically.Described porous plate has makes its a lot of apertures that can therefrom flow out of cold-producing medium mat, the size in described aperture and quantity keep in certain scope when guaranteeing that described cold-producing medium flows through the aperture of porous plate can not causing the generation of backflow simultaneously within it to further gas-liquid separation of cold-producing medium and assignment of traffic;
Described water conservancy diversion silk screen places the below of described porous plate, and with the aperture vertical alignment of described porous plate, the described cold-producing medium that flows out from described aperture directly is directed on the heating surface bank below it.
Refrigerant distributor of the present invention no longer needs independent gas-liquid separation device or method, two-phase refrigerant mixture can be dispensed to uniformly in the evaporimeter on the heating surface bank with described refrigerant distributor, therefore, it can reduce the charging amount of cold-producing medium and relevant amount of parts, has reduced the unit cost and can improve the oil return situation of compressor in the refrigeration unit; Refrigerant distributor of the present invention can come uniform distribution with the whole length of the heating surface bank of cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter and transverse to its width; Refrigerant distributor of the present invention can farthest reduce because of distribute that operation caused, distribute the pressure decline phenomenon in the described cold-producing medium, promptly reduced the flass of the liquid refrigerant part of described two-phase refrigerant mixture; Cold-producing medium of the present invention kept the dripping type state before distributor flows out on the heating surface bank, can reduce liquid refrigerant like this and splash and leave each pipe in the tube bank top.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is a Facad structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 1 b is that schematic cross-section is looked on the left side of Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 2 a is the vertical distributing pipe and the cross directional stretch capillary schematic diagram of the distributor among Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 2 b is cold-producing medium transverse distribution capillary among Fig. 2 a and the aperture schematic diagram on the bottom surface thereof;
Fig. 3 is vertical distributing pipe and the transverse distribution capillary three-dimensional effect diagram of Fig. 2 a;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of porous plate among Fig. 1 a;
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As Fig. 1 a, shown in Fig. 1 b, there is shown the schematic diagram of preferred embodiment of the present invention, described distributor is by numeral 1 total expressing.Described distributor comprises: refrigerant inlet 2, cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe 3 and cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary 4, porous material layer (employing silk screen) 5, drawn steel expanded metals 7, porous plate 8, water conservancy diversion silk screen 9.Except that above-mentioned parts, also have upper sealing plate 10 and demister 11.
In vapor compression refrigeration system, pass through the later two-phase refrigerant mixture of expansion gear throttling at first by in the cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe 3 in the described distributor 1 of refrigerant inlet 2 inflows, longitudinal stretching effect by cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe 3, cold-producing medium is assigned to the axial length direction of heating surface bank and flows in described distributor, simultaneously, cold-producing medium in the described distributor has flow in the cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary 4 of each branch of cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe 3 sides, rely on the longitudinal stretching effect of cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe 3 and the cross directional stretch effect of cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary 4, two-phase refrigerant mixture made two-phase refrigerant mixture flow in inner skeleton transverse to the axial length and the transverse width on described tube bank top before the aperture 12 on the bottom surface of cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary 4 is sent into secondary distribution portion silk screen 5, cold-producing medium flows to later on the silk screen 5 below it through the gas-liquid separation of the aperture 12 on the capillary bottom surface shown in Fig. 2 b and assignment of traffic, the two-phase refrigerant mixture that silk screen 5 is by convection into above it is carried out gas-liquid separation and assignment of traffic once more, then, porous plate 8 is accepted the cold-producing medium that square from it silk screen 5 flows down, gas-liquid separation and assignment of traffic are carried out to cold-producing medium again in aperture 13 on the porous plate 8,13 the exit in the aperture, cold-producing medium has reached lower flowing velocity, at last, the water conservancy diversion silk screen 9 of 13 belows, aperture directs into liquid refrigerant in the tube bank of below of perpendicular alignment.
As Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b and shown in Figure 3, they show vertical distributing pipe and the transverse distribution schematic diagram capillaceous and the three-dimensional effect diagram of distributor of the present invention.Cognosciblely be, this one-level dispenser structure has been placed on longitudinal stretching and the cross directional stretch distribution to two-phase refrigerant mixture with in one deck, saved the space in the evaporator shell, simultaneously, cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary 4 wherein places the centre position of cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe 3 side height, its caliber can be adjusted according to the different of operating condition with spacing, and the aperture of the row's aperture 12 on every cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary 4 bottom surface also can be adjusted with the different of evaporator tube size according to concrete operating condition with pitch of holes.
As shown in Figure 4, the aperture 13 that a lot of rows are arranged on the porous plate 8, the aperture in its aperture 13 keeps certain size so that cold-producing medium was carried out last gas-liquid separation and assignment of traffic before flowing out distributor, because if the aperture in aperture 13 is too big, will be to the gas-liquid separation of cold-producing medium inoperative or cause the generation of backflow, otherwise, if the aperture in aperture 13 is too little, cold-producing medium will cause bigger pressure drop when flowing through this aperture, increase the flash distillation of liquid refrigerant, even can block flowing of cold-producing medium.Simultaneously, the quantity in the aperture 13 on the porous plate 8 is many as far as possible, with the uniformity of guaranteeing that cold-producing medium distributes.

Claims (7)

1. the refrigerant distributor of a compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator is characterized in that, comprising: refrigerant inlet, cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe, cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary, porous material layer, drawn steel expanded metals, porous plate, water conservancy diversion silk screen; Described refrigerant inlet flows into for two-phase refrigerant mixture, and it is communicated with described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe; Described cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillary is positioned at the both sides of described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe side, and is communicated with described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe, and is provided with row's aperture every described bottom surface capillaceous; Described porous material layer is used for two-phase refrigerant mixture is carried out gas-liquid separation and assignment of traffic once more below described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe and cross directional stretch are capillaceous; Described drawn steel expanded metals is arranged on described porous material layer below; Described porous plate, gas-liquid separation for the third time and assignment of traffic are carried out to two-phase refrigerant mixture in the below that is arranged on described drawn steel expanded metals, and described water conservancy diversion silk screen is arranged on the below of described porous plate.
2. the refrigerant distributor of compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, on the described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe, have a plurality of cold-producing medium cross directional stretch capillaries, each the cold-producing medium cross directional stretch cross-sectional area capillaceous on the described cold-producing medium longitudinal stretching distributing pipe equates.
3. the refrigerant distributor of compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described cold-producing medium cross directional stretch bottom surface capillaceous is provided with row's aperture, and the size of these apertures equates.
4. as the refrigerant distributor of claim 1 or 3 described compression refrigeration falling-film evaporators, it is characterized in that, the aperture of described cold-producing medium cross directional stretch bottom surface capillaceous, they carry out gas-liquid separation and assignment of traffic first to two-phase refrigerant mixture, and two-phase refrigerant mixture from make before distributor is sent described two-phase refrigerant mixture inner skeleton below the distributor whole heating surface bank length and flow transverse to the whole width of heating surface bank.
5. the refrigerant distributor of compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein, and each biographies heat pipe of each the aperture vertical alignment evaporimeter on the described porous plate.
6. as the refrigerant distributor of claim 1 or 5 described compression refrigeration falling-film evaporators, it is characterized in that, the aperture vertical alignment of described water conservancy diversion silk screen and described porous plate is directed to the liquid refrigerant after the gas-liquid separation on each biographies heat pipe of evaporimeter of vertical alignment.
7. as the refrigerant distributor of claim 1 or 5 described compression refrigeration falling-film evaporators, it is characterized in that the length of described porous plate and width equate with the axial length and the transverse width of heat-transfer pipe of evaporator.
CNB2007100404645A 2007-05-10 2007-05-10 Refrigerant distributor of compression refrigeration falling-film evaporator Expired - Fee Related CN100451496C (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR20200090775A (en) * 2017-10-20 2020-07-29 존슨 컨트롤스 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 Falling film heat exchanger
US11619428B2 (en) 2018-04-06 2023-04-04 Carrier Corporation Integrated separator and distributor

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US10209013B2 (en) 2010-09-03 2019-02-19 Johnson Controls Technology Company Vapor compression system
CN102410773B (en) * 2010-09-21 2013-06-12 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 Liquid-distributing device for falling-film evaporator
CN102252468B (en) * 2011-06-27 2013-03-27 四川同达博尔置业有限公司 Refrigerant distributor of falling film evaporator
CN103868287B (en) * 2012-12-18 2016-02-03 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Refrigerant distributor and the heat exchanger applied thereof
KR101924344B1 (en) * 2013-06-07 2018-12-03 존슨 컨트롤스 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 Distributor for use in a vapor compression system
CN103389005B (en) 2013-08-06 2015-08-05 杭州三花微通道换热器有限公司 Refrigerant distributing device and the heat exchanger with it
EP3637033B1 (en) * 2017-06-09 2024-01-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Heat exchanger and refrigeration cycle device
CN108709339A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-10-26 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Liquid distributor, falling film evaporator and air-conditioning
CN112856862B (en) * 2021-02-02 2022-04-29 哈尔滨商业大学 Evaporator refrigerant distribution film forming mechanism for refrigeration of air conditioning equipment

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CN1343295A (en) * 1999-03-12 2002-04-03 美国标准公司 Falling film evaporator having two-phase refregerant distribution system
CN2566924Y (en) * 2002-08-20 2003-08-20 束松坡 Cyclone distribution film forming apparatus
CN2568271Y (en) * 2002-09-05 2003-08-27 中国铝业股份有限公司 Film applicator of sheet type falling-film evaporator
JP2005003296A (en) * 2003-06-13 2005-01-06 Ebara Corp Liquid spraying device, and liquid membrane type heat exchanger and absorption refrigerating machine using the same
US6868695B1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-03-22 American Standard International Inc. Flow distributor and baffle system for a falling film evaporator
CN2765649Y (en) * 2004-11-19 2006-03-22 上海爱普香料有限公司 Arrangement for evenly distributing liquid material

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1343295A (en) * 1999-03-12 2002-04-03 美国标准公司 Falling film evaporator having two-phase refregerant distribution system
CN2566924Y (en) * 2002-08-20 2003-08-20 束松坡 Cyclone distribution film forming apparatus
CN2568271Y (en) * 2002-09-05 2003-08-27 中国铝业股份有限公司 Film applicator of sheet type falling-film evaporator
JP2005003296A (en) * 2003-06-13 2005-01-06 Ebara Corp Liquid spraying device, and liquid membrane type heat exchanger and absorption refrigerating machine using the same
US6868695B1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-03-22 American Standard International Inc. Flow distributor and baffle system for a falling film evaporator
CN2765649Y (en) * 2004-11-19 2006-03-22 上海爱普香料有限公司 Arrangement for evenly distributing liquid material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20200090775A (en) * 2017-10-20 2020-07-29 존슨 컨트롤스 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 Falling film heat exchanger
KR102470459B1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2022-11-25 존슨 컨트롤스 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 falling film heat exchanger
US11619428B2 (en) 2018-04-06 2023-04-04 Carrier Corporation Integrated separator and distributor

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Address after: 200240 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, No. 800, No.

Co-patentee after: Ebara (Chinese) Co. Ltd and cooling system

Patentee after: Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Address before: 200240 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, No. 800, No.

Co-patentee before: Renyuan Air Conditioner Equipment Co., Ltd., Yantai City

Patentee before: Shanghai Jiao Tong University

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20090114

Termination date: 20180510