CN100450732C - Under drive mechanical finger device of connecting rod - Google Patents

Under drive mechanical finger device of connecting rod Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100450732C
CN100450732C CNB200710099371XA CN200710099371A CN100450732C CN 100450732 C CN100450732 C CN 100450732C CN B200710099371X A CNB200710099371X A CN B200710099371XA CN 200710099371 A CN200710099371 A CN 200710099371A CN 100450732 C CN100450732 C CN 100450732C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
joint
section
refers
finger
drive
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB200710099371XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101049696A (en
Inventor
张文增
郝莉
陈强
都东
孙振国
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Priority to CNB200710099371XA priority Critical patent/CN100450732C/en
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Publication of CN100450732C publication Critical patent/CN100450732C/en
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Abstract

A connection rod type under-driven finger unit for manipulator is composed of the first and second finger segments and an under-driven joint between said two finger segments. Said under-driven joint consisting of joint axle, active slide block, connecting-rod unit, and torsional spring. Said connecting-rod unit comprises the drive rod and the driven rod.

Description

The connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device
Technical field
The invention belongs to anthropomorphic robot's technical field, particularly a kind of structural design with activation lacking mechanical finger device of form adaptive.
Background technology
With the mankind seemingly, most functions of anthropomorphic robot will realize by operation by human hand, thereby hand structure is anthropomorphic robot's important component part, its design is one of key technology of anthropomorphic robot.In order to increase personalizing of hand, hand will design more joint freedom degrees, yet, in order to alleviate the control difficulty of anthropomorphic robot's hand, and the volume, the weight that reduce hand, need to reduce the driver number, the two has certain contradiction, in addition, in order to grasp object better, also need to point and when grasping object, have certain adaptivity.Design connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device can realize more joint freedom degrees, less driver number better, have these three targets of stronger adaptivity when grasping the object of difformity and size.
Existing a kind of under-driven adaptive mechanical finger device as Chinese invention patent CN 1365875A, contains first and refers to that section, second refers to section and owes to drive the joint, owes to drive the joint and contains active plate, owes to drive joint shaft and multi-stage gear speed increasing mechanism.External force makes active plate rotate around owing to drive joint shaft, realizes that by the multi-stage gear speed increasing mechanism second refers to section rotation back fastening object significantly.
The weak point of this device is: this device adopts the multi-stage gear transmission, is a gear-box at joint, and volume is bigger; Its active plate rotates, and causes its abarticular end distance to refer to that from first section surface is far away excessively, causes finger one end thick more many than the other end, and is bigger with the staff difference; Though this device imitation thumb is a basic feasible solution, is not suitable for imitating other fingers except that thumb, and, as if being coupled together, a plurality of these devices constitute forefinger, middle finger, the third finger and little finger of toe, and outward appearance will be excessive with the staff difference.
Existing a kind of under-driven adaptive mechanical finger device as Chinese invention patent CN 1410223A, comprises the first finger section, owes to drive the joint and the second finger section, owes to drive the joint and contains active sliding block, joint shaft and pinion and rack.External force drives active sliding block and refers to slide on the section first, and the tooth bar that is fixed in simultaneously on the active sliding block refers to motion in the section to first, drives with the tooth bar meshed gears and rotates around joint shaft, realizes that second refers to that section rotates an also fastening object.
The weak point of this device is: this device adopts the rack-and-pinion transmission, the device more complicated, and the quality of palm is bigger, and energy consumption is higher.In order to realize that good owing drives effect, realize that promptly second refers to the rotation of section than wide-angle, the tooth radius that is adopted must be very little, and difficulty of processing is big, cost is high.And pinion and rack needs good lubricated and sealing, and use cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device in order to overcome the weak point of prior art.Make that this mechanical finger device with functions has that volume is little, light weight, be easy to characteristics such as processing and maintenance, thereby further reduce difficulty of processing and maintenance cost, make the profile of mechanical finger more similar to people's hand finger.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device, contain first and refer to section, second refer to section and be arranged between the two owe to drive the joint, describedly owe to drive the joint and contain active sliding block, joint shaft and the torsion spring that is set on the joint shaft, described joint shaft is installed in first and refers on the section, described second refers to that section is set on the joint shaft, one end of described torsion spring and first refers to that section is connected, the other end of torsion spring and second refers to that section is connected, it is characterized in that: describedly owe to drive the joint and also contain linkage, described linkage is made up of driving lever and follower lever, driving lever one end and first refers to that section is hinged, the other end and follower lever are hinged, the other end of follower lever and second refers to that section is hinged, and this pin joint axis is parallel with respect to the joint shaft axis; Described active sliding block is embedded in first and refers in the section, and contacts with described driving lever.
Technical characterictic of the present invention also is: described joint shaft is made up of left joint semiaxis and right joint semiaxis, and described left joint semiaxis and right joint semiaxis are coaxial to be installed on the first finger section.
Another technical characterictic of the present invention also is: the described structural parameters of owing to drive the each several part in joint meet following relation:
If driving lever length is L 1, follower lever length is L 2, follower lever and second refers to that section pin joint axis is L to the distance between the joint shaft axis 3, the contact wire of active sliding block and driving lever refers to that to driving lever one end and first vertical range of section pin joint axis is h, then: L 1: h=1.5~2.5: 1; L 2: h=3~5: 1; L 3: h=0.6~1.2: 1.
The first finger section of the present invention is made up of first a finger section skeleton, backplate and active sliding block baffle plate, and the three is fixed together.Described active sliding block is by slide body and be fixed in the lip-deep slider table face shield of slide body and form, and described slider table face shield adopts industrial rubber material.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and the high-lighting effect: this device utilizes the linkage transmission to realize that second refers to the section rotation, and under the rational situation of size design, the very short move distance of active sliding block can bring the rotation of the second finger section wide-angle.This device only adopts driving lever and two connecting rod transmissions of follower lever, the connecting rod number is few, simple in structure, reliable, the volume and the quality of device have been reduced, only need lower control system requirement, make this mechanical finger device with functions have little, the light weight of volume, be easy to characteristics such as processing and maintenance, thereby can make the profile of mechanical finger more similar, further reduce difficulty of processing and maintenance cost to people's hand finger.This device can be used as a finger of simulating human hand for robot or a part of pointing, also can be together in series and constitute high shape adaptability and height is owed fingers driven, can also constitute height with a plurality of so high under-actuated fingers and owe the machine driven people anthropomorphic hand, in order to reach the effect of simulating human hand for robot high-freedom degree, high adaptivity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the right view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the front view after present embodiment removes slider table face shield 11.
Fig. 5 is the scheme of installation of active sliding block in the present embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the explosive view of present embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the explosive view when joint shaft is designed to be made up of left joint semiaxis and right joint semiaxis.
Fig. 8 is that present embodiment finger second refers to the side sectional view after section is rotated.
Fig. 9,10,11,12 is schematic diagrames that the first finger section is fixed in the present embodiment finger grip object on the palm.
Figure 13,14,15,16 is schematic diagrames of the present embodiment finger grip object after the first finger section and active joint are connected.
Figure 17 is a front view of owing to drive the doublejointed finger of having used present embodiment.
Figure 18 is a right view of owing to drive the doublejointed finger of having used present embodiment.
Figure 19 be used present embodiment owe drive doublejointed finger two owe to drive the joint rotate under the schematic diagrames of grasping large sized object, its root section of finger is connected with the active joint.
Figure 20 is a front view of having used the multi-finger hand simulating human hand for robot of present embodiment.
In Fig. 1 to Figure 20:
1. first refers to section, and 2. second refers to section, 3. owes to drive the joint,
4. active sliding block, 5. linkage, 6. first refers to a section skeleton,
7. backplate, 8. active sliding block baffle plate,
9. backplate groove, 10. slide body, 11. slider table face shields,
12. boss, 13. are riveted on first rivet that refers to the section skeleton with boss,
14. driving lever, 15. follower levers,
16. be used for the root jointed shaft of hinged boss 12 and driving lever 14,
17. be used for the middle jointed shaft of hinged driving lever 14 and follower lever 15,
18. be used for the terminal jointed shaft that hinged follower lever 15 and second refers to section 2,
19. joint shaft, 19 (a). left joint semiaxis, 19 (b). right joint semiaxis,
20. torsion spring, 21. first refer to the active sliding block chute of section skeleton 6 both sides,
22. the slide body projection of slide body 10 both sides,
23. the root section of finger, the 24. middle part sections of finger, the 25. end sections of finger,
26. the root active sliding block, 27. middle part active sliding block, the joint is owed to drive in 28. middle parts,
29. end owes to drive the joint, 30. palms, and 31. thumbs,
32. forefinger, 33. middle fingers, 34. third fingers,
35. little finger of toe, 36. thumb root joints,
37. the thumb end owes to drive the joint, 38. forefinger root joints,
39. the joint is owed to drive in the forefinger middle part, 40. forefinger ends owe to drive the joint,
41. the middle finger root joint, the joint is owed to drive in 42. middle fingers middle part,
43. the middle finger end owes to drive the joint, 44. nameless root joints,
45. the joint is owed to drive in nameless middle part, 46. nameless ends owe to drive the joint,
47. the little finger of toe root joint, the joint is owed to drive in 48. little fingers of toe middle part,
49. the little finger of toe end owes to drive the joint.
The specific embodiment
Further describe the content of concrete structure of the present invention, operation principle below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
A kind of connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device embodiment of the present invention design, profile as shown in Figure 1, 2, principle is shown in Fig. 3,4,5,6,7.This device contain first refer to section 1, second refer to section 2 and be arranged between the two owe to drive joint 3, describedly owe to drive joint 3 and contain active sliding block 4, joint shaft 19, linkage 5 and be set in torsion spring 20 on the joint shaft.Described joint shaft is installed in first and refers on the section, and described second refers to that section is set on the joint shaft; One end of described torsion spring and first refers to that section is connected, and the other end of torsion spring and second refers to that section is connected; Described linkage is made up of driving lever 14 and follower lever 15, and driving lever one end and first refers to that section is hinged, and the other end and follower lever are hinged; The other end of follower lever and second refers to that section is hinged, and this pin joint axis is parallel with respect to the joint shaft axis; Described active sliding block is embedded in first and refers in the section, and contacts with described driving lever.
Described joint shaft 19 has two kinds of designs: first kind for being designed to a bearing, and the explosive view of this design as shown in Figure 6; Move interference with joint shaft at the volley for fear of follower lever, second kind of scheme is designed to joint shaft to be made up of left joint semiaxis 19a and right joint semiaxis 19b, left side joint semiaxis and right joint semiaxis are coaxial to be installed on the first finger section, and the explosive view of this design as shown in Figure 7.
For realize better slip by the little displacement of active sliding block cause second refer to the section wide-angle rotation this owe to drive function, the structural parameters that the owing of this connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device drives the joint each several part need satisfy following relation: establishing driving lever length is L 1, follower lever length is L 2, follower lever and second refers to that section pin joint axis is L to the distance between the joint shaft axis 3, the contact wire of active sliding block ÷ and driving lever refers to that to driving lever one end and first vertical range of section pin joint axis is h, then: L 1: h=1.5~2.5: 1; L 2: h=3~5: 1; L 3: h=0.6~1.2: 1.
The described first finger section is made up of first a finger section skeleton 6, backplate 7 and active sliding block baffle plate 8, and the three is fixed together.For being embedded first, active sliding block refers to section, refers to have active sliding block chute 21 on the section skeleton that described active sliding block shutter is lived described active sliding block chute, in order to prevent that active sliding block breaks away from first and refers to section first.
Refer on the section that for the ease of described driving lever being hinged on first in the present embodiment, refer to rivet 13 riveted joints boss 12 is arranged on the section skeleton first, described driving lever one end is hinged with root jointed shaft 16 and boss.
The driving lever other end is hinged with described follower lever one end with middle jointed shaft 17, and the other end of follower lever refers to that with terminal jointed shaft 18 and second section is hinged.
Described active sliding block is made up of slide body 10 and slider table face shield 11, and the slider table face shield adopts suitable flexible industrial rubber material.Like this when grasping object, will form soft finger face between finger surface and the object and contact, increased the degree of restraint of finger on the one hand to object, also can increase frictional force on the other hand, thus the stability of increase extracting object.There is slide body projection 22 described slide body both sides, and the slide body projection embeds the first active sliding block chute that refers on the section skeleton, plays the effect of location and guiding, are direction along the active sliding block chute with the direction of motion that guarantees active sliding block.
On the described torsion spring 20 sheathed joint shafts, an end and first refers to that section is affixed, and the other end and second refers to that section is affixed.Its function is: keep second to refer to that section is honest under the nature; When decontroling object, the second finger section is taken back physical slot, initial position is replied by drivening rod mechanism, thereby refers to that with first the interior active sliding block of section pushes back physical slot.
The operation principle of present embodiment is described below:
(1) if first of present embodiment is referred to that section 1 is fixed on the palm of simulating human hand for robot, the operation principle of present embodiment shown in Fig. 9,10,11,12, is described below:
When simulating human hand for robot did not contact object, finger was in free state, and this moment, the moment of torsion of torsion spring 20 made second to refer to that section 2 does not rotate, and finger keeps straight configuration.
When simulating human hand for robot grasps object, other fingers rotate back compressing object, object extruding active sliding block 4, active sliding block refers to 1 li displacement d that translation is certain of section along the direction of vertical finger surface to first, oppressing driving lever 14 simultaneously refers to rotate in the section for axial first with root jointed shaft 16, drive follower lever 15 motions, and then drive the second finger section 2 around joint shaft 19 wide-angle rotational angle α, till the second finger section contact object, thereby this simulating human hand for robot will have the automatic adaptability to object size, shape.After the present embodiment finger grasped object, the change in location of linkage as shown in Figure 8.In order to prevent that second linkage when referring to that section is rotated and backplate 7 from moving interference, has backplate groove 9 on the backplate.
The contact wire of active sliding block 4 and driving lever 14 is referred to that to driving lever one end and first vertical range of section pin joint axis is made as h.H is less in the present embodiment, thereby little displacement d of active sliding block translation can make driving lever turn over a bigger angle, refers to section 2 motions thereby drive follower lever 15, second, realizes that finally second refers to that section turns over bigger angle [alpha].This makes second to refer to that section has driver drives such as motor general seemingly when rotating, and can fasten object fast, has realized that finger self without driver, but can have the purpose of a plurality of joint freedom degrees.
When simulating human hand for robot is decontroled object, other fingers leave object under motor rotates, object is also just no longer oppressed active sliding block 4, torsion spring 20 will drive second and refer to that section 2 goes back to initial position around joint shaft 19, nature is replied by drivening rod mechanism 5, and then active sliding block 4 is pushed back initial position.Because active sliding block baffle plate 8 is stamped in active sliding block chute 21 outsides, can prevent that active sliding block breaks away from first and refers to section.
(2) if first of present embodiment is referred to that section 1 root is socketed on the active joint by driver drives, the operation principle of present embodiment shown in Figure 13,14,15,16, is described below:
When simulating human hand for robot grasps object, rotate under driving moment M effect in the active joint that is with the first finger section 1, make whole under-actuated finger rotate around the active joint of root, up to active sliding block 4 contact objects, because object can not leave under the effect of other fingers, so, when the active joint is rotated further, active sliding block 4 is in the direction that stops the vertical finger surface in lower edge translation in the first finger section of object, and it is similar with (1) to grasp process thereafter.
Use the embodiment of the invention owe drive the doublejointed finger shown in Figure 17,18.
Use the embodiment of the invention owe drive the doublejointed finger and owe to drive joint 28 and end by the root section of finger 23, the middle part section of finger 24, the end section of finger 25, middle part and owe to drive joint 29 and form.
The owing of this application embodiment of the invention drive the doublejointed finger with two owe to drive rotate the extracting object in the joint principle as shown in figure 19.When simulating human hand for robot grasps object, object in the effect lower compression root active sliding block 26 of other fingers (if this root section of finger 23 of owing to drive the doublejointed finger is set on the active joint, then this owes to drive the doublejointed finger under the active rotation in root active joint, the compressing object, object is subjected to the obstruction of other fingers and can not leaves, so react on root active sliding block 26), this moment, the root active sliding block was moved in the root section of finger along the direction of vertical finger surface, the feasible middle part section of finger 24, end owes to drive joint 29, the end section of finger 25 owes to drive joint 28 quick rotation around the middle part, owing to drive at the middle part seemingly has driver active drive such as motor general in the joint, up to middle part active sliding block 27 contact objects.The middle part active sliding block is subjected to object and hinders no longer motion, this moment, object continued compressing root active sliding block 26, the section of finger 24, end owe to drive joint 28 in the middle part of causing, 25 continuation of the end section of finger owe to drive the joint quick rotation around the middle part, because the middle part section of finger this moment (rotating) is moved with respect to middle part active sliding block (motionless), drive the end section of finger and owe to drive the joint quick rotation around end, owing to drive the joint seemingly endways has driver active drive such as motor general, up to the end section of finger contact object.This is owed to drive doublejointed and points the automatic adaptability that has the object of difformity, size.
The multi-finger hand simulating human hand for robot of application present embodiment as shown in figure 20.
The multi-finger hand simulating human hand for robot of using present embodiment comprises palm 30, thumb 31, forefinger 32, middle finger 33, nameless 34, little finger of toe 35, thumb root joint 36, the thumb end owes to drive joint 37, forefinger root joint 38, joint 39 is owed to drive in the forefinger middle part, the forefinger end owes to drive joint 40, middle finger root joint 41, joint 42 is owed to drive in the middle finger middle part, the middle finger end owes to drive joint 43, nameless root joint 44, joint 45 is owed to drive in nameless middle part, nameless end owes to drive joint 46, little finger of toe root joint 47, the little finger of toe middle part owes to drive joint 48 and the little finger of toe end owes to drive joint 49.
Wherein, thumb 31 has been used single present embodiment structure, forefinger 32, middle finger 33, nameless 34, little finger of toe 35 has been used two present embodiment structures respectively.Root joint of each finger is all for by motor-driven active joint.What the joint, middle part of each finger and terminal joint were tape drive not owes to drive the joint, has promptly used the structure of present embodiment.

Claims (6)

1. connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device, contain first and refer to section (1), second refer to section (2) and be arranged between the two owe to drive joint (3), describedly owe to drive the joint and contain active sliding block (4), joint shaft (19) and be set in torsion spring (20) on the joint shaft, described joint shaft is installed in first and refers on the section, described second refers to that section is set on the joint shaft, one end of described torsion spring and first refers to that section is connected, the other end of torsion spring and second refers to that section is connected, it is characterized in that: describedly owe to drive the joint and also contain linkage (5), described linkage is made up of driving lever (14) and follower lever (15), driving lever one end and first refers to that section is hinged, and the other end and follower lever are hinged; The other end of follower lever and second refers to that section is hinged, and this pin joint axis is parallel with respect to the joint shaft axis; Described active sliding block is embedded in first and refers in the section, and contacts with described driving lever.
2. connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described joint shaft (19) is made up of left joint semiaxis (19a) and right joint semiaxis (19b), and described left joint semiaxis and right joint semiaxis are coaxial to be installed on the first finger section.
3. connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the described structural parameters of owing to drive the each several part in joint meet following relation:
If driving lever length is L 1, follower lever length is L 2, follower lever and second refers to that section pin joint axis is L to the distance between the joint shaft axis 3, the contact wire of active sliding block and driving lever refers to that to driving lever one end and first vertical range of section pin joint axis is h, then: L 1: h=1.5~2.5: 1; L 2: h=3~5: 1; L 3: h=0.6~1.2: 1.
4. connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described first finger section is made up of first a finger section skeleton (6), backplate (7) and active sliding block baffle plate (8), and the three is fixed together.
5. connecting rod activation lacking mechanical finger device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described active sliding block is by slide body (10) and be fixed in the lip-deep slider table face shield of slide body (11) and form, and described slider table face shield adopts industrial rubber material.
6. high activation lacking mechanical finger device that employing is installed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this high activation lacking mechanical finger device comprises the finger section greater than two, refers to be provided with the described joint of owing to drive between the section every adjacent two.
CNB200710099371XA 2007-05-18 2007-05-18 Under drive mechanical finger device of connecting rod Expired - Fee Related CN100450732C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN100450732C true CN100450732C (en) 2009-01-14

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