CN100442621C - A rectifying circuit start-up protector - Google Patents
A rectifying circuit start-up protector Download PDFInfo
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- CN100442621C CN100442621C CNB2003101129647A CN200310112964A CN100442621C CN 100442621 C CN100442621 C CN 100442621C CN B2003101129647 A CNB2003101129647 A CN B2003101129647A CN 200310112964 A CN200310112964 A CN 200310112964A CN 100442621 C CN100442621 C CN 100442621C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a rectifying circuit start-up protector, particularly to the start-up protector of uncontrollable rectifying circuits, and the start-up protector takes capacitors with large capacitance as filters. The present invention is composed of electrolytic capacitors, voltage detectors, controllable compound relays and current-limiting resistance, wherein the electrolytic capacitors, the voltage detectors and the controllable compound relays are integrated and packaged together. The present invention uses single coil type magnetic maintaining relay switching with large contact rated current can maintain the state without power consumption. The present invention can be used for the start-up protection of uncontrollable rectifying circuits having output rated currents which are equal to or small than 200A. Simultaneously, the present invention is also provided with the voltage detectors for detecting the voltages on the electrolytic capacitors for filtering and has the advantage of high accuracy, repeatability and reliability, and the change of set value U of the voltages is convenient. Furthermore, the power consumption of the switching circuits and the voltage detectors is small in use, and the heating value is small, which is favorable for devices. The present invention is integrated together and has advantages of compact structure and convenient use, which is convenient for the design of power electronic products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the automatic protection circuit device, relate in particular to and a kind ofly have with the start-up course protective device of larger capacity electric capacity as the uncontrollable rectification circuit of filter.
Background technology
In AC converter, the AC and DC servo-driver, ups power, Now is to export to corresponding load by single-phase or three-phase alternating-current supply again through uncontrollable rectification circuit, fuse, electrochemical capacitor filter, various translation circuit conversion in parallel at the main power circuit that is being extensive use of in the devices such as static intermediate frequency power supply.The main power circuit of this structure is simple, economical, but it has a shortcoming: when AC power begins to power, the output voltage of uncontrollable rectification circuit reaches maximum immediately, and store charge not as yet in the electrochemical capacitor filter will produce initial charge current to the electrochemical capacitor filter like this.Uncontrollable rectification circuit input voltage is high more, and the power of output is big more, and big more this initial charge current of the capacitance of electrochemical capacitor filter is also just big more.This initial charge current can make the fuse in the circuit blow or higher level's power source trip under many situations.The main power circuit of this like this structure just can't normally start.
The special use that is used for sort circuit so far start protective device seldom See arrive; generally all manage to solve by designer oneself; method commonly used is as shown in Figure 1: " current limliting " resistance of series connection before the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor filter; the normal opened contact of pair of straight current relay in parallel again on " current limliting " resistance, and two end points that are connected in parallel on the electrochemical capacitor filter behind " step-down " resistance of the control coil of direct current relay series connection again.The output of uncontrollable rectification circuit is charged to the electrochemical capacitor filter by " current limliting " resistance earlier during startup, initial charge current is limited in allowed limits, the coil of direct current relay gets when the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter reaches set point U, its normal opened contact is connected, and electric current that uncontrollable rectification circuit is exported is switched to the normal opened contact of the direct current relay of having connected by " current limliting " resistance.This way seems simple but has following shortcoming:
(1) can protect uncontrollable rectification circuit output-current rating to be difficult to find in the market greater than the suitable direct current relay of 30A.
(2) voltage detecting and the relay switching to the electrochemical capacitor filter lumps together, connect by the coil of " step-down " resistance and direct current relay and to detect the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter, its precision, reliability are not high, and Yi becomes switched voltage set point U and will realize very inconvenient by changing " step-down " resistance or direct current relay.
(3) for the normal opened contact that makes direct current relay keeps on-state, the power consumption of the control coil of relay and " step-down " resistance causes that more greatly heating is more, and is unfavorable to equipment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of rectification circuit and starts protective device, and Ta has technology to compare Yu Now and has following advantage:
(1) used the contact rated current big, the unicoil formula magnetic latching relay that hold mode does not have power consumption switches, and having ready conditions at Now can be used for the output rated current is not more than the startup protection of the uncontrollable rectification circuit of 200A down.
(2) used custom-designed voltage detector to detect voltage on the electrochemical capacitor filter, the precision of detection, repeatability, reliability height.It is convenient that switched voltage set point U Yi becomes.
Power consumption was all very little when (3) commutation circuit and voltage detector were worked, and the caloric value that causes seldom, and is favourable to equipment.
(4) this rectification circuit startup protective device integrates, and compact conformation is easy to use, with low cost, brings great convenience for the designer of power electronic product.
In order to achieve the above object, rectification circuit of the present invention starts protective device by the energy storage electrochemical capacitor, voltage detector, and controlled compound relay, current-limiting resistance four parts are formed.
Energy storage electrochemical capacitor wherein, voltage detector, controlled compound relay three partly integrated being packaged together.Packaging body has five external-connected ports, and they also are the external-connected ports that rectification circuit starts protective device: working power "+" polarity input port, working power "-" polarity input port, major loop input port, major loop output port, common ground port.Wherein working power "-" polarity input port and common ground port are in inner on, and major loop input port and output port also are respectively two outputs of controlled compound relay normal opened contact.Current-limiting resistance is in the outside of packaging body, and its two end points connect with major loop input port and output port respectively.The major loop output port is again the voltage detecting end on the electrochemical capacitor filter.
Five external-connected ports with connecting of protected circuit are: the major loop input port joins through the positive polarity output terminal of overcurrent fuse and uncontrollable rectification circuit; the positive pole of major loop output port and electrochemical capacitor filter and translation circuit joins; the negative pole of negative pole, electrochemical capacitor filter and the translation circuit of common ground port and the output of uncontrollable rectification circuit joins; "+" utmost point of working power "+" polarity input port and working power joins, working power "-" polarity input port and working power " " join.
Packaging body also has three exposed parts:
(1). set the resistance adjustment screw for one, can change with it and set resistance value r; The resistance adjustment screw is the adjustment screw that is connected into variable-resistance potentiometer in the voltage detector; Resistance value between two stiff ends of potentiometer is setting resistance r, a stiff end ground connection of potentiometer, and another stiff end is received the major loop output port by major loop dropping resistor R1.
(2). set the resistance test point for one, this test point is the tie point of potentiometer and major loop dropping resistor R1 in the voltage detector, and is connected with input port, filter capacitor, the electrolytic capacitor filter of voltage monitoring chip.Between it and common ground port, can measure and set resistance value r, can calculate the setting voltage value U of controlled compound relay switching with r value;
(3). a pair of debug terminals; debug terminals is to be connected with transistorized collector electrode, emitter in the controlled compound relay and the terminal of drawing; when this device connects working power; this to the debugging short-circuit of terminals; no matter why the major loop output port is worth the voltage of common ground port; the major loop input port and the output port of this device are connected, be convenient to the debugging of protected circuit.
Voltage detector in packaging body is by being connected on the major loop dropping resistor R1 between major loop output port and the common ground port and setting resistance r dividing potential drop, through the filter capacitor filtering interference signals, obtain the voltage signal of major loop output port, voltage monitoring chip by voltage detector is monitoring, be higher than set point U in case find the voltage of major loop output port, the output of voltage detector is high potential just; As finding that this voltage is lower than U-Δ U, the output of voltage detector is electronegative potential just when the voltage of major loop output port descends.The setting resistance r here is actual to be the resistance that is connected between two stiff ends of variable-resistance potentiometer, sets resistance test point and is drawn by the interface of R1 and r.The set point U=of voltage detector (1+R1/r) * 1.182, U-Δ U=(1+R1/r) * 1.132.Because dropping resistor R1 resistance is very big, the power consumption of voltage monitoring chip is very little, so the power consumption of voltage detector is very little.
In packaging body, controlled compound relay is connected with the nonpolarity electrochemical capacitor that "-" polar end connection of two identical accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitors is formed by the coil of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay, with direct current relay output contact or have the electronic switch of identical function with " double-pole double-throw " output, with this series circuit connect into can controlled input control of Electric potentials and change to this series circuit supplier of electricity to device constitute.The coil of utilization by unicoil formula magnetic latching relay realized control to unicoil formula magnetic latching relay contact to the charge and discharge electric current of electrochemical capacitor.The transistorized base stage of controlled compound relay is joined by the input circuit of resistance capacitance formation and its control input end, and the output of control input end and voltage detector joins.The initial condition of contact before assembling of the unicoil formula magnetic latching relay of controlled compound relay should be disconnection.When the control input end of controlled compound relay was electronegative potential, the direct current relay output contact with " double-pole double-throw " output should be able to make "+" polar end of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay coil and working power "-" polarity input port join.Controlled compound relay keeps the operating state desired power very little except that the certain switch current of needs.The transistorized emitter and collector of the controlled compound relay of route is drawn the outside that a pair of debug terminals is exposed at packaging body.
In packaging body, the energy storage electrochemical capacitor is connected in parallel on working power input store electrical energy, with working power and connect with the magnetic latching relay coil of controlled compound relay and filled electric accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor and provide power switched to reduce the capacity of working power to controlled compound relay.
It is as follows that rectification circuit of the present invention starts the operation principle of protective device in protected circuit: after this device connects working power, by its major loop output port and the common ground port voltage that monitors electrolysis capacitive filter on the major loop always.Voltage owing to the electrochemical capacitor filter during beginning is zero; the voltage detector of this device is output as electronegative potential; its major loop input port and the resistance value between the major loop output port are current-limiting resistance; after the ac main circuit input port of uncontrollable rectification circuit is connected with the mains; its rectification output starts the current-limiting resistance of protective device to the charging of electrochemical capacitor filter by rectification circuit, the voltage on the electrochemical capacitor filter increases gradually.Rectification circuit starts protective device and in a single day finds the setting voltage U of the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter greater than it, and the normal opened contact of its controlled compound relay is connected, and rectification circuit starts the current-limiting resistance of protective device just by short circuit.Uncontrollable rectification circuit continues the electric current of charging and later rated operational current to the electrochemical capacitor filter and is just passed through by the normal opened contact of the controlled compound relay of having connected always.After cutting off the power supply of ac main circuit input of uncontrollable rectification circuit; voltage on the electrochemical capacitor filter descends gradually; when rectification circuit startup protective device finds that the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter is lower than U-Δ U; the normal opened contact of its controlled compound relay is disconnected; current-limiting resistance is sealed in the major loop, get ready for starting next time.Definite principle of setting voltage U is: uncontrollable rectification circuit continues can not make charging current big to burning fuse or making higher level's power source trip to the charging of electrochemical capacitor filter.The value of Δ U starts generation automatically in the protective device by rectification circuit.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 Now has technology to have the uncontrollable rectification circuit and the principle assumption diagram that starts guard method commonly used of electrochemical capacitor filter;
Fig. 2 rectification circuit of the present invention starts coupling method and the schematic diagram of protective device embodiment in having the uncontrollable rectification circuit of electrochemical capacitor filter.
Embodiment
Now further specifies the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with the embodiment of the present invention in having the uncontrollable rectification circuit of electrochemical capacitor filter.
This circuit is with ~ 380V power supply, the rectification of uncontrollable three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier, and specified continuous output current 200A connects fuse at "+" utmost point output of rectification circuit, and the capacitance of the electrochemical capacitor filter that connects behind the fuse is 6800 μ F.The method that technology is arranged An Now; in order to start protection; as Fig. 1 series limiting resistor 300 between "+" polar end of 2 ends of fuse 200 and electrochemical capacitor filter 400; in parallel the normal opened contact of direct current relay ZJ with current-limiting resistance 300; the coil of direct current relay ZJ is connected dropping resistor R0, again this circuit is connected in parallel on two end points of electrochemical capacitor filter 400.The shortcoming of this method illustrates in background technology.
Fig. 2 starts coupling method and the embodiment schematic diagram of protective device 1000 in having the uncontrollable rectification circuit of electrochemical capacitor filter for rectification circuit of the present invention.For rectification circuit starts protective device 1000, it has five external connection end: working power positive polarity input, working power negative polarity input, major loop input, major loop output, common ground end in the dotted line.The common ground end is connected in inside with working power negative polarity input.The main circuit power of ~ 380V is received the input of uncontrollable three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier 100 by threephase cable 101.The positive polarity output terminal 100-1 of uncontrollable three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier 100 receives the first end 200-1 of fuse 200, the second end 200-2 of fuse 200 receives rectification circuit and starts the major loop input of protecting enlarging device 1000, and the major loop output is received the positive ends 400-1 of electrochemical capacitor filter 400 and the positive polarity input 500-1 of translation circuit 500; The negative polarity output 100-2 of uncontrollable three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier 100 receives common ground end, the negative polarity end 400-2 of electrochemical capacitor filter 400 and the negative polarity input 500-2 of translation circuit 500 that rectification circuit starts protective device 1000; Rectification circuit starts the positive polarity input of the working power of protective device 1000 and receives working power+15V by+15V lead-in conductor 1001, working power negative polarity input by ground wire lead-in conductor 1002 receive working power " ".
Five external-connected ports that start protective device 1000 for rectification circuit of the present invention in the dotted line among Fig. 2 are divided into energy storage electrochemical capacitor 1100 with dotted line, voltage detector 1200, controlled compound relay 1300, current-limiting resistance 1,400 four parts now with interior schematic diagram.Energy storage electrochemical capacitor 1100 is connected in parallel on the input store electrical energy of working power, provides power switched to reduce the capacity of working power with working power, forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2 or reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3 when controlled compound relay 1300 switches.
Voltage detector 1200 is by major loop dropping resistor R1; Working power dropping resistor R3, potentiometer R2, filter capacitor C1, electrolytic capacitor filter E1, voltage monitoring chip MAX931, seven components and parts of voltage stabilizing didoe DW1 are formed.Working power dropping resistor R3 and the input that is connected in parallel on working power after voltage stabilizing didoe DW1 connects, the 7th end 7 of being received voltage monitoring chip MAX931 by the cathode terminal DW1-K interface of working power dropping resistor R3 and voltage stabilizing didoe DW1 provides+power supply of 11V for voltage monitoring chip MAX931.First and second end 1,2 of voltage monitoring chip MAX931 connects the back and draws the common ground end that lead 1004 is received rectification circuit startup protective device 1000 by grounding ports.Fourth, fifth, six ends 4,5,6 of voltage monitoring chip MAX931 connect mutually.The 8th end 8 of voltage monitoring chip MAX931 is the output of voltage detector 1200, and its output potential is by the current potential of the major loop output of rectification circuit startup protective device 1000, and just the magnitude of voltage Ud of electrochemical capacitor filter 400 decides.The second end R1-2 of major loop dropping resistor R1 connects lead 1011 by main circuit voltage lead-in conductor 1012, output and connects with the major loop output that rectification circuit starts protective device 1000, and this point is the input of monitored magnitude of voltage Ud; Potentiometer R2 is connected into variable resistor, and the resistance value between its first stiff end R2-1 and second stiff end R2-2 is r, is called setting resistance; With major loop dropping resistor R1 with set resistance r the monitored input signal of the dividing potential drop of setting voltage Ud as the 3rd end 3 of voltage monitoring chip MAX931: second the stiff end R2-2 of the first end R1-1 of major loop dropping resistor R1 and potentiometer R2 and the port TP1-1 that receives the 3rd end 3 Ji Measuring pilot TP1 of voltage monitoring chip MAX931 after the sliding end R2-W of potentiometer R2 connects, first stiff end R2-1 of potentiometer R2 draws the common ground end that lead 1004 is received rectification circuit startup protective device 1000 by earth terminal; Filter capacitor C1, electrolytic capacitor filter E1 are connected in parallel on first stiff end R2-1 of potentiometer R2, second stiff end R2-2.The position that Yi becomes the adjustment screw of potentiometer R2 has become the value of setting resistance r with regard to Yi, and just Yi has become the setting voltage U that controlled compound relay 1300 switches.
If the voltage of electrolytic capacitor filter device 400 is Ud, then the output of voltage detector 1200 is an electronegative potential when Ud＜U=(1+R1/r) * 1.182V, the output of voltage detector 1200 is a high potential when Ud＞U=(1+R1/r) * 1.182V, and the current potential of voltage detector 1200 outputs is low by hypermutation when Ud is dropped to Ud＜U-Δ U=(1+R1/r) * 1.132V by high voltage.Major loop dropping resistor R1=390K Ω in Fig. 2, resistance set point r=1.24K Ω between first stiff end R2-1 of potentiometer R2, second stiff end R2-2 calculates U=373V, (U-Δ U)=357V, the error of its actual value is not more than ± and 5%.Resistance set point r De Measuring pilot TP1 is exposed at the surface of packaging body between first stiff end R2-1 of the adjustment screw of potentiometer R2 and potentiometer R2, second stiff end R2-2.
Controlled compound relay 1300 is by input resistance R4, base resistance R5, relay dropping resistor R6, speed-up capacitor C2, diode D1, DC low-power relay ZJ1, transistor T 1, forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2, reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3, unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2,11 components and parts of debug terminals XJ are formed.DC low-power relay ZJ1 wherein and unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 are good with the movement with not encapsulation.In controlled compound relay 1300: the negative polarity end E3-2 of the negative polarity end E2-2 of forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2, reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3 joins, and the negative polarity end ZJ2--of the positive ends E2-1 of forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2 and unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil joins; The positive ends ZJ2-+ of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil receives the change over contact end ZJ1-9 of first group of output contact 1008 of DC low-power relay ZJ1 by magnetic latching relay coil anode lead 1014; Oppositely the positive ends E3-1 of accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3 receives the change over contact end ZJ1-12 of second group of output contact 1009 of DC low-power relay ZJ1 by reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor anode lead 1016; The cathode terminal D1-K of the first end R6-1, the diode D1 of the normally closed stationary contact ZJ1-4 that often opens stationary contact ZJ1-5, second group of output contact 1009, the relay dropping resistor R6 of first group of output contact 1008 of DC low-power relay ZJ1 receives working power positive polarity input by working power anode lead 1005; The first end R4-1 of the second end XJ-2 that often opens stationary contact ZJ1-8, debug terminals XJ of the normally closed stationary contact ZJ1-1 of first group of output contact 1008 of DC low-power relay ZJ1, second group of output contact 1009, the emitter of transistor T 1, input resistance R4 draws lead 1004 by working power negative terminal lead 1003, earth terminal and receives working power and " bear " polarity input and common ground end; One end ZJ1-13 of the second end R6-2 of relay dropping resistor R6 and the control coil of DC low-power relay ZJ1 joins; The first end XJ-1 of other end ZJ1-14, the debug terminals XJ of the control coil of anode tap D1-A, the DC low-power relay ZJ1 of the collector electrode of transistor T 1 and diode D1 joins; The second end R5-2 end of the second end C2-2, the base resistance R5 of the base stage of transistor T 1 and speed-up capacitor C2 joins; The first end R5-1 of the first end C2-1, the base resistance R5 of speed-up capacitor C2 and the second end R4-2 of input resistance R4 join, the common port that quickens electrochemical capacitor C2, base resistance R5, input resistance R4 is the signal input end of controlled compound relay 1300, with the output of voltage detector 1200, promptly the 8th end 8 of voltage monitoring chip MAX931 joins.The first output ZJ2-1 of the normal opened contact 1006 of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2; the second output ZJ2-2 is exposed at the outside of packaging body; connect lead 1010 is connected lead 1011 and current-limiting resistance 1400 with output the first end 1400-1 by input respectively; second end 1400-2 end joins; first output ZJ2-1 of the normal opened contact 1006 of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 and the first end 1400-1 of current-limiting resistance 1400 also are simultaneously the major loop inputs that rectification circuit starts protective device 1000, and second output ZJ2-2 of the normal opened contact 1006 of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 and the second end 1400-2 of current-limiting resistance 1400 also are the major loop outputs simultaneously.The first end XJ-1 of debug terminals XJ and the second end XJ-2 are exposed at the surface of packaging body.The initial condition of normal opened contact 1006 before assembling of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 is for disconnecting.
The operation principle that rectification circuit of the present invention starts protective device 1000 is as follows: after it connects working power; because the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter 400 is zero; the output of voltage detector 1200 is an electronegative potential; the coil of DC low-power relay ZJ1 does not have; the normally-closed contact of DC low-power relay ZJ1 is still closed, and the positive pole of working power is through working power positive polarity input; the normally closed stationary contact ZJ1-4 of second group of output contact 1009 of DC low-power relay ZJ1; change over contact end ZJ1-12; reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor anode lead 1016; the positive ends E3-1 of reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3; reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3; the negative polarity end E3-2 of reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3; the negative polarity end of forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2; forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2; the positive ends E2-1 of forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2; the negative polarity end ZJ2--of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil; unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil; the positive ends ZJ2-+ of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil; magnetic latching relay coil anode lead 1014; the change over contact end ZJ1-9 of first group of output contact 1008 of DC low-power relay ZJ1; normally closed stationary contact ZJ1-1; working power negative terminal lead 1003; working power negative polarity input arrival working power " " the formation loop.The electric current that working power and electrolytic capacitor filter 1100 are crossed unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil with reverse flow charges to reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3, and this charging current disconnects the normal opened contact 1006 of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2.But because the initial condition of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 normal opened contact 1006 is for disconnecting, so it does not move, and oppositely accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3 has been filled.Major loop input and the resistance value between the major loop output that rectification circuit starts protective device 1000 are current-limiting resistance 1400.Behind the input and ac main circuit power connection of uncontrollable three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier 100; its VD is charged to electrochemical capacitor filter 400 through major loop input, current-limiting resistance 1400, the major loop output that overcurrent fuse 200, rectification circuit start protective device 1000, and charging current is limited by current-limiting resistance 1400.When the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter 400 is elevated to greater than setting voltage U because of charging, voltage detector 1200 output high potentials, make transistor T 1 conducting of controlled compound relay 1300, the coil of DC low-power relay ZJ1 gets electric, the normally opened contact closure of DC low-power relay ZJ1.The positive pole of working power is through working power positive polarity input, first group of output contact 1008 of DC low-power relay ZJ1 often open stationary contact ZJ1-5, change over contact end ZJ1-9, magnetic latching relay coil anode lead 1014, the positive ends ZJ2-+ of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil, unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil, the negative polarity end ZJ2--of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil, the positive ends E2-1 of forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2, forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2, the negative polarity end E2-2 of forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2, the negative polarity end E3-2 of reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3, reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3, the positive ends E3-1 of reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3, reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor anode lead 1016, the change over contact end ZJ1-12 of second group of output contact 1009 of DC low-power relay ZJ1, often open stationary contact ZJ1-8, working power negative terminal lead 1003, working power negative polarity input arrival working power " " the formation loop.Working power, electrolytic capacitor filter 1100 and the voltage that has been filled on the electric reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3 superpose, the electric current of crossing unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil with two times working power voltage positive flow charges to forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2, oppositely accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3 discharge meanwhile, this electric current are connected the normal opened contact 1006 of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2.Normal opened contact 1006 short circuits of the unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 that current-limiting resistance 1400 that rectification circuit starts protective device 1000 has been switched on.The continuation charging current and the later output-current rating of 100 pairs of electrochemical capacitor filters 400 of the uncontrollable rectification circuit of three-phase all flow through this to shunt contact, at this moment the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter 400 is higher, and charging current can not cause that fuse 200 blows or higher level's power source trip.After handle is received the ac main circuit dump of uncontrollable three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier 100; 400 discharges of electrochemical capacitor filter; its voltage descends; when this voltage drops to less than U-Δ U; voltage detector 1200 output electronegative potentials; the coil of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 at this time; forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2; oppositely accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3 and working power constitute the loop situation again with front electrochemical capacitor filter 400 on voltage when being zero situation the same; just forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2 has been filled; working power; electrolytic capacitor filter 1100 and the voltage stack of having been filled on the electric forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2; the electric current of crossing unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 coil with two times working power voltage reverse flow charges to reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3; the electrochemical capacitor of forward accumulation of energy meanwhile E2 discharge; this electric current disconnects the normal opened contact 1006 of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2; major loop input and the resistance value between the major loop output that rectification circuit starts protective device 1000 are again current-limiting resistance 1400, get ready for starting next time.Because forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2, reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E3 do not have electric current to flow through the coil of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2 after discharging and recharging end, have only DC low-power relay ZJ1 to need the very little electric current of keeping, power consumption is very little.Major loop dropping resistor R1 resistance in the voltage detector 1200 is very big, and power consumption is also very little, therefore can be electrolytic capacitor filter 1100, and voltage detector 1200, controlled compound relay 1300 these three parts are packaged together.
The present invention's example main element parameter:
Electrolytic capacitor filter 1100:25V, 3300 μ F major loop dropping resistor R1:390K Ω, 1W, 1%
Potentiometer R2; 2K Ω voltage monitoring chip MAX931: model MAX931
Forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor E2, reverse accumulation of energy E3:35V, 3300 μ F
Voltage-stabiliser tube DW1:11V, 0.5W
DC low-power relay ZJ1: model AGN, coil rating voltage 12V DC; Power consumption 140mW.
Unicoil formula magnetic latching relay ZJ2: model JM-6F-A, coil rating voltage 12V DC
Current-limiting resistance 1400:20 Ω, 100W.
The present invention needs 15 volts of working power voltage direct currents, 2.5 watts of power, operating state holding power＜200 milliwatts.
Packaging body overall dimension of the present invention: 100X110X70 unit is a millimeter.
It is on probation on the intermediate frequency power supply experimental prototype of certain 33KW that the present invention starts protective device 1000, and Da is Dao the effect of phase.It also can be widely used in AC converter, during the startup of the major loop rectification circuit of level power supply is protected before the AC and DC servo-driver, ups power etc.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of rectification circuit starts protective device, it is characterized in that it by energy storage electrochemical capacitor (1100), voltage detector (1200), and controlled compound relay (1300), current-limiting resistance (1400) four parts are formed; Energy storage electrochemical capacitor (1100), voltage detector (1200), controlled compound relay (1300) three partly integrated being packaged together are formed a packaging body; Working power positive polarity input, working power negative polarity input, major loop input, major loop output, common ground end are five external connection end of packaging body; Current-limiting resistance (1400) is in the outside of packaging body, and first end points of current-limiting resistance (1400) connects with the major loop input, second end points of current-limiting resistance (1400) connects with the major loop output; Packaging body also has following three exposed parts:
(1). an adjustment screw of setting resistance r, it is the adjustment screw that is connected into variable-resistance potentiometer (R2) in the voltage detector (1200); First stiff end (R2-1) of potentiometer (R2) and the resistance value between second stiff end (R2-2) are for setting resistance r, first stiff end (R2-1) ground connection of potentiometer (R2), second stiff end (R2-2) of potentiometer (R2) are connected the back and receive the major loop output by major loop dropping resistor (R1) with the sliding end (R2-w) of potentiometer (R2);
(2). a test point (TP1) of setting resistance r, test point (TP1) is the tie point of middle potentiometer (R2) of voltage detector (1200) and major loop dropping resistor (R1), it also with the 3rd end of voltage monitoring chip MAX931, promptly an end of an end of input (3), filter capacitor (C1), electrolytic capacitor filter (E1) connects; Between test point (TP1) and common ground end, can measure the value r that sets resistance, can calculate the setting voltage U that controlled compound relay switches with the r value;
(3). a pair of debug terminals (XJ), debug terminals (XJ) they are to be connected with collector electrode, the emitter of transistor (T1) in the controlled compound relay (1300) and the terminal of drawing; When this device connects working power, to the debugging short-circuit of terminals, no matter why the major loop output is worth the voltage of common ground end, and major loop input of this device and output are connected, and is convenient to protected circuit debugging this;
Rectification circuit starts the major loop of protective device and exports the positive ends (400-1) of termination electrochemical capacitor filter (400) and the positive ends (500-1) of translation circuit (500), the major loop input links to each other the negative polarity output (100-2) of the uncontrollable three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier of common ground termination (100) by fuse (200) with the positive polarity output terminal of uncontrollable three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier (100);
In the rectification circuit start-up course, when the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter (400) is lower than setting voltage U, rectification circuit charges to electrochemical capacitor filter (400) by the current-limiting resistance (1400) that this rectification circuit starts in the protective device, when the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter (400) is higher than setting voltage U, rectification circuit starts protective device automatically current-limiting resistance (1400) short circuit, has finished startup protection process; When the voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter (400) was lower than setting voltage lower limit U-Δ U, the contact disconnection that rectification circuit starts protective device sealed in current-limiting resistance (1400) in the major loop.
2, start protective device according to the said rectification circuit of claim 1; it is characterized in that input that described energy storage electrochemical capacitor (1100) is connected in parallel on working power with store electrical energy, when controlled compound relay (1300) switches with working power, forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor (E2) or oppositely accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor (E3) provide power switched to reduce the capacity of working power.
3, start protective device according to the said rectification circuit of claim 1, it is characterized in that realizing the upward detection of voltage of electrochemical capacitor filter (400) with voltage detector (1200); With the switching of controlled compound relay (1300) realization to current-limiting resistance (1400), the worker that making rectification circuit start protective device needs consumes very little.
4, start protective device according to the said rectification circuit of claim 1, it is characterized in that voltage detector (1200) is by major loop dropping resistor (R1), working power dropping resistor (R3), potentiometer (R2), filter capacitor (C1), electrolytic capacitor filter (E1), voltage monitoring chip MAX931, seven components and parts of voltage stabilizing didoe (DW1) are formed; Potentiometer (R2) is connected into variable resistor, and first stiff end (R2-1) of potentiometer (R2) and the resistance value between second stiff end (R2-2) are r, are called setting resistance; With major loop dropping resistor (R1) with set resistance r the monitored input signal of the dividing potential drop of the magnitude of voltage Ud on the electrochemical capacitor filter (400) as the 3rd end (3) of voltage monitoring chip MAX931; Second end (R1-2) of major loop dropping resistor (R1) connects lead (1011) by main circuit voltage lead-in conductor (1012), output and connects with the major loop output that rectification circuit starts protective device (1000), and the major loop output is the input that monitored electrochemical capacitor filter (400) is gone up voltage; (3) are Ji the port (TP1-1) of Measuring pilot (TP1) with the 3rd end of receiving voltage monitoring chip MAX931 after the sliding end (R1-W) of second stiff end (R1-2) of potentiometer (R2), potentiometer (R2) connects for first end (R1-1) of major loop dropping resistor (R1), first stiff end of potentiometer (R2) is drawn lead (1004) by grounding ports and is received the common ground end that rectification circuit starts protective device (1000); Working power dropping resistor (R3) and the input that is connected in parallel on working power after voltage stabilizing didoe (DW1) is connected, the 7th end (7) of being received voltage monitoring chip MAX931 by the working power dropping resistor (R3) and the interface of the cathode terminal (DW1-K) of voltage stabilizing didoe (DW1) provides+power supply of 11V for voltage monitoring chip MAX931; First end (1) of voltage monitoring chip MAX931, second end (2) connect the back and draw the common ground end that lead (1004) is received rectification circuit startup protective device (1000) by earth terminal; The 4th end (4) of voltage monitoring chip MAX931, five terminal (5), the 6th end (6) connect mutually; Filter capacitor (C1), electrolytic capacitor filter (E1) are connected in parallel between first stiff end (R2-1) and second stiff end (R2-2) of potentiometer (R2); The 8th end (8) end of voltage monitoring chip MAX931 is the output of voltage detector (1200); The adjustment screw of potentiometer (R2) and setting resistance r De Measuring pilot (TP1) are exposed at the surface of packaging body; The position that Yi becomes the adjustment screw of potentiometer (R2) has become the value of setting resistance r with regard to Yi, and just Yi has become the setting voltage U that controlled compound relay (1300) switches.
5, start protective device according to the said rectification circuit of claim 1, it is characterized in that described controlled compound relay (1300) is by input resistance (R4), base resistance (R5), relay dropping resistor (R6), speed-up capacitor (C2), diode (D1), DC low-power relay (ZJ1), transistor (T1), forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor (E2), reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor (E3), unicoil formula magnetic latching relay (ZJ2), debug terminals (XJ) components and parts are formed; In controlled compound relay (1300): " bearing " polar end (E2-2) of forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor (E2), oppositely the negative polarity end (E3-2) of accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor (E3) joins, the negative polarity end (ZJ2--) of the positive ends (E2-1) of forward accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor (E2) and unicoil formula magnetic latching relay (ZJ2) coil joins, and the positive ends (ZJ2-+) of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay (ZJ2) coil is received the change over contact end (ZJ1-9) of first group of output contact (1008) of DC low-power relay (ZJ1) by magnetic latching relay coil anode lead (1014); Oppositely the positive ends (E3-1) of accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor (E3) is received the change over contact end (ZJ1-12) of second group of output contact (1009) of DC low-power relay (ZJ1) by reverse accumulation of energy electrochemical capacitor anode lead (1016); The normally closed stationary contact (ZJ1-4) of second group of output contact (1009) of often opening stationary contact (ZJ1-5), DC low-power relay (ZJ1) of first group of output contact (1008) of DC low-power relay (ZJ1), first end (R6-1) of relay dropping resistor (R6), the cathode terminal (D1-K) of diode (D1) are received working power positive polarity input by working power anode lead (1005); The normally closed stationary contact (ZJ1-1) of first group of output contact (1008) of DC low-power relay (ZJ1), second group of output contact (1009) of DC low-power relay (ZJ1) often open stationary contact (ZJ1-8), second end (XJ-2) of debug terminals (XJ), the emitter of transistor (T1), first end (R4-1) of input resistance (R4) is by working power negative terminal lead (1003), earth terminal is drawn lead (1004) and is received working power negative polarity input and common ground end; Second end (R6-2) of relay dropping resistor (R6) joins with an end (ZJ1-13) of the control coil of DC low-power relay (ZJ1); The other end (ZJ1-14) of the anode tap (D1-A) of the collector electrode of transistor (T1) and diode (D1), the control coil of DC low-power relay (ZJ1), first end (XJ-1) of debug terminals (XJ) join; The base stage of transistor (T1) is joined with second end (C2-2) that quickens electrochemical capacitor (C2), second end (R5-2) of base resistance (R5); Quickening first end (C2-1) of electrochemical capacitor (C2), first end (R5-1) of base resistance (R5) and second end (R4-2) of input resistance (R4) joins, the common port that quickens electrochemical capacitor (C2), base resistance (R5), input resistance (R4) is the signal input end of controlled compound relay (1300), the output of this end and voltage detector (1200), promptly the 8th end (8) of voltage monitoring chip MAX931 joins; First output (ZJ2-1) of the normal opened contact (1006) of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay (ZJ2), second output (ZJ2-2) are exposed at the outside of packaging body, connect lead (1010) is connected lead (1011) and current-limiting resistance (1400) with output first end (1400-1), second end (1400-2) by input respectively and join. First output (ZJ2-1) of the normal opened contact (1006) of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay (ZJ2) also is simultaneously the major loop input that rectification circuit starts protective device (1000), and second output (ZJ2-2) also is simultaneously the major loop output that rectification circuit starts protective device (1000); First end (XJ-1) of debug terminals (XJ) and the end points of second end (XJ-2) are exposed at the surface of packaging body; The initial condition of normal opened contact (1006) before assembling of unicoil formula magnetic latching relay (ZJ2) is for disconnecting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101129647A CN100442621C (en) | 2003-12-29 | 2003-12-29 | A rectifying circuit start-up protector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2003101129647A CN100442621C (en) | 2003-12-29 | 2003-12-29 | A rectifying circuit start-up protector |
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| CN100442621C true CN100442621C (en) | 2008-12-10 |
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| CNB2003101129647A Expired - Fee Related CN100442621C (en) | 2003-12-29 | 2003-12-29 | A rectifying circuit start-up protector |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102623245A (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2012-08-01 | 武汉艾立卡电子有限公司 | Magnetic latching relay control circuit used for switching music signals |
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| BRPI1101387A2 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2013-05-07 | Whirlpool Sa | energy efficiency optimization system and method for application in refrigeration equipment compressors |
| CN203278615U (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2013-11-06 | Abb技术有限公司 | Power module for middle and high voltage inverter and inverter employing same |
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| CN113422352B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-06-21 | 山东建筑大学 | Strong-current switch circuit capable of automatically detecting short-circuit fault |
| CN113363932B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-06-21 | 山东建筑大学 | Series short-circuit fault detection and protection circuit based on electrolytic capacitor |
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| US4019111A (en) * | 1975-05-14 | 1977-04-19 | Introl Corporation | Battery charger with automatic change from current to voltage mode control |
| US5032968A (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1991-07-16 | Toko Kabushiki Kaisha | Switching power source with inrush current limiting circuit |
| CN2485854Y (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-04-10 | 翰林电子(天津)有限公司 | Protector for reserve nickel hydrogen battery in instruments from excessive discharge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102623245A (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2012-08-01 | 武汉艾立卡电子有限公司 | Magnetic latching relay control circuit used for switching music signals |
| CN102623245B (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2014-05-14 | 武汉艾立卡电子有限公司 | Magnetic latching relay control circuit used for switching music signals |
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| CN1635682A (en) | 2005-07-06 |
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