CN100442419C - Permanent magnet mechanism contactor with parallel magnetic path - Google Patents
Permanent magnet mechanism contactor with parallel magnetic path Download PDFInfo
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- CN100442419C CN100442419C CNB2006101049364A CN200610104936A CN100442419C CN 100442419 C CN100442419 C CN 100442419C CN B2006101049364 A CNB2006101049364 A CN B2006101049364A CN 200610104936 A CN200610104936 A CN 200610104936A CN 100442419 C CN100442419 C CN 100442419C
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Abstract
This invention discloses a magnet unit contactor with parallel magnetic circuit, which replaces the magnetic operation unit of an original contactor to a magnet operation unit, in which, the static core of the unit includes a U-static core, a magnet and a magnetic circuit static core, both ends of the static core are fixed with serial excitation coil, the magnet is inserted in the static core, when the structure is at the kept position, it overcomes the absorption force of the counter spring force, which is borne by the electromagnetic absorption and magnet absorption and the contactor is at the closed position, since parallel circuit is applied, flux generated by the serial excitation coil and that generated by the magnet flow through different paths separately, and the serial excitation coil flux passes through the minimum magnetic resistance to save energy of the magnet contactor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the low-voltage electrical apparatus field of equipment for power transmission and distribution, relate to a kind of contactor, particularly a kind of low-power consumption novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor with parallel circuits, this contactor self need not no-voltage protection device is set and possesses the o-volt protection function.
Background technology
The contactor that uses on a large scale in the low-voltage electrical apparatus field at present is generally electromagnetic treadle.Shortcomings such as electromagnetic treadle work the time exists more than the big and contact bounce of noise, particularly when being in the combined floodgate hold mode, electromagnetic operating mechanism need magnet exciting coil to pass to alternating current for a long time, so not only cause very big iron loss and divided magnetic ring loss, make the temperature rise of iron-core coil, cause coil to burn easily, and waste a large amount of electric energy.For a long time, around the work energy consumption that reduces electromagnetic treadle, relevant both at home and abroad scholar has carried out number of research projects.As electromagnetic treadle being carried out intellectuality control
[1]-[2], promptly at the contactor back logical less direct current in magnet exciting coil that closes a floodgate, make electromagnetic attraction that direct current produces greater than the spring counter-force, because it is less to have reduced in coil current and the magnetic circuit magnetic resistance, thereby have certain energy-saving effect.But electromagnetic treadle is realized method for saving energy not in conjunction with the power savings advantages of permanent magnet mechanism, and the electromagnetic attraction that promptly relies on magnet exciting coil to produce at the closing position place fully overcomes the spring counter-force so that contactor keeps "on" position, and does not effectively utilize permanent magnetism suction.Therefore aspect energy-conservation, also has the space of improving.
Because the distinct advantages that permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism had, forefathers did various useful explorations at permanent magnet mechanism contactor
[3]-[4]These are explored mainly based on following a kind of thought, and the electromagnetic operating mechanism that is about to electromagnetic treadle is changed to permanent magnet mechanism, energy consumption and noise pollution when reducing contactor work with this.But these are explored and also have some defectives, the main performance in the following areas:
1, for energy-saving permanent magnet mechanism contactor that forefathers studied; though energy-saving effect is apparent in view; but realize the o-volt protection function owing to need special device; even and if be equipped with special no-voltage protection device; sometimes can not reach the defencive function of decompression disjunction completely, so functional reliability is not high.For example the patent No. is 97220287.0; patent name is the patent of ' the energy-conservation absorption-release device of little consumption '; with the patent No. be 200410017488.5; the patent of patent ' permanent magnet pulse contactor ' by name; though have general characteristics such as permanent magnet mechanism contactor consumption reduction, noiseless; but need special no-voltage protection device to realize the o-volt protection function, not only expend certain cost, also can't reach 100% decompression disjunction.After long-term dead electricity, and the careless closure of contactor artificial origin is when needing disjunction, and because of control circuit does not have energy storage, contactor can't disjunction.
2, have series circuit for forefathers studied and need not the permanent magnet mechanism contactor [5] of o-volt protection; owing to make permanent magnetism suction less than the spring counter-force at the closing position place; another part suction is provided by the electromagnetic attraction that hot-wire coil produces; reduced the electromagnetic force that hot-wire coil provides; has certain energy-saving effect; but the permanent magnet of low magnetic property is to be connected in the magnetic circuit in this structure; make magnetic resistance increase in the magnetic circuit; increased the coil number of ampere turns undoubtedly; increased the excitation energy consumption, energy-saving effect is undesirable.
Below be the list of references that the inventor provides:
[1] Shen Tan, Chen Degui, Feng Tao, the intelligent AC contactor of band FEEDBACK CONTROL, low-voltage electrical apparatus [J] .2005,2:pp.3-10.
[2]Degui?CHEN，Yingyi?LIU，Weixiong?TONG.Dynamic?CharacteristicAnalysis?and?Optimization?for?the?Energy-Saving?and?Bounce-ReducingDouble-Coil?Contactor.IEICE?Trans.on?Electronics[J].2006，E89-c(8)：pp?1218-1226。
[3]Fang?Shuhua，Lin?Heyun.Magnetic?Field?Analysis?and?ControlCircuit?Design?of?Permanent?Magnet?Actuator?for?AC?Contactor.Proceedings?of?the?Eighth?International?Conference?on[J].2005(1)：pp?280-283
[4] Lou Jianyong, flourish life wise man etc., unicoil monostable permanent magnetism type contactor mechanism dynamic characteristic Simulation is analyzed, Proceedings of the CSEE [J] .2004,24 (4): pp120-124.
[5] flourish life wise man, Lou Jianyong, Gao Xiujie, Huang Liyun. permanent magnet mechanism contactor switch-on under-voltage protection and separating brake improve the method for just-off speed, Chinese invention patent, ZL 200510041964.1.
Summary of the invention
Defective or deficiency at above-mentioned existing contactor existence; in order to reduce the contactor operation energy consumption to a greater degree; improve the functional reliability and the properties of product of contactor; the objective of the invention is to; proposition one has the permanent magnet mechanism contactor of parallel circuits; this permanent magnet mechanism contactor does not need no-voltage protection device, self possesses the o-volt protection function, is the novel permanent magnet mechanism contactor of a kind of low-power consumption.
For realizing above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of permanent magnet mechanism contactor with parallel circuits, comprise: permanent magnet 1, regulate air gap 2, static iron core, copper dividing plate 4, moving iron core 6, series excitation coil 7, reaction spring 8, touch spring 9, fixed contact 10, moving contact 11, mould shell 12 and arc control device, mould shell 12 below be fixed with moving unshakable in one's determination 6, moving moulding of 6 two ends unshakable in one's determination is provided with reaction spring 8 in the shell 12, the top of moulding shell 12 is provided with three groups of Direct Action Type bridge contacts, every group of Direct Action Type bridge contact comprises moving contact 11 and fixed contact 10 each two, the cavity internal fixation of moulding shell 12 center upper portion has touch spring 9, it is characterized in that, described static iron core comprises U type static iron core 5, be provided with permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core 3 in the U type static iron core 5, be inlaid with permanent magnet 1 in the permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core 3, the two ends of U type static iron core 5 are fixed with series excitation coil 7, and series excitation coil 7 provides variable direct voltage by power supply 13; Fixedly connected by the copper dividing plate 4 of low permeability between permanent magnet 1, permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core 3 and the U type static iron core 5;
Described permanent magnet 1 is arranged at the top of U type static iron core 5 inside grooves center;
Described copper dividing plate 4 inside are filled with the rubber sheet gasket of non-magnetic;
The top of permanent magnet 1, permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core 3 symmetry axis top are provided with regulates air gap 2.
The novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor with parallel circuits that the present invention proposes has following technical characterstic:
1, during operate as normal, after the contactor closure, respectively produce half electromagnetic attraction by permanent magnet and coil and overcome the spring counter-force, promptly give series excitation coil logical less keep electric current, just can make contactor remain on make position.
2, because the buffer action of low permeability copper dividing plate and non-magnetic rubber sheet gasket, the magnetic flux that magnetic flux that coil produces and permanent magnet the are produced different path of flowing through respectively, both do not disturb mutually.So when contactor was in closing position, it is minimum that the magnetic resistance that series excitation coil magnetic circuit magnetic flux is passed through reaches, the series excitation coil power dissipation also reduces greatly.
3, at closing position since the magnetic attraction that provides of permanent magnet less than the spring counter-force, so the automatic disjunction of contactor is to be driven by spring force to realize when separating brake or decompression; The adjusting air gap that is arranged on the permanent magnet top simultaneously reduces permanent magnetism suction rapidly, has avoided the adverse effect of permanent magnetism suction to moving iron core opening velocity.
Contactor is as a kind of control apparatus that is mainly used in remote and frequent connection and disjunction main circuit, be widely used in power transmission system and chemical industry, metallurgical, in the industrial production such as oil, although every contactor on average consumes energy tens watts, but sum is huge, and the national according to statistics annual electric energy that hundreds of hundred million degree are just arranged is by invisible consumption, thereby the power saving of contactor is a technical problem that is concerned by people always for a long time.In addition, contactor is far longer than the value of contactor itself to the loss that system causes because work is unreliable, and therefore, the functional reliability of contactor becomes a very important index weighing contactor performance quality.The mechanical feature of traditional electromagnetic treadle and permanent magnet mechanism contactor has in the past been merged in the present invention, thereby has distinct more technological merit, and its superiority is mainly reflected in:
1, obvious energy-saving effect more: after the contactor closure, because permanent magnet and series excitation coil respectively produce the electromagnetic attraction that is used to overcome the spring counter-force of half, the magnetic flux that produces of the magnetic flux that produces of series excitation coil and the permanent magnet different path of flowing through respectively simultaneously, it is minimum that the magnetic resistance that the coil magnetic circuit magnetic flux is passed through reaches, therefore give series excitation coil logical less keep electric current, just can make contactor remain on make position, greatly reduce series excitation coil power dissipation and operating noise, reduced environmental pollution;
2, higher fail safe: because the magnetic attraction that is provided by permanent magnet in make position is less than the spring counter-force, therefore contactor can automatic disjunction when separating brake or decompression, thereby need not to have the o-volt protection function for contactor provides special no-voltage protection device; And the adjusting air gap that is arranged on permanent magnet top reduces permanent magnetism suction rapidly, avoided the adverse effect of permanent magnetism suction to moving iron core opening velocity.In addition, only give the series excitation coil a logical less electric current after the closure, the suction that closes that is produced by permanent magnet and coil keeps in touch the device closure, and voltage ripple of power network is little to the influence of contactor closure state.
3, higher economic value: for electromagnetic treadle with same energy-saving effect, because should guarantee that electric current that coil passes through is little makes the reliable adhesive of contactor again, and there is not permanent magnet to bear a part of suction of generation, so for realizing energy-conservation its coil turn that can only increase, therefore compare with this electromagnetic treadle with same energy-saving effect, coil turn of the present invention has reduced, and has effectively reduced the amount of copper consuming of coil, has reduced cost.
4, because energy-conservation back contactor caloric value is few, therefore help to realize the miniaturization of contactor, reduce material consumption.
5, because having adhesive, energy-saving permanent-magnet mechanism contactor in the past do not keep electric current, so need give the coil reduction of fractions to a common denominator outage stream during separating brake to realize disjunction, and existing a large amount of electromagnetic treadle coil blackout that uses can be realized separating brake, therefore with respect in the past permanent magnet mechanism contactor, the present invention is driven by spring force to realize, need not to pass to breaking current to coil, its electric logic is with the electromagnetic treadle unanimity, mates with existing system therefore easilier.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor construction sketch, and the label among the figure represents that respectively 1 is permanent magnet, 2 for regulating air gap, and 3 is the permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core, and 4 is the copper dividing plate, 5 is U type static iron core, and 6 are moving iron core, and 7 is the series excitation coil, 8 is reaction spring, 9 is touch spring, and 10 is fixed contact, and 11 is moving contact, 12 for moulding shell, and 13 is dc power supply;
Fig. 2 is a permanent magnet mechanism contactor gate-dividing state permanent magnet magnetic flux schematic diagram shown in Figure 1; φ wherein
M1Be the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces, φ
M2Magnetic flux for the coil current generation;
Fig. 3 is permanent magnet mechanism contactor making process coil current magnetic flux shown in Figure 1 and permanent magnet magnetic flux schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is permanent magnet mechanism contactor hold mode coil current magnetic flux shown in Figure 1 and permanent magnet magnetic flux schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is a permanent magnet mechanism contactor separating brake process permanent magnet magnetic flux schematic diagram shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 6 is permanent magnet mechanism contactor electromagnetic attraction shown in Figure 1 and spring spring load characteristic figure, combined floodgate electromagnetic attraction curve 1 is that contactor is to finish the electromagnetic force that making process needs among the figure, it is contactor the making a concerted effort of required electromagnetic attraction and permanent magnetism suction when being in the combined floodgate hold mode that closing position keeps suction curve 2, and counter-force curve 3 is a contactor spring counter-force;
Fig. 7 is permanent magnet mechanism contactor making process permanent magnetism pull characteristics figure shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 8 is an iron core racking test comparison diagram as a result, and wherein curve 1 is the displacement of permanent magnet mechanism contactor separating brake process iron core, and curve 2 is the displacements of former electromagnetic mechanism contactor separating brake process iron core.
Fig. 9 is permanent magnet mechanism contactor coil control voltage shown in Figure 1 and iron core displacement relation figure, and curve 1 is a coil voltage among the figure, and curve 2 is the iron core displacement;
Below in conjunction with the embodiment that the principle and the inventor of accompanying drawing and technical scheme provides, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
1. technical scheme general thought
Reducing contactor work can power consumption be the important goal that contactor is studied with improving the contactor functional reliability always.Up to the present, no matter be traditional electromagnetic treadle or present existing permanent magnetism type contactor, all there is not this proposition of satisfactory solution.Design philosophy of the present invention is to propose a kind of novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor with parallel circuits, to realize the energy-conservation of permanent magnet mechanism contactor and to need not no-voltage protection device and have the function of o-volt protection.
1) have the novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor of parallel circuits:
Develop at present that to be used for energy-conservation permanent magnet mechanism contactor kind a lot; but, energy-saving permanent-magnet mechanism contactor in the past do not keep electric current because having adhesive; realize disjunction so need pass to breaking current to coil during separating brake; and the outage of existing a large amount of electromagnetic treadle coils that use is all adopted by spring driving realization separating brake; because it is inconsistent that spring and coil pass to the electric logic of breaking current; therefore possess the o-volt protection function and need not no-voltage protection device, the permanent magnet mechanism contactor that electric logical AND electromagnetic mechanism contactor is also identical is very rare simultaneously.
What the present invention adopted is the version of U type solenoid and single permanent magnet, can make coil flux and permanent magnet magnetic flux form the loop of two parallel connections like this.The series excitation coil distribution is in the magnetostatic core of U type both ends, and permanent magnet is positioned at the top of U type static iron core inside grooves center.For reducing the magnetic resistance of permanent magnet work magnetic circuit, increase the suction of permanent magnet to moving iron core, permanent magnet is embedded in (material is No. 10 steel) in the permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core.Do not disturb mutually with coil generation magnetic flux for making permanent magnet produce magnetic flux, isolate and be connected with the copper dividing plate of low permeability and the rubber sheet gasket of non-magnetic between U type static iron core and permanent magnet, the permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core.Locate when contactor is in the combined floodgate holding position, the suction that overcomes the spring counter-force is respectively born half by electromagnetic attraction and permanent magnetism suction.For avoiding the adverse effect of permanent magnetism suction to moving iron core opening velocity, above permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core symmetry axis, be provided with the adjusting air gap, along with the increase of separating brake working gas gap, permanent magnetism suction will reduce rapidly.
2) permanent magnetism type contactor utilizes the method for parallel circuits structure energy-saving:
In the middle of contactor research at present, many enterprises and colleges and universities are in order to obtain to have the energy-saving contactor of energy-saving effect and market prospects preferably, done a large amount of work, and the contactor of some kind has entered industrial-scale production really, enter the selling market, obtained certain economic benefits.
But,, still exist some shortcomings even if these energy-saving contactors that come into the market comprise some other energy-saving contactor of developing.At first; for the energy-saving permanent magnet mechanism contactor that forefathers studied; though energy-saving effect is apparent in view; but realize the o-volt protection function owing to need special device; even and if be equipped with special no-voltage protection device; sometimes can not reach the defencive function of decompression disjunction completely, so functional reliability is not high.Secondly; have series circuit for forefathers studied and need not the permanent magnet mechanism contactor of o-volt protection; owing to make permanent magnetism suction less than the spring counter-force at the closing position place; another part suction is provided by the electromagnetic attraction that hot-wire coil produces; reduced the electromagnetic force that hot-wire coil provides; has certain energy-saving effect; but the permanent magnet of low magnetic property is to be connected in the magnetic circuit in this structure; make magnetic resistance increase in the magnetic circuit; increased coil turn undoubtedly; increased the excitation energy consumption, energy-saving effect is undesirable.At last, for the energy-saving type electromagnetic treadle, it is energy-conservation by coil being carried out the Based Intelligent Control realization, promptly after closing a floodgate, contactor in magnet exciting coil, leads to less direct current, make electromagnetic attraction that direct current produces greater than the spring counter-force, because it is less to have reduced in coil current and the magnetic circuit magnetic resistance, thereby has certain energy-saving effect.But electromagnetic treadle is realized method for saving energy not in conjunction with the power savings advantages of permanent magnet mechanism, and the electromagnetic attraction that promptly relies on magnet exciting coil to produce at the closing position place fully overcomes the spring counter-force so that contactor keeps "on" position, and does not effectively utilize permanent magnetism suction.Therefore aspect energy-conservation, also has the space of improving.
Comprehensive above consideration the present invention proposes permanent magnetism type contactor and utilizes the energy-conservation structural design of parallel circuits.When the contactor of this structure is in closing position, respectively bear half owing to overcome the electromagnetic attraction that the spring counter-force produces permanent magnetism suction that suction that contactor keeps hold mode produces by permanent magnet and coil.The different path because the magnetic flux that magnetic flux that coil produces and permanent magnet produce is flowed through respectively, both do not disturb mutually.Therefore the magnetic resistance that passed through of coil magnetic circuit magnetic flux reaches minimum, realizes the energy-conservation of permanent magnetism type contactor greatly.Table 1 is the contrast of present various contactor energy-saving modes.
Table 1
2. structure and operation principle thereof
1) have the realization of the novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor of parallel circuits:
Fig. 1 is a novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor construction sketch.According to technical scheme of the present invention, at first the electromagnetic operating mechanism with original A.C. contactor replaces with permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism, keeps former A.C. contactor arc extinguishing structure simultaneously, realizes that the concrete structure of contactor is as follows:
This permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism comprises moulds shell 12, its static iron core comprises U type static iron core 5, respectively one of permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core 3, U type static iron core 5 two ends are fixed with series excitation coil 7, permanent magnet 1 is embedded in the permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core 3, permanent magnet 1, between permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core 3 and the U type static iron core 5 fixedlyed connected by the copper dividing plate 4 of low permeability in the outside, copper dividing plate 4 inner rubber sheet gaskets of filling non-magnetic, above permanent magnet 1, permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core 3 symmetry axis places are provided with and regulate air gap 2, the moving iron core 6 of permanent magnet mechanism is fixed on to be moulded in the shell 12,12 tops of moulding shell are provided with three groups of double break points on every side, the Direct Action Type bridge contact, every group of bridge contact has moving contact 11 and fixed contact 10 each two, touch spring 9 is fixed in the cavity of moulding shell 12 center upper portion, and reaction spring 8 is arranged at moulding in the shell 12 of moving iron core 6 two ends.
Adopt novel permanent magnetic provided by the invention mechanism contactor, the back coil low-power consumption and need not special no-voltage protection device of can realizing closing a floodgate, and have the o-volt protection function.
Above-mentioned permanent magnet mechanism contactor contactor with parallel circuits, its operation principle is as described below.
When contactor is in the separating brake position, as shown in Figure 2, the working gas gap between dynamic and static iron core is maximum, and no current flows through in the series excitation coil 7 simultaneously, this moment, spring force made contactor remain on the separating brake position because the electromagnetic attraction to moving iron core 6 that permanent magnet 1 produces is very little.After contactor receives switching signal, as shown in Figure 3, the series excitation coil leads to switching current, the magnetic flux path of the magnetic flux that series excitation coil 7 electric currents produce by constituting by moving iron core 6, working gas gap, fixed core and series excitation coil 7, moving unshakable in one's determination 6 are subjected to downward electromagnetic attraction, when downward power of making a concerted effort greater than reaction spring 8 that moving unshakable in one's determination 6 are subjected to, contactor begins to move down.In most of stage of making process, 1 pair of moving unshakable in one's determination 6 suction that produce of permanent magnet are less, and mainly under the effect of the electromagnetic attraction that series excitation coil 7 produces, contactor is finished making process.After contactor arrives the holding position, as shown in Figure 4, making a concerted effort of the electromagnetic force that produces of permanent magnetism suction that produces by permanent magnet 1 and series excitation coil 7, make contactor keep hold mode herein.The different path because the magnetic flux that magnetic flux that series excitation coil 7 produces and permanent magnet 1 produce is flowed through respectively, both do not disturb mutually.Therefore the magnetic resistance that passed through of series excitation coil 7 magnetic circuit magnetic fluxs reaches minimum, and series excitation coil 7 power consumptions are less.When breaking signal was come, as shown in Figure 5, series excitation coil 7 electric currents were cut off, only produce electromagnetic force by 1 pair moving unshakable in one's determination 6 of permanent magnet this moment, the electromagnetic force that permanent magnet 6 produces is less than the counter-force of reaction spring, and under the driving of reaction spring 8, contactor is finished the separating brake process.
2) permanent magnetism type contactor utilizes the realization of the method for parallel circuits structure energy-saving
In conjunction with Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 9, utilize the realization of parallel circuits structure energy-saving to carry out following detailed description to of the present invention.Fig. 6 is the spring load characteristic figure of permanent magnet mechanism contactor electromagnetic attraction shown in Figure 1 and reaction spring.Fig. 7 is permanent magnet mechanism contactor making process permanent magnetism pull characteristics figure shown in Figure 1; As shown in Figure 7, in most of stage of making process, moving unshakable in one's determination 6 suction that produce of 1 pair of permanent magnet are less, so the making process of contactor is mainly finished under the effect of the electromagnetic attraction of series excitation coil 7 generations.When contactor is in the combined floodgate holding position, permanent magnet can produce half suction that becomes to be used to overcome reaction spring 8, second half is then provided by the electromagnetic attraction that series excitation coil 7 produces, keep shown in the pull characteristics as closing position among Fig. 6, required electromagnetic attraction and permanent magnetism suction made a concerted effort when this suction represented that contactor is in the combined floodgate hold mode.Combined floodgate electromagnetic attraction when keeping suction to be in closing position (being the minimum place of working gas gap) as can be seen from Figure owing to closing a floodgate less than the making process contactor, the required electromagnetic force numerical value that provides of series excitation coil 7 magnetic circuits has reduced, so only need series excitation coil 7 logical less keep electric current, just can make contactor remain on make position.Realize the change of electromagnetic attraction, mainly be the control voltage of contactor is regulated.Fig. 9 is contactor coil control voltage and iron core displacement relation figure, passing to high direct voltage for series excitation coil 7 at the contactor making process moves contactor to finish the motion of closing a floodgate under bigger electromagnetic attraction effect, shown in iron core displacement curve among Fig. 9, contactor becomes closing position from the separating brake position.After this control voltage and will reduce to a low-voltage and offer series excitation coil 7, make iron core 6 obtain a less electromagnetic attraction.Moving iron core 6 is subjected to the counter-force of making a concerted effort to overcome reaction spring of this electromagnetic attraction and permanent magnetism suction to make the parallel circuits permanent magnet mechanism contactor remain on "on" position.
3) regulate the realization of air gap to permanent magnetism power regulating action
The novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor with parallel circuits that the present invention proposes also has the o-volt protection function and need not no-voltage protection device except that energy-conservation.Its principle is, because the magnetic attraction that permanent magnet 1 provides when closing position is less than the counter-force of reaction spring 8, so drives the automatic disjunction that realizes contactor by spring force when separating brake or decompression.Yet in the separating brake process, permanent magnet 1 suction plays inhibition to the separating brake of moving iron core 6, can reduce moving iron core 6 opening velocities, in order to avoid permanent magnetism suction as far as possible to moving iron core 6 opening velocities influence, in the permanent magnetic circuit of permanent magnet mechanism contactor, be provided with and regulate air gap 2, transfer the characteristic of 2 whole permanent magnet 1 suction by regulating air gap, make that permanent magnetism suction is bigger in closed position, increase along with the separating brake working gas gap, permanent magnet 1 suction reduces rapidly, thereby both realized the energy-conservation of contactor, the unfavorable aspect that can as far as possible avoid the contactor opening velocity to reduce again.
Propose to utilize the adjusting air gap that following detailed description is carried out in the realization of permanent magnetism power regulating action in conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 to the present invention.The magnetic flux φ that produces by the permanent magnet 1 shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5
M1As can be known, permanent magnet 1, working gas gap, moving iron core 6 and static iron core constitute the main work loop of permanent magnetic circuit, permanent magnet 1, the adjusting magnetic shunt of regulating air gap 2 and static iron core formation permanent magnetic circuit.At closing position, as shown in Figure 4, working gas gap is very little between dynamic and static iron core, about 0.1mm, and the adjusting air gap 2 of regulating magnetic circuit is bigger, 1～2mm is arranged approximately, and the magnetic flux major part that permanent magnet 1 produces is by in the main work magnetic circuit that is made of permanent magnet 1, working gas gap, moving iron core 6 and static iron core, and this moment, moving iron core 6 suction reached maximum.Along with breaking course carries out, as shown in Figure 5, working gas gap increases, the magnetic flux major part that permanent magnet 1 produces is by in the adjusting magnetic shunt that is made of permanent magnet 1, adjusting air gap 2 and static iron core, moving iron core 6 stressed rapid minimizings influence the contactor opening velocity thereby at utmost reduce permanent magnetism suction.Fig. 7 is that permanent magnetism suction and working gas gap concern schematic diagram, and moving iron core 6 suffered permanent magnetism suction sharply increase when working gas gap reduces gradually as seen from the figure.Fig. 8 is a permanent magnet mechanism contactor separating brake process shown in Figure 1 iron core displacement and former electromagnetic mechanism contactor separating brake process iron core racking test comparison diagram as a result.Because the permanent-magnet structure contactor is transformed on former electromagnetic mechanism contactor basis, so the overtravel of two kinds of contactors is 3.4mm.As shown in the figure, the thought of utilizing differential as can be known, two kinds of contactors disjunction just constantly and iron core move to overtravel breaking speed constantly and be more or less the same, even the breaking speed of the moving iron core of novel permanent magnetic mechanism also is slightly larger than the breaking speed of the moving iron core of former electromagnetic mechanism.Illustrate that regulating air gap 2 has effectively avoided the adverse effect of permanent magnetism suction to the contactor separating brake.
3. embodiment
The inventor is on A.C. contactor CDC17-265 basis, original electromagnetic operating mechanism is replaced with improved permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism shown in the present, the contact, arc extinguishing structure and the shell that keep former A.C. contactor CDC17-265 simultaneously are constant, have invented the novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor with parallel circuits.This permanent magnet mechanism contactor comprises as shown in Figure 1: permanent magnet 1, regulate air gap 2, and permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core 3, copper dividing plate 4, U type static iron core 5, moving iron core 6, series excitation coil 7, reaction spring 8, touch spring 9, fixed contact 10, moving contact 11 is moulded shell 12.Experiment shows that during the permanent magnet mechanism contactor operation, economize on electricity is more than 93%, and o-volt protection release reliability reaches 100%.Greatly reduce contactor work energy consumption and improved the contactor functional reliability.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of permanent magnet mechanism contactor with parallel circuits, comprise: permanent magnet (1), regulate air gap (2), static iron core, copper dividing plate (4), moving iron core (6), series excitation coil (7), reaction spring (8), touch spring (9), fixed contact (10), moving contact (11), mould shell (12) and arc control device, be fixed with in the below of moulding shell (12) moving (6) unshakable in one's determination, moving moulding of (6) two ends unshakable in one's determination is provided with reaction spring (8) in the shell (12), the top of moulding shell (12) is provided with three groups of Direct Action Type bridge contacts, every group of Direct Action Type bridge contact comprises each two of moving contact (11) and fixed contacts (10), the cavity internal fixation of moulding shell (12) center upper portion has touch spring (9), it is characterized in that, described static iron core comprises U type static iron core (5), be provided with permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core (3) in the U type static iron core (5), be inlaid with permanent magnet (1) in the permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core (3), the two ends of U type static iron core (5) are fixed with series excitation coil (7), and series excitation coil (7) provides variable direct voltage by power supply (13); Fixedly connected by the copper dividing plate (4) of low permeability between permanent magnet (1), permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core (3) and the U type static iron core (5).
2, the permanent magnet mechanism contactor with parallel circuits as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described permanent magnet (1) is arranged at the top of U type static iron core (5) inside grooves center.
3, the permanent magnet mechanism contactor with parallel circuits as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described copper dividing plate (4) inside is filled with the rubber sheet gasket of non-magnetic.
4, the novel permanent magnetic mechanism contactor with parallel circuits according to claim 1 is characterized in that the top of permanent magnet (1), and permanent magnet magnetic circuit static iron core (3) symmetry axis top is provided with regulates air gap (2).
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101202181B (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2010-08-11 | 东南大学 | Permanent magnetism contactor operation mechanism |
| CN102176393B (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2013-12-11 | 西安交通大学 | Adaptive alternating current/direct current universal electromagnetic mechanism with permanent magnet |
| CN104851749A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-19 | 温州大学 | Permanent magnetic contactor with switching-off protection function |
| CN106057602B (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2018-05-15 | 李蕊名 | A kind of constructional device for improving contact breaking capacity |
| CN108010802A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-08 | 行驱电气（上海）有限公司 | The electromagnetic system and magnetic latching relay of a kind of magnetic latching relay |
| CN108832422A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-11-16 | 金成� | The dedicated permanent-magnet manipulating mechanism of power outlet and power outlet |
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| CN1200443C (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2005-05-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method for reducing contact material loss of double-coiled bistable permanent-magnet mechanism contactor |
| CN1272819C (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2006-08-30 | 西安交通大学 | Method for switch-on under-voltage protection and switch-off raising just-off speed of permanent magnetic mechanism contactor |
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| CN1200443C (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2005-05-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method for reducing contact material loss of double-coiled bistable permanent-magnet mechanism contactor |
| US6831535B1 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2004-12-14 | China Patent Investment Limited | Bistable electromagnetic relay |
| CN1272819C (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2006-08-30 | 西安交通大学 | Method for switch-on under-voltage protection and switch-off raising just-off speed of permanent magnetic mechanism contactor |
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| CN1988093A (en) | 2007-06-27 |
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Assignee: Zhenjiang Chengxiang Electrical Appliance Co., Ltd. Assignor: Xi'an Jiaotong University Contract fulfillment period: 2008.12.25 to 2013.12.25 contract change Contract record no.: 2009320000441 Denomination of invention: Permanent magnet mechanism contactor with parallel magnetic path Granted publication date: 20081210 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.3.19 |
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