CN100442090C - Color correcting polarizer - Google Patents
Color correcting polarizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN100442090C CN100442090C CNB200480002603XA CN200480002603A CN100442090C CN 100442090 C CN100442090 C CN 100442090C CN B200480002603X A CNB200480002603X A CN B200480002603XA CN 200480002603 A CN200480002603 A CN 200480002603A CN 100442090 C CN100442090 C CN 100442090C
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Abstract
A color-correcting polarizer is provided comprising a polarizer layer and at least one discotic film layer. The discotic film layer is optically transparent within the range of visible wavelength. The discotic film layer works as a polarizer in the wavelength ranges at least from 380 to 500 nm and/or from 600 to 780 nm. A liquid crystal cell comprising the color correcting polarizer is also disclosed.
Description
Related application
The application requires the interests and the right of priority of No. the 10/465th, 083, the U. S. application of No. the 60/442nd, 440, U.S. Provisional Application submitting on January 24th, 2003 and submission on June 18th, 2003, and the content of its disclosure is for your guidance incorporated herein.
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to LCD, relate in particular to LCD with color correcting polarizer.
Background technology
Most of LCD all can run into significantly in sensorial colour errors.The spectral selectivity of liquid crystal layer is to cause one of reason that wrong color rendition and gray scale are painted in LCD.
The operation of LCD principle needs a kind of polarizer.The function of this polarizer is by preferred polarization direction optionally transmission or reflected light.The nonpolarized light of transmission by linear polarization (or by linear polarization reflection) has the polarization direction with the axis of homology conllinear of so-called polarizer.
The characteristics of the polarization capacity of linear polarization are the dichroic ratio.In fact, the fraction polarization vector can transmission pass through polarizer perpendicular to the light of the axis of homology.Therefore, horizontal absorption coefficient (k
⊥) have a higher but limited value.The light that the fraction polarization vector is parallel to the axis of homology can be absorbed by polarizer, thereby vertical absorption coefficient (k
‖) have a less relatively nonzero value.The dichroic ratio is defined as:
K
d＝k
⊥/k
‖ (1)
High dichroic is than being meant that transmission passes through the polarization of higher degree of the light of polarizer.
Another key property of polarizer is the spectrum dependence of dichroic ratio.Horizontal and vertical absorption coefficient depends on light wavelength.Therefore, the dichroic ratio also is that wavelength is relevant.This dependence is presented on the painted white light that originally passes through polarizer itself.The sample transmitted spectrum of the typical polarizer of two square crossings is shown among Fig. 1.This transmitted spectrum demonstrates the spectrum that increases gradually that is lower than about 550nm and leaks, and increases sharply in the long wavelength's leakage that is higher than about 680nm.These leakages cause the obviously painted of polarizer.Yet, should be noted that people's visual system is extremely low to the sensitivity of 680nm and above wavelength, and the majority of illumination source that is used for LCDs has minimum intensity in this zone.Therefore, because the painted main source that the polarizer leakage causes is the short wavelength zone.
Described painted can occurring in the dissimilar polarizers.Colouring value depends on the particular type of polarizer, but remains tangible for human eye.The transmitted spectrum that is shown in Fig. 1 is the feature of iodo polarizer.Because its higher relatively dichroic ratio, these iodo polarizers are widely used in LCD.The polarizer that comprises the other types of dichroic dyestuff base polarizer also is easy to take place painted.
Described polarizer is painted to be one of painted reason of liquid crystal cell.The value of colour errors and tonal variation and conspicuousness will change with the particular optical structure and the display application occasion of liquid crystal cell.In some cases, the user of low-cost monochromatic liquid crystal display even can allow relatively large colour errors and tonal variation.Yet, for general colour liquid crystal display device, especially for high-performance, panchromatic active matrix liquid crystal display panel (AMLCD), the user begins requirement, and it has and suitable color accuracy and the level of stability of high-quality colour cathode-ray tube display in current TV and computer workstation monitor.The high-caliber liquid crystal cell color performance of this appointment need be eliminated in fact all colour errors and tonal variation, comprise by polarizer cause painted.
Especially, the colour errors of liquid crystal cell and the origin of tonal variation are attributable to two main causes: the displacement of spectral transmission peak or reflection peak, it is from the effective birefringent variation of liquid crystal layer and the phase delay between the polarized component, and in actual Polarization Control film as mentioned above for polarizer painted like that and the departing from of desired polarization performance.Preponderating on high gray scale rank usually in first source of colour errors, and often can control effectively by the birefringence and/or the thickness that reduce liquid crystal layer.In contrast, the relevant painted of polarizer preponderated on low gray scale rank, and exists up to the black-level of display.
Therefore, wish to have simple, the Polarization-Sensitive look that can be applied to polarizer and liquid crystal cell to proofread and correct.It would also be desirable to provide the look bearing calibration that has the high grade of transparency at visible wavelength region, in order to keep the high grade of transparency of polarizer or liquid crystal cell.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide polarizer and LCD with good color rendition and gray-scale rendition.
Another object of the present invention provides has positive polarizer of color shift whole school and LCD.
Other purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the known polarizer of the system with trouble and complicated color and gray correction and the shortcoming of LCD.
These and other purposes realize that by color correcting polarizer of the present invention it comprises layer of polarizer and at least one dish type (discotic) thin layer.This disc-shaped film layer is optically transparent in visible wavelength range.The effect of this disc-shaped film layer polarizing plate in being at least 380 to 500nm and/or 600 to 780nm wavelength coverage.
In a specific embodiment, provide a kind of liquid crystal cell that comprises color correcting polarizer.This liquid crystal cell comprises front panel, rear panel, is placed on liquid crystal and color correcting polarizer between front panel and the rear panel.This color correcting polarizer comprises at least one layer of polarizer and at least one disc-shaped film layer.This disc-shaped film layer is optically transparent in visible wavelength range, and the effect of polarizing plate in being at least 380 to 500nm and/or 600 to 780nm wavelength coverage.
Description of drawings
When having read according to the detailed description of hereinafter carrying out in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, can more be expressly understood the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the transmitted spectrum of a pair of typical iodo sheet polarizers, and wherein the axis of homology is with 90 ° of intersections;
Fig. 2 simply shows the essential structure of color correcting polarizer film, and it comprises according to the polarizer of a specific embodiment of the present invention and look proofreaies and correct disc-shaped film;
Fig. 3 simply shows the color correcting polarizer according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises the disc-shaped film layer, is placed on adhesive phase and substrate layer on the disc-shaped film layer;
Fig. 4 simply shows the color correcting polarizer according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises disc-shaped film layer, substrate layer and is placed on adhesive phase on the substrate layer;
Fig. 5 simply shows the color correcting polarizer according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, and it is included in anti-dazzle (or antiglare) coating on the disc-shaped film layer;
Fig. 6 simply shows the color correcting polarizer according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, and it is included in the protective seam at disc-shaped film layer top;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of a reference example of colour liquid crystal display device structure, does not wherein have color correcting polarizer of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of an example of colour liquid crystal display device structure, wherein has the color correcting polarizer of a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 be disc-shaped film for perpendicular to the sample transmitted spectrum of the polarized light of the axis of homology orientation that is parallel to this film;
Figure 10 A is CIE 1976 figure of reference example colour liquid crystal display device as shown in Figure 7, does not wherein have color correcting polarizer of the present invention;
Figure 10 B is CIE 1976 figure of colour liquid crystal display device as shown in Figure 8, wherein has color correcting polarizer of the present invention;
Figure 11 is data and curves figure, and it has illustrated the neutral point chroma offset of the colour liquid crystal display device that reference and look are proofreaied and correct on CIE 1976 figure; And
Colour differences such as Figure 12 is contour (profile) line chart, it shows the difference that the angle colourity between reference and the look correcting color LCD changes, and JNDs represents with colourity.
Embodiment
The invention provides dish type dye film primary colours correcting polarizer, it can be used for TFT display and LCD (LCDs), such as twisted nematic (TN) LCDs, homeotropic alignment (VA) LCDs, plane conversion (IPS) LCDs and Passive LC Ds.
Dish type dye-based film is the potential device that look is proofreaied and correct that is applicable to.Dye substance is used for look correction purpose and knows in the present technique field.For effective look is proofreaied and correct the LCDs of most of types, the combination of significant need look correcting feature and polarization capacity, this is because the common and specific polarization state of colour errors interrelates.In addition, most disc-shaped film has higher relatively polarization characteristic in the angle of squint.These characteristics are very important, because become more obvious at the oblique angle colour deficient relevant with polarizer.In addition, disc-shaped film has delay performance usually.
As at United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 739, No. 296 and the 6th, 049, described in No. 428, use thin crystal film (TCF) polarizer can obtain the look correction effect, the content that they are disclosed is incorporated herein by reference.Can have less thickness and special performances available from the TCF polarizer of Optiva company (South SanFrancisco California), comprise high anisotropy with respect to the high thermal resistance of temperature variation and thermal stability, refractive index, absorption coefficient anisotropy, have the single very axis of homology and two ordinary absorption axes E type optical characteristics, the high polarization property at oblique angle, bigger dichroic than and simple manufacture process.These polarizers can be made by the dish type material.
Color correcting polarizer of the present invention comprises first layer of polarizer and the second disc-shaped film layer with imperfect colour gamut (color gamut).The effect of this disc-shaped film layer polarizing plate in 380 to 500nm and/or 600 to 780nm wavelength coverage.This disc-shaped film layer is optically transparent in visible wavelength range.
Color correcting polarizer can be used for liquid crystal cell or be used to comprise the LCD of liquid crystal cell.This color correcting polarizer can carry out colour gamut and gray correction at normal visual angle and angle of squint.
Liquid crystal cell of the present invention comprises a plurality of layers, comprises layer of polarizer and at least one disc-shaped film layer.The effect of this disc-shaped film layer polarizing plate in being at least 380 to 500nm and/or 600 to 780nm wavelength coverage.Technological merit of the present invention is to carry out the correction of colour gamut at the normal angle of liquid crystal cell and oblique angle.The present invention can be used for the black and white state of liquid crystal cell and the correction of any grey states.The present invention goes back the color rendition of correcting polarizer.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, liquid crystal cell comprises at least one layer of polarizer and at least one other disc-shaped film layer of polarizer, its effect of polarizing plate in the total visible light wavelength coverage together, and have such spectral transmission, its in addition optimization be used for specific LCD so that the white or any grey states of the black of correcting liquid crystal box.That this optimization relates to is backlight, color filter, liquid crystal cell and other layers characteristic.The purpose of this optimization procedure is in order to have the bonding properties of polaroid and look calbrating film in one deck, so that make LCD have more uncomplicated and thinner structure.The effect of disc-shaped film layer of polarizer polarizing plate in all visible wavelength ranges of this specific embodiment, and 380 to 500nm and/or in 600 to 780nm wavelength coverage, also have predetermined absorption peak.
Other sandwich constructions also are possible, and it provides the various combination of at least one disc-shaped film polaroid (it plays the wideband polarization sheet in the total visible light wavelength region may) and one or more disc-shaped film polaroid (with its adding so that at certain specific region correction thin film of showing signs of anger).
The disc-shaped film layer of polarizer can be arranged on the inside or the outside of liquid crystal cell.Have the colourity that the disc-shaped film layer of polarizer of the axis of homology that is parallel to analyzer can be proofreaied and correct black state, and one has the colourity that can proofread and correct white states perpendicular to the disc-shaped film layer of polarizer of the axis of homology of analyzer.Also have another scheme when the disc-shaped film layer is positioned at liquid crystal cell inside, wherein the axis of homology can be positioned at the angle of regulation with respect to the axis of homology of analyzer.This makes disc-shaped film also can be used as optical delay.The axis of homology of disc-shaped film and the angle between the analyzer can be limited by the lag characteristic of disc-shaped film layer.
For example, can consider to have the transmission units of traditional polarizer of two square crossings.The white point colourity of this unit can utilize the disc-shaped film layer that has perpendicular to the axis of homology of analyzer to proofread and correct.Stain colourity can utilize the disc-shaped film layer with the axis of homology that is parallel to analyzer to proofread and correct.When white (or black) point returned to neutral colourity, any one of described structure can be proofreaied and correct the gray scale point, for example the standard D65 white point on CIE 1976 figure.
With respect to standard C IE 1976 chromatic graphs, the invention provides the possibility that the location restore that white point, stain and the ash of liquid crystal cell are put arrives neutral chroma areas.The use of the disc-shaped film layer of polarization can make blue shift and black-level on low gray scale rank be neutralized in 380nm to 500nm scope.The use of the disc-shaped film layer of polarization can make at the yellow tone on high gray scale rank and all-pass (full-on) state of liquid crystal cell and be neutralized in 600nm to 780nm scope.These trend in liquid crystal cell is painted are to adopt the feature of finding in the liquid crystal cell structure of intersection input and output polarizer at those.The use of the disc-shaped film of polarization is feasible at 380nm to 500nm and in 600nm to 780nm wavelength coverage can proofread and correct simultaneously in the yellow trend on high gray scale rank with at the blue shift that hangs down the gray scale rank.Latter event can utilize one or two film to realize.Under the situation of using two films, the first film is polarization in 380 to 500nm scope, and second film polarization in 600 to 780nm scope, the axis of homology of two films is orientated usually with being perpendicular to one another.The present invention can be fully in and the colourity of the stain of distortion, white point or ash point in any direction on the chromatic graph.
Be based on the fabulous angle performance of disc-shaped film layer at the color characteristics of the enhancing of the LCD of angle of squint.The suitable selection of dish type material and manufacturing technology provides the disc-shaped film that has high polarization capacity in the stravismus angle.
An advantage of the invention is and kept to carry out the liquid crystal cell of look correction or the brightness throughput of polarizer.Disc-shaped film layer of the present invention has high suitable light transmission, that is, and and by spectrum light (spectral light) transmissivity of the suitable photosensitivity weighting of eyes.The disc-shaped film layer is added in polarizer or the liquid crystal cell, provide effective look to proofread and correct simultaneously, can finish this function, suitable simultaneously light transmission only has minimum reduction.The typical reduction is in 3 to 5% scope, and it is negligible for great majority are used.
For relying on light polarization and comprising any polarizer or the liquid crystal cell of integration (integral) polarizer, it all is possible using the disc-shaped film layer.The disc-shaped film layer can directly deposit on the front panel or rear panel of liquid crystal cell, or deposits on any polaroid.This is an another advantage of the present invention.
Except the method for making the color correcting polarizer film and/or have look and proofread and correct the liquid crystal cell of layer of polarizer, the present invention also allows to prepare such polarizer, and it further is being attached to this polarizer with the disc-shaped film layer before the preparation process.This method does not need traditional manufacture process of LCD is changed.
Be placed in the inside or outside structure of liquid crystal cell having two disc-shaped film layers, disc-shaped film with the axis of homology that is parallel to analyzer provides the look correction for black state and low gray scale rank, and the disc-shaped film that has perpendicular to the axis of homology of analyzer provides the look correction for white states and high gray scale rank.
Be positioned at the disc-shaped film layer and also have some other schemes under the situation of liquid crystal cell inside.Therefore, the axis of homology can be positioned at certain angle with respect to analyzer.This makes disc-shaped film can additionally play the optical delay sheet.Angle between the axis of homology of disc-shaped film and analyzer will be limited by the lag characteristic of disc-shaped film layer and the amount that postpones for the needed compensate for optical of application-specific.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the disc-shaped film layer 380 and 500nm between have an absorption peak.In another specific embodiment, the disc-shaped film layer 600 and 780nm between have an absorption peak.Absorption peak in one of described zone is proofreaied and correct the colour gamut of layer of polarizer or liquid crystal cell.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the disc-shaped film layer is to be made by the stable lyotropic liquid crystal of dish type dichroic dyestuff molecule.In aqueous solution, form stable liquid crystal phase and provide initial ordering for dye molecule.This ordering and the evaporation of solvent thereafter and the orientation of film provide the layer of the disc-shaped film with light polarization ability.Therefore, the ability that dish type dichroic dyestuff in the present invention is used to form stable lyotropic liquid crystal is preferred, so that make polarization disc-shaped film layer by the dichroic dyestuff molecule.
The disc-shaped film layer that is used for color correcting polarizer can be an E type polarizer.For example, the disc-shaped film layer can by the phenanthro--9 of following general structure ', 10 ': 2, the sulfonic derivative preparation of 3-quinoxaline:
Wherein, n=1-4, m=1-4, and z=0-6 is so that m+z+n≤12; X and Y are CH
3, C
2H
5, OCH
3, OC
2H
5, Cl, Br, OH or NH
2M is counter ion counterionsl gegenions; And j is the number of counter ion counterionsl gegenions in dye molecule, if counter ion counterionsl gegenions are shared by several molecule, then it can be mark (for n＞1, can relate to different counter ion counterionsl gegenions).
The disc-shaped film layer also can by the phenanthro--9 one of at least of structural formulas I-VI II ', 10 ': 2, the sulfonic derivative preparation of 3-quinoxaline,
m＝0，1，2，3 m＝0，1，2，3，4
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
m＝0，1，2，3 m＝0，1，2，3，4 m＝0，1，2，3，4
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
m＝0，1，2，3 m＝0，1，2
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
m＝0，1，2
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
Wherein, m=0-2, z=0-6, X and Y are CH simultaneously
3, C
2H
5, OCH
3, OC
2H
5, Cl, Br, OH or NH
2M is counter ion counterionsl gegenions; And j is the number of counter ion counterionsl gegenions in dye molecule, if counter ion counterionsl gegenions are shared by several molecule, then it can be mark (if the number of sulfo group greater than 1, then can relate to different counter ion counterionsl gegenions).
By the polarizing coating of above-mentioned dish type molecule preparation can polarizing plate in 380 to 500nm scope effect.In addition, because the low absorption in the 500-780nm scope, polarizing coating has the high grade of transparency in visible wavelength range.In addition, dye molecule can form stable lyotropic liquid crystal, and has the dichroic performance.These dye molecules can be used for disc-shaped film layer of the present invention.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the disc-shaped film layer plays E type polaroid.This E type polaroid transmission extraordinary wave, and suppress ordinary light wave.The disc-shaped film polarizer often is the E type.The advantage of E type polarizer is higher angle characteristic and less thickness.The combination of a pair of E type disc-shaped film layer and O type layer of polarizer can strengthen the angle characteristic.In liquid crystal cell, use E type polarizer and a pair of E type disc-shaped film layer and O type polarizer can be increased in normal and angle of squint contrast, improve visual angle, enhancing gray-scale stability and provide some to depend on the advantage of liquid crystal cell type.In another specific embodiment, liquid crystal cell has at least one O type layer of polarizer.
In the present invention, liquid crystal cell can utilize O type layer of polarizer to be designed.O type polaroid can be made by iodo polymkeric substance polaroid.Iodine polaroid polaroid and most these polaroids through being commonly used for liquid crystal cell have blue the leakage, and it is included in the transmissivity of the increase of 2 of a pair of square crossing polarizations in the short wavelength zone of 380nm to 500nm.This indigo plant is leaked and can be caused in the distortion color rendition at low gray scale rank and oblique angle and the colour gamut that reduces liquid crystal cell.Use the disc-shaped film layer can strengthen in low gray scale rank and the colour gamut at oblique angle and the correction of color rendition.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, E type layer of polarizer has negative birefringence.Liquid crystal layer in liquid crystal cell has positive birefringence.Add layer and can compensate optical path difference between special ray and the ordinary ray with negative birefringence.This compensation can strengthen in the contrast at oblique angle and normal angle, improve color rendition and visual angle.
In another specific embodiment, thin crystal film (TCF) polaroid is as disc-shaped film polaroid or polarizer of the present invention.Except that above-mentioned advantage, can also obtain other advantage.For example, in manufacture process, can improve the optical property of film.The method makes the absorption spectrum that can improve polarizing coating so that guarantee the suitable color rendition and the achromatism of display.Using dyestuff also to make as initial material uses this class polaroid to become possibility as color filter or neutral optical correction optical filter or as UV or IR optical filter.
Utilize the birefringence of film, polarizer can be used as delayer.By improving the optical anisotropy of film, the visual angle that can improve liquid crystal cell with TCF polarizer.
Arrangement (aligning) step can allow to form the system of the microroughness with specific direction on the polarizer surface, and the alignment layer (alignment) that it makes polarizer be used as liquid crystal layer becomes possibility.
Use can increase the visual angle available from the thin crystal film (TCF) of Optiva company, improve contrast and light characteristic, simplified manufacturing technique, the production cost of reduction LCD and the operating temperature range that enlarges liquid crystal cell.
The TCF polarizer can be used for the disc-shaped film polaroid, and it is in the effect of all visible wavelength range polarizing plates, and has to specific liquid crystal cell optimized spectrum in addition, so that the white or any grey states of the black of correcting liquid crystal box.
At least one adhesive phase and at least one substrate can be added on the color correcting polarizer film.The effect of substrate layer is the mechanical stability of enhanced film.In addition, substrate layer also can be with the means for correcting of showing signs of anger, for example one deck of liquid crystal cell.Jointing material can be fixed on the look calbrating film or polarizer of liquid crystal cell.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, substrate is birefringent.The birefringence of substrate promotes the other function of look calbrating film.For example, the birefringent characteristic of substrate can be with the other antiglare layer of the calbrating film of showing signs of anger.As under the situation of substrate material, can improve the thermal stability of look calbrating film at polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the color correcting polarizer film comprises the protective seam that at least one is other.This protective seam can increase anti-scratch performance, mechanical stability and moisture-proof.
The color correcting polarizer film can also comprise other anti-reflecting layer or other antiglare layer or antiglare layer.When look being proofreaied and correct polarizing coating be used for liquid crystal cell, the effect of antiglare layer or anti-reflecting layer is respectively the dazzle of inhibitory reflex light.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, liquid crystal cell comprises other reflection horizon.This reflection horizon needs for the reflection type liquid crystal box.These reflection type liquid crystal boxes can use incident bias light (incident ambient light) and not need whole (integral) illuminator, and the power consumption of these reflection type liquid crystal boxes is lower.This reflection type liquid crystal box has less thickness, and it can reduce switching time, and high multipath transmission speed and low chromatic dispersion are provided.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, liquid crystal cell has the reflection horizon, and has the direct reflection performance to this reflection horizon of small part.Because lack the light intensity loss that the diffusion scattering from light causes, direct reflection provides high brightness to liquid crystal cell.In another specific embodiment, liquid crystal cell has the reflection horizon, and has the scattered reflection performance to this reflection horizon of small part.The scattered reflection in reflection horizon can spread reflection formula LCD effective cone (viewingcone), and can be suppressed at interference effect in a plurality of liquid crystal cell layers.In another specific embodiment, liquid crystal cell has the reflection horizon, and is transmissible (semi-transparent reflection layer transflective) to this reflection horizon of small part.Refractor is meant the light of reflection horizon part transmission from the integration backlight.Use refractor to can be provided in the unit in conjunction with the liquid crystal cell that reflects box and transmission box performance.
In the present invention, the disc-shaped film layer in the liquid crystal cell can also play the combination of retardation plate or color filter or at least two kinds of functions of enumerating.Except that the color rendition that is used for correction filter or be used to strengthen the contrast of delayer, the combination of function has reduced the thickness of box, and it has improved the angle characteristic again, and has simplified the structure of liquid crystal cell.
Disc-shaped film layer in liquid crystal cell can be applied on the polarizer in the box.Layer of polarizer is placed on box inside, perhaps is placed between the transparent substrate of liquid crystal cell, can provide other protection for layer of polarizer, makes it avoid atmospheric water and mechanical damage, and can reduce box thickness.Less box thickness provides the angle characteristic of improving.
Present invention is described now with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 shows the transmitted light spectrogram of a pair of axis of homology with the typical iodine polarizer of 90 ° of intersections.Axle 101 expression wavelength, and axle 102 expression transmissivities.This curve is understood the exemplary shortcomings of conventional polariser, and it leaks relevant with the spectrum of distinguishing at indigo plant-purple of 350 to 530nm.Although the leakage at red sector has significantly high value, is not so important in the application of LCD.This is owing to have relatively low radiation intensity at the most of backlight illuminating systems of red sector, and human eye has low-down suitable photosensitivity in being higher than the wavelength region may of 680nm.Therefore, during when the reduction of gray scale rank and near black-level, the white point on the ratio chromatic graph of the typical displays that relates to a pair of this quasi-tradition polarizer can experience from needed achromatism standard and shift to the blue area gradually.
Fig. 2 shows the essential structure according to the color correcting polarizer of a specific embodiment of the present invention.This color correcting polarizer comprises layer of polarizer 202 and disc-shaped film layer 201.This disc-shaped film layer is made of dish type molecule 203.This disc-shaped film layer is gone back the effect of polarizing plate, its can be spectral selectivity with birefringent.Only comprise two-layerly though be shown in the essential structure of Fig. 2, also can comprise other layers so that strengthen the functional of color correcting polarizer.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of structure, and it comprises disc-shaped film layer 201, adhesive phase 301 and substrate layer 302, and wherein adhesive phase 301 is the tops that are placed on disc-shaped film layer 201.This structure shows a kind of possible application of the present invention.Introduce adhesive phase 301 so as to be fixed to disc-shaped film layer 201 on the polarizer or any surface of liquid crystal cell on.Disc-shaped film layer 201 and adhesive phase 301 are to deposit to successively on the substrate layer 302.For the aligning of disc-shaped film layer may need substrate layer as Mechanical Fundamentals.Substrate layer 302 can be birefringent or non-birefringent.For example, substrate can be made by polyethylene terephthalate (PET), TAC and PMMA.
Fig. 4 shows the structure that comprises disc-shaped film layer 201, adhesive phase 301 and substrate layer 302, and wherein adhesive phase 301 is placed on the substrate layer 302.The position of adhesive phase 301 makes this structure be different from the structure that is shown in Fig. 3.Substrate layer 302 among Fig. 4 is can right and wrong birefringent.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 for example understand one of application of the present invention.A plurality of layers with the adhesive phase 301 that is placed on the side can be fixed to any other surface by this adhesive phase.Therefore, support by substrate 302 and look that the disc-shaped film layer 201 that is equipped with adhesive phase 301 can be used for any liquid crystal cell or polarizer is proofreaied and correct.
Fig. 5 shows the structure that comprises disc-shaped film layer 201, and wherein anti-dazzle or antiglare coating 501 deposits on the disc-shaped film layer 201.Anti-dazzle or antiglare coating 501 are used for LCD so that improve the contrast and the brightness of the box of working under bias light.
Fig. 6 shows the structure that comprises disc-shaped film layer 201, and wherein protective seam 601 is placed on the disc-shaped film layer 201.This protective seam 601 can be placed on the disc-shaped film layer or it further can be placed on any layer that is deposited on the disc-shaped film layer.Protective film layer 601 provides protection, makes to avoid atmospheric water, mechanical damage, and has strengthened anti-scratch performance.
Utilize two active matrix liquid crystal display to study by technological merit provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 7, first display does not carry out look to be proofreaied and correct, and tester as a comparison.As described in Figure 8, second display carries out look to be proofreaied and correct, in order to illustrate by the resulting result of the present invention.Fig. 9 to Figure 12 shows resulting result.
Fig. 7 shows the structure that does not have the contrast of color correcting polarizer of the present invention LCD.The basic design parameters of this structure is as follows: (1) efficient Nitto G-1224-DU sheet polaroid (701,707) has the axis of homology aimed at 45 at the rear portion of liquid crystal cell (707) and the axis of homology with-45 ° of alignings in preceding analyzer (701) position; (2) in liquid crystal layer (706),, make the arrangement of frictional direction and polarizer orientation constitute normal white (NW) O-mould (O-mode) together and arrange by ° reversing 90 ° clockwise with respect to meron-45 to respect to preceding substrate-135 °; (3) have the dish type compensate film of the Fuji Film of TAC substrate (702), it is positioned at liquid crystal layer (706) and between the polaroid (707) at the rear portion of box and anterior polaroid (701), and arranges along the liquid crystal layer frictional direction; (4) MLC-12000-000 liquid crystal material (706) has k
11=9.3e
-12, k
22=5.8e
-12, k
33=15.9e
-12, ε ‖=12.95, ε ⊥=3.55, n
o@550nm=1.4762 and n
e@550nm=1.5639; The box gap of (5) 4.5 μ m, 2 ° of tilt angles and thickness-gap ratio (d/p) of 0.0495; (6) liquid crystal drive voltage of the liquid crystal drive voltage of off-state on the scene (field-off state) 0V, and ON state on the scene (field-on state) 5.0V; (7) in 800 A ito transparent electrode (704) materials and the 400 A polyamide alignment (705) on liquid crystal layer border; (8) the Corning#1737 glass substrate (703) of 1.1mm; (9) one groups of Topan RGB color filters (708) that thickness is 1.6 μ m; And (10) are used for the Landmark three band RGB fluorescent lamp, backlight spectrum of light source (709).
Fig. 8 shows the structure of the LCD of simulation, is used to show the technological merit that is produced by the present invention.Compare with the reference liquid crystal display that is shown in Fig. 7, the LCD that is shown in Fig. 8 further comprises disc-shaped film layer 801.Disc-shaped film layer 801 is arranged on the front surface of polaroid (analyzer) (701), so that proofread and correct the color characteristics of display.
Fig. 9 show for perpendicular to the transmitted spectrum of the dish type look correction thin film of the polarized light of the axis of homology orientation that is parallel to disc-shaped film.X-axis 901 expressions are the wavelength of unit with the nanometer, and the transmissivity of Y-axis 902 expression disc-shaped films.The transmitted spectrum of polarized light of axis of homology orientation that is parallel to disc-shaped film is by curve 903 expressions, and perpendicular to the transmitted spectrum of the polarized light of the axis of homology orientation of disc-shaped film by curve 904 expressions.Fig. 9 shows the ability of disc-shaped film of the present invention polarization light in 380 to 500nm zones.Fig. 9 also shows the high-transmission rate of this film in 500nm to 780nm zone.This is the evidence that disc-shaped film of the present invention has high suitable light transmission.
Figure 10 A shows CIE 1976 figure of LCD as shown in Figure 7, does not wherein have color correcting polarizer of the present invention.Figure 10 B shows CIE 1976 figure of LCD as shown in Figure 8, wherein has color correcting polarizer of the present invention.Figure 10 A has described black (Blk) point of reference liquid crystal display and white (W) point than the position on the chromatic graph.The point that is designated as D65 is that CIE standard white illuminant (light source, illuminant) D65 provides with reference to colourity.Stain is that the off-state by liquid crystal cell obtains, and white point is obtained by ON state.Figure 10 B has described the stain of LCD of the present invention and white point than the position on the chromatic graph.Utilize P22 phosphor primary colors (1002), the triangle borderline region separates the gamut boundary of LCD (1001) and the gamut boundary of reference color CRT.Stain and white point with LCD that look proofreaies and correct polarization layer (Figure 10 B) are more close each other, and the more close standard D65 white point of these points.When comparing its chromaticity coordinate with respect to the D65 white point among Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B, this has shown effective look correcting feature, especially the neutralization of blue shift stain (Blk).
Figure 11 has shown the neutral point chroma offset on CIE 1976 figure for reference and look correction display architectures.Curve 1102 obtains with respect to the reference display, and curve 1101 obtains with respect to look correction display.Figure 11 has shown that the dish type thin film polarizer is for the influence of color tracking performance in the gamut that shows strength level.The inventor has determined in order to be 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.5% to produce and fit the required LC voltage that applies in light gray scale rank at following percentage with respect to the suitable luminance brightness (0 volt) of white peak, and the required LC voltage that applies of black (5 volts).Calculate the chromaticity coordinate of white point then on each suitable light gray scale rank.Be shown in formed curve shows among Figure 11 and proofreaied and correct in the structure at reference and look that the colourity of white point changes (being the color tracking error) in the whole strength range at AMLCD.Can see obviously that with respect to uncorrected reference display (1102), in the gamut that shows strength level, the colourity of the demonstration neutral point of look correction display (1101) is changed significantly and has reduced.
Figure 12 shows cross conformation difference contour (profile) line that the angle colourity that is used to show black state changes, and it is represented with colourity JNDs.Because be difficult to visually assess the minimizing of the relevant tonal variation in visual angle by two aberration curves that wait that separate, so produced the aberration equal pitch contour in each angle, the difference of the Δ u ' v ' value between its generation is proofreaied and correct from look and reference is constructed.The nearest standard that shows surveying has stipulated that Δ u ' v '=0.004 has constituted just distinguishing of colourity poor (JND) for most of observers.For the unit with tangible colourity difference more directly represents cross conformation difference, change the level line ratio into colourity JNDs unit.Isocontour negative value is represented wherein to proofread and correct the horn shape zone that structure has reduced tonal variation with respect to identical position, the angle look in the baseline structure.Just contour value has shown that reference structure wherein provides the horn shape zone of littler angle tonal variation.Can clearly be observed by Figure 12, except along main diagonal line (they go to zero) herein, all be negative value at every place level line almost.In this contour difference curve, significantly the reducing of the tonal variation that produces along above-mentioned transverse axis and Z-axis is clearly.This last curve is that it estimates that these aberration are related with observer's sensation with such unit representation.
Color correcting polarizer film of the present invention can be used for the look correction of LCD and the application scenario that is used for optical projection system with direct-view transmission and reflection mode.The present invention for dissimilar LCD to finding the application scenario, comprise twisted nematic and super-twist nematic liquid crystal display, and be used for dissimilar TFT displays, such as those displays based on homeotropic alignment and plane switch technology.
As mentioned above, color correcting polarizer has been described.More than the description of certain specific embodiments of the present invention be the purpose of illustration and description for example.They are not detailed or the present invention are limited to disclosed precise forms, and many all be possible obviously according to improvement, embodiment and the variation of above-mentioned instruction.Therefore, scope of the present invention is limited by appended herein claim and equivalence replacement institute thereof.
Claims (34)
1. color correcting polarizer comprises:
Layer of polarizer; And
At least one disc-shaped film layer, wherein
Described disc-shaped film layer is optically transparent in visible wavelength range, and the effect of polarizing plate at least 380 to 500nm wavelength coverage, and wherein, described disc-shaped film layer is by making based on the lyotropic liquid crystal of dish type dichroic dyestuff molecule.
2. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1, wherein said layer of polarizer has the parallel or vertical axis of homology with described at least one disc-shaped film layer.
3. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1, wherein said disc-shaped film layer plays E type polaroid.
4. color correcting polarizer according to claim 3, wherein said E type polaroid has negative birefringence.
5. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1, wherein said disc-shaped film layer are thin crystal film polarizers.
6. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1, wherein said layer of polarizer are thin crystal film polarizers.
7. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1, wherein said disc-shaped film layer be by the phenanthro--9 of following general structure ', 10 ': 2, the sulfonic derivative of 3-quinoxaline is made,
Wherein, n one is selected from 1,2,3 and 4 numerical value, and m one is selected from 1,2,3 and 4 numerical value, and z one is selected from 0,1,2,3,4,5 and 6 numerical value, so that m+z+n≤12; X and Y are CH
3, C
2H
5, OCH
3, OC
2H
5, Cl, Br, OH or NH
2M is counter ion counterionsl gegenions; And j is the number of counter ion counterionsl gegenions in the dye molecule, if described counter ion counterionsl gegenions are shared by several molecule, then it is a mark, for n＞1, relates to identical or different counter ion counterionsl gegenions.
8. color correcting polarizer according to claim 7, wherein said disc-shaped film layer be by the phenanthro--9 one of at least of structural formulas I-VI II ', 10 ': 2, the sulfonic derivative of 3-quinoxaline is made:
m＝0，1，2，3 m＝0，1，2，3，4
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
m＝0，1，2，3 m＝0，1，2，3，4 m＝0，1，2，3，4
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
m＝0，1，2，3 m＝0，1，2
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
m＝0，1，2
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
Wherein, m one is selected from 0,1,2,3 and 4 numerical value, and z one is selected from 0,1,2,3,4,5 and 6 numerical value, and X and Y are CH
3, C
2H
5, OCH
3, OC
2H
5, Cl, Br, OH or NH
2M is counter ion counterionsl gegenions; And j is the number of counter ion counterionsl gegenions in the dye molecule, if described counter ion counterionsl gegenions are to be shared by several molecule, then it is a mark, if the number of sulfo group greater than 1, then relates to identical or different counter ion counterionsl gegenions.
9. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1 further comprises at least one bonding material layer.
10. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1 further comprises at least one birefringent layers.
11. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1 further comprises a protective seam.
12. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1 further comprises an anti-reflecting layer.
13. color correcting polarizer according to claim 1 further comprises an antiglare layer.
14. a liquid crystal cell comprises:
Front panel;
Rear panel;
Be placed on the liquid crystal between described front panel and the described rear panel; And
Color correcting polarizer, wherein
Described color correcting polarizer comprises at least one layer of polarizer and at least one disc-shaped film layer, and described disc-shaped film layer is optically transparent in visible wavelength range, and the effect of polarizing plate at least 380 to 500nm wavelength coverage,
Wherein said disc-shaped film layer is by making based on the lyotropic liquid crystal of dish type dichroic dyestuff molecule.
15. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14, wherein said layer of polarizer has the parallel or vertical axis of homology with at least one disc-shaped film layer.
16. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14, wherein said disc-shaped film layer also are polaroid in described visible wavelength range.
17. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14, wherein at least one layer of polarizer is an O type polarizer.
18. liquid crystal cell according to claim 17, wherein said O type polarizer is an iodo polymkeric substance polarizer.
19. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14, wherein at least one layer of polarizer is an E type polarizer.
20. liquid crystal cell according to claim 19, wherein said E type polarizer are by making based on the lyotropic liquid crystal of dish type dichroic dyestuff molecule.
21. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14, wherein said disc-shaped film layer plays E type polaroid.
22. liquid crystal cell according to claim 21, wherein said E type layer of polarizer has negative birefringence.
23. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14, wherein said disc-shaped film layer are thin crystal film polaroids.
24. liquid crystal cell according to claim 19, wherein said layer of polarizer are thin crystal film.
25. liquid crystal cell according to claim 19, wherein said E type layer of polarizer be by the phenanthro--9 of following general structure ', 10 ': 2, the sulfonic derivative of 3-quinoxaline is made:
Wherein, n one is selected from 1,2,3 and 4 numerical value, and m one is selected from 1,2,3 and 4 numerical value, and z one is selected from 0,1,2,3,4,5 and 6 numerical value, so that m+z+n≤12; X and Y are CH
3, C
2H
5, OCH
3, OC
2H
5, Cl, Br, OH or NH
2M is counter ion counterionsl gegenions; And j is the number of counter ion counterionsl gegenions in the molecule, if described counter ion counterionsl gegenions are shared by several molecule, then it is a mark, for n＞1, relates to identical or different counter ion counterionsl gegenions.
26. liquid crystal cell according to claim 25, wherein said E type layer of polarizer be by the phenanthro--9 one of at least of structural formulas I-VI II ', 10 ': 2, the sulfonic derivative of 3-quinoxaline is made,
m＝0，1，2，3 m＝0，1，2，3，4
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
m＝0，1，2，3 m＝0，1，2，3，4 m＝0，1，2，3，4
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
m＝0，1，2，3 m＝0，1，2
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6 z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
m＝0，1，2
z＝0，1，2，3，4，5，6
Wherein, m one is selected from 0,1,2,3 and 4 numerical value, and z one is selected from 0,1,2,3,4,5 and 6 numerical value, and X and Y are CH
3, C
2H
5, OCH
3, OC
2H
5, Cl, Br, OH or NH
2M is counter ion counterionsl gegenions; And j is the number of counter ion counterionsl gegenions in the molecule, if described counter ion counterionsl gegenions are shared by several molecule, then it is a mark, if the number of sulfo group greater than 1, then relates to identical or different counter ion counterionsl gegenions.
27. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14 further comprises the anti-dazzle or antireflecting coating that is arranged on the described liquid crystal cell outside surface.
28. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14 further comprises the reflection horizon.
29. liquid crystal cell according to claim 28 wherein has the direct reflection performance to the described reflection horizon of small part.
30. liquid crystal cell according to claim 28 wherein has the scattered reflection performance to the described reflection horizon of small part.
31. liquid crystal cell according to claim 28 is transmissible to the described reflection horizon of small part wherein.
32. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14, wherein said disc-shaped film layer plays retardation plate.
33. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14, wherein said color correcting polarizer further comprises color filter.
34. liquid crystal cell according to claim 14, wherein said disc-shaped film layer is applied on the layer of polarizer of the color correcting polarizer that is arranged in described box inside.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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|---|---|---|---|
| US44244003P | 2003-01-24 | 2003-01-24 | |
| US60/442,440 | 2003-01-24 | ||
| US10/465,083 | 2003-06-18 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN107533178A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2018-01-02 | 日本化药株式会社 | Polarizer that film with high latency forms with the layer stackup containing dichroism pigment and the display device for being provided with the polarizer |
| EP3617688A4 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2021-02-17 | Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Colorimetry calculation method for display and chrominance calculation method |
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| EP2060936A4 (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2009-11-25 | Sharp Kk | Polarization control system and display device |
| US11137639B2 (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2021-10-05 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Optical device comprising a switchable layer and at least one optical layer |
| MX2019000869A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-12-19 | Viavi Solutions Inc | Optical device having optical and mechanical properties. |
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