A kind of vane for vertical shaft wind-driven generator and preparation process thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vane for vertical shaft wind-driven generator and preparation process thereof, belong to the wind-driven generator field, Patent classificating number: F03D3/06, F03D9/00, F03D11/02.
Background technique
At present, known wind-driven generator mainly has two kinds, horizontal axis wind-driven generator and vertical axis aerogenerator.Blade installation form, operating conditions and the force-bearing situation of this two classes wind-driven generator are different, so the material of the structural type of blade, use, manufacturing process are also different.
The blade of vertical axis aerogenerator winds the axle rotation perpendicular to ground; Typical vertical shaft wind wind-driven generator is the Darrieus type, and wind wheel is vertically installed, and blade adopts the rope skipping curve shape, and the two ends of blade are fixedly connected in the wind wheel rotating shaft.Because the operation of vertical shaft wind wind-driven generator and the characteristic of blade, blade generally adopts symmetrical uniform section structure, and material is a metal, by extruding, stretch and make, and aluminum alloy stretching blade for example, also useful assembly welding moulding process.When adopting glass fibre reinforced plastics, generally be manual pasting.
No matter blade is to paste by hand or metal solder or extruding, stretch and make, the difficulty of its manufacturing is all very big, particularly current wind power plant develops towards the maximization direction, length of blade surpasses tens of rice easily, this just makes the blade manufacturing become difficult more, moulds of industrial equipment and processing sections are huge fully, and cost of production is high, are the distinct issues that existing product and technology press for solution.
Application number is 200410030561.3, and name is called " a kind of blade structure of vertical shaft wind-driven generator " application for a patent for invention, a kind of blade structure of vertical shaft wind-driven generator is disclosed.This application is convenient for production for blade, and blade is divided into three sections along tangential, connects by dovetail groove between every section.The blade of this structure comes progressive to some extent compared with the production integral blade, productivity increases, but can not fundamentally solve huge, the problems such as cost of production is expensive, manufacturing difficulty of process equipment that the production of large-scale vertical wind-driven generator blade is faced.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vane for vertical shaft wind-driven generator and preparation process thereof, with the vane of vertical shaft wind-driven generator that this technology is made, structural strength, rigidity, dynamic performance, the working life that can guarantee blade; Simultaneously, can also give full play to properties of materials, alleviate leaf weight, remove demand from, reduce manufacturing, installation, the cost of transportation of blade large-sized processing equipment; Can be convenient to the production of large-scale vertical wind-driven generator blade greatly.
Technological scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of vane for vertical shaft wind-driven generator is characterized in that, in this blade adopts, domestic and abroad three-decker; Layer structure is the thin-walled covering, and surface Machining becomes the shape of blade requirement; The middle level structure is an obturator, adopts lightweight material; The nexine structure is a girder, is an axle continuous and blade is stretched out at two ends, and sectional shape is with box or uses dumbbell shape.
Described thin-walled covering is to make with metal or fibre reinforced composites or resin or coating material; Described lightweight material is that unit weight is less than 600kg/m
3Material, as PVC (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polymethyl acid imide (PMI) and propylene fine-vinyl benzene polymer foaming materials such as (SAN or AS); Described girder is with metal or fibre reinforced composites.
A kind of manufacturing process of vane for vertical shaft wind-driven generator is characterized in that, the type shape according to the blade that will process is divided into prismatic curve of the blade and prismatic blade with blade; And these curve of the blade and prismatic blade be divided into some isometric blades joints along the length of blade direction, (length is by the working ability decision of equipment); On girder, make each blade joint successively according to the three-decker of blade; And with blade joint be connected securely between blade saves, until making whole blade.
Described on girder, make each section blade joint successively according to the three-decker of blade; And with blade joint be connected securely between blade saves, until first kind of scheme making whole blade, be to be undertaken by following three-steps process:
1) makes the blade obturator with the lightweight material merogenesis, finish all obturators;
2) with obturator through on the girder, adhesive coating on the interface of obturator and girder all is assembled into obturator on the girder, if also will bond between designing requirement joint and the joint, perhaps between the joint pin equijoin spare is arranged, then assemble on request, form complete two-layer structure part;
3) make covering on two-layer structure part surface, form complete three-decker blade.
Described on girder, make each section blade joint successively according to the three-decker of blade; And with blade joint be connected securely between blade saves, until second kind of scheme making whole blade, be to be undertaken by following three-steps process:
1) makes the blade obturator with the lightweight material merogenesis, finish all obturators;
2) make covering respectively on the obturator surface, form the two-layer structure part;
3) with the two-layer structure part through on the girder, adhesive coating on the interface of obturator and girder, all be assembled into the two-layer structure part on the girder, if also will bond between designing requirement joint and the joint, perhaps between the joint pin equijoin spare is arranged, then assemble on request, form complete three-decker blade, and between joint and joint, do smoothing and handle.
Described on girder, make each section blade joint successively according to the three-decker of blade; And with blade joint be connected securely between blade saves, until the third scheme of making complete blade, be to be undertaken by following two-step process:
1) the two-layer structure part that is bonded to one of sectional making covering and polyurethane foam material obturator is finished all two-layer structure parts;
2) with the two-layer structure part through on the girder, adhesive coating on the interface of obturator and girder, all be assembled into the two-layer structure part on the girder, if also will bond between designing requirement joint and the joint, perhaps between the joint pin equijoin spare is arranged, then assemble on request, form complete three-decker blade, and between joint and joint, do smoothing and handle.
The preparation process of covering and obturator two-layer structure part is:
1. opening mold is made covering behind the mould inner surface release agent spraying;
2. close die is filled into the liquid polyurethane raw material in the mould with reaction and injection molding process, is foamed into obturator; And automatically be bonded to one the demoulding behind the formation two-layer structure part securely with covering; And remove the releasing agent of being infected with on all adhesive surfaces.
Described on girder, make each section blade joint successively according to the three-decker of blade; And with blade joint be connected securely between blade saves, until the 4th kind of scheme making complete blade, be to be undertaken by following one-step technology:
With reaction and injection molding process the liquid polyurethane raw material is filled in the mould, step formation and covering and girder secure bond all-in-one-piece three-decker blade joint, concrete preparation process is as follows:
1) opening mold makes girder pass mold center and reserves hole, accurately the location;
2) behind the mould inner surface release agent spraying, make covering, in whole process, avoid the girder surface to be sprayed releasing agent;
3) close die is filled into the liquid polyurethane raw material in the mould with reaction and injection molding process, is foamed into obturator, and automatically is bonded to one securely with covering and girder, and the blade that forms three-decker saves;
4) after the demoulding, remove the template that saves a section on the mould corresponding to blade;
5) careful removing has processed the residual releasing agent of blade joint section;
6) continue on girder, to make next joint blade, mould is moved one section along girder for this reason, the section that saves with the blade that processes replaces the template that removes, behind the mould inner surface release agent spraying, make covering, notice that in whole process releasing agent can not be sprayed onto on the girder, can not be sprayed onto and serve as on the blade joint section that is removed template, can be bonded to one between saving and saving to guarantee blade;
7) close die is filled into the liquid polyurethane foaming raw material in the mould with reaction and injection molding process, forms obturator, and section automatic and covering, girder and a last joint blade is bonded to one securely;
8) after the demoulding, get back to step 5, processing piecemeal is until obtaining complete three-decker blade.
Because the blade of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention, in having adopted, in, outer, three-decker and merogenesis manufacturing process; Every layer of material that adopts different performance of blade, and bear different load respectively, bring into play different effects separately; Therefore, blade structure is the most reasonable, and weight is the lightest, add and assemble every mechanical performance index that can satisfy integral blade after merogenesis is made the blade joint, and the blade that makes the production large-scale vertical wind-driven generator use becomes simple.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the one, owing to adopted hierarchy, structure stress is clear and definite, has simplified designing and calculating, can guarantee intensity, rigidity, dynamic performance and the working life of blade structure; The 2nd, owing to adopted hierarchy, the performance of material can play one's part to the full, and can alleviate the weight of blade; The 3rd, owing to adopted the merogenesis manufacturing process, a highly difficult manufacturing process is decomposed into the combination of a series of simple process, reduced requirement to moulds of industrial equipment, process equipment, even can be in the on-the-spot manufacturing of wind field, save blade manufacturing, transportation and installation cost, thereby be easy to realize the maximization of wind-powered electricity generation unit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of blade structure schematic representation of girder form of the blade of a kind of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the blade structure schematic representation of another kind of girder form of the blade of a kind of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a curve of the blade merogenesis schematic representation in the blade merogenesis preparation process of a kind of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the blade merogenesis preparation process cathetus blade merogenesis schematic representation of a kind of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that the prior art application number is 200410030561.The structural representation of 2 disclosed a kind of vane for vertical shaft wind-driven generator.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the blade and the preparation process thereof of a kind of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention is elaborated.Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the blade profile structural representations of two kinds of girder forms of the blade of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention.In this blade adopts, domestic and abroad three-decker; Layer structure is a thin-walled covering 1, and surface Machining becomes the shape of blade requirement; Guarantee blade dimensions precision and surface finishment, obtaining needed aeroperformance, and bear that blade surface aerodynamic loading and protection middle level obturator avoid that solar ulatraviolet radiation is aging, air corrosion and oxidation.The middle level structure is an obturator 2, can be full of the whole or local space between covering and the girder, plays a part to keep blade profile and the blade surface aerodynamic loading is delivered on the girder.Usually make by lightweight material with certain intensity, hardness and anti-fatigue performance; The nexine structure is a girder 3, is an axle continuous and blade is stretched out at two ends, mainly bears the thrust load of blade and the centrifugal load and the aerodynamic loading of blade.The girder of Fig. 1 (3) adopts steel plate to be welded into box-structure, can bear bigger bending, stretching and torsional load, is suitable for large-scale blade.
Fig. 2 shows the three-decker of another blade, and its girder (3) adopts steel pipe and steel pipe to be welded into the dumbbell structure.This structure bearing load is less, and torsional property is relatively poor, is suitable for middle-size and small-size blade.
Described thin-walled covering 1 is to make with metal or fibre reinforced composites or resin or coating material; The lightweight material of described obturator 2 usefulness is meant that unit weight is less than 600kg/m
3Material, be PVC (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polymethyl acid imide (PMI) and propylene fine-vinyl benzene polymer foaming materials such as (SAN or AS); Described girder is gone back the usable fibers reinforced composite except that using sheet metal welding, section bar and section bar welding.
Details are as follows for the art of vane of a kind of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention:
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the schematic representation of blade merogenesis preparation process, and Fig. 3 represents that curve of the blade, Fig. 4 represent prismatic blade, are all formed by prismatic blade joint sectional making.Girder all is longer than covering and obturator, stretches out the two ends of blade, is used for the installation of blade and fixing, and transmits the load on the blade.
Type shape according to the blade that will process is divided into prismatic curve of the blade and prismatic blade with blade; And these curve of the blade and prismatic blade be divided into the isometric blade joint of plurality of sections along the length of blade direction; On girder, make each section blade joint successively according to the three-decker of blade; And with blade joint be connected securely between blade saves, until making complete blade.
First kind of scheme, undertaken by following three-steps process:
1) makes the blade obturator with the lightweight material merogenesis, finish all obturators;
2) with obturator through on the girder, adhesive coating on the interface of obturator and girder all is assembled into obturator on the girder, if also will cohere between designing requirement joint and the joint, perhaps between the joint pin equijoin spare is arranged, then assemble on request, form complete two-layer structure part; Described adhesive with shear strength be not less than 2Mpa can, what present embodiment used is J3030 type adhesive.
3) make covering on two-layer structure part surface, form complete three-decker blade.
Second kind of scheme, undertaken by following three-steps process:
1) makes blade obturator (2) with the lightweight material merogenesis, finish all obturators;
2) make covering (1) respectively on obturator (2) surface, form the two-layer structure part;
3) with the two-layer structure part through on the girder, adhesive coating on the interface of obturator and girder, all be assembled into the two-layer structure part on the girder, if also will bond between designing requirement joint and the joint, perhaps between the joint pin equijoin spare is arranged, then assemble on request, form complete three-decker blade, and between joint and joint, do smoothing and handle.Described adhesive with shear strength be not less than 2Mpa adhesive can, what present embodiment used is J3030 type adhesive.
The third scheme, undertaken by following two-step process:
1) sectional making covering and obturator cohere all-in-one-piece two-layer structure part, finish all two-layer structure parts;
2) with the two-layer structure part through on the girder, adhesive coating on the interface of obturator and girder, all be assembled into the two-layer structure part on the girder, if also will bond between designing requirement joint and the joint, perhaps between the joint pin equijoin spare is arranged, then assemble on request, form complete three-decker blade, and between joint and joint, do smoothing and handle.Described adhesive with shear strength be not less than 2 MPas adhesive can, what present embodiment used is J3030 type adhesive.
The preparation process of covering and obturator two-layer structure part is:
1. opening mold is made covering behind the mould inner surface release agent spraying;
2. close die is filled into the liquid polyurethane raw material in the mould with reaction and injection molding process, is foamed into obturator; And automatically be bonded to one the demoulding behind the formation two-layer structure part securely with covering; And remove the releasing agent of being infected with on all adhesive surfaces.
The 4th kind of scheme, undertaken by following one-step technology:
With reaction and injection molding process liquid material is filled in the mould, step formation and covering and girder secure bond all-in-one-piece three-decker blade joint, concrete preparation process is as follows:
1) opening mold makes girder pass mold center and reserves hole, accurately the location;
2) behind the mould inner surface release agent spraying, make covering, in whole process, avoid the girder surface to be sprayed releasing agent;
3) close die is filled into liquid material in the mould with reaction and injection molding process, is foamed into obturator, and automatically is bonded to one securely with covering and girder, and the blade that forms three-decker saves;
4) after the demoulding, remove the template that saves a section on the mould corresponding to blade;
5) careful removing has processed the residual releasing agent of blade joint section;
6) continue on girder, to make next joint blade, mould is moved one section along girder for this reason, the section that saves with the blade that processes replaces the template that removes, behind the mould inner surface release agent spraying, make covering, notice that in whole process releasing agent can not be sprayed onto on the girder, can not be sprayed onto and serve as on the blade joint section that is removed template, can be bonded to one between saving and saving to guarantee blade;
7) close die is filled into the liquid polyurethane foaming raw material in the mould with reaction and injection molding process, forms obturator, and section automatic and covering, girder and a last joint blade is bonded to one securely;
8) after the demoulding, get back to step 5, processing piecemeal is until obtaining complete three-decker blade.
More than four kinds of technological methodes, all can make the blade of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention, identical in quality.
The blade of a kind of vertical shaft wind-driven generator of the present invention and preparation process thereof, in blade adopts, domestic and abroad three-decker, and blade is divided into the isometric blade of plurality of sections joint along its length, on girder, make each section blade joint successively continuously according to the three-decker of blade; And with blade joint be connected securely between blade saves, until making complete blade.
Technological scheme of the present invention has solved in the current production large-scale wind generating equipment, the length of blade overlength, and blade is made difficulty, and moulds of industrial equipment and process equipment are huge, the problem that cost of production is high.Alleviate leaf weight, remove demand from, reduce manufacturing, installation, the cost of transportation of blade large-sized processing equipment; Creative.
Conceive identical various schemes all among claims protection domain of the present invention with the present invention.