CN100439603C - Manual hydrological network method - Google Patents
Manual hydrological network method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100439603C CN100439603C CNB011021233A CN01102123A CN100439603C CN 100439603 C CN100439603 C CN 100439603C CN B011021233 A CNB011021233 A CN B011021233A CN 01102123 A CN01102123 A CN 01102123A CN 100439603 C CN100439603 C CN 100439603C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- lake
- rainfall
- artificial
- human
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a manual hydrological network method of solving a water resource crisis for human, which belongs to the technical field of utilization engineering of water resources and management and solve the technical problem that human is confronted with limited water resources. The present invention is mainly characterized in that the water resources for human are discovered to be unlimited and can be developed; by a scientific engineering means, dense ground manual hydrological networks are constructed to increase an income item, namely rainfall of the water resources, the ground storage of the water resources is increased, sewage is regenerated and is used in a circulation mode, water pollution is stopped, and thus, the balance of supply and demand for the water resources is kept. The present invention has the purpose that the problems of water resource shortage and crises which human are confronted with are solved.
Description
The invention belongs to " water resource engineering and management ", the technical field of " bloods and droughts prevention and cure project ".
Understand, retrieval, examination the present invention can be with reference to following monographs: " water resource is utilized engineering and administration "---Li Guanghe, Liu Zhaochang, Zhang Xu write, publishing house of Tsing-Hua University, publish in October, 1998." water crisis "----[English] Zhu Li David Stauffer work, Science Press, publish in March, 2003.Wang Mingkang writes " Physics of Clouds ﹠ Precipitation "----, Science Press, and publish in June, 1991." external cloud and precipitation research "----second international cloud and a collection of selected materials of precipitation meeting paper, Li Bin, compilings such as 5 will sides, the Meteorology Publishing House publishes in September, 1998." meteorological disaster ten is said "-Ruan Junshi writes----, and the Meteorology Publishing House publishes in March, 2000." foundation of physics of artificial affecting Atmospheric processes "------[Russia] л. г. к а ч у р и н, Hu Zhijin, Guo Enming, Zhang Jiwei, Shen Yiming translates, and the Meteorology Publishing House publishes in March, 1994." Chinese bloods and droughts "----Office of State Flood Control ﹠ Drought Relief Headquarters, Chinese Water Conservancy publishing house of Nanjing hydrographic water resource research institute of Ministry of Water Resources----, publish in December, 1997.Huang Chaozhong, the great disaster in the whole world (1963-1992), " flood control and drought resisting " April nineteen ninety-five.
Simultaneously, also can retrieve both at home and abroad and the water resource file associated, as UNESCO (UNESCO), common " the water resources assessment activity-national evaluation handbook " of formulating of World Meteorological Organization (WMO) etc.
The present invention is a soft project that solves water resources crisis.The purpose of invention is that the mankind can be in certain historical development stage, according to the demand to water resource, from income the item---rainfall of homophony storage or increase water resource by carrying out an invention.Make the water resource supply and demand keep balance.Fundamentally solve the human water resources crisis that may occur.Effectively avoid the mankind to launch a war for water.
Detailed content of the present invention is as follows:
One, preamble
As everyone knows, the freshwater resources that the land is initial, derive from the steam that evaporation of seawater produces in the ocean and enter atmosphere formation cloud, under certain meteorological condition, the cloud that floats to land forms rainfall, because the landforms geological conditions difference on land, the ground that has formed rainfall stores: lake, marsh, vegetation, ice sheet, Xue Yuan, surface runoff: rivers.Underground storage: aquifer and subterranean stream.
After there had been fresh water the land, part evaporation entered atmosphere and forms cloud, and another part flow back into the ocean by the footpath.Formed tellurian water circulation.Because the circulation of fresh water, the land has produced life and has been evolved into human society.But according to the Scientific Measurement of water circulation, we find that the hydrology overview relation on rainfall and ground is very close, and dependence is very strong.The hydrologic condition of an area or national water storage is good more, and promptly the natural hydrographic net in ground is close more, and amount of precipitation is big more, otherwise more little.
The floods and droughts situation in an area is decided by the netted condition of the face of land hydrology to a certain extent, and for example the desert region can't water storage, then rainfall seldom, the difficult evaporation of the ice-bound ice in the South Pole, so rainfall also seldom, on the contrary, the state in thousand lakes, the area of the state in ten thousand lakes and national rainfall are abundant.The number of this rainfall is with ground hydrology state, and the density of hydrographic net and the basic law that changes are found, and become the theoretical foundation of this invention.
Now the United Nations's statistics about " water globe circulatory condition " in 1978 is listed as follows:
Water globe circulatory condition table
In the rainfall of land, the steam of land accounts for 60.5% of rainfall.
Rainfall is the income item of water resource, and evaporation and runoff are the expenditure items.The earth for human living.The steam of the evaporation of land 100% falls back to the land, and accounts for 60.5% of the total rainfall in land, and therefore, can reach a conclusion: the land evaporated quantity of water is big more, and its rainfall is also just many more.
From then on show the steam of evaporation of seawater generation as can be seen, most of form with precipitation falls back in the ocean, returning the rate of falling is 458000 ÷ 505000=90.69%, has only 9.31% to float and drop to earth land, and to account for the land precipitation rate be 47000 ÷ 119000=39.5%.The steam of land reservoir evaporation in other words not only all falls back to the land with the form of rainfall, and is the important source of land precipitation.
We can also calculate from table: Yu Haiyang precipitation such as the average precipitation intensity of ocean are divided by the ocean area,
That is: H
Fall=458000Km
3÷ 36,100 ten thousand Km
2=12.69Km
3/ ten thousand Km
2
And the average precipitation intensity on land: L
Fall=119000Km
3÷ 14,900 ten thousand Km
2=7.79Km
3/ ten thousand Km
2
This shows that the average rainfall intensity on land is than ocean low 39.9%.This is because the desert and the South Pole ice sheet rainfall on land are few.The average rainfall intensity in land is reduced, and this proves from another side that again tellurian rainfall rule is that earth surface is big by the regional rainfall intensity of water cover.In fact, earth land since atmospheric temperature than ocean height, the evaporation intensity of water coverage rate is bigger than the ocean.Therefore, the area of removing desert and dry area calculates the land rainfall intensity, and the average rainfall intensity of terrestrial water coverage rate (rivers, lake, marsh, forest, vegetation etc.) is than ocean height.
With China is example, and on the south the Changjiang river, the amount of precipitation of unit area is 10.92Km
3/ K m
2, and northern area only has 2.39%Km
3/ Km
2There is intensive hydrographic net in most of area on the south the China the Changjiang river.Owing to paddy-field-working, the steam generation is big simultaneously, therefore, is 4.57 times of the north on the south the rainfall intensity the Changjiang river.Certainly, rainfall also has the influence of climatic factor, but the essence of rainfall must have the formation of steam, therefore, the number of steam is the internal cause of rainfall, and weather only is the external cause (condition) that influences rainfall, the Sahara desert of North Africa, border on the sea all around, but because the desert does not have the ground hydrographic net, therefore, rainfall still seldom, only in the seashore area, the condition that forms surface water literary composition net is arranged, precipitation is just rich.The density dependence relation of the rich withered and ground hydrographic net of rainfall is conspicuous.
The factor of influence of drought and waterlogging is a lot, but weather to do wet be the main factor in numerous factors.It is also a lot of to influence the dried wet factor of weather, but but the ground evaporation of water is the main factor.The steam that evaporates because of the surface water could form rainfall, and the number of rainfall is only unique factor of drought and waterlogging.Many steam could form many rainfalls, and uniform steam of the four seasons could form even rainfall, and then could form the fine weather of favourable weather (for the crops).Rainfall is according to steam, and steam is the natural law, but not fabricates again according to hydrographic net.
Rainfall is the income item of human water resource, and it is the expenditure item that evaporation and footpath flow into the sea.And rainfall is decided by evaporation.In the regular hour section, the area of ocean is a constant constant.And evaporation capacity also is constant basically, and the land is because activity of human beings, and the water area on land but is a variable.And basic trend is day by day to dwindle.So evaporated quantity of water also reduces day by day.Reclaiming land from a lake in many countries and regions, builds reservoir, makes the riverbed dry.Therefore, the desertification of lake, river occurs, it is short of rain to form the ground drought, makes shortage of water resources, and water resources crisis approaches, and in addition, the ground hydrographic net also influences weather, and the area that hydrographic net is close is bright and sunny, for example: the Continental Europe.The area that opposite hydrographic net does not have, dry, sandstorm is many.
According to above-mentioned analysis, we can draw as drawing a conclusion:
1: rainfall is on time and spatial distributions, though by the meteorological condition decision, statistics shows that rain mainly is to drop to the intensive area of ground hydrographic net.
The water resource in 2: one areas is not limited, neither be unlimited, but change.Its mobility scale is decided by that the mankind's activity in an area covers the change of water area to ground.The ground hydrographic net is close more, and rainfall is abundant more, and water resource is also abundanter, and weather conditions are also good more, the probability that bad weather occurs is also low, forms benign cycle, and on the contrary, the area of hydrographic net is dredged or do not had to hydrographic net, rainfall is few more, the water resource poorness, and the rivers lake is dry, forms vicious circle.
3: one countries and regions, water resource rich withered can not be weighed with the rivers runoff, and should with regional moisture storage capacity and cover water area together addition weigh.Because the ground water storage covers the number of water, be not only the rich withered decisive factor of regional rainfall, and be the measurement factor that countries and regions can utilize the water resource number.If there is intensive ground hydrographic net in an area with country in addition, the air humidity of this area is just big, and the formation chance of dew is just many.Dew can play humidification to soil, the required moisture of supply crops.As the saying goes " moistened by rain and dew, young crops grow strong " rain is water resource, and to crops, dew also is water resource.
The income item of human water resource is rainfall, and rainfall depends on evaporation from water surface and land evaporation, with regard to the whole world, and amount of precipitation and evaporation capacity balance.And the evaporation capacity of ocean is stable basically.On land, land ice sheet district evaporation capacity is also stable, other non-icebounds, then amount of precipitation but changes, wherein rivers runoff and interflow subsurface drainage are gone into the expenditure item that the sea is a water resource, and its runoff ratio is 39%, and earth land temperature is higher than the ocean water surface and ice surface temperature far away.Its evaporation of water potentiality are very big.If the mankind can take positive water resource strategy, strengthen the reserves and the consumption of earth terrestrial water, promote the water evaporation to strengthen, amount of precipitation will increase so, and rainfall is abundant, and evaporation will further strengthen.Evaporation capacity is big, and rainfall is just big, and benign cycle will appear in human water resource.So-called water resources crisis just can not occur.In fact; water is the regeneration cycle resource; as long as we have been familiar with the rule and the key link of its regeneration cycle; adjust mankind's activity then, along its rule, water resource just can shortage and crisis; otherwise; if the human and natural law is acted in opposition to, contrary rule is acted, and earth water environment is carried out artificial destruction.Perhaps, the mankind can destroy in the crisis of water resource.
According to above to the water resource new knowledge of circulation law on earth, invention solves the artificial hydrology network technique of human water resources crisis.
The world has entered twentieth century since the later stage, because industrial or agricultural develops rapidly, people increase considerably the demand of water resource.Because industry and sanitary sewage to water pollution, make and can utilize water resource sharply to reduce, this one-plus-one subtracts, and makes many countries and regions, the water resources crisis aggravation occurred simultaneously.And the appearance trend that supply falls short of demand.Therefore, various medium are propagated the urgent eyebrows and eyelashes of appearance of human water resources crisis by different way, and speech, and human war in the future will be fought for striving water resource.Even some tissues under the United Nations, water resource is also held pessimistic attitude, and point out, by 2025, the mankind will have 2/3rds people to face the water that does not have cleaning can to drink.
Two, solve the artificial hydrology network technique of human water resources crisis
The rainfall change in an area, be familiar with from the angle of meteorology, be that activity by the various weather systems in the atmosphere causes, and the weather system in atmosphere is a lot, they on time and the space all in constantly changing, meteorological station carries out the forecast of rainfall according to this, but the rule of statistics shows, frequent rainfall mainly appears at the close river of natural hydrology network, ground, lakeland.The sandstorm weather of arid mainly appears at desert area and the thin area of hydrographic net that does not have the ground hydrographic net.It serves to show the activity of intangible weather system, be limited by the geology and the hydrologic condition on ground in fact.Both so the mankind just acted in accordance with its natural law, take positive attitude, the calculating of science and planning ground artificial hydrographic net, according to the desirability of different economic developments to water resource, progressively implement, and long-term and unremitting effort, make earth land weather and rainfall, by changing with the mankind's needs and taking place.Make it that neither a torrential rain brings floods, also drought and water shortage not is stabilized on the reasonable levels human water resource, finally solves this difficult problem of human water resources crisis.
Artificial hydrographic net according to the actual conditions of natural hydrographic net, is encrypted.Now design as follows:
1, builds melon vine formula artificial lake in two sides, river reasonable Arrangement
To the demand of water resource, divide the order of importance and emergency according to the flood peak amount of river historical statistics and local industrial or agricultural and urban life, build melon vine formula artificial lake.With Chinese the Yellow River be example, can build the retaining of melon vine formula artificial lake in the middle and lower reaches two sides, fill a vacancy with rich, different with reservoir, this artificial lake increases atmospheric vapour to change air humidity, the retaining of flood diversion simultaneously.Therefore, that needn't build is too dark, is advisable with 5-10m.
Artificial lake is opened a sluice gate retaining in flood period and wet season.Make the water source dry season for using.Simultaneously, can develop fishery cultivating, water retention capacity is by the design of local water resource demand and economic capability, should guarantee 3 years waters when arid.
In history, when running into extraodinary flood, often carry out the house soldier and protect car, or the way of giving up a chariot to save the marshal, do the flood storage and detention basin, carry out fried dike, by flooding the flood storage and detention basin, guarantee the safety of metropolis and industrial ecumene.The flood storage and detention basin economics of underdevelopment, the people's lives poverty so more makes the matter worse, and is difficult to for many years stand up, and is this with the poor rich practice, the cruelty that some is helpless of protecting.Retaining just can be avoided the appearance of above-mentioned tragedy.Because of artificial lake will be built low-lying wilderness zone in, therefore, can develop aquaculture again, quicken the poor people and shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity.
2, on the riverbed, build Tan Wohu
The building artificial lake can suit measures to local conditions, for example some rivers, tributary, the China north, some rivers on the North China Plain especially.When annual rainy season, the riverbed water yield is abundant, rainy season one mistake, the riverbed is dry, only has a spot of municipal sewage to enter, and has become dry polluted river.Because of water pollution, there is water to use.On the kind of river shoal winter wheat.Riverbed Tan Wohu should forbid the river shoal reclamation of wasteland, and excavation is built in such a area.
Specific practice is, every a segment distance, for example 1 kilometer, excavates whirlpool, the pool artificial lake of a depth of water 5-10 rice on the riverbed.Water has been expired in storage when rainy season, can culture after rainy season, and can purify the sewage that enters in the riverbed, uses as water resource.
In the China and even the world, sewage has all been formulated discharge standard, substandard pollutant wishes to purify by the detergent power of natural water body.But effect is generally relatively poor.Reason is in the replacement cycle of various water.Rivers and creeks water has only 16 days.16 days is to reach the purification purpose, still more from a city to another city, hydraulic detention time is well below 16 days, so the actual detergent power of natural water body differs greatly with theoretical calculating.And the lake is just different, be generally 17 years, and be exactly swamp land, its replacement cycle, also as long as five years.Like this, pollutant just can be purified in biochemical decomposition, riverbed Tan Wohu, and the replacement cycle is 1 year at least.For biochemical purification, 1 year enough.
3, build municipal sewage regeneration lake
At present in the world, urban industry and sanitary sewage handle entering natural water body after up to standard, wish the purification by natural water body, and pollutant is removed, in fact because the only 16 days replacement cycle of rivers and creeks water body.Therefore, even sewage up to standard, rivers and creeks water can not make it purify in trickling.Many still more sewage fail to handle, and just enter natural water body, China for example, and present 70% municipal sewage is unprocessed to enter natural rivers and creeks.Cause numerous natural water bodies to lose function as water resource.Therefore, should build municipal sewage regeneration lake, the not treated concentrated row of sewage in each city (comprising county town and small towns) holds in an artificial lake.In artificial lake, by implanting water plant, fishery cultivating etc. make sewage continue to purify, and then after returning the process deep purifying processing of city tap-water factory, recycle.For example: at 3 in afternoon on October 22nd, 2000 is at Da Pu pig farm, Tangsha Town, Dongguan, Guangdong oxidation pond, the water intaking chemical examination, and data such as following table:
| Sample/project | Basicity (mg/L) | pH | NH 3-N(mg/L) | CODcr(mg/L) |
| Water inlet | 2788 | 8.4 | 1060 | 3403 |
| Delivery port | 295 | 6.5 | 75.5 | 129 |
There is extremely strong sewage clarification power of regeneration in the oxidation pond lake as can be seen from the above.
Therefore build municipal sewage regeneration lake, can municipal sewage is purified, natural water body is no longer become receive the sewage body.The natural character of natural water body cleaning also, water resource does not reduce because of pollution.Simultaneously, gather in big ground as the city in regeneration lake in city.Having encrypted hydrographic net, to improving weather, increased rainfall, all is very favourable.
4, build hydroelectric integration factory, clarifying urban sewage
At present, the main cause that the municipal sewage treatment rate is low is that the Sewage Plant construction cost is big, the running expense height, for example Chinese, on the surface, Wastewater Treatment Plant's coverage scale has reached 30%, and factory also all builds up the Wastewater Treatment Plant station of varying level, but because running cost height, many Wastewater Treatment Plants station promotes to move, and does not push away motionless.Its running rate is very low, adds local protectionism, and in fact some leaders in many cities hold a negative attitude to sewerage treatment.Yet the steam power station is because at present the heat energy utilization rate is low, and a large amount of waste heats is that the evaporative cooling wave in vain by recirculated cooling water has fallen.The cooling tower of steam power station or cooling pond.Calculating from the angle of sewerage treatment, is extraordinary biochemical treatment apparatus.Well-ventilated's (for evaporative cooling water, to atmosphere heat radiation) not only, oxygen abundance, and temperature suitable (generally at 15-30 degree C) simultaneously, have the biomembranous carrier of formation again.Therefore, be to build sewage biochemical treatment factory on the one hand, expend a large amount of capital construction and operating cost.Need many soils that account in vain simultaneously, the more important thing is near the air quality extreme difference Wastewater Treatment Plant.A large amount of pernicious gases is diffused in the area, low latitude.On the other hand, the cooling water cooling tower of steam power station, but in vain wasting energy and device, just to distribute the heat that can't change electric energy into to atmosphere.
At present in the world, only below 30%, promptly 70% heat energy can't utilize the thermal efficiency of the steam turbine of steam power station.Utilize the cooling tower of steam power station, city, Treating Municipal Sewage is said with popular words, is paediatrics.Certainly the steam turbine cooling water of steam power station has corresponding water quality requirement, the steam turbine cooling water is stablized processing and boiler feedwater was handled for 14 years but the author is engaged at steam power station one line, know very well, municipal sewage, be actually good cooling water,, carry out open cycle through connecting with municipal sewage regeneration lake, can guarantee the sewage clarification processing, can guarantee that again the steam turbine condenser is in good running status.
Certainly, allow the steam power station bear the municipal sewage treatment task, carry out the today of separating the factory and network at electric power, the steam power station is considered from economic benefit, also can be willing to very much accept, and key is the effect by the market economy lever.Government should pay power plant with the sewerage treatment expense.In fact, the big energy company in the world marches aquatic meaning on a large scale, and for example, this cuts down the Leah power plant in September, 2000 TUV one prestige, has purchased the Times Running-water Company of Britain with 14,000,000,000 marks.Moved by common people silently with energy held water, only people do not recognize that also power plant can cheap Treating Municipal Sewage.
5, it is the paddy field that urban development water and wastewater industry, rural area change dry land
The city will be greatly developed and use water and wastewater industry, because water also can strengthen evaporation in the process of using, improves atmospheric vapour content, increases humidity.From increasing the rainfall angle, not using water wisely, and the development water, by strengthening water, promote optimum steam circulation.Agricultural is greatly developed the paddy field.Because the paddy field can cover by the more extensive increase surface water, increase the water evaporation.Make steam increase in the atmosphere, help increasing rainfall, can increase air humidity again simultaneously, make and have a moderate climate, reduce big storm wind and produce.Form bright and sunny climatic environment.
6, set up arid area, the desert plastic cover greenhouse method of catchmenting
In the arid area, desert, so only short of rain, except that numerous meteorological reasons, ground lacks the geological hydrology condition of retaining, is a key factor, but how carries out retaining in the arid area that people have also thought many ways.As build the half way up the mountain room and catchment, hardened ground catchments, and the rainwater of collecting is stored in the water kiln of every family.But this a spot of retaining method, because catchment area is little, it is limited to collect the water that stores, and only can drink and a spot of irrigation for people and animals, but how large tracts of land is collected rainwater, has become a difficult problem.Because a large amount of hardened grounds need big fund, the arid area is economics of underdevelopment again, supports also difficult Ji major issue by government and other places.Therefore the author is incubated the plastic cover greenhouse that plants vegetables according to the north.Plant vegetables and catchment with it.
Plastic cover greenhouse catchments, and promptly builds the sclerosis water channel between booth, builds the artificial pool (lake) at booth one end.When raining, the rainwater on the plastic greenhouse face flows in the channel, concentrates then to flow in the artificial pool (lake).
Be collected in the water in the lake, the artificial pool, also can recharge the water that is made for the thing growth in the booth and use.
Catchment and build the artificial pool (lake) by building plastic cover greenhouse, improve the water-air regime in the atmosphere of arid area, increase rainfall, through for many years effort, become the lake by the pool like this, former arid area forms the optimum weather of the partial circulating of water.Arid is improved.The problem of water resource is solved.
According to above-mentioned 60,000 measure, build good ground artificial hydrology network.Make the mankind on the problem of water resource with positive attitude, comply with the rule of water circulation.Make human lives's land, favourable weather (for the crops) is thoroughly solved the crisis mankind's water resources problems.
Three, with the comparison of prior art
Known to the inventor, also have no talent in the world at present and propose to solve the software engineering of human water resources crisis.Also have no talent and conclude, analyze, draw the dependence relation of rainfall and ground hydrographic net density according to statistics.Therefore, the present invention is the discovery and increase rainfall and retaining to the rainfall rule, stops the water resource software engineering technology achievement that water pollutes.Can fundamentally solve a human water resources crisis difficult problem, avoid human, have huge politics to control meaning view, social benefit and economic benefit for war takes place water.
A, existing water resource theory and the measure of water resources crisis
1, water resource finitism
About the problem of water resource, the propaganda of experts and scholars' treatise and various medium in recent years consistently thinks that the reserves of global freshwater resources are limited, and statistics is: global land annual rainfall is 119000km
3, evaporation capacity is 72000km
3(vegetation transpiration, ground and ground evaporation of water etc.) annual runoff is 47000km
3, in other words, the water yield that the mankind are fetched re-use has only also had only this part.Therefore, human available freshwater resources are limited.
The reserves of fresh water are on the actual earth: 32029200km
3, be 6745.30 times of annual runoff.But because major part is present in polar region and the glacier, directly just available freshwater resources only are 10650000km
3, be 226.6 times of run-off.Mainly be distributed in the land 600m degree of depth with interior aquifer, in lake, river, the soil.And real directly fetched application easily only be 278832.4km
3, be that the rivers and creeks is through flow 4700km
35.93 times.2000, whole world fresh water dosage reached 6000km
3, having accounted for 12.8% of river flow, fresh water is because of the seriously polluted 5500km that is about that can not be used as the water source
3, account for 11.7% of global run-off.In developing country, the ratio of fresh water pollution is much larger than above-mentioned numeral.This shows that the arid area is the anhydrous pollution that adds.The abundance of water area is to pollute to pollute again.The fresh water ratio that can support utilization is very limited.With China is example, many metropolis do not stint expensive tens billion of units one after another to remote mountain reservoir diversion to use the metropolis that has, be located in the great rivers bank, watch that torrential river east goes into the sea, but can not fetch water that oppositely tributary, mountain area river reaches water at a distance.Chinese premier Zhu Rongji builds in the justice explanation in the Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001-2005) and says that " shortage of water resources is the factor of the seriousness restriction of China's economy and social development.”
At present, water resource is limited theory, and it is widely known to have reached, and is known by everybody.
2, set up a water-saving society
Freshwater resources are limited on the earth.But demand is continuous increase, and the impetus that water pollutes is growing on and on.Make limited water resource accomplish that reasonable utilization-using water wisely places on the agenda.With China is example, and Chinese premier Zhu Rongji has said as next section words in the Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001-2005) explanation: " must be placed on extrusion position to water saving, this is a fundamental way of alleviating the water resource imbalance between supply and demand.To recommend various water saving measures energetically, develop water-saving agricultural, industry and services, set up a water-saving society." this in a certain sense, the reflection world today solves the software engineering level that shortage of water resources and crisis are reached.
3, administer to the ill
Water resource is limited, except strengthening using water wisely, suits the medicine to the illness and administers.Set up large reservoir in the upstream, riverbed, transfer big vast retaining, fill a vacancy with rich.Industry and municipal water pollution control, water source protection and remote diversion, abundance of water is to the water transfer of low water district, and the pollution-free area is to the contaminated area water transfer etc., the control measures of suiting the medicine to the illness.Large hydraulic engineering-reservoir, diversion works, Sewage Plant construction etc. constantly goes into operation, but pollution grows worse, the riverbed is dry, and flood is concentrated, and arid enlarges.Money is spent very much, and water resources crisis but increases the weight of day by day.Helplessly, carry out " ticket " system water, the administration means of excess fine also should far have been given birth in many areas and country.
Gross amount of water resources is limited, and solution and technical level are weak, makes the human crisis that produces water resource." the United Nations gives a warning after worldwide water resources situation is analyzed, and world's lack of water will seriously restrict numerous development next century, may cause conflicting between country.”
Point out that simultaneously the whole world has had 1/4th populations to be faced with one for obtaining enough drinking water, irrigation water and industrial water use and the fight that launches predicted 2025, the whole world will have 2/3rds population to face the situation of serious water shortage.It seems, human disaster-ridden difficulty, some developing countries, food problem just solves, and faces water shortage problem again.
Human want that space-ward is extraterrestrial to be marched, go up to the sky, global economic integration, social information's ratio, but violent not as good as preventing that the mankind will lack clean water and can drink, what is to be done for this?
B: the meaning of artificial hydrology network
Solve the important meaning of the artificial hydrology network technique of human water resources crisis, have following several:
1, the reason view breaks through
The famous old saying of China: it ma of will raining will get married and be gone ahead by him, thereby reflects, rainfall is natural thing, when rains, and it is independent of man's will where raining, and reflects that the people is in front helpless of nature.But by historical rainfall data add up, old receive, analyze after, we find pleasantly surprisedly, though the meteorologic factor of rainfall is a lot, main are determined by the density of Wenshui net natural on the ground really.Hydrology network-intensive area, ground, not only with the humid air, rainfall is abundant, and rainfall year the border and month border change all little.On the contrary, then not only arid short of rain, desertification constantly enlarges, and influences regional flood, the arid distortion.
Ground hydrology network-intensive as Europe.
Europe (comprising Russian part) area is 1016km
2, 6.8% of earth land surface, population 7.31 hundred million accounts for 12.9% of world population, and the lake, river interweaves, hydrology network-intensive.And there is the canal to connect again between many rivers.And the lake is numerous, and is the continent of lakelet group more than, and weather is moistening, and about year rainfall 1000mm, and the Nian Jiyue border changes not quite, and Plain area 60% has Finland of the title in thousand lakes, Byelorussia of the state in ten thousand lakes.French for another example, year rainfall fate average out to 120-180 day, rainfall is abundant.The lake, Europe mostly is glaciation and forms.This is weather achievements geology really, and geology brings up the hydrology, and the hydrology influences weather conversely.The intensive hydrographic net that cold glacier is brought up, hydrographic net reacts on weather.Form weather because dry cold is converted into moistening, rainy.Prove that thus water resource is not limited, but change, its amount is to increase, and also can reduce.The Changing Pattern of human water resource that Here it is.This rule has been found.It is the important breakthrough of water resource theory.
In an area, when rainfall and rainfall by the meteorologic parameter decision, but the variation of meteorologic parameter, but are by the ground hydrology network condition influence in an area somewhere.Here it is why, and with regard to world wide, rain is mainly concentrated and balancedly dropped on the cause in the intensive area of ground hydrographic net.
2, fundamentally solve a human water resources crisis difficult problem
Build intensive ground artificial hydrographic net, can fundamentally solve the difficult problem of human water resources crisis.This be because:
A, intensive ground hydrographic net can be induced the increase rainfall and year border of rainfall and the variation on month border are reduced, and significantly reduce the probability that flood and arid weather take place.Make water resource balanced abundant.
B, intensive ground hydrographic net can increase the fresh water deposit, satisfy the fresh water demand.
C, the utilization of water power unification used heat.The pollution of harnessing the river can be prevented in municipal sewage regeneration lake, utilizes residual heat of electric power plant that improvement pollution fund is significantly reduced, and makes water decontamination cycle use repeatedly.
D, remedy the deficiency of present hydraulic engineering.How the reservoir of building all over the world at present is at upper reaches.Moisture storage capacity is very limited, and the rainfall of arid area focused mostly on again in summer and autumn, and day run-off is very big, and reservoir is actual to be difficult to flood storage.And arid season, rainfall is few, and day runoff is very little, and it is dry that reservoir filling often forms the river, downstream, induces desertification.And then rainfall is reduced, form the vicious circle of regional rainfall, and artificial hydrographic net, build a large amount of melon vine formula artificial lakes in the rivers two sides and on the riverbed lake, Jian Tan whirlpool, can store the flood in flood season in a large number, both improved weather, flood control retaining that again can be real is filled a vacancy with rich, therefore, implement the present invention, can fundamentally solve a human water resource difficult problem.
Four, realize best way of the present invention
The problem of water resource relates to national economy, even relates to and strive water conflict and war between the countries and regions.Concern national security.Therefore implement the present invention, should by the two treatises of govemrment identification of country can, and permission is organized waterpower, electric power, environmental scientific research mechanism work in combination by country, reconnoitres meticulously, calculates earlier, and design.Earlier carry out pilot, be in full swing then,, progressively build up science, rational, intensive, artificial hydrology network through the several years in some arid areas.Also can be carried out the market economy mode and be operated by government permission, who builds and is benefited whom.The intensive artificial hydrology network of final realization improves weather, increases rainfall, promptly increases the income item of water resource.Simultaneously also increase the water resource deposit, and can stop water and pollute.Finally reach the purpose that solves human water resources crisis.
Claims (1)
1. artificial hydrology network method that solves human water resources crisis, by building intensive ground artificial hydrology network, make precipitation enhancement, thereby the ground deposit of water resource is increased, stop water and pollute, thereby the equilibrium of supply and demand of maintenance water resource, to solve the difficult problem of human water resources crisis, it is characterized in that: arrange in the rivers two sides and build melon vine formula artificial lake that connect with water channel between the lake, river, rivers and artificial lake interconnect and be distributed in big ground; On the riverbed of the tributary in river and arid area, excavate artificial Tan Wohu, 5～10 meters of cutting depths; To the desert arid area, build the plastic cover greenhouse pool of catchmenting, set up plastic cover greenhouse in the field, be used to plant crops, between canopy, build the sclerosis water channel, the canopy end is built the artificial pool, and pool canal interconnects; For the city, build municipal sewage regeneration lake, utilize the regeneration lake to collect municipal sewage, and, purify waste water by the planting aquatic plants and the formation oxidation pond of breeding fish; Municipal sewage regeneration lake connects with thermal power plant again, utilize thermal power plant's steam waste heat and cooling water cooling tower, the water in municipal sewage regeneration lake is further carried out biological cleaning to be handled and recycles, form the municipal sewage regeneration network of rivers, this regeneration network of rivers can be used as replenishing and alternate source of urban water use, recycling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011021233A CN100439603C (en) | 2001-01-21 | 2001-01-21 | Manual hydrological network method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011021233A CN100439603C (en) | 2001-01-21 | 2001-01-21 | Manual hydrological network method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1367292A CN1367292A (en) | 2002-09-04 |
| CN100439603C true CN100439603C (en) | 2008-12-03 |
Family
ID=4652487
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011021233A Expired - Fee Related CN100439603C (en) | 2001-01-21 | 2001-01-21 | Manual hydrological network method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100439603C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101660300A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2010-03-03 | 陈希军 | Water-control scheme taking RGH-RGHI to prepare water, control drought, affect weather, regulate climate and eliminate desert |
-
2001
- 2001-01-21 CN CNB011021233A patent/CN100439603C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1367292A (en) | 2002-09-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| O’Hogain et al. | A technology portfolio of nature based solutions | |
| Grant | The water sensitive City | |
| Alcocer et al. | Historical and recent changes in Lake Texcoco, a saline lake in Mexico | |
| Chowdhury et al. | An experimental study of greywater irrigated green roof systems in an arid climate | |
| Huang | Theory of mountainurbanology | |
| Abuduwaili et al. | Hydrology and limnology of central Asia | |
| McNabb | Water resource management: Sustainability in an era of climate change | |
| CN102493388B (en) | Crossed water system construction method for ecologically treating non-point source pollution | |
| CN100439603C (en) | Manual hydrological network method | |
| CN109993440A (en) | A kind of clean energy resource is the method for degraded wetland emergence compensating water | |
| CN113562849A (en) | Wetland restoration system and technology | |
| Magadza | The distribution ecology and economic importance of lakes in Southern Africa | |
| Dong et al. | Effect of climate changing in Kunming in recent 65 years and technical analysis of sponge city construction | |
| Sylaios et al. | Environmental impacts of large-scale hydropower projects and applied ecohydrology solutions for watershed restoration: The case of Nestos River, Northern Greece | |
| Abuduwaili et al. | Hydrology and Limnology of Central Asia | |
| Slabbert | The potential impact of an inter-basin water transfer on the Modder and Caledon River systems | |
| Nengshi et al. | Resilient ecology and landscape systems of the Fengxinglong Ecological Park, Sanya | |
| Qiu et al. | Sponge City Planning and Construction of Small Towns in Subtropical Mountainous Areas of Yunnan Province | |
| Sowmyashree et al. | Anthropogenic Impacts on Lakes of Mysore City: A Review of Literature | |
| O'Hogain et al. | Nature-Based Solutions: Technology Portfolio | |
| Ramachandraiah | Weather and water in urban areas | |
| Polishchuk et al. | Research of hydrographic resources of Vinnytsia region | |
| Tonni | QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF THE RAIN WATER SAMPLE COLLECTED FROM COASTAL TERRITORY AND DIFFERENT LOCATION OF CHATTOGRAM CITY | |
| Ji et al. | Water Quality Maintenance Approaches and On-Site Monitoring Results of an Artificial Bathing Beach | |
| Venter | Water quality of the upper Orange River |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C57 | Notification of unclear or unknown address | ||
| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: Li Yuncai Document name: Notice of publication of application for patent for invention |
|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20081203 Termination date: 20150121 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |