CN100437846C - DC transformer, and DC/DC converter of using the DC transformer - Google Patents
DC transformer, and DC/DC converter of using the DC transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN100437846C CN100437846C CNB2004100509465A CN200410050946A CN100437846C CN 100437846 C CN100437846 C CN 100437846C CN B2004100509465 A CNB2004100509465 A CN B2004100509465A CN 200410050946 A CN200410050946 A CN 200410050946A CN 100437846 C CN100437846 C CN 100437846C
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- socle
- air gap
- commutator transformer
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a dc/dc converter, which comprises an input filter, a half bridge converter without control, a synchronous rectifier, an output capacitor and a dc transformer, wherein the dc transformer comprises an iron core, a primary coil, a first secondary coil and a second secondary coil. The iron core of the dc transformer comprises a first stilt, a second stilt with a first air gap and a third stilt with a second air gap. The first secondary coil is wound on the first stilt and the second stilt, and first inductance is generated through the first air gap. The second secondary coil is wound on the first stilt and the third stilt, and second inductance is generated through the second air gap. The noise of output voltage can be suppressed without making inductance on a printed circuit board by the present invention. Thus the loss of the inductance can be reduced, and the efficiency of the dc transformer and the electric power density of products can be improved.
Description
[technical field]
The invention provides a kind of commutator transformer, refer to a kind of DC-DC converter that outputting inductance is integrated in the commutator transformer of iron core and uses this commutator transformer especially.
[background technology]
Transformer is that two coils by the iron core of an intercommunication and insulation are formed, and is medium with the iron core, and with two coil combinations.When therefore alternating current being passed to primary coil, can produce the flux that becomes orthogonal with coil in iron core, utilize this flux, produce voltage at secondary coil, the size of this voltage is directly proportional with the number of turn of secondary coil.Therefore, select the suitable number of turn can obtain the voltage of size arbitrarily.
Please refer to Fig. 1, be depicted as the block schematic diagram of existing DC-DC converter.Have primary coil (primary winding) and secondary coil (secondary winding) on the iron core 12 of the commutator transformer 10 of DC-DC converter, primary coil is used for importing input voltage vin, usually input voltage vin can be carried out filtering through input filter 14 earlier, be resent to and do not have control semi-bridge convertor (half-bridgeconverter without PWM control function) 41, behind iron core 12 changing voltages of commutator transformer 10 by secondary coil output, and by the voltage of secondary coil output via synchronous rectifier 42 rectifications after obtain output voltage V o by output filter 16 filtering.Suppose that the primary coil of commutator transformer 10 and the turn ratio of secondary coil are N, the responsibility cycle of commutator transformer 10 is D, and then output voltage V o can be expressed as Vo=(D/2N) Vin.
Please refer to Fig. 2, be depicted as the transformer core 12 of existing commutator transformer 10 and the schematic diagram of coil.Have primary coil 13, first secondary coil 15 and second subprime coil 17 on the iron core 12 of commutator transformer 10.The EE type that is shaped as of iron core 12 comprises three socles 121,122,123, and primary coil 13 can be wound in transformer core 12 in a different manner, for example only is wound in first socle 121, or is wound in second socle 122 and the 3rd socle 123 simultaneously.Similarly, secondary coil also can have different canoes, and as shown in Figure 2, secondary coil only is wound in first socle 121, pulls out in the mode of centre tap (center tap) again, forms first secondary coil 15 and second subprime coil 17.
Please refer to Fig. 3, be depicted as the circuit diagram of existing DC-DC converter.DC-DC converter comprise input filter 14 (C1, L1), do not have control semi-bridge convertor 41 (C2, C3, Q1, Q2), commutator transformer 10, synchronous rectifier 42 (Q3, Q4), and output filter 16 (L2, C4).Commutator transformer 10 comprises transformer core 12, primary coil 13, first secondary coil 15, second subprime coil 17 and ancillary coil 19, and the input filter 14 that input inductance L1 and input capacitance C1 are formed is used for input voltage vin is carried out filtering.Primary coil 13 connects by two switch Q1, Q2 and two capacitor C 2, and the nothing control semi-bridge convertor 41 that C3 formed is used for driving commutator transformer 10.First secondary coil 15 and second subprime coil 17 are connected the switch Q3 of synchronous rectifier 42 respectively, Q4, and ancillary coil 19 can be used to provide the operating voltage of switch Q3, Q4.Outputting inductance L2 and output capacitance C4 form output filter 16, are used for the voltage of commutator transformer 10 conversions is carried out filtering, to produce output voltage V o.
From the above, existing commutator transformer suppresses the noise of output voltage, can connect the output filter of being made up of outputting inductance and output capacitance in the synchronous rectifier rear end usually, adjusts the inductance value of outputting inductance thus, is used for suppressing the noise of output voltage.Yet along with development of integrated circuits, inductance element is owing to need take more printed circuit board space, therefore can avoid in design as far as possible or seek replacement scheme, in addition, be subject to the specification of outputting inductance, the impedance meeting causes the loss of electric power, reduces the efficient of power conversions.
[summary of the invention]
In view of this, need provide a kind of commutator transformer, it is integrated in outputting inductance wherein, saves printed circuit board space.
In addition, also need provide a kind of DC-DC converter, it adopts is integrated in outputting inductance wherein commutator transformer, saves printed circuit board space.
Commutator transformer provided by the invention comprises iron core, primary coil, first secondary coil and second subprime coil.Wherein, described iron core has air gap, and it comprises first socle, second socle and the 3rd socle.Second socle has first air gap.The 3rd socle has interstice.First secondary coil is wound in first socle and second socle, and first secondary coil produces first inductance by first air gap.The second subprime coil be wound in first socle and the 3rd socle, and the second subprime coil produces second inductance by interstice.
A kind of DC-DC converter comprises input filter, does not have control semi-bridge convertor, synchronous rectifier, commutator transformer and output capacitance.Wherein, described commutator transformer is integrated in outputting inductance wherein, and comprises iron core, primary coil, first secondary coil and second subprime coil.Iron core has air gap, the 3rd socle that it comprises first socle, has second socle of first air gap and have interstice.Primary coil is wound in first socle.First secondary coil is wound in first socle and second socle, and produces first inductance by first air gap.The second subprime coil is wound in first socle and the 3rd socle, and produces second inductance by interstice.
DC-DC converter of the present invention must not made inductance on printed circuit board (PCB), can suppress the noise of output voltage, therefore can reduce the loss of inductance, improves the efficient of commutator transformer and the power density of product.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is existing DC-DC converter block schematic diagram, and this DC-DC converter comprises commutator transformer.
Fig. 2 is the commutator transformer schematic diagram among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a DC-DC converter circuit diagram shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is a DC-DC converter block schematic diagram of the present invention, and this DC-DC converter comprises commutator transformer.
Fig. 5 is the commutator transformer schematic diagram among Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a DC-DC converter circuit diagram shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 7 is a DC-DC converter operation waveform diagram shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 8 is a DC-DC converter output voltage waveform shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 9 is a DC-DC converter output voltage waveform shown in Figure 4.
Figure 10 is the iron core schematic diagram of EE type transformer.
Figure 11 is the iron core schematic diagram of EI type transformer.
Figure 12 is the iron core schematic diagram of EQ type transformer.
Figure 13 is the iron core schematic diagram of RM type transformer.
[embodiment]
Please refer to Fig. 4, be depicted as the block schematic diagram of DC-DC converter 40 of the present invention.DC-DC converter 40 among the figure comprises commutator transformer 20, be wound with primary coil (primary winding) and two secondary coils (secondary windings) on the iron core 22 of commutator transformer 20, primary coil is used for importing input voltage vin, usually input voltage vin can be carried out filtering via input filter 24 earlier, is not resent to the primary coil of iron core 22 through there being control semi-bridge convertor (half-bridge converter without PWM contro1function) 43.The different iron cores 22 that outputting inductance are integrated in commutator transformer 20 in the present invention that are in of commutator transformer 20 of the present invention and previous commutator transformer 10 maximums, therefore only need to connect output capacitance C4 by the voltage of the secondary coil output of iron core 22 after through synchronous rectifier 44 rectifications and carry out filtering, can obtain output voltage V o.
Please refer to Fig. 5, be depicted as the transformer core 22 of commutator transformer 20 of the present invention and the schematic diagram of coil.The present invention utilizes the principle of air gap energy storage, the secondary coil of iron core 22 is wound in the socle that iron core 22 has air gap, produce equivalent inductance, in order to replace outputting inductance, the outputting inductance that connected of commutator transformer 20 just can be integrated in the transformer core 22 of commutator transformer 20 like this.With EE sections core 22 is example, it comprises three socles 221,222,223, form first air gap 34 and interstice 36 according to the present invention respectively in second socle 222 and the 3rd socle 223, this moment, 28 of primary coils were wound in first socle 221, and secondary coil also is wound in first socle 221, pull out in the mode of centre tap (center tap) again, form first secondary coil 30 and second subprime coil 32.In embodiments of the present invention, first secondary coil 30 also is wound on second socle 222 with first air gap 34, and second subprime coil 32 also is wound on the 3rd socle 223 with interstice 36.When coil is wound in the socle with air gap,, can produce equivalent inductance by the air gap energy storage.
Please refer to Fig. 6, be depicted as the circuit diagram of DC-DC converter 40 of the present invention.Input filter 24 is made up of input inductance L1 and input capacitance C1, is used for input voltage vin is carried out filtering.Primary coil 28 connects nothing control semi-bridge convertor, and (Q1 Q2), is used for driving commutator transformer 20 for C2, C3.First secondary coil 30 and second subprime coil 32 connect switch Q3, the Q4 of synchronous rectifier 44 respectively, and ancillary coil 38 can be used to provide the switch Q3 of synchronous rectifier 44, the operating voltage of Q4.Because the iron core 22 of commutator transformer 20 and coil are according to improvement shown in Figure 5, therefore first secondary coil 30 on the transformer core 22 of commutator transformer 20 and second subprime coil 32 are equivalent to connect respectively the first equivalent inductance L21 and the second equivalent inductance L22 outputting inductance as two level coils, so 26 of output filters need to use output capacitance C4, just can carry out filtering to the voltage of commutator transformer 20 conversions, produce output voltage V o.
Please refer to Fig. 7, be depicted as the operation waveform diagram of DC-DC converter 40.First waveform is the control signal of switch Q1, and second waveform is the control signal of switch Q2, and Vp is the voltage at primary coil two ends, and Vos is a synchronous rectification voltage, and Vo is an output voltage.Switch Q1 and switch Q2 are the complementary operation pattern, and promptly when switch Q1 conducting, switch Q2 ends, and the duty ratio of switch Q1 and Q2 is near 50%.The working method of DC-DC converter can be divided into one of four states, wherein first state is switch Q1 conducting and switch Q2 ends, this moment, the voltage of primary coil 28 was coupled to first secondary coil 30 via iron core 22, followed store energy in the first equivalent inductance L21.When switch Q2 will be by when forwarding the state of conducting to, for preventing switch Q1 and switch Q2 conducting simultaneously, cause short circuit to make the serious consequence of circuit burnout, must enter second state earlier, be that switch Q1 and switch Q2 are the situation of ending, Td is called deadline (dead time) during this period of time, this moment, the primary coil 28 of commutator transformer 20 did not have energy to be coupled to 30 of first secondary coil 30 and second subprime coil 32, the first secondary coils the energy that Last status is stored in the first equivalent inductance L21 is sent to output capacitance 26 fully.Then enter the 3rd state, promptly switch Q1 by and switch Q2 conducting, this moment primary coil 28 voltage be coupled to second subprime coil 32 via iron core 22, make second subprime coil 32 with store energy in the second equivalent inductance L22.Similarly, when switch Q1 will also must make switch Q1 and switch Q2 end earlier by when forwarding the state of conducting to, cause circuit burnout to avoid short circuit, this is an one of four states, gets back to first state afterwards again, and so circulation is gone down.
Figure 8 shows that the oscillogram of the output voltage of existing DC-DC converter 10, its input voltage vin=48V, output voltage V o=5V, output current Io=10A, the ripple peak of output voltage is 42mV to peak value, delivery efficiency is 90%.Figure 9 shows that the oscillogram of the output voltage of DC-DC converter 20 of the present invention, its input voltage vin=48V, output voltage V o=5V, output current Io=10A, the ripple peak of output voltage is 31.9mV to peak value, delivery efficiency is 90.5%.By the experiment simulation data as can be known, commutator transformer 20 of the present invention can reduce the ripple peak of output voltage of DC-DC converter 40 to peak value, and improves the delivery efficiency of DC-DC converter 40.
Figure 10 and Figure 11 are depicted as the schematic diagram of EE sections core 100 and EI sections core 110 respectively.Though 22 need of iron core shown in Figure 5 form air gap 34 and 36 on second socle 222 and the 3rd socle 223, yet in practical application, if all form air gap on three socles of iron core, with easier reaching, and manufacturing cost is also lower.As Figure 10 and shown in Figure 11, air gap 1010,1020 is all arranged, 1030 and 1110,1120,1130 respectively on iron core 100 and 110 three socles 101,102,103 and 111,112,113.The employed iron core of commutator transformer of the present invention, except EE and EI type, EQ sections core 120 also shown in Figure 12 or RM sections core 130 as shown in figure 13 etc.In addition, the size of the air gap of iron core approximately only needs to get final product between 0.02-0.07mm.
From the above, commutator transformer of the present invention uses the iron core with air gap, common have an EE, EI, pattern such as EQ or RM iron core, the secondary coil of commutator transformer need be wound in the socle that iron core has air gap again, to produce equivalent inductance, commutator transformer just must not add outputting inductance like this, the output voltage noise that can suppress commutator transformer, and the commutator transformer behind the integration outputting inductance, can dwindle the volume of product, reduce the loss of inductance, and improve the efficient of DC-DC converter, and, integrate the power density that also can improve product behind the outputting inductance.
Compared with prior art, commutator transformer utilization of the present invention has the iron core of air gap and secondary The canoe of coil is integrated in iron core with outputting inductance, has saved at printed circuit board (PCB) and has made electricity The space of sense. Existing commutator transformer must form outputting inductance at printed circuit board (PCB), to suppress defeated Go out the noise of voltage, yet inductance element but can take the space of more printed circuit board (PCB), increase product Volume, and be subject to the specification of outputting inductance, the impedance meeting causes the loss of electric power, reduces electric power The efficient of conversion. Commutator transformer of the present invention must not made inductance at printed circuit board (PCB), can suppress Therefore the noise of output voltage can reduce the loss of inductance, improves efficient and the product of commutator transformer The power density of product.
Claims (11)
1. a commutator transformer is characterized in that, described commutator transformer comprises:
Iron core has air gap, and it comprises first socle, second socle and the 3rd socle, and wherein, described second socle has first air gap, and described the 3rd socle has interstice;
Primary coil;
First secondary coil is wound in described first socle and described second socle, and described first secondary coil produces first inductance by described first air gap; And
The second subprime coil is wound in described first socle and described the 3rd socle, and described second subprime coil produces second inductance by described interstice.
2. commutator transformer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the size of the air gap of described iron core is 0.02-0.07mm.
3. commutator transformer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described iron core is EE, EI, EQ or RM sections core.
4. commutator transformer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described primary coil is wound in described first socle.
5. commutator transformer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described first socle comprises the 3rd air gap.
6. commutator transformer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described first socle does not have any air gap.
7. a DC-DC converter comprises input filter, does not have control semi-bridge convertor, commutator transformer, synchronous rectifier and output capacitance, it is characterized in that described commutator transformer is integrated in outputting inductance wherein, and comprises:
Iron core with air gap, it comprises first socle, has second socle of first air gap, and the 3rd socle with interstice;
Be wound in the primary coil of described first socle;
First secondary coil is wound in described first socle and described second socle, and produces first inductance by described first air gap; And
The second subprime coil is wound in described first socle and described the 3rd socle, and produces second inductance by described interstice.
8. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the size of gaps of described iron core is 0.02-0.07mm.
9. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described iron core is EE, EI, EQ or RM sections core.
10. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described first socle comprises the 3rd air gap.
11. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described output capacitance is connected in first secondary coil of described commutator transformer and the centre tap end of second subprime coil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100509465A CN100437846C (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2004-07-28 | DC transformer, and DC/DC converter of using the DC transformer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100509465A CN100437846C (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2004-07-28 | DC transformer, and DC/DC converter of using the DC transformer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1728298A CN1728298A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
| CN100437846C true CN100437846C (en) | 2008-11-26 |
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| CNB2004100509465A Expired - Fee Related CN100437846C (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2004-07-28 | DC transformer, and DC/DC converter of using the DC transformer |
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| DE102012106260A1 (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-16 | Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. | Multiphase stray field transformer for storage and filtering |
| CN104701000B (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2018-05-08 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | Integrated magnet assembly is with applying its full-wave rectification converter |
| CN105893677B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2018-10-19 | 上海交通大学 | DC distribution net commutator transformer power voltage characteristic Simulation model and emulation mode |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004040600A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-13 | Pyongyang Technical Trading Centre | Transformer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004040600A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-13 | Pyongyang Technical Trading Centre | Transformer |
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