CN100436344C - Two-section type subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment method - Google Patents

Two-section type subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment method Download PDF

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CN100436344C
CN100436344C CNB2005100437885A CN200510043788A CN100436344C CN 100436344 C CN100436344 C CN 100436344C CN B2005100437885 A CNB2005100437885 A CN B2005100437885A CN 200510043788 A CN200510043788 A CN 200510043788A CN 100436344 C CN100436344 C CN 100436344C
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current wetland
sewage
processing unit
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sewage treatment
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CN1880243A (en
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宋志文
孙贤风
王玮
阎逊
徐敏
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Qindao University Of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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Abstract

The invention relates to a two-section type subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment method, which comprises a grating, a sedimentation tank and A, B two sections of subsurface flow wetland treatment units, wherein large solids in sewage are removed through the grating, small solids are removed through sedimentation in the sedimentation tank, then the sewage is discharged into A, B sections of subsurface flow wetland treatment units, the sewage is respectively kept for a period of time, water flowing out of the B section of subsurface flow wetland treatment unit is disinfected to obtain treated clean water, and nitrobacteria are periodically added into the B section of subsurface flow wetland treatment unit. The method can efficiently remove pollutants in the sewage, particularly can improve the removal effect of the subsurface flow wetland on nitrogen and phosphorus, and can be widely used for treating the sewage in small towns and residential areas.

Description

A kind of two-segment type latent current wetland sewage treatment method
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of city domestic sewage treatment technology, particularly a kind of two-segment type latent current wetland sewage treatment method, this technology is particularly suitable for the purifying treatment of samll cities and towns and Residential areas sanitary sewage.
Background technology:
Artificial swamp is the artificial ecosystem of simulating nature wetland, it is a kind of by artificial construction and supervision and control, similar ground marshy, utilizes physics, chemistry and biological triple synergies in the natural ecosystems to realize cleaning action to sewage.Compare with traditional sewage second-level biochemical processing process, artificial swamp has that good purification, processing unit are simple, the during-operation service convenient management, energy consumption is low, system configuration plasticity-strong,, engineering capital construction strong to load variations adaptability and working cost is low, water outlet has certain biological safety, ecological environment benefit significantly, can realize the characteristics such as resource utilization of waste water, it obtains people's attention just more and more.Over nearly 10 years, external artificial swamp development has become the main treatment facility of small and medium-sized cities sewage disposal rapidly, and this technology equally also is a sewage disposal technology that is fit to China's national situation, especially is fit to the sanitary sewage disposal of small city and Residential areas.
The history that the utilization artificial swamp is disposed of sewage can be traced back to 1903, this that build Britain Yorkshire Earby in be construed to artificial swamp that first place in the world is used to dispose of sewage continuously operation up to 1992, and the artificial swamp sewage treatment comes into one's own all over the world and used, and proposes at 1970's German scholar Kickuth still that root district's method (The Root-Zone-Method) begins after theoretical.The test of the artificial swamp that first is complete starts from 1974, is to carry out at the Othfrensen of Germany.Over nearly 10 years, state's artificial swamp development such as Britain, Germany, France, Australia, Brazil, Holland are rapid, and it not only becomes the important sewage disposal measure of middle samll cities and towns, and become the important technology of rainwater processing, Industrial Wastewater Treatment.At present, the existing hundreds of artificial swamp in Europe is among operation, and its treatment scale varies, and (the wetland area is about 40m to the waste water of only handling single household of scale minimum 2), sweeping occupation of land reaches 5000m 2, in order to handle the sanitary sewage of the villages and small towns discharging of population more than 1000 people.Recently, also begin using artificial wet land technical finesse municipal effluent in some developing countries.
China carries out the research of artificial swamp in the enforcement period of the seventh five-year plan, respectively in Changping, Beijing, ground such as Shenzhen white clay hole, Tianjin builds up the artificial swamp treatment project of different treatment scale, developed into practical stage now.
Can be divided into two types of free flow surface constructed wetland and subsurface constructed wetlands to artificial swamp according to the flow pattern of sewage in artificial swamp.In the external artificial swamp that is built up, subsurface constructed wetland accounts for sizable ratio.In about 80 artificial wet land systems that use in New Zealand, the surface current wetland accounts for 45%, and subsurface constructed wetland accounts for 33%, and the mixed type artificial swamp accounts for 14%.In ground artificial wet land treating systems that built up and that building such as the U.S., Europe, Australia and South Africa, major part is a undercurrent type wetland.
Horizontal drowned flow artificial wet land is a kind of in the current wetland, crosses bed of packings because of sewage from an end horizontal flow and gains the name.Compare with free flow surface constructed wetland, the hydraulic load and the pollution load of horizontal drowned flow artificial wet land are big, removal effect to contamination indexs such as BOD, COD, SS, heavy metals is good, and seldom foul smelling and multiply the mosquitos and flies phenomenon is a kind of wet land treating system of more in the world research at present and application.Its shortcoming is the control relative complex, the poor effect of denitrogenation, dephosphorization.
The removal of nitrogen mainly is nitrated, the denitrification by microorganism in the current wetland, plant absorbing and volatilization, the volatilization of the absorption of matrix, filtration, precipitation and ammonia etc.Nitrated, denitrification is topmost approach, in treating processes, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitric nitrogen under the nitrobacteria effect, the latter further is converted into free nitrogen by denitrifying bacterium, and wherein nitrification is the restricted step in the whole nitrogen transformation process.Nitrobacteria is made up of two big physiological groups, and the oxidation ammonia nitrogen is that the nitrite bacteria and the oxidation nitrite nitrogen of nitrite nitrogen is the nitrobacteria of nitric nitrogen.This two big class flora synergy is converted into nitric nitrogen with ammonia nitrogen jointly.Studies show that the concentration of nitrobacteria is directly proportional with rate of nitrification in the sewage, biological denitrificaion is had crucial meaning so improve the concentration of nitrobacteria.The removal of organic pollutant and nitrogen phosphorus is finished in same structures in the conventional current wetland Sewage treatment systems, because nitrobacteria is a chemoautotrophic bacteria, the speed of growth is extremely slow, with the competition of heterotrophic bacterium in do not preponderate, therefore nitrobacteria can not become dominant microflora in common current wetland Sewage treatment systems, causes system's nitric efficiency low.
Wetland is that the synergy of several respects such as physical chemistry of the absorption of accumulation, plant by microorganism and bed of packings is finished to the removal of phosphorus.All things considered, the phosphorus path for transformation in wet land system is mainly: organophosphorus is decomposing oxidation under microbial process, and bacterium, algae and other biological absorb the synthetic new cell of inorganic phosphorus, and the conversion between titanium pigment and the insolubility phosphorus.Different matrix has very big influence to the clearance of phosphorus.The physico-chemical property of current wetland mesostroma has a significant impact the clearance of phosphorus, can significantly improve the dephosphorization ability of undercurrent type wet land system by the screening of matrix.
Be the denitrogenation dephosphorizing effect of the current wetland of improving the standard, some scholars have carried out multiple trial, as adopt the periodic change depth of water to impel root system to grow to depth, increase the exposure water surface or overland flow district to promote surperficial reoxygenation effect; Adopt the intermittently mode of water distribution; Adopt frequent injection and a plurality of parallel bed of round-robin system to make the oxygen of atmosphere enter into medium; By setting up pneumatic tube for the wetland system, utilize the fast row of flood irrigation to make the abundant air inlet of system, improve the nitration reaction ability of system with the content that increases inner dissolved oxygen.And the employing zeolite is as the matrix of current wetland, utilize zeolite that the adsorptive power of ammonia nitrogen is improved the removal ability of system to ammonia nitrogen, but because zeolite is limited to the adsorptive power of ammonia nitrogen, saturated phenomenon can appear after after a while, zeolite regeneration then needs very high cost, has limited the use of this method thus.The method that improves the dephosphorization ability mainly is by screening phosphorus to be had the matrix of favourable absorption ability, as shale etc.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome in the prior art current wetland nitrogen phosphorus is removed inefficient shortcoming, a kind of current wetland sewage treatment process of two-section type is provided, this treatment technology can be removed pollutants in sewage efficiently, particularly can improve the removal effect of current wetland to nitrogen phosphorus.
The method of this invention is a kind of sewage treatment process that is based upon on the two-segment type latent current wetland treatment system basis, this Sewage treatment systems is by grid, settling tank, A, two sections current wetland processing units of B are formed, earlier pending sewage is removed big solids through grid, remove little solids through the settling tank precipitation again, then sewage is successively entered A, two sections current wetland processing units of B, stop certain hour respectively, periodically in B section current wetland processing unit, add nitrobacteria, effusive water from B section current wetland processing unit carried out disinfection can obtain clear water, and the principal feature of this treatment system is as follows:
(1) Sewage treatment systems that the present invention adopts is made up of A section and two placed in-line current wetland sewage disposals of B section unit, and the long-width ratio of A, two sections current wetland processing units of B is 2-5: 1, and preferred 20 meters and 10 meters of length and width are 1-1.5 rice deeply.
(2) plant of A of the present invention, two sections current wetland processing units of B earth surface planting has a very high oxygen carrying capacity for verified, and the plant to pollutents such as nitrogen phosphorus have the good absorption assimilative capacity is mainly the one or more combination in Canna generalis Bailey, calamus, the Spiked Loosestrife.
(3) matrix that adopted of two sections current wetland processing units of A of the present invention, B is two kinds of compounded mixs that material makes up by a certain percentage, these fillers have good binding ability to elements such as nitrogen phosphorus, can be used as the carrier and the matrix of microorganism and plant-growth simultaneously again.Its main component is slag, zeolite and rubble (granite matter), the ratio of its A section current wetland processing unit medium stone and slag is 6-10: 1, the ratio of B section current wetland processing unit mesolite and slag is 10-15: 1, and concrete ratio can be adjusted according to nitrogen and phosphorus content in the sewage.
(4) regeneration of B section current wetland processing unit mesolite is finished by the method that regularly adds the nitrobacteria culture in wetland unit, and the cycle of adding is every 4-6 month 1 time, and dosage is the 2-5 ‰ that accounts for the zeolite quality.
(5) processed sewage is 12-24 hour in the A section current wetland processing unit residence time, is 12-24 hour in the B section current wetland processing unit residence time, and the total residence time in treatment system is 24-48 hour.
(6) the present invention can carry out the serial or parallel connection use with a plurality of systems according to sewage load, and this method can improve sewage treating efficiency effectively, and makes things convenient for the maintenance of Sewage treatment systems.
Find that through experimental result this invention can remove COD, the BOD in the sanitary sewage effectively 5, SS, NH 4 +-N and TP, effluent quality are better than town sewage secondary discharge standard (COD≤100mg/L, BOD 5≤ 30mg/L, SS≤30mg/L, NH 4 +-N≤25mg/L and TP≤3mg/L).Table 1 has provided the effect data of handling sanitary sewage with the inventive method.
Table 1 two-segment type latent current wetland is to the treatment effect of sanitary sewage
Figure C20051004378800061
Embodiment:
Adopt two-segment type latent current wetland art breading sanitary sewage in the somewhere, Shandong Province, earlier pending sewage is removed the big solids of size through grid, remove the little solids of size through the settling tank precipitation again, then sewage is successively entered two sections current wetland processing units of A, B, 10m is taken up an area of in the entire treatment system 2, the processing water yield is 9m 3/ d.Wherein A section current wetland processing unit takes up an area of 5m 2, being of a size of 5.0 * 1.0 * 1.5 (m), effective residence time of sewage is 13.3 hours, and filling substrate is rubble and slag, and ratio is 10: 1, particle diameter 10-15mm, serike is a Canna generalis Bailey; B section current wetland processing unit takes up an area of 5m 2Be of a size of 5.0 * 1.0 * 1.5 (m), effective residence time of sewage is 13.3 hours, and filling substrate is zeolite and slag, ratio is 15: 1, particle diameter 10-15mm, serike is calamus and Spiked Loosestrife, adds one time nitrobacteria in the B section in per four months, dosage is to account for 3 ‰ of zeolite quality, the water that saves out from the B section carried out disinfection can obtain after treatment clear water, utilizes this system that sanitary sewage is handled, and treatment effect is as follows:
Figure C20051004378800071

Claims (6)

1, a kind of two-segment type latent current wetland sewage treatment method, it is characterized in that by grid, precipitation ground, two sections placed in-line current wetland processing units of A and B are formed, earlier pending sewage is removed the big solids of size through grid, remove the little solids of size through the settling tank precipitation again, then sewage is successively entered A, two sections current wetland processing units of B, stay for some time respectively, periodically add the regeneration that nitrobacteria is finished zeolite in B section current wetland processing unit, effusive water from B section current wetland processing unit is carried out disinfection obtains after treatment clear water.
2, two-segment type latent current wetland sewage treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the long-width ratio of A, two sections current wetland processing units of B is 2-5: 1, and be 1-1.5 rice deeply.
3, two-segment type latent current wetland sewage treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the one or more combination in A, two sections current wetland processing units of B earth surface planting Canna generalis Bailey, calamus, the Spiked Loosestrife.
4, two-segment type latent current wetland sewage treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the matrix main component that two sections current wetland processing units of A, B are adopted is slag, zeolite and rubble, the ratio of A section current wetland processing unit medium stone and slag is 6-10: 1, and the ratio of B section current wetland processing unit mesolite and slag is 10-15: 1.
5, two-segment type latent current wetland sewage treatment method according to claim 1, the regeneration that it is characterized in that B section current wetland processing unit mesolite is finished by the method that regularly adds the nitrobacteria culture in B section current wetland processing unit, the cycle of adding is every 4-6 month 1 time, and dosage is the 2-5 ‰ that accounts for the zeolite quality.
6, two-segment type latent current wetland sewage treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that processed sewage is 12-24 hour in the A section current wetland processing unit residence time, is 12-24 hour in the B section current wetland processing unit residence time.
CNB2005100437885A 2005-06-14 2005-06-14 Two-section type subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment method Expired - Fee Related CN100436344C (en)

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CN100513326C (en) * 2006-12-26 2009-07-15 封华强 domestic sewage ecological treatment device
CN102553387B (en) * 2012-02-17 2014-05-07 新兴铸管股份有限公司 Secondary dust removal system for stainless steel smelting and ordinary steel smelting
CN103896462B (en) * 2014-04-19 2015-06-24 岭南园林股份有限公司 Wetland plant sewage disposal system and sewage disposal method

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