CN1004326B - 沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林方法 - Google Patents

沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林方法 Download PDF

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CN1004326B
CN1004326B CN85109388.4A CN85109388A CN1004326B CN 1004326 B CN1004326 B CN 1004326B CN 85109388 A CN85109388 A CN 85109388A CN 1004326 B CN1004326 B CN 1004326B
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CN85109388A (zh
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松迪扎布
李淑琴
孟苏日
孟世贵
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation

Abstract

一种提高沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林成活率的方法，其特征在于，用异坡苗在阳坡移植，先把苗木在阴坡或半阴坡密植一两年，然后春季，雨季起用适应野外条件的带土苗在阳坡造林，在造林穴的南侧设埂遮荫，在穴上侧开个字形引水沟，巧用雨水，为移植苗的成活，生长创造适宜的环境，从而扩大森林资源，改善生态环境。

Description

沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林方法
沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林的方法，是一种扩大森林资源、发展林业的技术措施。
目前，在沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林，成活率很低。岩石裸露地段搞鱼鳞坑、水平沟，其造林成本太高。这两方面的问题造成这些地区造林进度缓慢，花钱不少，效果不大。这是长期没有解决的实际问题。
本发明的目的在于，用少花钱和简便易行的方法，提高沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林成活率，加快林业现代化建设，提高森林覆盖率，改善生态环境。
提高沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林成活率的方法，其内容是：在用冻器实生苗（含义是由冻在营养器具中的种子实生的苗木），容器苗、冻器移植苗（含义是冻在营养器具中移植成活的苗木）和带土裸根苗等活壮苗造林时。除采用井字形围夹苗干造林法。压干露梢造林法、青蛙式遮荫造林法、拦沙插枝造林法、生物遮荫造林法、个字形引水沟造林法和全苗覆盖造林法等措施以外，着重用异坡苗在阳坡移植造林法。
本发明的优点和效果是：是异坡活壮苗在阳坡移植，这种移植苗由于经受野外环境锻炼并已适应，所以能有效地抵制干寒风、干热风和强烈光照对移植苗的不良影响。上述这些造林措施相互配合，能够降低蒸、腾，减少蒸发，巧用雨水，保持土壤湿度，降低地表温度和防冻防鼠。尤其是用异坡苗在阳坡移植，能把荒山干旱阳坡樟子松和落叶松造林成活率由30%左右提高到70-97%以上。在沙丘干旱阳坡樟子松（不栽落叶松）造林成活率同样也是比较高的。用一年生冻器实生苗、容器苗、冻器移植苗和裸根苗在异坡进行密植就可以节约第二年、第三年的育苗管理费。在阳坡移植时，采用小穴栽植法。而不是用鱼鳞坑、水平沟造林法，所以，这种方法可使造林费用降低10%左右。加上较高的成活率和保存率，其经济社会效益都是较高的。
用异坡苗在阳坡移植的具体方法是，先把樟子松、落叶松裸根苗、冻器实生苗、容器苗，冻器移植苗在阴坡、半阴坡密植一两年，然后春季雨季起用带土苗在阳坡移植，把樟子松移植于沙丘和荒山的阳坡，落叶松移植于荒山的阳坡。移植穴的长、宽、深度各30厘米，移植穴的南侧选用草皮、石块、块状牛粪、土块、杂草（掺土沙）一类材料设埂遮荫，使埂株相靠。在移植穴的上侧开八字形或个字形引水沟。每道沟的宽度为3-5厘米、深度为2-3厘米，长度为30-100厘米，使字形尖头插入穴中。为移植苗的成活、生长创造适宜的环境。
试验表明，如果采用本发明技术在沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林，那么就会出现加速绿化国土、改善生态环境的新局面。

Claims (3)

1、一种沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林方法，其特征在于，用异坡苗在阳坡移植，先把樟子松、落叶松裸根苗、冻器实生苗、容器苗和冻器移植苗在阴坡或半阴坡密植一两年，然后春季、雨季起用带土苗在阳坡移植，移植穴的南侧筑埂遮荫，使埂株相靠，在穴上侧开八字形或个字形引水沟，使字形尖头插入穴中。
2、如权利要求1所述的造林方法，其特征在于，樟子松异坡苗可在沙丘和荒山阳坡移植。而落叶松异坡苗要在荒山阳坡移植。
3、如权利要求1所述的造林方法，其特征在于，阳坡移植穴的长、宽、深度各30厘米。
CN85109388.4A 1985-12-24 1985-12-24 沙丘和荒山干旱阳坡造林方法 Expired CN1004326B (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101715708B (zh) * 2010-01-09 2011-06-01 孙明文 一种坡面植树造林方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102239781A (zh) * 2011-04-28 2011-11-16 北京师范大学 高寒半干旱地区具鳞水柏枝快速扦插繁殖造林方法
CN103650823A (zh) * 2012-09-25 2014-03-26 河北农业大学 华北落叶松人工诱导天然更新技术
CN104823804B (zh) * 2015-05-26 2017-05-17 河北省林业科学研究院 一种干旱石质阳坡油松育苗造林方法
CN104920138B (zh) * 2015-05-27 2017-07-07 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 南方松造林前苗木干旱胁迫预处理的方法
CN105830837B (zh) * 2016-03-25 2019-03-12 苏梓骁 一种半干旱山丘区四季免浇灌造林方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101715708B (zh) * 2010-01-09 2011-06-01 孙明文 一种坡面植树造林方法

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