CN100432530C - Internal combustion circulating energy conversion system for supercritical oxidation - Google Patents
Internal combustion circulating energy conversion system for supercritical oxidation Download PDFInfo
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- CN100432530C CN100432530C CNB2005100453924A CN200510045392A CN100432530C CN 100432530 C CN100432530 C CN 100432530C CN B2005100453924 A CNB2005100453924 A CN B2005100453924A CN 200510045392 A CN200510045392 A CN 200510045392A CN 100432530 C CN100432530 C CN 100432530C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an internal combustion circulating energy conversion system for supercritical oxidation, which belongs to the fields of energy source and environment. The internal combustion circulating energy conversion system comprises a fuel mixer, a high pressure measurement pump, a preheater, a supercritical reactor, a counterbalance valve, a primary heat exchanger, an oxygen gas tank, a gas booster pump, a cooling water box, a water pump, a primary gas-liquid segregator, a secondary heat exchanger and a secondary gas-liquid segregator for forming a completely communicated system, and has high efficiency. The system can recycle the CO2 with high concentration, and the discharge of NOx, SO2 and dust is low. No poisonous and harmful substance is generated. The system has wide fuel application, and coal dust, biologic substances, various industrial organic substances and organic waste water can be used as fuel oxidization combustion. The present invention is widely applied to the field of heat source with low pollution and high-grade requirement.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to power conversion and field of environment protection, particularly a kind of in high pressure-temperature water oxidized (burning) produce the energy transformation method of heat energy (steam).
Two, background technology
Supercritical water oxidation technology (be called for short SCWO) is a kind of technology that can the exhaustive oxidation decomposing organic matter.Under super critical condition, need not mechanical agitation, organic matter, air (or oxygen) and water homogeneous phase mix, and the beginning spontaneous oxidation need not extraneous heat supply, and in very short reaction time, organic matter can be oxidized to CO rapidly
2And H
2O.Can be used for eliminating and the various poisonous and harmful substances of oxidation.
Burning in the conventional boiler stove can produce multiple harmful substances:, as the NO of boiler combustion
XDischarge capacity is generally 500～1200mg/Nm
3, 80%NO wherein
XBe that airborne nitrogen high temp oxidation generates; SO in the flue gas
2Discharge capacity decide on sulfur content in fuel; Also can produce volume of smoke during fuel combustion, carry secretly in the flue dust and adsorb heavy metal, fine dust also is one of atmosphere major pollutants.Because CO
2Exceed the quata the discharging, cause Global Greenhouse Effect.For slowing down greenhouse effects, countries in the world are for reducing discharging CO
2Take all kinds of measures.But because CO in the combustion product gases
2Content is general about 10%, increases intractability because of concentration is low.
Utilize at present in the method and apparatus of supercritical oxidation system handles fuel, do not propose the design of the Conversion and Utilization of energy.As application number is that 200310109657.3 Chinese patent disclosed " method that a kind of low-order coal transforms in subcritical or supercritical water continuously " has only been described the method that low-order coal is mixed with the conversion of water-coal-slurry under subcritical and super critical condition, and the utilization of energy is not mentioned after transforming.Application number is the Design of device that 200320109943.5 Chinese patent disclosed " black liquor supercritical water oxidation device " has also only provided a kind of black liquor supercritical oxidation process, for the utilization of energy after the oxidation, the collection of various product and processing do not make further instructions.Application number is that 00137125.8 Chinese patent and European patent disclosed " method of sewage disposal of supercritical water oxidation method flow-type and energy supply and device " only relate to the method and apparatus that a kind of supercritical water oxidation is disposed of sewage, can not combustion refuse, material such as living beings, coal.What illustrate is a kind of method of overcritical hydrogen manufacturing to the Chinese patent of the patent No. 02114529.6 disclosed " the continuous supercritical water gasification hydrogen-producing method and apparatus of organic solid-state material ", rather than oxidation operation and utilize energy.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, oxidized in high-temperature high pressure water (burning) generation heat energy (steam) that provide a kind of efficient height, show significant environmental friendliness characteristic, fuel adapts to extensively, has a extensive future and the burning of oxidized in supercritical water that is used produce the energy transformation method of heat energy.
The present invention realizes in the following manner:
A kind of in supercritical water oxidized (burning) produce energy transformation method---the supercritical oxidation internal combustion energy conversion system of heat energy (steam).It comprises fuel mixer, high-pressure metering pump, preheater, supercritical reaction device, counterbalance valve, first-class heat exchanger, oxygen tank, gas boosting pump, cooling water tank, water pump, one-level gas-liquid separator, secondary heat exchanger, secondary gas-liquid separator, forms a complete system that links to each other.
Above-mentioned energy transformation method is characterized in that fuel mixer links to each other with the supercritical reaction device with preheater by high-pressure metering pump; Oxygen tank links to each other with the supercritical reaction device by the gas boosting pump; The supercritical reaction device links to each other with first-class heat exchanger by counterbalance valve; First-class heat exchanger links to each other with the secondary gas-liquid separator with secondary heat exchanger respectively by the one-level gas-liquid separator; Cooling water tank links to each other with first-class heat exchanger, secondary heat exchanger, secondary gas-liquid separator respectively by water pump.
Above-mentioned energy transformation method is characterized in that fuel pushes preheater from fuel mixer through high-pressure metering pump, enters the supercritical reaction device then, simultaneously O
2Enter the supercritical reaction device from oxygen tank through the gas boosting pump, the reaction of fuel and oxygen generation supercritical oxidation generates supercritical gas and solid product in the supercritical reaction device.
Above-mentioned energy transformation method is characterized in that entering in the middle of the first-class heat exchanger by counterbalance valve through the supercritical gas that produces behind the supercritical reaction device, and solid product is discharged from the supercritical reaction device.
Above-mentioned energy transformation method, the supercritical gas that it is characterized in that discharging from first-class heat exchanger separate in the aqueous water that supercritical water becomes HTHP and other gaseous products and enter secondary heat exchanger behind the one-level gas-liquid separator.
Above-mentioned energy transformation method is characterized in that from the gas of one-level gas-liquid separator discharge, behind the secondary gas-liquid separator, and CO
2From other gaseous products, separate and enter from the gaseous state liquefy and concentrate recovery in the secondary gas-liquid separator.
Above-mentioned energy transformation method is characterized in that reacted supercritical gas passes through first-class heat exchanger; Be exactly the process that the heat that supercritical gas is entrained utilizes simultaneously, the heat that supercritical gas carries passes to cooling water by first-class heat exchanger.
Above-mentioned energy transformation method, it is characterized in that passing through secondary heat exchanger from the high-temperature high pressure water that the one-level gas-liquid separator separates is come out, be exactly the process that the heat that high-temperature high pressure water is entrained utilizes simultaneously, the heat that high-temperature high pressure water carries passes to cooling water by secondary heat exchanger
Above-mentioned energy transformation method, the pressure of system and the fluid flow counterbalance valve after by the supercritical reaction device is controlled.
This method reaction temperature is lower, so do not have NO substantially
xGeneration.
Before reaction, basifier is fully mixed with reactant, begin SO so work as oxidation
2Just begun to generate, will be neutralized generation sulfate, again because inorganic salts solubility in supercritical water is very low, so can separate out and separate.So do not have SO
2Be discharged in the middle of the environment.
The supercritical gas of discharging in supercritical reaction device reaction finishing back is mainly by steam, CO
2And excess of oxygen is formed.Because CO
2And oxygen is different with the temperature, pressure of the super critical point of water, and we can control the parameter of heat transfer process, makes reacted gaseous product through after the first-class heat exchanger, and temperature, pressure drops to CO
2The critical-point pressure temperature on, this moment steam liquefy and CO
2And oxygen still is in supercriticality, whereby in the one-level gas-liquid separator with CO
2Separate from water with oxygen.Same principle in the secondary gas-liquid separator with CO
2From excess of oxygen, separate and concentrate and recycle.
Because most of dust impurity is insoluble to supercritical water, so can be separated easily.
This method fuel adapts to wide, coal dust, living beings, all types of industries organic matter, the organic wastewater oxidizing fire that can act as a fuel, can be widely used in the field of low pollution and demand high-grade thermal source, be specially adapted to concentrated supply of heating in the city and take into account organic wastewater and garbage disposal.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1 is that fuel mixer, 2 is that high-pressure metering pump, 3 is that preheater, 4 is that supercritical reaction device, 5 counterbalance valves, 6 are that first-class heat exchanger, 7 is that oxygen tank, 8 is that gas boosting pump, 9 is that cooling water tank, 10 is that water pump, 11 is that one-level gas-liquid separator, 12 is that secondary heat exchanger, 13 is the secondary gas-liquid separator.
Five, the specific embodiment
Provide four embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
At first water is mixed in fuel mixer (1) with coal dust and grind pulping, use high-pressure metering pump (2) that mixture is boosted and push preheater (3) preheating, enter then in the supercritical reaction device (4); Oxygen by gas boosting pump (8) supercharging, enters supercritical reaction device (4) the inside from oxygen tank (7) equally.Be 25MPa under the overcritical situation, fuel and oxygen react more than 400 ℃, generate postcritical gaseous product and solid mixture.By gas solid separation, solid is discharged system, supercritical gas enters first-class heat exchanger (6) and carries out heat exchange.In one-level gas-liquid separator (11), realize aqueous water and CO down for 7 to 22MPa, 30 to 350 ℃
2Wait the separation of other gases, high-temperature water continues cooling through secondary heat exchanger (12); In secondary gas-liquid separator (13), realize CO down for 5 to 7MPa, 20 to 30 ℃
2With the separating and reclaim of other gases.Add alkali in the system and adjust acidity of water and realize solid sulphur, finish a circulation.
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is to change fuel into high concentrated organic wastewater, when reclaiming in the waste water organic heat, and the solution waste water pollution problem of purifying liquid waste.Remaining flow process is identical with embodiment 1.
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is to change fuel into stalk, and remaining flow process is identical with embodiment 1.
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that air is replaced to oxygen to react, and remaining flow process is identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of in supercritical water oxidized burning produce the energy transformation method of heat energy, comprise that fuel mixer, high-pressure metering pump, preheater, supercritical reaction device, counterbalance valve, first-class heat exchanger, one-level gas-liquid separator, secondary heat exchanger, secondary gas-liquid separator constitute; It is characterized in that fuel mixer links to each other with the supercritical reaction device with preheater by high-pressure metering pump; Oxygen tank links to each other with the supercritical reaction device by the gas boosting pump; The supercritical reaction device links to each other with first-class heat exchanger by counterbalance valve; First-class heat exchanger links to each other with the secondary gas-liquid separator with secondary heat exchanger respectively by the one-level gas-liquid separator; Cooling water tank links to each other with first-class heat exchanger, secondary heat exchanger, secondary gas-liquid separator respectively by water pump; Fuel pushes preheater from fuel mixer through high-pressure metering pump, enters the supercritical reaction device then, simultaneously O
2Enter the supercritical reaction device from oxygen tank through the gas boosting pump, the reaction of fuel and oxygen generation supercritical oxidation generates supercritical gas and solid product in the supercritical reaction device.
2, according to claim 1 a kind of in supercritical water oxidized burning produce the energy transformation method of heat energy, it is characterized in that entering in the middle of the first-class heat exchanger by counterbalance valve through the supercritical gas that produces behind the supercritical reaction device, solid product is discharged from the supercritical reaction device.
3, according to claim 1 a kind of in supercritical water oxidized burning produce the energy transformation method of heat energy, the supercritical gas that it is characterized in that discharging from first-class heat exchanger is behind the one-level gas-liquid separator, and supercritical water becomes the aqueous water of HTHP and from CO
2Wait in other gaseous products and separate, enter into secondary heat exchanger.
4, according to claim 1 a kind of in supercritical water oxidized burning produce the energy transformation method of heat energy, it is characterized in that the gas of discharging from the one-level gas-liquid separator, behind the secondary gas-liquid separator, CO
2Separate from other gaseous products from the gaseous state liquefy, and concentrate and reclaim, other gases also can be concentrated recovery.
5, according to claim 1 a kind of in supercritical water oxidized burning produce the energy transformation method of heat energy, it is characterized in that the counterbalance valve after the pressure of system and fluid flow are by the supercritical reaction device is controlled.
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| CNB2005100453924A CN100432530C (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Internal combustion circulating energy conversion system for supercritical oxidation |
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| CNB2005100453924A CN100432530C (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Internal combustion circulating energy conversion system for supercritical oxidation |
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| CN100432530C true CN100432530C (en) | 2008-11-12 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
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| CN102874916B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-23 | 西安交通大学 | Supercritical water gasification-oxidation method for treating organic wastewater and recycling synthesis gas |
| CN105604618B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-05-25 | 华北电力大学 | Supercritical water coal dust direct oxidation composite work medium cycle generating system and method |
| CN111412022B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-02-09 | 西安交通大学 | Coal supercritical water gasification power generation system for controlling available energy loss and working method |
| CN111947139A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-11-17 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | CO based on chemical chain combustion coupling supercritical hydrothermal reaction2Trapping system and working method |
| CN112594695A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-04-02 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | Supercritical water gasification device for industrial garbage |
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