CN100429529C - Method for determining air layer using acoustic wave split-double pole transverse wave well-logging data - Google Patents
Method for determining air layer using acoustic wave split-double pole transverse wave well-logging data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method of utilizing full wave column and dipolar lateral wave well-logging data to confirm gas layer includes setting up lateral-longitudinal wave conversion cross map of various gas saturation degree at gas reservoir in exploration area according to known rock physical character, utilizing acoustic wave data lateral wave time difference to confirm longitudinal wave time difference at various gas saturation degree, measuring longitudinal wave time difference and using various gas saturation degrees in said cross map to confirm gas situation in reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize in petroclastic rock routine, the unconventional gas reservoir exploratory development horizontal compressional wave time difference well-log information to determine the method for low hole, hypotonic, low-resistance gas-bearing formation.
Technical background
Along with going deep into of gas field exploration exploitation, determine that the problem of the difficult gas-bearing formation of petroclastic rock becomes increasingly conspicuous, emphasis shows in determining of low hole, hypotonic and low-resistance gas-bearing formation and the identification.Well logging recognition gas-bearing formation basic skills is the electrical and radioactivity changing features according to gas-bearing reservoir.Conventional typical gas-bearing reservoir shows as resistivity and raises, and interval transit time increases, logging characters such as neutron porosity reduction and density porosity rising, neutron porosity-density porosity curve combination obvious difference.But to low hole, hypotonic and low-resistance gas-bearing formation, because reservoir properties is poor, skeleton is to the contribution of the well logging information contribution much larger than the hole part, increased the difficulty of well-log information identification pore fluid, resistivity and country rock are approaching, neutron-density intersection difference overlaps substantially, conventional data identification difficulty, and this is the difficult point that (searching) gas-bearing formation is determined in well logging.
Present for addressing this problem, can only be by means of imaging logging techniques such as sound wave full-wave train, dipole shear wave, nuclear magnetic resonance.Nuclear magnetic resonance log is had relatively high expectations to reservoir properties, has limited its range of application.Well logging such as full-wave train, dipole shear wave acquisition technique provides abundant information, but there is not to dig deeply veritably these data effective information behind, therefore, full-wave train, the dipole shear wave basis well-log information that comes from the collection of full-wave train and dipole shear wave logging series do not obtained obvious effects always yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is by means of imaging logging techniques such as sound wave full-wave train, dipole shear waves, and the abundant information of utilizing the well logging acquisition technique to provide provides a kind of full-wave train, dipole shear wave logging data utilized to improve the method for determining difficult gas-bearing formation.
The invention provides following technical scheme.
Utilize full-wave train, dipole shear wave logging data to determine the method for gas-bearing formation, set up the horizontal stroke-compressional wave conversion X plot of the multiple gas saturation of exploratory area gas-bearing reservoir according to known rock physics feature, utilize the acoustic logging data shear wave slowness to determine compressional wave time difference under the multiple gas saturation situation then, the actual measurement compressional wave time difference is also determined under the multiple gas saturation situation compressional wave time difference relatively with utilizing the acoustic logging data shear wave slowness, and multiple gas saturation is determined the gas-bearing property of reservoir in the corresponding X plot.
The present invention also provides following technical scheme.
Setting up reservoir horizontal stroke under the multiple gas saturation situation-compressional wave conversion X plot is: with conventional method rock core is carried out displacement under the air water two-phase condition, adopt ultrasonic pulse transmission measurement rock core p-and s-wave velocity in various states, the gas saturation of described various states has covered from complete moisture scope to high saturated air, is 0-80%.
The present invention adopts following steps:
A. select the gas-bearing reservoir rock core in exploration targets area to determine rock physics, comprise and adopt conventional method that rock core is carried out washing oil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching pre-service, measure factor of porosity and Permeability Parameters, pressurize then and saturated rock core is carried out displacement under the air water two-phase condition, adopt the ultrasonic pulse transmission measurement rock core p-and s-wave velocity and the time difference at 0,20%, 50% different gas saturation states with 80% 4 kind, p-and s-wave velocity adopts following formula to calculate:
In the formula: V: compressional wave, shear wave velocity, L are sample length, and T is an acoustic transit time, T
0Be the system zero time-delay; The computing formula of saturation degree: Sw=(G-G
Ma)/(G
w-G
Ma), in the formula: Sw: water saturation, G is the current weight of rock sample, G
MaBe rock sample bone dry weight, G
wBe complete saturation water rock sample weight;
B. described different saturation covers from complete moisture scope to high saturated air, adopt conventional method to set up horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference X plot under moisture fully, low gas content saturation degree, several situations of high gas saturation, its data are carried out match, obtain the graph of a relation of horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference under the different gas saturation situations;
C. according to the relation of horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference under the different gas saturation situations, adopt conventional logging method that the exploration target area gas well is processed into figure or data, extract again compressional wave time difference curve and calculating multiple gas saturation horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference curve ratio, when extracting the compressional wave time difference curve between the curve of multiple gas saturation horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference, or when overlapping, determine corresponding actual reservoir air content with the curve of gas saturation horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference.
Described multiple gas saturation is 0,20%, 50% and 80%.
The technical method that the present invention adopts is based on the gas-bearing reservoir petrophysical property, the ripple time difference (speed) concerns in length and breadth by Measurement and analysis rock core sound wave, set up 0,20%, 50% and 80% 4 kind of gas saturation situation under the X plot of shear wave compressional wave, thereby realize the conversion from the shear wave slowness to the compressional wave time difference under the different gas saturation situations.In actual applications, the shear wave slowness that utilization extracts from full-wave train, dipole shear wave logging data, obtain the compressional wave time difference of four kinds of gas saturation according to above-mentioned Model Calculation, with compressional wave time difference under the multiple gas saturation situation of the compressional wave time difference that extracts and calculating relatively, because raising, gas saturation causes that compressional wave time difference reduces, calculating compressional wave time difference has covered from complete moisture scope to high saturated air, actual compressional wave time difference must be positioned among the multiple compressional wave time difference of calculating, and the relative different size just can quantitatively be determined the gas-bearing property of reservoir between them.This method has been avoided the electrical and neutron of difficult gas-bearing formation, the not obvious difficult problem of response characteristic of density, utilizes the acoustic response rule of gas-bearing horizon, is a kind of effective ways of definite difficult gas-bearing formation.
The present invention determines that difficult gas-bearing formation is to utilize the horizontal compressional wave transformation model of sound wave, avoided difficult gas-bearing formation electrically, the radioactivity well logging response characteristic is not obvious, ground has improved the ability that gas-bearing formation is determined in well logging.Simultaneously, also improve the application of full-wave train, dipole shear wave data, strengthened the ability that solves geological problem.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference is X plot under different gas saturation;
Accompanying drawing 2 utilizes horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference transformation model that difficult gas-bearing formation is handled result map.
Horizontal ordinate DTS is that (unit: μ s/m), ordinate DTC is the compressional wave time difference (unit of measuring: μ s/m) to the shear wave slowness of measuring among Fig. 1.Rhombus among the figure, fork-shaped, square and triangle represent 0,20% respectively, 50% and 80% 4 kind of gas saturation under the data point measured; Corresponding line represents respectively according to 0,20%, 50% and 80% 4 kind of data line that the gas saturation measurement data points simulates.
Fig. 2 utilizes the dipole shear wave data, according to the processing result map of horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference transformation model to the low-resistance gas-bearing formation.In the 5th road, the compressional wave time difference of DTC for from the dipole shear wave data, extracting, DTC0, DTC2, DTC8 are respectively the compressional wave time difference of 0,20% and 80% gas saturation that calculates according to horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference transformation model.Pack portion is left side DTC, and the right is DTC0.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
1, by the time difference of ripple in length and breadth under the gas-bearing reservoir rock core calculating different saturation situation
At first select the gas-bearing reservoir rock core of research area to carry out the petrophysical property experiment.Rock core is carried out basic pre-service such as the washing oil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, measure basic parameters such as factor of porosity and permeability, saturated rock core is carried out displacement test under the air water two-phase condition yet pressurize.According to industry standard " laboratory determination method of SY/T 6351-1998 acoustic wave of rock characteristic ", adopt ultrasonic pulse transmission measurement rock core p-and s-wave velocity (inverse of speed promptly gets arrival time difference) at 0,20%, 50% different gas saturation states with 80% 4 kind.
The computing formula of p-and s-wave velocity is:
In the formula: V: compressional wave, shear wave velocity;
L is a sample length;
T is an acoustic transit time;
T
0Be the system zero time-delay.
The computing formula of saturation degree:
Sw＝(G-G
ma)/(G
w-G
ma) (2)
In the formula: Sw: water saturation;
G is the current weight of rock sample;
G
MaBe rock sample bone dry weight;
G
wBe complete saturation water rock sample weight.
2, set up horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference conversion X plot
The first step has determined that four kinds of gas saturation are 0,20%, 50% and 80%, and saturation degree has covered from complete moisture scope to high saturated air.Set up the horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference X plot under several situations such as moisture fully, low gas content saturation degree, high gas saturation, see Fig. 1.Its data are carried out match, obtain 0,20%, 50% and 80% 4 kind of gas saturation situation under the relation of horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference.
DTC0＝a
0ln(DTS)-b
0 (3)
DTC2＝a
2ln(DTS)-b
2 (4)
DTC5＝a
5ln(DTS)-b
5 (5)
DTC8＝a
8ln(DTS)-b
8 (6)
In the formula: DTS: shear wave slowness (μ s/m);
DTC0, DTC2, DTC5, DTC8: be respectively 0,20%, 50% and 80% 4 kind of gas saturation situation under compressional wave time difference (μ s/m);
a
0, a
2, a
5, a
8, a
0, b
0, b
2, b
5, b
8: the coefficient that is respectively fitting formula.
3, difficult gas-bearing formation is determined (searching)
Illustrate that with an example the method determines the step of (searching) difficult gas-bearing formation, see Fig. 2.
(1) regional basic condition
What Fig. 2 showed is that a bite well difficult gas-bearing formation in somewhere is handled result map, above the gas-bearing reservoir rock core take from this area.This area is the low hole of a typical case, hypotonic lithologic gas reservoirs.Reservoir lithology is based on quartzose sandstone and rock-fragment sandstone.This gas well gas layer can obviously be divided into two classes, and a class is normal gas-bearing formation, electrically and the radioactivity feature obvious, as 3350-3358m reservoir among Fig. 2; Another kind of is the low-resistance gas reservoir, it and the country rock electrical property feature is very approaching can not distinguish, neutron-densimetric curve overlaps substantially simultaneously, the conventional logging data can not be discerned difficult gas-bearing formation, as 3341-3349m reservoir among Fig. 2.
(2) curve shows among Fig. 2
First road, the left side is the curve that logging instrumentation is measured, and wherein: green line is the spontaneous potential curve of apparatus measures, and blue line is a CAL, and red line is a gamma ray curve;
Second road, the left side is the curve depth track;
The 3rd road, the left side is the curve that logging instrumentation is measured, and wherein: green line is the microballoon curve, and blue line is shallow side direction curve, and red line is dark side direction curve;
The 4th road, the left side is the curve that logging instrumentation is measured, and wherein: green line is the neutron curve, and blue line is a sound wave curve, and red line is a densimetric curve;
In the 5th road, the left side, DTC is the compressional wave time difference curve that full-wave train or dipole shear wave logging are measured, the 100% moisture compressional wave time difference curve of blue line DTC0 for calculating according to said method, green line DTC2 is the compressional wave time difference curve of 20% gas saturation that calculates according to said method, and purple line DTC8 is the compressional wave time difference curve of 80% gas saturation that calculates according to said method.
(3) determine (searching) difficult gas-bearing formation method
Extract the ripple time difference in length and breadth from full-wave train, dipole shear wave logging data, calculate the compressional wave time difference of four kinds of gas saturation, shown the compressional wave time difference of three species saturations among the figure, be divided into DTC0, DTC2 and DTC8 according to above-mentioned four kinds of intersections.With the multiple gas saturation compressional wave time difference of the compressional wave time difference DTC that extracts and calculating relatively, from scheming to go up the 5th road, the left side as can be seen, between DTC0 and DTC8, the actual reservoir gassiness is described at the difficult gas-bearing reservoir DTC of 3341-3349m, gas saturation shows obviously between 0-80%.Therefore the four species saturation relative differents size that calculates of compressional wave time difference DTC and the said method by full-wave train, dipole shear wave logging just can qualitatively arrive definite (searching) the difficult gas-bearing reservoir of sxemiquantitative.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of utilizing full-wave train, dipole shear wave logging data to determine gas-bearing formation, it is characterized in that: horizontal stroke-compressional wave conversion X plot of setting up gas-bearing reservoir multiple gas saturation in exploratory area according to known rock physics feature, utilize the acoustic logging data shear wave slowness to determine compressional wave time difference under the multiple gas saturation situation then, the actual measurement compressional wave time difference also determines under the multiple gas saturation situation that with utilizing the acoustic logging data shear wave slowness compressional wave time difference relatively, multiple gas saturation is determined the gas-bearing property of reservoir in the corresponding X plot, adopts following steps:
A. select the gas-bearing reservoir rock core in exploration targets area to determine rock physics, comprise and adopt conventional method that rock core is carried out washing oil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching pre-service, measure factor of porosity and Permeability Parameters, pressurize then and saturated rock core is carried out displacement under the air water two-phase condition, adopt the ultrasonic pulse transmission measurement rock core p-and s-wave velocity and the time difference at 0,20%, 50% different gas saturation states with 80% 4 kind, p-and s-wave velocity adopts following formula to calculate:
In the formula: V: compressional wave, shear wave velocity, L are sample length, and T is an acoustic transit time, T
0Be the system zero time-delay; The computing formula of saturation degree: Sw=(G-G
Ma)/(G
w-G
Ma), in the formula: Sw: water saturation, G is the current weight of rock sample, G
MaBe rock sample bone dry weight, G
wBe complete saturation water rock sample weight;
B. described different saturation covers from complete moisture scope to high saturated air, adopt conventional method to set up horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference X plot under moisture fully, low gas content saturation degree, several situations of high gas saturation, its data are carried out match, obtain the graph of a relation of horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference under the different gas saturation situations;
C. according to the relation of horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference under the different gas saturation situations, adopt conventional logging method that the exploration target area gas well is processed into figure, extract again compressional wave time difference curve and calculating multiple gas saturation horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference curve ratio, when extracting the compressional wave time difference curve between the curve of multiple gas saturation horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference, or when overlapping, determine corresponding actual reservoir air content with the curve of gas saturation horizontal stroke-compressional wave time difference.
2, a kind of method of utilizing full-wave train, dipole shear wave logging data to determine gas-bearing formation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, setting up reservoir horizontal stroke under the multiple gas saturation situation-compressional wave conversion X plot is: with conventional method rock core is carried out displacement under the air water two-phase condition, adopt ultrasonic pulse transmission measurement rock core p-and s-wave velocity in various states, the gas saturation of described various states has covered from complete moisture scope to high saturated air, is 0-80%.
3, a kind of method of utilizing full-wave train, dipole shear wave logging data to determine gas-bearing formation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described multiple gas saturation is 0,20%, 50% and 80%.
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Families Citing this family (13)
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| CN101158724B (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2010-06-09 | 中国石油集团西北地质研究所 | Reservoir thickness prediction method based on dipolar wavelet |
| CN101520517B (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2011-06-22 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Method for accurately evaluating targets containing oil gas in clastic rock basin |
| CN102508299B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-06-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Remote exploration method for transmitting and receiving dipole transverse waves in well |
| CN102721984B (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2014-07-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method for predicting concealed reservoir in clastic rock |
| CN104514553B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2017-08-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of recognition methods and its application of rock-fragment sandstone layer Mesosphere |
| CN103630939B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2018-07-13 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of gas-bearing formation identification and evaluation method |
| CN105549088B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2018-01-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The recognition methods of Fractured tight sand Mesosphere and device |
| CN106842303B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-07-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Gas saturation determines method and device |
| CN107238521B (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2019-09-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of production method of tundra hydrate rock core |
| CN112014878B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2023-08-18 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Gas-water layer identification method |
| CN112065361B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-03-12 | 成都理工大学 | Method for determining gas saturation of tight reservoir based on sound wave attenuation |
| CN112965106B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-05-10 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Method for identifying occurrence type of natural gas hydrate by utilizing singularity of longitudinal and transverse wave speeds |
| CN113253350B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-02-11 | 电子科技大学 | Porosity inversion method based on joint dictionary |
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