CN100427040C - Medical ultrasonic detection method and system - Google Patents
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- CN100427040C CN100427040C CNB2006100882854A CN200610088285A CN100427040C CN 100427040 C CN100427040 C CN 100427040C CN B2006100882854 A CNB2006100882854 A CN B2006100882854A CN 200610088285 A CN200610088285 A CN 200610088285A CN 100427040 C CN100427040 C CN 100427040C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a medical ultrasonic detection method for carrying out measurement in a water tank by a hydrophone, which implements the sound parameter detection on the measurement of spatial sound field distribution and time sound field distribution. The method completely measures the spatial distribution and the time distribution of a medical ultrasound sound field (sound pressure) by a three-dimensional space accurate scanning system, the three-dimensional space accurate scanning system adopts the fundamental measurement of a three-coordinate machine to realize the measurement of a spatial sound field, and the three-coordinate machine is arranged in a complete granite solid state structure to implement measurement. A three-coordinate measuring device adopts a complete air flotation type vibration isolation device so as to insulate ordinary vibration interference, and the complete air flotation type vibration isolation device is arranged on a high-accuracy air floatation guide track of the three-coordinate machine to implement three-coordinator spatial measurement.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of medical ultrasonic detection method and system, be a kind of comprised medical diagnosis ultrasonic and the treatment ultrasonic sound field measuring method and system.
Two, background technology
Ultrasonic application in medical treatment is just becoming more and more important.From its application, we roughly can be divided into medical ultrasound diagnostic ultrasound and ultrasonic two application directions of treatment.
The application of diagnostic ultrasound is comparatively ripe at present, surpasses (M-mode) from A super (A-mode), B ultrasonic (B-mode), C super (C-mode) to M, and the B ultrasonic that adopts the higher hamonic wave imaging, and of a great variety, technology is relatively ripe.Recent years, treating is ultrasonicly having breakthrough aspect focus ultrasonic knife, the ultrasonic rubble successively, aspect clinical practice, obtained great development, particularly focus ultrasonic knife (being High Intensity Focused Ultrasound High Intensity Focal Ultrasound (HIFU)) in the development that there is the leading world in China, has very large application prospect.Yet, to compare with the extensive use of medical ultrasound, the restraining factors of its development show too significantly.
The application of medical ultrasound is a kind of accurate application to ultrasonic sound field, and in theory, this application at first will have the description of complete and accurate and measures the medical ultrasound sound field.But, because the particularity of ultrasonic measurement and the complexity of human tissue structure have caused the accurate description and the measurement of ultrasonic sound field in the human body all extremely difficult.Therefore, the application to medical ultrasound is to have walked a road of using earlier.Promptly, carry out applications of ultrasound earlier, obtain the medical experience of zoopery and clinical practice, as later guidance there being sound field roughly to describe under the condition.And the sound field of difficulty is accurately described and measured, solve again after giving over to.
Under these circumstances, the medical application of medical ultrasound is just taken an early lead, and has obtained the achievement that makes common people gaze at, and its diagnosis and therapeutic effect obtain the extensive approval of medical circle.Yet, determined at us under the situation of medical ultrasound effect its acoustic measurement still to be in immature, incomplete stage, can not compare with the successful Application of medical ultrasound far away, we can say that in the application facet of medical ultrasound, the contribution that the physician did is greater than the acoustician.Adopted the screw drive space to scan mode as former sound field space measurement, its precision and measuring range are limited, far do not reach the requirement of IEC standard.
Yet in today of electronic technology and computer technology fast development, if acoustic measurement can combine with up-to-date technology, we think might break through fully original measurement limitation, tentatively satisfy the needs that clinical medicine is used to reach.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: proposing a kind of medical ultrasonic detection method and measuring system, is unified measuring method and the system that realizes the ultrasonic and treatment ultrasonic sound field of medical diagnosis.This measuring system be based on modern surveying technology, digital computer technology and up-to-date ultrasonic measurement means constructed of the present invention; And consider the possible developing direction of ultrasonic measurement technology from now on, the solution of modern medical service ultrasonic measurement has been proposed, can solve fairly perfectly medical ultrasound use in the relatively lagging behind of ultrasonic measurement method and measuring system.Satisfy the standard that diagnostic ultrasound and the ultransonic acoustical power of treatment and sound field characteristic are measured simultaneously.
Technical solution of the present invention is: medical ultrasonic detection method, in tank, utilize hydrophone to measure, the detection of parameter is carried out in measurement to spatial sound field distribution and time sound field distribution, by an accurate scanning system of three dimensions, in order to the room and time distribution of perfect measurement medical ultrasound sound field (acoustic pressure); The accurate scanning system of three dimensions adopts the fundamental measurement of three coordinate machine, the measurement of implementation space sound field; Three coordinate machine adopts to be located in the full granite solid-state structure and measures, and the three-dimensional coordinates measurement device adopts full air-flotation type vibration isolation, intercepts common vibration interference; Full air-flotation type vibration isolation is located on the high-precision three coordinate machine air-float guide rail carries out the three-dimensional space measurement.
Three coordinate machine itself is provided with grating chi structure the position is determined.
The present invention adopts independently acoustical signal emission and receives structural system, and the ultrasound emission probe is adopted in the acoustical signal emission, receives and adopts hydrophone, self has high-precision self-correcting optical grating construction.Be implemented in high measurement accuracy condition (the omnidistance 10 microns) measuring range of super large (reach horizontal 1000 millimeters, vertical 1200 millimeters, vertical 600 millimeters) down.The acoustic emission support is provided with the adjustment at the unique angle of pitch on a large scale and the angle that swings.Acoustical signal receives structural system and adopts independently hydrophone support, to guarantee the going for dissimilar and size hydrophone.
To sound power measurement, realized the power ultrasonic of measured ultrasonic power measurement scope from the diagnostic ultrasound of milliwatt level to five hectowatts, the absolute measurement of acoustical power is based on the balance measurement method of IEC and GB defined; Adopt the self-recording sky to equal a record and sound target suspension, the balance unbalanced error of having avoided the sound wave instability to be brought; Unique sound target suspension, balance and stability sound target.High clean pure gold reflection target surface has the resistant to rust ability of height.The high accuracy sound absorption ratio that is fit to is avoided the damage of target in measuring process under at the ultrasonic loud power condition of treatment.Custom-designed High Precision Automatic recording balance and sound target system can be realized writing down real-time dynamicly acoustical power and variation and fluctuation, and carry out the after-treatment of data automatically.
Employed hydrophone of native system and ultrasonic probe are different, and manufacturing process difference, the symmetry of its acoustic radiation or reception are also perfect not to the utmost, and therefore designing measurement bracket possesses flexible orientation adjustment ability.
This measuring system has following innovative point:
A) with in miscellaneous various ultrasonic diagnosises and the therapeutic equipment about the detection of sound parameter, be summed up as the measurement that spatial sound field distribution and time sound field distribute, greatly simplified the measuring system formation.
B) realized basic room and time acoustic pressure sound field distributed by software and converted concrete sound parameter in relevant IEC standard and the GB to.
C) second development system adopts based on the LabView system, has great extensibility, meets hyundai electronics Design of Measurement System development trend.
D) propose the measurement of medical ultrasound to be divided into two ingredients, the one, medical ultrasound acoustic field system promptly sets up an accurate scanning system of three dimensions, in order to the room and time distribution of perfect measurement medical ultrasound sound field (acoustic pressure).The 2nd, the sound power measurement system promptly sets up the sound power measurement on the metering meaning.
Based on above measurement principle, we are according to IEC and request of national standard, and make full use of present measuring technique and computer data acquiring is handled the level that development can reach, and have proposed our system design formation.
First Application high-precision air-flotation type space measurement technology, greatly improve precision and measuring range that original screw drive space scans mode.
The present invention adopts the high-speed figure Sampling techniques first, has realized the operating frequency range commonly used of medical ultrasound substantially, and native system has realized that omnidistance maximum operating frequency reaches 15MHz, and the part can reach the ability of 30MHz.
Native system proposes the scheme with measuring system and ultrasound emission and detection relative separation first, can measure at the different medical ultrasonic device effectively with improving, and can upgrade the spatial sound field measurement precision of native system according to the development of ultrasonic detecting technology.
Characteristics of the present invention are:
1, medical ultrasonic detection system of the present invention is the integrated medical special measurement verification system of electromechanical integration, and it is applicable to simultaneously and meets IEC and GB ultrasonic and ultransonic detection requirement of treatment to medical diagnosis.Contained great sound power measurement scope (power ultrasonic) from the diagnostic ultrasound of milliwatt level to five hectowatts.
2, first Application of the present invention high-precision air-flotation type space measurement technology, greatly improve precision and measuring range that original screw drive space scans mode.
3, the present invention adopts the high-speed figure Sampling techniques first, has realized the operating frequency range commonly used of medical ultrasound substantially, and native system has realized that omnidistance maximum operating frequency reaches 15MHz, and the part can reach the ability of 30MHz.
4, native system proposes the scheme with measuring system and ultrasound emission and detection relative separation first, can measure at the different medical ultrasonic device effectively with improving, and can upgrade the spatial sound field measurement precision of native system according to the development of ultrasonic detecting technology.
5, native system proposes first and has realized that the detected parameters that medical ultrasound is various reduces software analysis, thereby with the relative stability of hardware and the organically combination that upgrades in time of software.
6, independently absolute acoustical power corrective system can realize the absolute measurement of acoustical power.
7, system proposes first and has realized that the detected parameters that medical ultrasound is various reduces software analysis, thereby with the relative stability of hardware and the organically combination that upgrades in time of software.Independently absolute acoustical power corrective system can realize the absolute measurement of acoustical power.
This measuring system meets the following standard of IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) substantially:
8, the IEC61157-1992 requirement that output indicates to medical ultrasound ripple diagnostic device sound
9, IEC60601-2-37AMD1-2004 (medical electrical equipment. 2-37 part: the specific (special) requirements of the safety of ultrasonic therapy diagnosis and watch-dog. modification part 1)
10, IEC 60601-2-37 AMD 2-2005 (medical electrical equipment. 2-37 part: the specific (special) requirements of ultrasonic medical diagnosis and custodial care facility safety. modification part 2)
And following People's Republic of China's relevant national standard:
11, requirement is announced in the output of GB 16846-1997 medical supersonic diagnostic device sound
12, ultrasonic field characteristic and the measurement hydrophone method thereof of GB/T 16540-1996 acoustics in 0.5～15MHz frequency range
13, the measurement of ultrasonic acoustical power in GB/T 7966-1987 acoustics 0.5～10MHz frequency range
14, the measurement of GB/T 19890-2005 acoustics high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) acoustical power and sound field characteristic
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the supporting structure sketch map, and wherein the acoustic emission support is provided with the adjustable angle of pitch on a large scale and the angle that swings
Fig. 2 is this medical ultrasonic detection system of the present invention structure principle chart
Fig. 3 is a process of measurement flow chart of the present invention.
Five, specific implementation
First's (hardware): the ultrasonic sound field measuring system, according to the requirement of IEC and GB, the measurement parameter of its core has: the 1. spatial position measuring error D of system.2. the space measurement scope X * Y * Z of system.
Fig. 1 has illustrated supporting structure, has had the acoustic emission support, and transducer is provided with the angle of pitch and the adjustment axle at the angle that swings on support.Fig. 2 has illustrated the structure of medical ultrasonic detection system, being provided with hydrophone in tank measures, hydrophone sonic probe or reception sound target are located on the three coordinate machine, three coordinate machine adopts to have in the full granite solid-state structure of high temperature stability and minimum deformation, the three-dimensional coordinates measurement device adopts full air-flotation type vibration isolation, intercepts common vibration interference.Full air-flotation type vibration isolation is located at carries out the three-dimensional space measurement on the high-precision air-float guide rail.
To the space measurement trueness error of sound field, must be less than 1/10th of wavelength X when system's maximum operating frequency, that is:
The maximum operating frequency that we design native system is 15MHZ, and promptly the maximum position measurement error is not inferior to 10 μ m in the Dui Ying water.
To the space measurement scope, can reflect the distribution of sound field all sidedly, to the sweep limits of diagnostic ultrasound, the burnt territory of focus supersonic and the distribution of secondary lobe etc., desired measuring range is not quite similar.We on present space measurement ability, select measuring range to be from the angle of measuring technique: vertical equity direction X=1200mm, and transverse horizontal direction Y=1000mm, vertical direction Z=600mm is that a cost performance is more reasonably selected.This measuring range will be much larger than GB (declaration original text) institute requirement.
The selection of hydrophone is another key factor of native system, and we will be relatively independent as hydrophone and space measurement system that acoustical signal is gathered according to the present situation and the development trend of hydrophone, to guarantee that after the hydrophone technology innovation, native system is still effective.
Because employed hydrophone of native system and ultrasonic probe are different, the manufacturing process difference, the symmetry of its acoustic radiation or reception is also perfect not to the utmost, therefore necessarily requires measurement bracket to possess flexible orientation adjustment ability, and this also is the factor that at present external same category of device is not considered.
To the digitized work of high frequency sound signal, obtained development rapidly at these several years.We can say that from present technical, to the digitizing technique of MHz frequency range, it is universal to be mature on the whole, the blockade to this technology abroad also reduces greatly.Therefore be the digitized measured of ultrasonic MHz frequency range and Computer Processing best applications period at present.
Certainly, because ultrasonic measurement is to the having relatively high expectations of measurement of correlation environment (as temperature, humidity, vibration), under the high sound intensity condition, because the effect of cavitation, the degassing processing of water is necessary especially, and these all are that we are measuring the detailed problem that will consider.
Second portion (hardware): the measurement of acoustical power.It is that balance measurement with acoustic radiation pressure is as standard, so that the application of balance sensing technology remains is crucial that IEC and state demarcate.Utilize the self-recording balance of electromagnetic induction that large development is all being arranged aspect the Computer Processing of measuring range, certainty of measurement, equilibration time, measurement result, can make us finish the measurement of most of power bracket with high accuracy.
Third part (software): to measured diagnostic ultrasound and treatment ultrasonic sound parameter-definition and be achieved as follows (annotate: the definition of sound parameter all consistent) with IEC and GB:
Process of measurement flow chart 3 shows:
1, diagnostic ultrasound measurement parameter
According to the requirement of IEC and GB, carry out the measurement of following diagnostic ultrasound parameter.At first, scan, can obtain its complete spatial sound field distribution by integral body to the diagnostic ultrasound radiated sound field.Determine following parameter then:
A) positive peak acoustic pressure and negative peak acoustic pressure:, determine the size and the position of positive peak acoustic pressure and negative peak acoustic pressure by sound field scanning.
B) pulse acoustic pressure: measure its pulse sound pressure level at assigned address.
C) spatial peak pulse acoustic pressure: scan by sound field, determine the position of spatial peak pulse acoustic pressure.
D) spatial peaks effective sound pressure: scan by sound field, determine the position of spatial peaks effective sound pressure.
E) acoustic beam average pulse acoustic pressure: scan by sound field, determine pulse acoustic pressure, and determine that the meansigma methods of all measured values is a wave beam average pulse acoustic pressure to the contributive point of acoustic beam area.
F) acoustic beam average root-mean-square acoustic pressure: the same, just substitute pulse with root-mean-square.
G) space average effective sound pressure: to scanning the space average that area carries out effective sound pressure.
H) nonlinear propagation parameter: calculate nonlinear propagation parameter σ
m, and judge.
I) derive sound intensity parameter: according to following formula, calculate sound intensity value,
And can derive following sound intensity parameter: spatial peaks temporal peak intensity, the spatial peaks time average sound intensity, spatial peak pulse average sound intensity.
And can determine the average and space average sound intensity parameter of following acoustic beam respectively: acoustic beam average pulse average sound intensity (I
Bapa), acoustic beam average sound intensity average time (I
Bata), the space average average pulse sound intensity (I
Sapa), the space average time average sound intensity (I
Sata)
J) derived pulse sound intensity integral parameter: can derived space peak pulse sound intensity integration.
K) continuous wave sound power measurement: in little Amplitude Plane ultrasonic sound field, the pass is between the radiating general power of acoustic radiation pressure and ultrasonic transducer institute:
Uncertainty of measurement is not more than ± and 10%.
L) treatment ultrasonic measurement parameter: at first,, can obtain its complete spatial sound field distribution by the integral body for the treatment of ultransonic focused radiation sound field is scanned.
A) burnt territory form of 3dB and size: measure burnt territory form of its 3dB and big or small space acoustic pressure and distribute.
B) focal length:, measure its focal length to focusing acoustic field.
C) derive the sound intensity: the distribution of deriving its space sound intensity.
D) focus place acoustical power: the acoustical power of measuring the focus place.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of medical ultrasonic detection method, this method utilizes hydrophone to carry out the detection of medical ultrasound in tank, it is characterized in that this method distributes to spatial sound field distribution and time sound field carries out the detection of parameter, by an accurate scanning system of three dimensions, in order to the room and time distribution of perfect measurement medical ultrasound sound field; The accurate scanning system of three dimensions adopts the fundamental measurement of three coordinate machine, the measurement of implementation space sound field; Three coordinate machine is located in the full granite solid-state structure and is measured, and three coordinate machine adopts full air-flotation type vibration isolation, intercepts common vibration interference; Full air-flotation type vibration isolation is located on the high-precision three coordinate machine air-float guide rail; And adopt independently acoustical signal emission and sound reception structural system, and the ultrasound emission probe is adopted in the acoustical signal emission, and hydrophone is adopted in sound reception, and hydrophone self has high-precision self-correcting optical grating construction; Be provided with the acoustic emission support, the acoustic emission support is provided with the angle of pitch on a large scale and the adjustment axle at the angle that swings; With the balance measurement of acoustic radiation pressure absolute measurement standard, promptly utilize the self-recording balance of electromagnetic induction to measure acoustic radiation pressure in measuring range, certainty of measurement, equilibration time as acoustical power; The sound field scanning process distributes basic room and time acoustic pressure sound field and converts sound parameter in the relevant criterion to; Be provided with target suspension balance and stability sound target, the sound target is high clean pure gold reflection target surface.
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| CN106382982A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-02-08 | 中国计量大学 | Portable HIFU acoustic parameter on-site measuring apparatus |
| CN108310687A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-24 | 重庆医科大学 | A kind of online test method of focus ultrasonic sound field |
| CN110559013A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-12-13 | 聚融医疗科技(杭州)有限公司 | Method and system for automatically testing ultrasonic sound field |
| CN110726467B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-10-15 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Method for testing sound field of ultrasonic transducer |
| CN112964350B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-06-09 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Method and system for absolute calibration of complex sensitivity of rotary hydrophone based on circular guide rail |
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