CN100424979C - Generator control device and refrigeration cycle device - Google Patents

Generator control device and refrigeration cycle device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100424979C
CN100424979C CNB2006100958478A CN200610095847A CN100424979C CN 100424979 C CN100424979 C CN 100424979C CN B2006100958478 A CNB2006100958478 A CN B2006100958478A CN 200610095847 A CN200610095847 A CN 200610095847A CN 100424979 C CN100424979 C CN 100424979C
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generator
switch element
voltage
resistor
converter
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2006100958478A
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CN1941603A (en
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河地光夫
土山吉朗
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

Provided is a generator control device which can reliably brake a generator even if the device breaks down. The output voltage of the converter (16) is divided by resistors (18a, 18b) of a voltage detector (18), if the divided voltage value equals to the on-voltage of a switching element (17b), the switching element 17b is turned on. As a result, power generation energy obtained from the generator (2b) is consumed in a power consuming resistor (17a), the rotational speed of the generator (2b) is reduced, and the increase of the output voltage of the converter (16) can be suppressed.

Description

Generator control unit and freezing cycle device
Technical field
The present invention relates to be controlled at the generator control unit that uses the generators such as synchronous generator of permanent magnet in the rotor by rotating speed arbitrarily, relate in particular in having the freezing cycle device of decompressor the generator control unit of the generator that drives by decompressor.
Background technology
In recent years, in the device of the motor such as compressor in driving air regulator, from the viewpoint of earth environment protection, the necessity that reduces power consumption becomes big gradually.As one of technology that reduces its power consumption, freezing cycle device is arranged, it reclaims power from the decompressor that the expansion energy by cold-producing medium drives, and the power that utilizes this recovery is as the auxiliary power (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1) that is used for Driven Compressor.
Fig. 3 represents the system configuration of the freezing cycle device of patent documentation 1.This freeze cycle device is by the compressor 1 of compressed refrigerant, carry out the evaporator 4 of condenser condensing 3, vaporized refrigerant and the expansion turbine 2a of the decompressor 2 that is provided with, driven by expansion energy constitutes to cold-producing medium between condenser 3 and evaporator 4, expansion turbine 2a is connected with generator 2b via line shaft 2c.Alternating current from AC power 11 is transformed to direct current by first converter (converter) 31, and this direct current is transformed to alternating current by inverter (inverter) 13, comes Driven Compressor 1.
On the other hand, the expansion turbine 2a that is driven by the expansion energy of cold-producing medium drives generator 2b via line shaft 2c, and the alternating current that obtains from generator 2b is imported into second converter 32.This second converter 32 will be transformed to direct current from the resulting alternating current of generator 2b, and this direct current is utilized as the auxiliary power that is used for Driven Compressor 1.
But in the freezing cycle device of patent documentation 1, not only do not have the mechanism of the rotating speed of control generator 2b, and when generation is unusual, do not have the mechanism that implements braking to generator 2b yet.Therefore when expansion energy increased, the rotating speed of expansion turbine 2a (that is, being connected with generator 2b via line shaft 2c) increased.Its result, the electric energy that obtains from generator 2b increases, and surpass under the situation of feasible value of element of second converter 32, inverter 13 these elements at its electric energy destroyed.Further, under the situation of the rotating speed that increases, there is the ruined problem of expansion turbine 2a self above the feasible value of expansion turbine 2a.
At this, as in the method that braking takes place to implement to generator 2b when unusual, the wind generator system connected system that patent documentation 2 is for example put down in writing has been proposed.Fig. 4 shows the structure of the wind generator system connected system of patent documentation 2.This system is made of the windmill 41 that is taken into wind energy, the synchronous generator 42 and the rectifier diode 48a~48f that will be transformed to alternating current from the energy of rotation that windmill 41 obtains, and possesses: the system that will be transformed to galvanic rectification circuit 12 from the alternating current that synchronous generator 42 obtains, will be transformed to desirable alternating current from the direct current that rectification circuit 12 obtains via smmothing capacitor 15 connects inverter 43, supply with the electric power system 44 that connects the alternating current that inverter 43 obtains from system.
In protective circuit 45; under the unusual high-revolving detection of synchronous generator 42, system connect any detected situation in the unusual detection that reduces of abnormality detection, system voltage of inverter 43; implement electromagnetic braking, the electricity generate function of generation outage machine 42 by connecting three-phase shortcircuit switch 46 via switch motion relay (relay) 47.
Be further used as other examples, proposed motor drive, it has adopted and has not carried out promptly stopping but method (for example, with reference to patent documentation 3) that implementing to brake in order to carry out promptly stopping of motor of generator.Fig. 5 shows the structure of the electric motor drive system of patent documentation 3.This electric motor drive system by three phase mains 51, the contactor 54 that is switched on when making system works, alternating current be transformed to galvanic rectification circuit 12 and constitute with the paired backflow diode 14a~14f of a plurality of switch element 13a~13f, and by: will be transformed to the inverter 13 and the synchronous motor 57 of desirable alternating current from the direct current that rectification circuit 12 obtains via smmothing capacitor 15, constitute.
Further, the input side at inverter 13 is provided with braking switch element 53 via regeneration resistor 52.In addition, control inverter 13 and the braking control part 55 of switch element 53, to apply as supply voltage from the converter voltage that rectification circuit 12 obtains, monitor this supply voltage, converter voltage is become predefined voltage, promptly be judged as synchronous motor 57 action of regenerating, then connect braking with switch element 53.Its result is consumed regenerated electric power and is made converter voltage be no more than predefined voltage by regeneration resistor 52.On the other hand, if washout is fed into control part 55 from washout generating unit 56, then control part 55 disconnects contactor 54, connect braking switch element 53 simultaneously, and all switch element 13a~13f of inverter 13 is disconnected.Its result, the generating that synchronous motor 57 produces can be reproduced resistor 52 and consume, and synchronous motor stops rapidly.
But, owing in the formation of patent documentation 2, apply electromagnetic braking to generator by the three-phase shortcircuit switch, therefore the size that flows through the electric current of three-phase shortcircuit switch from synchronous generator when the three-phase shortcircuit switch is switched on surpasses under the situation of demagnetize electric current of synchronous generator, the problem of synchronous generator demagnetize occurs.Further since in the formation of patent documentation 3 by control part 55 control brake switch elements, therefore produce under the situation of faults at control part 55, appearance can not be implemented the problem of braking to synchronous motor.
Patent documentation 1: the spy opens clear 61-29647 communique;
Patent documentation 2: the spy opens the 2000-179446 communique;
Patent documentation 3: the spy opens the 2001-204184 communique.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in order to solve above-mentioned problem in the past, it is a kind of that its purpose is to provide, even when generator control unit produces fault, also can implement braking to generator reliably, and controlled being made as, the electric current that flows through generator when implementing braking does not become the generator control unit of overcurrent.In order to solve above-mentioned problem in the past, generator control unit of the present invention is characterized in that, possesses: generator, and it is driven by the mechanical the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge that obtains from the outside, and mechanical energy is transformed to electric energy; Converter, it will be transformed to direct current from the alternating current that generator obtains; Voltage detection mechanism, it is detected the output voltage of converter by the dividing potential drop of resistor; And power consumption mechanism, be arranged between the output of converter, and come first switch element of work to constitute with resistor with according to the voltage detecting value of voltage detection mechanism by power consumption, the resistor of voltage detection mechanism, have according to only under the voltage detecting value of voltage detection mechanism becomes situation more than the predefined voltage reference value, connect the voltage ratio of the predefined resistor of mode of first switch element.
Thus, even produce at generator control unit under the situation of fault, can switch element be connected by the unusual high speed rotating that voltage detection mechanism detects generator, and implement braking to generator reliably.
In addition, the generator control unit of the invention described above, preferred, also possess: current detecting mechanism, during described first switch element is connected, flow through the electric current of described power consumption mechanism with the both end voltage detection of resistor by current detecting; And second switch element, be connected with the control input end of described first switch element, and carry out work according to the output valve of current detecting mechanism, current detecting has the resistance value of predefined in the following manner described current detecting with resistor with the resistance value of resistor: during the connection of first switch element, the output valve of described current detecting mechanism becomes under the above situation of predefined current reference value, connect the second switch element, by the second switch element switches with the signal level vanishing forcibly of the drive signal of first switch element, thereby first switch element is disconnected.
Thus, even produce at generator control unit under the situation of fault, detect the unusual high speed rotating of generator and switch element is connected by voltage detection mechanism, implement braking to generator reliably, and under the situation by current detecting mechanism detection of excessive current during switch element is connected and implemented to brake, by making the second switch element switches that switch element is disconnected, when implementing braking, may be controlled to, the electric current that flows through power consumption mechanism from generator can not become overcurrent.
Generator control unit of the present invention even also can implement braking to generator reliably under the situation of generator control unit generation fault, and may be controlled to when implementing braking, and the electric current that flows through generator can not become overcurrent.
As mentioned above, generator control unit of the present invention, owing under the situation of device generation fault, also can implement braking reliably, therefore also can be applicable to the motor drive of the mechanism that employing is implemented to brake in order to carry out promptly stopping of motor, also can be applied to adopt in the goods such as heat pump water heater of carbonic acid gas cold-producing medium of this motor drive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram of the generator control unit of embodiments of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure diagram of the generator control unit of embodiments of the present invention 2;
Fig. 3 is the system construction drawing of freezing cycle device in the past;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of wind generator system connected system in the past;
Fig. 5 is the circuit structure diagram of motor drive in the past.
Among the figure: the 1-compressor; The 2-decompressor; The 2a-expansion turbine; The 2b-generator; The 2c-line shaft; The 3-condenser; The 4-evaporator; The 11-AC power; The 12-rectification circuit; The 13-inverter; 13a~13f-switch element; 14a~14f-backflow diode; The 15-smmothing capacitor; The 16-converter; 17-power consumption portion; 17a-power consumption resistor; The 17b-switch element; The 18-voltage detection department; 18a, 18b-resistor; The 19-motor; The 20-motor control part; 21-generator control part; 22-current detecting resistor; 23-removes and uses switch element; 31-first converter; 32-second converter; The 41-windmill; The 42-synchronous generator; The 43-system connects inverter; The 44-electric power system; The 45-protective circuit; 46-three-phase shortcircuit switch; 47-switch motion relay; 48a~48f-rectifier diode; The 51-three phase mains; The 52-resistor of regenerating; 53-braking switch element; The 54-contactor; The 55-control part; 56-washout generating unit; The 57-synchronous motor.
Embodiment
The generator control unit of first mode of the present invention is characterized in that, possesses: generator, and it is driven by the mechanical the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge that obtains from the outside, and mechanical energy is transformed to electric energy; Converter, it will be transformed to direct current from the alternating current that generator obtains; Voltage detection mechanism, it is detected the output voltage of converter by the dividing potential drop of resistor; And power consumption mechanism, be arranged between the output of converter, and come first switch element of work to constitute with resistor with according to the voltage detecting value of voltage detection mechanism by power consumption, the resistor of voltage detection mechanism, have according to only under the voltage detecting value of voltage detection mechanism becomes situation more than the predefined voltage reference value, connect the voltage ratio of the predefined resistor of mode of first switch element.Thus,,, switch element is connected, definitely generator is braked by the unusual high speed rotating of voltage detection mechanism detection generator even produce at generator control unit under the situation of fault.
Second mode of the present invention is characterized in that, and is preferred, in the generator control unit of first mode, also possesses: current detecting mechanism, during first switch element is connected, flow through the electric current of power consumption mechanism with the both end voltage detection of resistor by current detecting; And second switch element, be connected with the control input end of described first switch element, and carry out work according to the output valve of current detecting mechanism, current detecting has the resistance value of predefined in the following manner current detecting with resistor with the resistance value of resistor: even during the connection of first switch element, the output valve of current detecting mechanism becomes under the above situation of predefined current reference value, connect the second switch element, by the second switch element switches with the signal level vanishing forcibly of the drive signal of first switch element, thereby first switch element is disconnected.Thus, can be controlled to be: even produce at generator control unit under the situation of fault, the unusual high speed rotating that is detected generator by voltage detection mechanism is connected switch element, implement braking to generator reliably, and under the situation by current detecting mechanism detection of excessive current during implementing to brake in the switch element connection, by making the second switch element switches that switch element is disconnected, can not become overcurrent at the electric current of implementing in the braking to flow through power consumption mechanism from generator.
Third Way of the present invention is characterized in that, especially in the generator control unit of first or second mode, according to the output voltage of the converter withstand voltage mode less than the element that constitutes converter and power consumption mechanism, preestablishes described voltage reference value.Thus, can prevent reliably by the rise destruction of the element that constitutes converter and power consumption mechanism that causes of crossing of the output voltage of converter.
Cubic formula of the present invention, it is characterized in that, especially in the generator control unit of any mode of first~the 3rd, generator is the synchronous generator that has permanent magnet on rotor, and has according to the electric current that flows through power consumption mechanism less than the predefined current reference value of the mode of the demagnetize electric current of synchronous generator.Thus, the electric current that can prevent to flow through power consumption mechanism reliably becomes overcurrent and makes the permanent magnet demagnetize that rotor possessed of synchronous generator.
The 5th mode of the present invention especially by use the generator control unit of the arbitrary mode in first~the 4th in freezing cycle device, can realize producing respectively the high freezing cycle device of reliability of the advantage of each generator control unit.
The 6th mode of the present invention especially in the freezing cycle device of the 5th invention, uses carbonic acid gas as cold-producing medium, therefore can make to warm up coefficient and diminish and prevent global warming.
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described.In addition, in the accompanying drawings for the additional identical reference numbering of identical inscape.In addition, the present invention is not limited to these execution modes.
(execution mode 1)
Fig. 1 shows the circuit structure diagram of the generator control unit of embodiments of the present invention 1.This generator control unit, as the serve as reasons control device of the generator 2b that decompressor 2 in as shown in Figure 3 the freezing cycle device drives of an example assumes, the rectification circuit 12 of Fig. 1 is corresponding with first converter 31 and second converter 32 of Fig. 3 respectively with converter 16.
The generator control unit of present embodiment possesses: will be transformed to the motor control part 20 of the rotating speed of galvanic rectification circuit 12, motor 19, control motor 19 from the alternating current that exchanges power supply 11, direct current is transformed to generator 2b, control generator 2b that the inverter 13 of desirable alternating current, mechanical energy by the outside drive rotating speed generator control part 21 and alternating current is transformed to galvanic converter 16.Inverter 13 will be transformed to desirable alternating current based on motor control part 20 by constituting with the paired backflow diode 14a~14f of a plurality of switch element 13a~13f from the direct current that rectification circuit 12 obtains via smmothing capacitor 15.Converter 16 is by constituting with the paired backflow diode 14a~14f of a plurality of switch element 13a~13f, and the alternating current that will obtain from the generator 2b by generator control part 21 control rotating speeds is transformed to direct current.In addition, deferent segment side at converter 16 is provided with: the power consumption portion 17 that is made of with resistor 17a and switch element 17b power consumption and by the resistor 18a of the output voltage that is used to detect converter 16, the voltage detection department 18 that 18b constitutes is connected with the control terminal of switch element 17b based on the dividing point 18c of resistor 18a, 18b.
Because generator 2b drives by the mechanical energy from the outside, therefore under the big situation of mechanical energy change, it is big that the rotating speed of generator 2b also becomes.Especially as shown in Figure 3 the expansion turbine 2a in the freezing cycle device, in case begin to drive by expansion energy, as long as have so expansion energy then rotating speed will increase.Therefore usually, converter 16 is by generator control part 21 control rotating speed when generator 2b implements braking, and the alternating current of spontaneous motor 2b is transformed to direct current in the future.Direct current by converter 16 conversion is output to inverter 13, utilizes as the auxiliary power that is used for drive motor 19.
But produce under the abnormal conditions of fault as converter 16 or generator control part 21, owing to can not apply the braking of controlling based on rotating speed to generator 2b, so the increase of the rotating speed of generator 2b, it is the output voltage rising of converter 16 as a result.The output voltage of this converter 16 comes dividing potential drop by resistor 18a, the 18b of voltage detection department 18, if dividing point 18c in equated that with the connection voltage of switch element 17b then switch element 17b is switched on by the magnitude of voltage of dividing potential drop.Its result can be consumed with resistor 17a by power consumption from the generating of generator 2b, and the rotating speed of generator 2b reduces, the increase of output voltage that therefore can control change device 16.
At this, if withstand voltage greater than converter 16 and switch element 17b of the output voltage of converter 16 then has the ruined possibility of element.In order to prevent above-mentioned unfavorable condition, be redefined for setting by ratio with the resistance value of resistor 18a, the 18b of voltage detection department 18, decision is based on the voltage ratio of resistor 18a, 18b.Promptly, if determined, then also can obtain the resistor 18a of voltage detection department 18, the voltage ratio of 18b uniquely by the output voltage of the magnitude of voltage among the dividing point 18c of resistor 18a, 18b dividing potential drop with the converter 16 of connection voltage (setting) when equating of switch element 17b.Thereby, in the present embodiment, if the voltage ratio of resistor 18a, the 18b of voltage detection department 18 is predefined value, so that the output voltage of the magnitude of voltage among the dividing point 18c and the converter 16 of connection voltage (setting) when equating of switch element 17b is less than converter 16 and switch element 17b withstand voltage (setting).
By this structure, even produce at generator control unit under the situation of fault, the unusual high speed rotating that detects generator by voltage detection mechanism is connected switch element, by reliably generator being implemented the increase of the output voltage of braking and inhibition converter, and the destruction that can prevent element reliably can be realized the freezing cycle device that reliability is high.
In addition, by using the cold-producing medium of carbonic acid gas, when global warming can be prevented, improve heat exchanger effectiveness as freezing cycle device.
In addition, the control device of the generator that is driven by the decompressor in the freezing cycle device as shown in Figure 3 has been described as an example, but the present invention also can be applicable to the system of the used for wind power generation that patent documentation for example 2 is such always, so the present invention is not particularly limited in the control device of the generator that is driven by the decompressor in the freeze cycle.
(execution mode 2)
Fig. 2 shows the circuit structure diagram of the generator control unit in the embodiments of the present invention 2.About this generator control unit, set the control device of the generator that drives by the decompressor in the freezing cycle device as shown in Figure 3 as an example.For the additional identical symbol of the inscape identical with generator control unit shown in Figure 1, its explanation is omitted because of repetition, at this different parts is narrated.
This generator control unit further is provided with: the current detecting resistor 22 that is used to detect the electric current that flows through power consumption portion 17 during the first switch element 17b connects; And the second switch element 23 that is arranged on the input section of the first switch element 17b.At this, be connected with the control terminal of second switch element 23 with the tie point 17c between the resistor 22 at the first switch element 17b and current detecting.If during the first switch element 17b connects, flow through electric current, then at the two ends generation voltage of current detecting with resistor 22.If this current detecting with the magnitude of voltage of the two ends of resistor 22 generation, be that magnitude of voltage among the tie point 17c equates that with the connection voltage of second switch element 23 then second switch element 23 is switched on.Its result, the signal level of the drive signal by the first switch element 17b is by vanishing forcibly, and the first switch element 17b is disconnected.
At this, be predetermined the resistance value of current detecting with resistor 22, so that during the first switch element 17b connects, by the current value of the electric current that flows through power consumption portion 17 from generator 2b under voltage that current detecting produces with the two ends of resistor 22 and situation that the connection voltage (setting) of second switch element 23 equates, less than predefined current reference value.Especially as generator 2b under the situation of the synchronous generator that possesses permanent magnet on the rotor, set than the little value of the demagnetize electric current (setting) of synchronous generator as the current reference value.
By above structure, even produce at generator control unit under the situation of fault, detect the unusual high speed rotating of generator by voltage detection mechanism, and switch element is connected, implement the increase that braking suppresses the output voltage of converter by reliable subtend generator, prevent the destruction of element reliably, simultaneously under the situation by current detecting mechanism detection of excessive current during switch element connection and the enforcement braking, by making the second switch element switches that switch element is disconnected, and implementing the controlled electric current that flows through power consumption mechanism from generator that is made as can not become overcurrent in the braking.Especially as generator under the situation of the synchronous generator that possesses permanent magnet on the rotor, can prevent the permanent magnet demagnetize reliably by the present invention.
In addition, the control device of the generator that is driven by the decompressor in the freezing cycle device as shown in Figure 3 has been described as an example, but the present invention also is applicable to the system of the used for wind power generation that patent documentation for example 2 is such always, and the present invention is not particularly limited in the control device of the generator that is driven by the decompressor in the freeze cycle transposition.

Claims (6)

1. generator control unit,
Possess:
Generator, it is driven by the mechanical the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge that obtains from the outside, and mechanical energy is transformed to electric energy;
Converter, it will be transformed to direct current from the alternating current that described generator obtains;
Voltage detection mechanism, its dividing potential drop by resistor detects the output voltage of described converter; And
Power consumption mechanism is arranged between the output of described converter, and comes first switch element of work to constitute by power consumption with resistor with according to the voltage detecting value of described voltage detection mechanism,
The resistor of described voltage detection mechanism has according to only under the voltage detecting value of described voltage detection mechanism becomes situation more than the predefined voltage reference value, connects the voltage ratio of the predefined resistor of mode of described first switch element.
2. generator control unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Also possess:
The electric current of described power consumption mechanism during described first switch element is connected, is flow through in current detecting mechanism with the both end voltage detection of resistor by current detecting; And
The second switch element is connected with the control input end of described first switch element, and carries out work according to the output valve of described current detecting mechanism,
Described current detecting has the resistance value of predefined in the following manner described current detecting with resistor with the resistance value of resistor: during described first switch element connection, the output valve of described current detecting mechanism becomes under the above situation of predefined current reference value, connect described second switch element, by of the signal level forcibly vanishing of described second switch element switches, thereby described first switch element is disconnected with the drive signal of described first switch element.
3. generator control unit according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
According to the output voltage of described converter withstand voltage mode, preestablish described voltage reference value less than the element that constitutes described converter and described power consumption mechanism.
4. generator control unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described generator is the synchronous generator that has permanent magnet on rotor, and has according to the electric current that flows through described power consumption mechanism less than the predefined described current reference value of the mode of the demagnetize electric current of described synchronous generator.
5. a freezing cycle device possesses: the compressor of compressed refrigerant; The condenser of condensating refrigerant; The evaporator of vaporized refrigerant; And the decompressor that is arranged between described condenser and the described evaporator, drives by the expansion energy of cold-producing medium, and possess generator control unit, described generator control unit comprises: the generator controlling organization of controlling the rotating speed of the generator that is driven by described decompressor; And alternating current is transformed to galvanic converter based on described generator controlling organization,
Adopt claim 1 or 2 described generator control units as described generator control unit.
6. freezing cycle device according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Adopt carbonic acid gas as described cold-producing medium.
CNB2006100958478A 2005-07-04 2006-06-30 Generator control device and refrigeration cycle device Expired - Fee Related CN100424979C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2005-194581 2005-07-04
JP2005194581A JP4839700B2 (en) 2005-07-04 2005-07-04 Generator control device and refrigeration cycle device
JP2005194581 2005-07-04

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JP2014239604A (en) * 2013-06-07 2014-12-18 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Generating set
CN111869065B (en) * 2018-02-13 2023-04-11 远景能源有限公司 Demagnetization protection for permanent magnet generator
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