CN100420193C - Virtual identifying method for multicast forwarding table output port - Google Patents

Virtual identifying method for multicast forwarding table output port Download PDF

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CN100420193C
CN100420193C CNB2006100765047A CN200610076504A CN100420193C CN 100420193 C CN100420193 C CN 100420193C CN B2006100765047 A CNB2006100765047 A CN B2006100765047A CN 200610076504 A CN200610076504 A CN 200610076504A CN 100420193 C CN100420193 C CN 100420193C
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multicast
port
tabulation
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output port
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CN1866845A (en
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郭云飞
李玉峰
张进
姜鲲鹏
黄惠群
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NATIONAL DIGITAL SWITCH SYSTEM ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER
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Abstract

The present invention provides a virtual identification method for the multicast transferring table output ports of high-performance routers. The method comprises the establishment of the virtual identification method for the multicast transferring table output ports and the high-speed identification of virtual identification method for the multicast transferring table output ports which respectively relates to a control plane and a data plane of the router. In the control plane, a main processor of the router assigns a unique virtual port number to each router port to form a mapping table from traditional port physical identification numbers to the virtual port numbers; the main processor generates a new multicast transferring table based on the mapping table; the main processor sends the new multicast transferring table and the mapping table to each auxiliary processor together. In the data plane, a switched network, each line card and a transferring engine adopt hardware to identify output port tables in a high speed according to the sent mapping table; accordingly, the present invention provides support for transferring the speed of multicast covered yarn.

Description

A kind of virtual identifying method of multicast forwarding table output port
Technical field
The present invention relates to the multicast realization technology of high-performance router in the computer communication field, especially relate to a kind of virtual identifying method of the multicast forwarding table output port towards the multiport router.
Background technology
In recent years, high-performance router has adopted generally that centralized exchange and route are handled, the architecture of distributed forwarding, as shown in Figure 1, the basic thought of this structure is: routing engine (Routing Engine) and forwarding engine (Forwarding Engine) are separated, transmit from overall routing table the part independent; Each distributed ply-yarn drill and forwarding engine are independently handled, are sought the footpath with the header of the data message of hardware realization fast and transmit; Connect each network interface unit (comprising forwarding engine and ply-yarn drill two parts) with switching network, realize the high-speed packet exchange.In realization, this structure adopts the bi-level treatment device usually, primary processor is responsible for the management of entire equipment and collection, the computing function of route, and transmitting of calculate forming be issued to each network interface unit, transmit according to routing table and generate, the list item of its list item and routing table has direct corresponding relation, but it is different with the route tableau format to transmit tableau format, and it is more suitable for realizing searching fast.After packet enters network interface unit, at first extract IP bag by ply-yarn drill from physical frame, hand over forwarding engine then, forwarding engine is transmitted to transmit and is tabled look-up according to what issue, find out one of this IP bag and jump output port, via switching network the IP bag is sent to output port then.
Internet protocol has defined the transmission of three kinds of IP packets: clean culture (unicast), broadcasting (broadcast) and multicast (multicast).The forwarding of multicast packets is mainly realized by hardware in the high-performance router, in the router topology shown in Figure 1, need to support the hardware module of multicast functionality mainly to comprise ply-yarn drill (realize the classification of multicast packets and duplicate), forwarding engine (realizing that the multicast header is handled and multicast is tabled look-up) and high speed switching network (finishing duplicating of multicast packets).Wherein, multicast is tabled look-up at present, and common hardware solution is to adopt three-state address associative storage (TCAM, Ternary Content Addressable Memory) realizes, be exactly the list item prefix that adopts TCAM storage multicast forward table specifically, these prefixes are normally with<S, G〉or< *, G〉form the source address of S representative data bag wherein, the group address of G representative data bag appear; Adopt the part as a result of static RAM (SRAM, Static Random Access Memory) storage multicast forward table list item, i.e. output port tabulation part is utilized TCAM and SRAM can cooperate the support high-speed flow line to transmit like this and is searched.
Along with the continuous growth of high-performance router capacity, so that the appearance of T (tril) bit-level router at present, traditional with " physics shelf number; Physical cord Ka Hao ﹠amp; Physical port number " method that identifies multicast forwarding table output port will more and more be difficult to realize that main cause is as follows:
1, the continuous increase of router port number makes the length of multicast forwarding table output port tabulation sharply increase.
The growth at full speed of high-performance router capacity makes its port number increase fast, and the 1.28T router of forming with 2 distributed frames is an example, even router is realized 4 10G ports of all single line cards to high-density, total the port number of router still reaches 128.In addition, transmit with clean culture and to compare, the output port of multicast forward table is not unique, but a series of port, when maximum the output port number of multicast packets can reach 127 (one of them port since be the inbound port of multicast packets and can not list in the output port tabulation).Like this, identify if the output port of multicast still used conventional methods, distinguish 2 different frames with 1bit, distinguish 16 different ply-yarn drills in the single frame with 4bit, distinguish in the single ply-yarn drill 4 different port with 2bit, for example, available " 0000000 " identifies first port of first ply-yarn drill in first frame, and then the length of output port tabulation can reach 127 * 7=889 bit position in the multicast forward table.
2, under the long situation of multicast forwarding table output port tabulation, the existing hardware look up table technique is difficult to satisfy simultaneously the table look-up requirement of speed and hardware implementation complexity two aspects of multicast.
Adopt in the hardware consulting table scheme of TCAM realization, if adopting data/address bus is the monolithic SRAM output checking result of 36bit width, then the output port length of 889 bit length will need at least 25 SRAM work clock cycles to export to finish, such time span can't satisfy the rate request of tabling look-up of multicast packets surface speed forwarding, and then can't support the multicast packets surface speed forwarding.If adopt the method for multi-disc SRAM and line output checking result, though can satisfy the rate request of tabling look-up, but the increase of device will increase the cost of router on the one hand, and it will inevitably increase forwarding engine design and hard-wired complexity what is more important.
3, under multicast forwarding table output port is tabulated long situation, will reduce the data transmission efficiency of router interior.
Searching of multicast forward table is that forwarding engine at router is finished.When multicast packets arrives forwarding engine, forwarding engine need carry out searching of multicast forward table to this bag, if will draw corresponding output port tabulation in looking into, under the normal situation of transmitting of multicast packets, should add this output port tabulation on the message of forwarding engine output, form the exchange grouping and send switching network to, which port switching network duplicates this multicast packets and exchange on according to the entrained multicast output port tabulation decision of exchange grouping.Can find that thus tabulate when long when output port, the transmission of this partial data will take the internal transmission bandwidth of significant proportion, thereby reduce the data transmission efficiency of router interior greatly, for short packages, this reduction effect is especially serious.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the virtual identifying method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-performance router multicast forwarding table output port, can solve the long problem of increasing multicast forwarding table output port list length that the traditional port identification method is brought, satisfy the multicast packets surface speed forwarding simultaneously to the multicast requirement of speed of tabling look-up, and do not increase router cost and hardware implementation complexity.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, the invention provides a kind of virtual identifying method of multicast forwarding table output port of high-performance router, comprise step:
A: set up the tabulation of multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth; With
B: identification multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth tabulation.
Wherein, described step a specifically comprises:
A1: primary processor is distributed to virtual port number of each router port;
A2: virtual port number is corresponding with the physical label number of each router port, generate mapping table;
A3: utilize the new multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth tabulation of the corresponding generation of output port tabulation of traditional multicast forward table with mapping table; With
A4: primary processor obtains new multicast forward table.
Preferably, the realization of described step a relates to the control plane of router.
Preferably, the realization of described step b relates to the datum plane of router.
Preferably, the physical label number of router port is to identify with traditional physics shelf number, physical cord card number and physical port number among the described step a2.
Preferably, mapping table is safeguarded by primary processor among the described step a2.
Preferably, mapping table will regenerate when router port configuration changes among the described step a2.
Preferably, described step b specifically comprises:
B1: primary processor is issued to forwarding engine with new multicast forward table, simultaneously mapping table is issued to from processor;
B2: forwarding engine is transmitted by new multicast forward table and is tabled look-up;
B3: checking result is become the tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth;
B4: ply-yarn drill, forwarding engine and switching network are according to the identification of mapping table realization to the tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth;
B5: when multicast replication, switching network and ply-yarn drill are discerned the virtual port output listing;
B6: when the forwarding engine bag was handled, forwarding engine was discerned the virtual port output listing.
Preferably, specifically comprise among the described step b5:
B51: switching network receives the exchange grouping that forwarding engine sends;
B52: discern the corresponding output line card number of this multicast packets with the mapping table that primary processor issues according to the dummy output terminal mouth tabulation that the exchange grouping is carried;
B53: this multicast packets is duplicated and exchanged on the corresponding ply-yarn drill;
B54: the concrete output port of mapping table identification multicast packets on this ply-yarn drill that this ply-yarn drill issues according to tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth and primary processor;
B55: this multicast packets is duplicated and is transported on the corresponding port.
Preferably, specifically comprise among the described step b6:
B61: multicast packets enters forwarding engine;
B62: forwarding engine is finished the linear speed multicast and is tabled look-up, the output checking result;
B63: forwarding engine judges whether the physical label of multicast packets inbound port is present in the dummy output terminal mouth tabulation in the checking result, if, execution in step b64 then;
B64: finish judgement, realize asserting mechanism to multicast packets.
Preferably, described step b63 supports loose pattern multicast protocol PIM-SM;
Preferably, described step b64 realizes asserting that mechanism satisfies the PIM-SM requirement.
Preferably, assert among the described step b64 that mechanism realizes by random access memory ram.
Above technical scheme as can be seen, the present invention is under the prerequisite of supporting the multicast forwarding all functions, utilize a kind of virtual multicast output port identification method to substitute traditional physical label method, the length that the multicast output port is tabulated reduces greatly, has brought following some useful effect thus:
1, on the basis that does not change original router hardware structure, this method is only done the expansion that simple modification can be supported high-performance router port number and port density by the output port tabulation to multicast forward table, and extensibility is good, is easy to implement.
2, the extensive reduction of multicast forwarding table output port list length, make and only utilize in the Project Realization monolithic SRAM in the cycle of regulation, this checking result (tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth) to be read, thereby can realize on the basis that does not increase hardware implementation cost and complexity that the multicast packets linear speed tables look-up, support the multicast packets surface speed forwarding.
3, the extensive reduction of multicast forwarding table output port list length, can also make forwarding engine in the process that forms the exchange grouping, adopt the less data bit of number can identify the information of each multicast output port, compare with traditional identification method, can improve the data transmission efficiency of router interior greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the typical structure schematic diagram of existing high-performance router.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of multicast forwarding table output port virtual identifying of the present invention.
Fig. 3 realizes asserting machine-processed flow chart for forwarding engine of the present invention by random access memory.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of random access memory stores content.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, in the typical high-performance router structure, control plane comprises primary processor and from processor, datum plane is corresponding to ply-yarn drill, forwarding engine and the switching network of router.For method of the present invention, what mainly finish in the control plane is the foundation of multicast forwarding table output port virtual identifying method, and datum plane then needs to finish the high speed identification of multicast forwarding table output port virtual identifying method.Following content will be an example with described 1.28T high-performance router above, and the enforcement of this method is described in detail in detail.
See also Fig. 2, flow chart for multicast forwarding table output port virtual identifying of the present invention, comprise and set up the tabulation of multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth and identification multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth tabulation two parts, wherein step 201~204 are for setting up the tabulation of multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth, and step 205~210 are the tabulation of identification multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth.
Set up the tabulation of multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth and specifically comprise step:
201: primary processor is unique virtual port number of the new distribution of each port of router according to the distribution situation of each frame, ply-yarn drill, port;
Wherein, as shown in table 1, when ading up to n, router port the virtual port number of distributing can be defined as 0,1...m...n-1.Like this, the port that in the router each is concrete all will have a traditional ports physical identification number and newly assigned virtual port number simultaneously, for example, physical label is assigned as 0 for the virtual port number of the port of " 0000000 ", and physical label is 127 for the virtual port number of the port of " 1111111 ".
The physical label of table 1 router port is to the mapping table of virtual port number
Figure C20061007650400091
202: virtual port number is corresponding one by one with the physical label number of each router port, generate mapping table, the mapping relations of the physical label of all of the port have as above been comprised in the table 1 to virtual port number, this mapping table is responsible for maintenance by primary processor, when router port configuration changed, this table all needed to regenerate and be handed down to each module of datum plane;
203: utilize the new multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth tabulation of the corresponding generation of output port tabulation of traditional multicast forward table with mapping table;
Wherein, primary processor utilizes the dummy output terminal mouth tabulation (table 3) of mapping table (table 1) with the multicast forward table of the output port list mapping Cheng Xin of traditional multicast forward table (table 2)
The structure of the traditional multicast forward table of table 2
Figure C20061007650400101
Dummy output terminal mouth tabulation in the table 3 is definition like this: according to total port number n of router, the tabulation that length of primary processor relative set is n bit, the column number of this tabulation is defined as 0,1...m...n-1, corresponding one by one with the router virtual port numbers of above being distributed respectively, when column number be the value of row of m for ' 1 ' time, show that virtual port number is that the port of m has multicast packets output, otherwise when being ' 0 ', show that this port does not have multicast packets output.It is pointed out that table 2 only is a list item in traditional multicast forward table, the output port of this multicast forward table is set at maximum, promptly removes outside the inbound port " 0000000 " all the other 127 ports and all has multicast packets output.The table of comparisons 2 and table 3 can find that new multicast forward table can be reduced to the output port list length of foregoing 1.28T router 128 bit positions.
The structure of the newly-generated multicast forward table of table 3
Figure C20061007650400102
204: primary processor obtains new multicast forward table;
The tabulation of identification multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth specifically comprises step:
205: primary processor issues newly-generated multicast forward table to forwarding engine, simultaneously mapping table is handed down to each from processor;
206: forwarding engine is transmitted by new multicast forward table and is tabled look-up;
Wherein, after the list item of new multicast forward table is issued to forwarding engine, multicast packets source address and group address will be stored in the TCAM as the prefix part of list item, and dummy output terminal mouth tabulation will partly store as the result of list item with SRAM in, take this to realize that the high speed multicast tables look-up.
207: checking result is become the tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth;
208: ply-yarn drill, forwarding engine and switching network are according to the identification of mapping table realization to the tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth;
209: when multicast replication, the virtual port output listing is discerned;
Wherein, under the situation that adopts the classification multicast replication, specifically realize by the following method:
After switching network receives the exchange grouping that forwarding engine sends, can identify each output line card number of this multicast packets according to the mapping table that the dummy output terminal mouth is tabulated and primary processor issues that the exchange grouping is carried, thereby which ply-yarn drill decision is duplicated this multicast packets and exchange on, after each ply-yarn drill is received the multicastapackets that switching network duplicates, need to utilize dummy output terminal mouth tabulation that grouping carries and the mapping table that issues to identify the concrete output port of multicast packets on this ply-yarn drill, thereby which port decision is duplicated multicast packets and be delivered on.In concrete the enforcement, switching network can see Table 4 according to the newly-generated aid identification table of the mapping table that primary processor issued from processor,
The pairing aid identification table of table 4 switching network
Virtual port 0 Virtual port 1 Virtual port 2 Virtual port 3 Virtual port 4 Virtual port 5 Virtual port 6 Virtual port 7 ...... Virtual port 127
Ply-yarn drill 00000 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 ...... 0
Ply-yarn drill 00001 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 ...... 0
...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ......
Ply-yarn drill 11111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...... 1
As shown in table 4, in this table, each row is corresponding to a concrete router cable fastener number, each row is corresponding to a concrete router virtual port numbers, in the pairing delegation of each router cable fastener, the value of pairing each row of each virtual port number that this ply-yarn drill comprised all is set at ' 1 ', the value of all the other each row all is set at ' 0 ', for example the value of the 0000 ply-yarn drill institute corresponding row of 0 frame is " 1111000...0 ", when whether 0000 ply-yarn drill of judging 0 frame needs multicast replication, in the dummy output terminal mouth tabulation that switching network can carry exchange grouping and the table 4 the 0th capable value step-by-step mutually " with ", phase " with " after the result carry out inclusive-OR operation, if must be worth be value is that ' 1 ' shows that 0000 ply-yarn drill of 0 frame needs multicast replication, otherwise then do not need.In addition, each router cable fastener also can be by it from the newly-generated aid identification tabulation separately of processor, and the value of this tabulation is worth corresponding to each row of the aid identification table that switching network generates, sees Table 5,
The pairing aid identification tabulation of 0000 ply-yarn drill of table 50 frame
Virtual port 0 Virtual port 1 Virtual port 2 Virtual port 3 Virtual port 4 ...... Virtual port 127
1 1 1 1 0 ...... 0
Table 5 is aid identification tabulations of 0000 ply-yarn drill correspondence of 0 frame, and the value of this tabulation is corresponding to the value of the 0th row in the table 4.After this tabulation is issued to 0000 ply-yarn drill of 0 frame, when multicastapackets is imported, the tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth that ply-yarn drill can carry grouping carry out with table 5 step-by-step " with " logic, this port that shows that must be worth for ' 1 ' has multicast packets output, otherwise does not then have.Switching network and each ply-yarn drill can be supported the surface speed forwarding of multicast packets easily with the identification of hardware realization of High Speed virtual port tabulation like this;
In addition, finish separately under the multicast replication situation at the employing switching network, can realize by the following method: because single ply-yarn drill may comprise a plurality of output ports, therefore switching network may need to duplicate many parts of multicast packets for single output line card, and, then do not carry out multicast replication at needs specific on each ply-yarn drill.For switching network, identical with the classification multicast replication is: switching network need produce a same aid identification tabulation, after receiving exchange grouping, the dummy output terminal mouth tabulation that switching network equally need be entrained with grouping and each of above-mentioned aid identification tabulation go step-by-step mutually " with ".Different is: at this moment, switching network need with phase " with " back gained the result " add " mutually, draw the umber of the required duplicated multicast bag of switching network, significantly, if must be worth for ' 0 ' and show that this ply-yarn drill does not need multicast replication, otherwise then need duplicate many parts of multicast packets for this ply-yarn drill according to the result that phase " adds " gained.And concerning each ply-yarn drill, will not carry out multicast replication at needs this moment.
210: when the forwarding engine bag is handled, the virtual port output listing is discerned;
Wherein, under the situation of supporting the PIM-SM agreement, forwarding engine needs also to judge whether the inbound port (physical label) of multicast packets is present in the dummy output terminal mouth tabulation in the checking result, thereby realizes the Assert mechanism of PIM_SM protocol requirement;
See also Fig. 3, realize asserting machine-processed flow chart for forwarding engine of the present invention by random access memory, the specific implementation method comprises:
301: after multicast packets inputs to forwarding engine, be that address wire is carried out RAM and tabled look-up with this physical label that wraps into port,
302: the result of gained after output RAM tables look-up;
303: the forwarding engine multicast is tabled look-up;
304: the output multicast forward table is searched the dummy output terminal mouth tabulation of back gained;
305: with RAM table look-up result and the dummy output terminal mouth of back gained tabulate step-by-step carry out " with " logic;
306: at last with all positions " with " result of logic mutually " or ", if income value for ' 1 ' then show that inbound port is present in the multicast forwarding table output port tabulation, otherwise then do not exist.
Fig. 4 is the structure content schematic diagram of RAM, wherein n represents the data length of ports physical sign, the content of each row is corresponding to a concrete router port, if the pairing virtual port number of this row is m, then should be ' 1 ' except that the m row in this row, the value of all the other each row all should be set at ' 0 '.
More than the virtual identifying method of the multicast forwarding table output port of a kind of high-performance router provided by the present invention is described in detail, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that all can change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. the virtual identifying method of a multicast forwarding table output port is applied to high-performance router, it is characterized in that, revises the output port tabulation of multicast forward table, comprises step:
A: set up the tabulation of multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth; With
B: identification multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth tabulation;
Wherein, described step a specifically comprises:
A1: primary processor is distributed to virtual port number of each router port;
A2: virtual port number is corresponding with the physical label number of each router port, generate mapping table;
A3: utilize the new multicast forward table dummy output terminal mouth tabulation of the corresponding generation of output port tabulation of traditional multicast forward table with mapping table; With
A4: primary processor obtains new multicast forward table.
2. according to the virtual identifying method of the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 1, it is characterized in that the realization of described step a relates to the control plane of router.
3. according to the virtual identifying method of the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 1, it is characterized in that the realization of described step b relates to the datum plane of router.
4. according to the virtual identifying method of the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 1, it is characterized in that the physical label number of router port is to identify with traditional physics shelf number, physical cord card number and physical port number among the described step a2.
5. according to the virtual identifying method of the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 1, it is characterized in that mapping table is safeguarded by primary processor among the described step a2.
6. according to the virtual identifying method of the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 1, it is characterized in that mapping table will regenerate among the described step a2 when router port configuration changes.
7. according to the virtual identifying method of the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 1, it is characterized in that described step b specifically comprises:
B1: primary processor is issued to forwarding engine with new multicast forward table, simultaneously mapping table is issued to from processor;
B2: forwarding engine is transmitted by new multicast forward table and is tabled look-up;
B3: checking result is become the tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth;
B4: ply-yarn drill, forwarding engine and switching network are according to the identification of mapping table realization to the tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth;
B5: when multicast replication, switching network and ply-yarn drill are discerned the virtual port output listing;
B6: when the forwarding engine bag was handled, forwarding engine was discerned the virtual port output listing.
8. according to the virtual identifying method of the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 7, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise among the described step b5:
B51: switching network receives the exchange grouping that forwarding engine sends;
B52: discern the corresponding output line card number of this multicast packets with the mapping table that primary processor issues according to the dummy output terminal mouth tabulation that the exchange grouping is carried;
B53: this multicast packets is duplicated and exchanged on the corresponding ply-yarn drill;
B54: the concrete output port of mapping table identification multicast packets on this ply-yarn drill that this ply-yarn drill issues according to tabulation of dummy output terminal mouth and primary processor;
B55: this multicast packets is duplicated and is transported on the corresponding port.
9. according to the virtual identifying method of the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 7, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise among the described step b6:
B61: multicast packets enters forwarding engine;
B62: forwarding engine is finished the linear speed multicast and is tabled look-up, the output checking result;
B63: forwarding engine judges whether the physical label of multicast packets inbound port is present in the dummy output terminal mouth tabulation in the checking result, if, execution in step b64 then;
B64: finish judgement, realize asserting Assert mechanism to multicast packets.
10. according to the virtual identifying method of the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 9, it is characterized in that described step b63 supports loose pattern multicast protocol PIM-SM.
11. the virtual identifying method according to the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 9 is characterized in that, described step b64 realizes asserting that mechanism satisfies the PIM-SM requirement.
12. the virtual identifying method according to the described multicast forwarding table output port of claim 9 is characterized in that, the mechanism asserted among the described step b64 realizes by random access memory ram.
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