The mixed method of heterogeneous reaction and adopt the superpower turbulent mass transfer tower of this method
Technical field
The mixed method machine that the present invention relates to heterogeneous reaction adopts a kind of superpower turbulent mass transfer tower of this method.Specifically, the present invention proposes a kind of gas that contains pernicious gas, solid flue dust that is applied to purify, also can be used for the method and the mass transfer apparatus of various forced mass transferring occasion simultaneously.
Background technology
For keeping the sustainable development of economic construction, protection environment, energy savings have become a top-priority problem in the process of economic development.And in order to reduce production cost and relevant investment, that relevant enterprise is badly in need of is efficient, the heterogeneous separation equipment of low energy consumption, low equipment investment.On the other hand, the production process of chemical field (as absorb, extraction, dry and other chemical reaction) in also seeking the mass transfer apparatus of high mass transfer rate, low energy consumption always, to reduce production costs and the investment of equipment.
For many years, in order to adapt to the demand of above-mentioned industrial development, existing mass transfer apparatus has all had very big progress such as bubble tower, plate column, packed tower, spray column, shower tower etc., and they are undertaking the role of backbone in the depollution of environment, chemical process.Usually, these equipment often increase alternate time of contact by increasing alternate attaching space, or increase the cloth liquid measure to increase the effect that alternate contact area improves interphase mass transfer.Adopt this class mode generally to need mass transfer apparatus to have huge tower body.Obviously, it needs bigger production land used and higher equipment investment.For reducing the tower body volume, prior art also wants to improve the effect that air velocity improves interphase mass transfer, but because the restriction of the principle of above-mentioned mass transfer apparatus technology own, be difficult to realize, as plate column, along with the raising of air velocity, its resistance sharply raises, and energy consumption of equipment is big, economy is bad.Spray column and for example, air velocity increases, and the drop of spray just must increase, and alternate contacted specific surface area reduces on the contrary, does not realize the purpose of efficient mass transfer.So the said equipment is considering that to combined factors such as efficient and economy air velocity is taken at per second below 3 meters more, has so just limited the further raising of the effect of interphase mass transfer under the prerequisite.
Turbulent mass transfer is much higher compared with the mass transfer rate of laminar mass transfer, and this is that everybody generally acknowledges.Therefore, most of separation equipments and chemical reaction device all are to be designed to be operated under the turbulence state.But existing various mass transfer column do not find a kind of turbulent mass transfer of both having strengthened, the method and structure that energy consumption is less again.Cause the reason of these problems to be, in most of equipment, mass transfer is continuous mutually or the part mass transfer is continuous mutually.As spray column, liquid phase is sprayed by nozzle, forms drop, become decentralized photo, and gas phase is continuous; And for example, bubble tower, gas phase feeds from the liquid bottom, and under the effect of pressure, by liquid phase, gas phase is disperseed in the bubble mode, and liquid phase is continuous; Packed tower, be that filler is housed in tower body, liquid phase is past dirty along the slit of filler by the upper strata, gas phase by bottom along the slit of filler toward the upper reaches, gas, liquid contact in the slit that filler forms, and have increased contact area, improve mass-transfer efficiency, the state of this mass transfer, liquid phase, gas phase all are continuous.
People wish to make consciously turbulent flow or strengthen turbulent flow in the method for making great efforts to seek to strengthen mass transfer in mass transfer apparatus, wish that mass transfer all forms the dispersion primitive mutually, and to reach abundant mixing, molten is one, improves alternate contact area greatly.But see that with regard to present circumstances many effort though can strengthen turbulent flow than good utilisation, improve the achievement of mass-transfer efficiency, do not find the technology that mass transfer all disperses mutually that participates in.A kind of " answering water that the gaseous state trace element particle in the thermal current is absorbed method in the dust " disclosed as Chinese patent literature CN88102880A, this method has a mind to be provided with turbulent flow generator, promptly in runner, change airflow direction (air-flow turns to 180 degree) and change the caliber that flows, make the local acceleration of air-flow, form turbulent flow, strengthen mass transfer effect, but this method, turbulence intensity is limited, and gas phase does not reach dispersion and forms the fixedly purpose of field of turbulent flow.Among the american documentation literature US5234672A " strengthening the method and apparatus of stack gas desulfurization facility separating power ", (near desulfurization reactor) device baffle plate in the horizontal flue of proposition before desulfurization reactor, to the flue gas disturbance, form turbulent flow and enter desulfurization reactor, strengthen separating power, but the turbulence intensity that this method produces is along with the obviously decay away from turbulent flow generator, and gas phase also is continuous.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of improved mass transfer column with superpower turbulent flow of carrying out the mixed method of heterogeneous reaction and adopting this method, make multi-phase material in superpower turbulent mass transfer field, realize the heterogeneous dispersity that all is in, the primitive of heterogeneous dispersion clashes into mutually, realize the primitive refinement, improve alternate contacted specific surface area greatly; Simultaneously, primitive is also followed coalescence, chap making the primitive refinement in the bump mutually, and this process is upgraded primitive realization surface at a high speed; These two kinds of processes make heterogeneous keeping stable high speed mass transfer.Further purpose of the present invention is in the chemical reaction process that makes in superpower turbulent mass transfer field, and the alternate solute of each material is away from balance, and mass transfer remains at a high speed, improves separation, the reaction efficiency of equipment.
For achieving the above object, mixed method of carrying out heterogeneous reaction of the present invention, comprising: (a) air communication of input mass transfer column is crossed the size and Orientation that changes runner, the air-flow vector is quickened the also diffusion of strengthening flow, form superpower turbulent mass transfer flow field; (b) liquid is imported superpower turbulent mass transfer field, made in liquid and the air-flow contact process and disperseed by bump, gas originally when bump liquid, is also followed dispersion simultaneously; (c) thus in superpower turbulent mass transfer field; follow superpower turbulent flow bump; form drop, bubble grain primitive; and further clash into thinner primitive; liquid phase, gas phase are by bump, the coalescence of primitive; increase liquid phase and gas phase contacted specific surface area, carried out Surface Renewal rapidly, finished the process of stable mass transfer.
Described method of the present invention is controlled turbulence intensity by continuously changing runner direction and size and changing the air-flow angle of flare.Can require to optimize the consumption of energy like this according to different separating reactions.
Further, flow velocity in the runner in the method for the present invention radially at the uniform velocity, to guarantee the uniformity of superpower field of turbulent flow, to realize stablizing mass transfer.
The invention allows for a kind of superpower turbulent mass transfer tower, it comprises a mass transfer tower body, and described mass transfer tower body is provided with air flow inlet and liquid inlet; A mozzle that is communicated with described air flow inlet; And the liquid input tube that is communicated with described liquid inlet; The described air flow inlet of wherein said mozzle and mass transfer column interconnects by a unsteady flow pipe; Be provided with in the described unsteady flow pipe to the air-flow of process quicken, the mechanism of diffusion.
Specifically, in the described unsteady flow pipe of the present invention described to air-flow quicken, the mechanism of diffusion is roughly trapezoidal rill pipe by a plurality of adjacent and circumferential sections and forms, the axis of described rill pipe can be regulated with respect to the axis of described unsteady flow pipe.
Further, described unsteady flow pipe comprises an outer wall and a center support; Described rill pipe is that trapezoidal (definition: the minor face on the limit of trapezoidal almost parallel is that upper base is grown the limit for going to the bottom with the sidewall that is arranged on the cylindricality center support in the middle of the described unsteady flow pipe, as follows) last downside wall, madial wall with described unsteady flow pipe outer wall is following downside wall, is trapezoidal waist with the dividing plate that radially is provided with between described cylindricality center support and described unsteady flow pipe outer wall; Minor axis is equipped with at the two ends of described dividing plate respectively, and described minor axis is connected with the outer wall of described center support and described unsteady flow pipe respectively, makes described rill pipe rotatable, to change the flow direction of fluid in cross section of fluid channel and the runner.
Wherein, described dividing plate has roughly trapezoidal shape, and it goes to the bottom towards described unsteady flow pipe outer wall its upper base towards described cylindricality center support.
Described unsteady flow pipe of the present invention has one can drive the driving mechanism that described dividing plate rotates synchronously, is roughly the trapezoidal runner change flow direction and regulates flow velocity to drive section.Described section is roughly the airflow direction that trapezoidal rill pipe changed and spends to 80 degree adjustable continuously from 0.Change because section is roughly the direction of trapezoidal runner, the speed of air-flow can be adjusted to more than the 30M/S by 6M/S, and the air-flow angle of flare also changes, but the air velocity in the runner radially keeps constant speed substantially.The turbulivity of superpower turbulent mass transfer field is by regulating air velocity and direction and regulating air-flow diffusion angle and realize regulating.
Wherein, the described minor axis of at least one side of described rill pipe is fixedlyed connected with described dividing plate, and this minor axis is by bearing seal ground and be installed in rotation on described unsteady flow pipe outer wall or the tubular center support; Described driving mechanism comprises a master driver that can rotate around described unsteady flow tubular axis line, and is fixed on the minor axis driving member on the free end with the fixing described minor axis of described dividing plate; Described minor axis driving member combines with described master driver, so that described dividing plate is rotated under the drive of master driver.
Described liquid inlet comprises a water collector that is connected with described mass transfer tower body by distributive pipe, liquid by water collector in described distributive pipe enters described mass transfer tower body.In described mass transfer tower body in the superpower turbulent mass transfer field; liquid is clashed into by superpower turbulent flow; form drop, bubble grain primitive; and further clash into thinner primitive; liquid phase, gas phase are by bump, the coalescence of primitive; increase the specific area of liquid phase, carried out Surface Renewal rapidly, finished the process of stable mass transfer.
Described mass transfer tower body is provided with the labyrinth structure of being made up of back-up ring and side shutter; By being set, distance that end distance section under the labyrinth structure is roughly trapezoidal runner end controls the thickness of superpower turbulent mass transfer field.The controllable thickness of superpower turbulent mass transfer of the present invention field is at 100 millimeters to 500 millimeters.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology, in superpower field of turbulent flow, the specific area of liquid compared with common spray column, fill out shaft tower, sieve-plate tower the flowing fluid ratio surface area big tens of times, reach same mass-transfer efficiency, its resistance compared with spray column, packed tower, sieve-plate tower is on the low side or approaching, liquid-gas ratio but reduces greatly, the mass transfer space also reduces greatly, at existing liquid-gas, in liquid-gas-solid mass transfer apparatus, its combination property is fitst water, and energy consumption is minimum.In Chemical Engineering, almost any customary way can be realized with superpower turbulent mass transfer field.The intensity of superpower turbulent mass transfer field is controlled, and these characteristics can be implemented in the different engineerings, according to the different requirements of engineering mass transfer, makes energy consumption reach minimum.
Description of drawings
For the easier quilt of content of the present invention is clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the cross-section structure front view of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 2 is that A embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 is to view;
Fig. 3 is the cross-section structure front view of unsteady flow pipe of the present invention;
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show the driving mechanism of the synchronous rotation on the unsteady flow pipe of the present invention in detail;
Fig. 6 shows different air-flow structure for conveying schematic diagram of the present invention with Fig. 7.
Label table in the accompanying drawing is shown: 1-air flow inlet, 2-liquid inlet, 3-mass transfer tower body, 4-mozzle, 5-unsteady flow pipe, 6-quickens, the mechanism of diffusion, 7-unsteady flow pipe outer wall, 8-center support, the 9-dividing plate, 10, the 11-minor axis, the 12-master driver, 13-minor axis driving member, the 14-line of rabbet joint, 15-rocking arm, 16-annular steel unit, 17 driving levers, 18-distributive pipe, the 19-water collector, 20-back-up ring, 21-side shutter.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 demonstrate a most preferred embodiment of the present invention.Superpower turbulent mass transfer tower wherein of the present invention comprises a mozzle 4 that is provided with 3, one curved tubuloses that are communicated with described air flow inlet 1 of mass transfer tower body of air flow inlet 1 and liquid inlet 2; And the liquid input tube that is communicated with described liquid inlet 2.Wherein said mozzle 4 interconnects by a unsteady flow pipe 5 with the described air flow inlet 1 of mass transfer column, be provided with in the described unsteady flow pipe 5 by a plurality of adjacent and circumferential sections be roughly that trapezoidal rill pipe forms to air-flow quicken, the mechanism 6 of diffusion.Referring to Fig. 3, the concrete structure of described unsteady flow pipe 5 comprises an outer wall 7 and a center support 8; Described rill pipe is trapezoidal last downside wall with the sidewall that is arranged on the cylindricality center support 8 in the middle of the described unsteady flow pipe 5, madial wall with described unsteady flow pipe outer wall 7 is following downside wall, is trapezoidal waist with the dividing plate 9 that radially is provided with between described cylindricality center support 8 and described unsteady flow pipe outer wall 7.Described dividing plate 9 be shaped as isosceles trapezoid, it goes to the bottom towards described unsteady flow pipe outer wall 7 its upper base towards described cylindricality center support 8. Minor axis 10,11 is equipped with at the two ends of described dividing plate 9 respectively, and the described minor axis 11 that is in described rill pipe bottom one side is fixedlyed connected with described dividing plate 9, described minor axis 11 is by bearing seal ground and be installed in rotation on the described unsteady flow pipe outer wall 7, and the described minor axis 10 of the other end is connected with described center support 8.Described unsteady flow pipe 5 has one can drive the driving mechanism that described dividing plate 9 rotates synchronously, referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, described driving mechanism comprises a master driver 12 that can rotate around described unsteady flow pipe 5 axis, and is fixed on the minor axis driving member 13 on the free end with the fixing described minor axis 11 of described dividing plate 9; Described minor axis driving member 13 matches with described master driver 12, so that described dividing plate 9 is rotated under the drive of master driver 12.Described rill pipe is rotated, to change the flow direction of fluid in cross section of fluid channel and the runner.Described driving mechanism drives described section and is roughly trapezoidal rill pipe and spends to the continuous airflow direction that changes of 80 degree adjustablely from 0, is roughly trapezoidal runner and changes and flow to and regulate flow velocity to drive section.Dot the location status after described minor axis driving member 13 and described dividing plate 9 turn an angle with respect to wherein solid line position state among Fig. 4.Change because section is roughly the direction of trapezoidal runner, the speed of air-flow can be adjusted to more than the 30M/S by 6M/S, and the air-flow angle of flare also changes, but the air velocity in the runner radially keeps constant speed substantially.The turbulivity of superpower turbulent mass transfer field is by regulating air velocity and direction and regulating air-flow diffusion angle and realize regulating.In the present embodiment, described minor axis driving member 13 in the described driving mechanism is a rocking arm 15 that has the line of rabbet joint 14, described master driver 12 is an annular steel unit 16 that is arranged on described unsteady flow pipe outer wall 7 outsides, described annular steel unit 16 can rotate around described unsteady flow pipe 5, and its side towards described rocking arm 15 be provided with described rocking arm 15 on the driving lever 17 of the line of rabbet joint 14 engagements.Described liquid inlet 2 comprises a water collector 19 that is connected with described mass transfer tower body 3 by distributive pipe 18, liquid by water collector 19 in described distributive pipe 18 enters described mass transfer tower body 3.In described mass transfer tower body 3 in the superpower turbulent mass transfer field; liquid is clashed into by superpower turbulent flow; form drop, bubble grain primitive; and further clash into thinner primitive; liquid phase, gas phase are by bump, the coalescence of primitive; increase the specific area of liquid phase, carried out Surface Renewal rapidly, finished the process of stable mass transfer.Described mass transfer tower body 3 is provided with by what back-up ring 20 and side shutter 21 were formed and states the palace structure; By being set, distance that end distance section under the labyrinth structure is roughly trapezoidal runner end controls the thickness of superpower turbulent mass transfer field.The controllable thickness of superpower turbulent mass transfer of the present invention field is at 100 millimeters to 500 millimeters, and diameter is taken between 200 millimeters to 10000 millimeters.
In the mixed process of carrying out heterogeneous reaction in superpower turbulent mass transfer tower of the present invention,, be connected with air blast by pipeline air-flow is input in the described mass transfer tower body 3 according to the needs of technological process.Adjust described section by described driving mechanism and be roughly the angle of the axis of trapezoidal rill pipe with respect to the axis of described unsteady flow pipe 5, change the direction and the size that changes runner of the air-flow of input mass transfer column, the air-flow vector is quickened the also diffusion of strengthening flow, form superpower turbulent mass transfer flow field.Wherein by using hand push annular steel unit 16, make described annular steel unit 16 around described mass transfer tower body 3 axis rotate drive with described annular steel unit 16 on the rocking arm 15 of described driving lever 17 engagements and described dividing plate 9 rotations of fixedlying connected with described rocking arm 15, regulate described section and be roughly trapezoidal rill pipe.The liquid of required input by water collector 19 in described distributive pipe 18 enters described mass transfer tower body 3.Liquid is imported superpower turbulent mass transfer field, make in liquid and the air-flow contact process and disperseed by bump, gas originally when bump liquid, is also followed dispersion simultaneously.Thus in superpower turbulent mass transfer field; follow superpower turbulent flow bump; form drop, bubble grain primitive; and further clash into thinner primitive; liquid phase, gas phase are by bump, the coalescence of primitive; increase liquid phase and gas phase contacted specific surface area, carried out Surface Renewal rapidly, finished the process of stable mass transfer.
An alternative embodiment of described driving mechanism of the present invention is that the described minor axis 11 that is in described rill pipe bottom one side is fixedlyed connected with described dividing plate 9, and described minor axis 11 is by bearing seal ground and be installed in rotation on the described unsteady flow pipe outer wall 7; The main actuator of described driving mechanism is an annulus that is arranged on described unsteady flow pipe outer wall 7 outsides, and described annulus can rotate around described unsteady flow pipe 5; Described minor axis actuator is a free-ended pinion that is fixed on described minor axis 11; And it is towards the arc-shaped rack of the one side of the described pinion Duan Weiyu described pinion corresponding with described pinion.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, a kind of alternative technical scheme is that described center support 8 is a Cylinder shape constructional element; The described minor axis 10 that is in base one side on the described rill pipe is fixedlyed connected with described dividing plate 9, and is provided with the gear-like parts at the free end of described minor axis 10; Described minor axis 10 must the feud by bearing and is installed in rotation on the described center support 8; Described driving mechanism comprises a discoid gear that is arranged in the described center support 8, described discoid gear can rotate around the axis of described unsteady flow pipe 5, and its at least a portion towards the one side of described gear-like parts forms the tooth that meshes with described gear-like parts.
As seen from the above-described embodiment, main actuator of the present invention can drive the Mechanical Driven that also can use such as motor with manpower.
In addition, superpower turbulent mass transfer tower is according to the needs of technological process, is connected with air blast by pipeline and makes operation under positive pressure (referring to Fig. 6) or be connected with air-introduced machine to do negative pressure operation (referring to Fig. 7).
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not to be qualification to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.And these belong to conspicuous variation or the change that spirit of the present invention extended out and still are among protection scope of the present invention.