CN100413199C - Pulse width modulation control method for multistage superposed high-voltage frequency converter - Google Patents
Pulse width modulation control method for multistage superposed high-voltage frequency converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN100413199C CN100413199C CNB011035374A CN01103537A CN100413199C CN 100413199 C CN100413199 C CN 100413199C CN B011035374 A CNB011035374 A CN B011035374A CN 01103537 A CN01103537 A CN 01103537A CN 100413199 C CN100413199 C CN 100413199C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a pulse width modulation and control method for multi-stage superimposed high voltage frequency converters. A pulse width modulation signal is respectively input in four switching pipes on each unit in each stage in a multi-stage superimposed high voltage frequency converter for controlling the switch-on time and the switch-off time of the switching pipes. The switch-on time is calculated by a voltage space vector method. The switching pipes in each unit of each phase are orderly switched on, and the time interval is Ts/m.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of pulse width modulation control method that is used for multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter.
[background technology]
Along with China reform and opening-up deeply and the quickening of economic construction paces, demand to the energy is also increasing, and, will cause producing the rapid minimizing of the resources such as oil, natural gas, coal of the energy on the one hand, thereby cause following energy shortage problem to the wilderness demand of the energy.On the other hand, a large amount of productions of a large amount of exploitations of resource and the energy can destroy the ecological balance, atmosphere pollution etc. again and cause the deterioration of environment.Energy savings improves rate of energy and has become the common problem of paying close attention to of the whole society.Therefore, alternating current motor is especially carried out speed governing to high voltage motor, can save a large amount of electric energy; both reduce the wasting of resources, protected environment, reduced the energy consumption of unit again; improve economic benefit of enterprises, had great realistic meaning and social benefit.
Add up according to investigations, the generating total amount of China has occupied the second place of the world, power consumption total amount and Japan are suitable, but the output value has only 1/3rd of Japan, China's product competitiveness in the international market that the energy consumption of the energy consumption per unit of output value and unit product has been higher than developed country's level affects far away.The application practice in nearly ten years proves that promoting frequency control can economize on electricity, and can improve technological process again, improves the quality of products and effect.Therefore, to power consumption account for China generating total amount 60%～70% motor to carry out speed governing be imperative, only in this way, can finish comprehensive growth that few input, high benefit realize national economy.
AC frequency conversion speed regulator has obtained extensive use in the many fields in producing and living, but in the domestic and international variable-frequency governor product that provides comparatively speaking comparative maturity be the low-voltage product, they do not satisfy the requirement of high voltage load, and high-voltage motor necessary high voltages frequency converter does not also have ripe especially product so far.Just because of huge social benefit and economic benefit that this product has huge market potential and actual Development and Production to use, famous company and the scientific research institution of lot of domestic and international actively carrying out research, exploitation and the manufacturing of high voltage converter a few days ago.
Multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter is have superiority most in present numerous high-pressure frequency-conversion major loop scheme a kind of, yet the research to multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter control is very few at present, there are research work such as many theories, emulation and experiment deeply to launch, control method to it has many problems to be badly in need of further investigation, also suddenly waits to develop and produce about its new product certainly.The research of multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter control method is helped to realize with simpler method the control of high voltage converter, its development and exploitation are had very great help, so multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter PWM (pulse width modulation) control method research is had very high theory significance and practical value.
The Related product of multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter occurs at present, but they do not satisfy the demand in market far away owing to factors such as performance and prices, and one of key that determines its performance is exactly the method for it being carried out PWM (pulse width modulation) control.
[summary of the invention]
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the above problems, and a kind of pulse width modulation control method that is used for multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter is provided, and improves the frequency converter performance, to reach purpose of energy saving.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of pulse width modulation control method that is used for multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter, it is characterized in that: give in the multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter and import a pulse-width signal on four switching tubes on each unit in every grade, with the turn-on and turn-off time of control switch pipe; In each unit, the calculating of the ON time of four switching tubes utilizes voltage space vector pwm theory, that is: the switching tube on each unit is divided into groups, six switching tubes at the opposite position place of corresponding unit are one group in the three-phase, eight of six switching tubes kinds of switching combinations of states are called eight voltage vectors in every group, wherein two is zero vector, and six is non-zero vector in addition; Six non-zero vectors are divided into six sectors with the space, can utilize voltage space vector pwm theory to calculate conducting, the turn-off time of each switching tube in view of the above;
Be the action time of two non-zero vectors in each sector:
First module left side pipe:
t1＝Msin((no*60-θ)*π/180)/(6f*np)
t2＝Msin((θ-(no-1)*60)*π/180)/(6f*np)
The right pipe of first module postpones 180 degree than left side pipe:
t1＝Msin((no*60-θ)*π/180+π)/(6f*np)
t2＝Msin((θ-(no-1)*60)*π/180+π)/(6f*np)
Wherein: θ is a switching angle, and angular unit is degree; F is the frequency of frequency converter output, and np is the number of the minizone divided in each 60 degree sector, and no is the position of sector, and according to the position of voltage vector, its value can be 1,2,3,4,5,6;
The remaining time is the action time of zero vector in each cycle;
Calculate the make-and-break time of each switching tube in the first module according to following formula;
Second, third ... each switching tube then postpones the Ts/m conducting than the respective switch pipe of its last unit respectively in the m unit, wherein m be every mutually in contained unit number, the i.e. progression of multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter.。
Owing to adopted above scheme, the voltage space vector pwm theory of using in common (low pressure) frequency control is used in the multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter, ON time to each switch in each phase, the at different levels and every grade of unit is done suitable arrangement, thereby the control method that can not be used for multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter originally becomes available.Emulation and experiment show, adopt this method under the prerequisite that does not increase harmonic content, can improve voltage utilization greatly approximately.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of each unit of multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter;
Fig. 2 is that multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter is formed one of schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter is formed one of schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the light-coupled isolation schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that optical fiber is isolated schematic diagram.
[embodiment]
Also the present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below by specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 is a multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter modular unit schematic diagram, comprises the rectifying part in left side and the H bridge on right side, and wherein switching tube the 11,12,21, the 22nd, igbt (IGBT).Switching tube 11 is called upper arm left side pipe among the figure, and switching tube 21 is called the right pipe of upper arm, and switching tube 12 is called underarm left side pipe, and switching tube 22 is called the right pipe of underarm." control signal " among Fig. 1 is exactly the pulse-width modulation control signal of control switch pipe, and four signals are received respectively on four switching tubes, and the pulsewidth of control signal and duty ratio have just determined the conducting and the shut-in time of switching tube.
Multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter in this development is exactly to divide three groups by so a plurality of (as 15) unit to be in series (every group constitutes a phase), and the high voltage converter that constitutes is formed sketch shown in Fig. 2,3 thus.
Above-mentioned be that to produce the PWM ripple in the multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter of units in series how simply, efficiently be difficult point in the electric drive field with the H bridge.
At present, the control algolithm that the PWM ripple produces in frequency control has following several substantially: homalographic sampling method, average regular sampling, triple-frequency harmonics injection method, saddle wave mode PWM mode and voltage space vector pwm theory etc.The starting point of voltage space vector pwm theory, triple-frequency harmonics injection method and saddle wave mode PWM mode all is to improve voltage utilization.Compare the homalographic sampling method with average regular sampling and do not preponderate, but it to calculate a cosine value more.
The triple-frequency harmonics injection method itself has various processing methods and implementation, and the present invention is used in the space vector of voltage injection method in the multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter, and this is former to be never to cross.It will solve many problems, such as: the calculating of the ON time of four switching tubes in same unit, same mutually in poor, each differing between mutually of the ON time of each unit (also being each level) etc.
" Alternating Current Governor System " book (China Machine Press, in May, 1998) that the voltage space vector pwm theory of common three phase converter can be write with reference to old when uncle, Chen Minxun.Its main points are that eight kinds of compound modes that the on off operating mode of six switching tubes in the three-phase is possible are considered as eight voltage vectors, and two zero vectors and six non-zero vectors are wherein arranged; Six non-zero vectors are divided into six intervals with voltage space, and two voltage vectors in each is interval are called first vector and second vector; After determining the action time of first vector and second vector and zero amount of knowing, determine the switching time of each switching tube again according to this time.
For multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter, because its progression is many, a quantity of closing pipe neither two but four on each unit in every grade, utilize voltage space vector pwm theory each switching tube need be made up in this frequency converter.
The compound mode of the embodiment of the invention is:
Six switching tubes at the opposite position place of corresponding unit are one group in the three-phase, that is: A1, B1, C1 are three corresponding units in the three-phase, are collectively referred to as first module.And the pipe positions, six left sides on A1, B1, the C1 are corresponding, and six right pipe positions are corresponding, six left Guan Weiyi groups then, and six right pipes are another group.Eight of six switching tubes kinds of switching combinations of states promptly form eight voltage vectors in every group.
After the grouping, will calculate the action time of two non-zero vectors in each sector, its formula is:
First module left side pipe:
t1＝Msin((no*60-θ)*π/180)/(6f*np)
t2＝Msin((θ-(no-1)*60)*π/180)/(6f*np)
The right pipe of first module postpones 180 degree than left side pipe:
t1＝Msin((no*60-θ)*π/180+π)/(6f*np)
t2＝Msin((θ-(no-1)*60)*π/180+π)/(6f*np)
Wherein: θ is a switching angle, and angular unit is degree; F is the frequency of frequency converter output, and np is the number of the minizone divided in each 60 degree sector, and no is the position of sector, and according to the position of voltage vector, its value can be 1,2,3,4,5,6.
The remaining time is the action time of zero vector in each cycle.
Can calculate the make-and-break time of each switching tube in the first module according to following formula.
For second, third unit, identical algorithm can be arranged.But after the make-and-break time of first module is determined, can determine by the unit triggers phase shifting angle.
Relative unit 1, the unit triggers phase shift time difference is:
t＝(m-1)Ts/m
Every mutually in the last relatively position units in other each unit increase Ts/m successively, each phase phase place increases by 2 π/3 successively.That is: second, third ... each switching tube then postpones the Ts/m conducting than the respective switch pipe of its last unit respectively in the m unit, wherein m be every mutually in contained unit number, the i.e. progression of multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter.
Experiment showed, that the unit triggers phase shift is one of mechanism of waveform superposition formation multi-ladder ripple, only in this way harmonic wave just can significantly reduce, and unit triggers phase shift has simultaneously also avoided unit conducting simultaneously to cause bigger dv/dt.
On the other hand, experiment confirm, the phase-shifting carrier wave of each relative previous element in unit is 360 °/m, and m is a progression, also is the unit number of each, and it is 5 in this example.The waveform harmonics of superposition formation is less like this.But a large amount of simulation results shows that after the phase-shifting carrier wave, tri-phase unbalance factor increases.If not phase shift of carrier wave, harmonic wave increases slightly, but tri-phase unbalance factor reduces, and the more important thing is that algorithm is simplified, so use the method for not phase shift of carrier wave at this.
We have carried out the experiment of Computer Simulation to said method, and the result shows that this method is simply effective, the voltage utilization height.
When specific implementation, described formula can be calculated in advance, make a function table, and the switching sequence of each switching tube is made into switch list, in the working control process, directly from the table look-up switching of each switching tube of control of function table and switch list.
Among the embodiment, control signal is to be produced by master control digital signal processor (DSP), realizes giving the transmission of IGBT modular unit, distributes the corresponding driving waveform with field programmable gate array (FPGA), and between from FPGA to IGBT, also need to increase an isolation.Can there be dual mode to realize isolating, the one, light-coupled isolation, the one, optical fiber is isolated, respectively shown in Fig. 4,5.
Among Fig. 4: DSP is a digital signal processor, and FPGA is a field programmable gate array.Here be core with DSP, calculate pulse duration, realize to the transmission of IGBT modular unit, distribute the corresponding driving waveform, isolate and adopt the light lotus root with FPGA.
Among Fig. 5: CPLD is the complex programmable device.Here adopt the fiber optic serial encoding and decoding to send, receive data and realize communication, realized isolation simultaneously.
Control section adopts the VERTEX Series FPGA device XCV300 of XILINX company, and its one side and DSP carry out exchanges data, and the serial of finishing 15 tunnel modules on the one hand sends and receives.
Unit module adopts CPLD to finish the serial communication function, and handles accordingly according to the content that receives, and mainly contains: produce 2 road PWM waveforms; Produce the switching on and shutting down signal; Produce by-passing signal; Receive fault message and be uploaded to the processing that FPGA is correlated with.
Claims (3)
1. the pulse width modulation control method that is used for multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter, it is characterized in that: give in the multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter and import a pulse-width signal on four switching tubes on each unit in every grade, with the turn-on and turn-off time of control switch pipe; In each unit, the calculating of the ON time of four switching tubes utilizes voltage space vector pwm theory, that is:
Switching tube on each unit is divided into groups, six switching tubes at the opposite position place of corresponding unit are one group in the three-phase, eight of six switching tubes kinds of switching combinations of states are called eight voltage vectors in every group, and wherein two is zero vector, and six is non-zero vector in addition; Six non-zero vectors are divided into six sectors with the space, can utilize voltage space vector pwm theory to calculate conducting, the turn-off time of each switching tube in view of the above;
Be the action time of two non-zero vectors in each sector:
First module left side pipe:
t1＝Msin((no*60-θ)*π/180)/(6f*np)
t2＝Msin((θ-(no-1)*60)*π/180)/(6f*np)
The right pipe of first module postpones 180 degree than left side pipe:
t1＝Msin((no*60-θ)*π/180+π)/(6f*np)
t2＝Msin((θ-(no-1)*60)*π/180+π)/(6f*np)
Wherein: θ is a switching angle, and angular unit is degree; F is the frequency of frequency converter output, and np is the number of the minizone divided in each 60 degree sector, and no is the position of sector, and according to the position of voltage vector, its value can be 1,2,3,4,5,6;
The remaining time is the action time of zero vector in each cycle;
Calculate the make-and-break time of each switching tube in the first module according to following formula;
Second, third ... each switching tube then postpones the Ts/m conducting than the respective switch pipe of its last unit respectively in the m unit, wherein m be every mutually in contained unit number, the i.e. progression of multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter.
2. the pulse width modulation control method that is used for multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described formula is calculated in advance, make a function table, and the switching sequence of each switching tube is made into switch list, in the working control process, directly from the table look-up switching of each switching tube of control of function table and switch list.
3. the pulse width modulation control method that is used for multi-stage superimposed high-voltage frequency converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described pulse-width signal is to be produced by the master control digital signal processor DSP, realize to the transmission of IGBT modular unit, distribute the corresponding driving waveform with FPGA, and the light lotus root is adopted in the isolation between from FPGA to IGBT, or adopt the fiber optic serial encoding and decoding to send, receive data and realize communication, realize simultaneously isolating; The IGBT module adopts CPLD to finish the serial communication function, and handles accordingly according to the content that receives.
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| GB0213098D0 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2002-07-17 | Trw Ltd | Motor control device |
| CN101179230B (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2010-12-08 | 上海大学 | Method of compensating output current waveform distortion of soft switch three-phase PWM inverter |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5642275A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-06-24 | Lockheed Martin Energy System, Inc. | Multilevel cascade voltage source inverter with seperate DC sources |
| US6014323A (en) * | 1997-08-08 | 2000-01-11 | Robicon Corporation | Multiphase power converter |
| CN1244745A (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 2000-02-16 | 罗比康公司 | Drive with high output at trouble mold |
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2001
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5642275A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-06-24 | Lockheed Martin Energy System, Inc. | Multilevel cascade voltage source inverter with seperate DC sources |
| US6014323A (en) * | 1997-08-08 | 2000-01-11 | Robicon Corporation | Multiphase power converter |
| CN1244745A (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 2000-02-16 | 罗比康公司 | Drive with high output at trouble mold |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
| Title |
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| 基于FPGA的空间矢量PWM的实现. 孙文焕等.电气传动，第22卷第6期. 2000 |
| 基于FPGA的空间矢量PWM的实现. 孙文焕等.电气传动，第22卷第6期. 2000 * |
| 基于电压空间失量PWM脉宽调制方式的新型三电平高频整流器研究. 詹长江.电工技术学报，第14卷第2期. 1999 |
| 基于电压空间失量PWM脉宽调制方式的新型三电平高频整流器研究. 詹长江.电工技术学报，第14卷第2期. 1999 * |
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| 多模式电压空间矢量脉宽调制的理论分析及微机实现. 冯江华.机车电传动，第4期. 1996 * |
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Address after: 518057 Nanshan District science and Technology Industrial Park, Guangdong, Shenzhen Branch Road, No. Patentee after: Vitamin Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 518057 Nanshan District science and Technology Industrial Park, Guangdong, Shenzhen Branch Road, No. Patentee before: Aimosheng Network Energy Source Co., Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20080820 |