CN1004108B - Automatic control devices for generating station - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve reliability in case of failures by providing a drive control module, which can be operated separately from a control system which is in one to one correspondence with an apparatus as the minimum constituent unit of a plant, in a system apparatus unit separating control system of a power generating plant. A power generating plant 152 is composed of the plural number of systems 151 (151a-151n), and each system 151 includes the plural number of apparatus groups 150 (15a-15n) which is composed of the plural number of apparatuses 11 (11a-11n) to be controlled. And a DCM (drive control module) which is capable of backing up the input/output required to control a corresponding apparatus by a single piece of a printed circuit card, is provided to each apparatus 11 in the above said power generating plant in a manner of one to one correspondence for forming each of apparatus group controllers 156 (156a-156n) which corresponds to each of apparatus groups 150. And each DCM contains a manual back-up circuit so as to allow the other apparatus 11 to be automatically controlled as it is even if the DCM in discussion is out of order.

Description

Automatic control devices for generating station

The present invention relates to a kind of automatic control devices for generating station, be particularly related to a kind of be suitable for constituting scattered control system, device, drive controlling assembly (DCM) plug-in card that can independently keep in repair also is housed in this device in order to the unit in the line unit is controlled.

In the prior art, the automaton of generating plant is formed by some arithmetic module endorsement unit combinations.Yet analog control equipment is replaced by the automatic control devices for generating station of widely used employing digitial controller already.This is because for improving the output load trace performance of generator, and for meeting strict regulations of rules to the waste gas that comprises nitrogen oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) etc., control system is increasingly sophisticated; Also because needs are introduced the opertaing device an of the best, delay its life-span by the thermal stress fatigue that alleviates main machine, and improve control accuracy by PREDICTIVE CONTROL; In addition, also because because cathode ray tube (CRT) display system etc. are complicated day by day to improving the man-machine conversation performance, thereby analog control system can not work fully effectively.

Yet the use of digitial controller is only for economically reason, thereby, the time () divide on the basis of (cutting), a single digitial controller is handled a plurality of operational tip devices.As a result, when this digitial controller broke down, the rapid device in a plurality of operations end was just with out of hand, and this will bring serious obstacle to the continuation operation of generating plant.Owing to this reason, a multiplexer (MUX need be arranged, and a manual stand-by circuit, this circuit is made up of the analog hardware that is mounted separately from each other.

The structure of a control device of the digitial controller that is to use prior art shown in Figure 1.Numeral (1) is a digitial controller among the figure, this digitial controller comprises a CPU (central processing unit) (CPU) (2), a numeral input plug-in card (being designated hereinafter simply as the DI plate) (3), a digital output inserter plate (being designated hereinafter simply as the DO plate) (4), an analog input plug-in card (being designated hereinafter simply as the AI plate) (5), a simulation output inserter plate (being designated hereinafter simply as the AO plate) (6), and a process input/output bus (being designated hereinafter simply as the PI/O bus) (7).What numeral (8) was represented is a manual standby operation circuit, be installed in the outside of digitial controller (1), even it make the generating plant digitial controller break down or similar problem in, also can continue operation, this be by according to from figure with numeral (9) expression, be used for order that manual operation display device and operating switch sent and carry out manual adjustments operational tip device and be achieved.Numeral (10) is depicted as a generating plant that comprises a plurality of operational tip devices (11a-11n).

Usually, people control a plurality of operational tip devices with individual digit controller (1).

Because by DI plate (3), DO plate (4), the number of the I/O end that AI plate (5) and AO plate (6) are handled how much be to consider economically factor basically, so the operational tip of the number of I/O end and multiple arrangement is corresponding.Moreover, be difficult to accomplish owing to will make with the standardization that is connected of a plurality of manual stand-by circuits (8), thereby, design for each operational tip device respectively with regard to needs.

What numeral (101) was indicated is the device of a control power supply, and it provides power supply to digitial controller (1) and manual stand-by circuit (8).

Fig. 2 A and 2B are respectively the front elevation and the side view of a generating plant automatic control equipment, and this equipment uses the digitial controller of the prior art shown in Fig. 1.Numeral (100) is depicted as the housing of the control device of system.

In Fig. 2, what numeral (102) was indicated is the I/O cable of digitial controller (1), and numeral (8) is manual standby operation circuit.This circuit comprises an analog hardware assembly, a relay, or the like.Manually standby operation circuit (8) back will be addressed, and the quantity of the hardware that it is contained is more than the quantity that is equivalent to digitial controller (1).The numeral (13) representative be the wiring of a power supply; (104) representative and the analog hardware assembly wiring of built-up circuit that combines; (105) represented is the terminal block of an outside, (106) representative be an outer cable that is connected with the generating plant.

Fig. 3 specifically drawn the prior art digitial controller (1) and the manual part of standby operation circuit (8) among Fig. 1.In Fig. 3, the structure of AO plug-in card has been shown in the square frame that indicates numeral (6).At CPU(2) control under the data and the address control that transmit via process I/O (PI/O) bus (7) consistent, be stored in the register (61), numeral output converts simulating signal to by a D/A (62), this simulating signal through traffic pilot (63) the time () divide (cutting) after, just exported to passage 0-passage n(ch0-chn according to the order of sequence).Like this, because D/A (62) is smaller, have only a register (61) and a D/A (63) to be used for handling a plurality of outputs.

In addition, in manual stand-by circuit (8), comprise following several critical piece: an analog memory (AM81), an automatic/hand switch (82) and a converter (V/mA83).

In Fig. 3, work as CPU(2) move just often, automatic/hand switch (82) is converted to automated contact A, otherwise, as CPU(2) when breaking down, then automatic/hand switch (82) is converted to manual contact B.Here, as shown in Figure 3, when being transformed into manual contact B, various command is sent to generating plant (10) at last by a logic gates (811) → binary counter (812) → D/A converter (813) → automatic/hand switch (82) → converter (83), and this generating plant (10) are made up of multiple arrangement (11a-11n).

In addition, numeral (814) is depicted as an error detector device among the figure, and it is in order to the mistake in the detection simulation input signal.Numeral (815) representative be a pulse producer, it provides a pulse for logic gates (811).

As mentioned above, in prior art systems, the defective of depositing is, because digitial controller breaks down (breaking down as DI, DO, AI or AO plug-in card) when out of hand, all operational tip devices must manually be controlled by manual standby operation circuit (8) when some operational tip devices.In addition, the formation of this manual standby operation circuit (8) needs scale to be equal to or greater than the complicated hardware of the scale of digitial controller (1), and adding needs numerous wiring.

The situation of relevant this respect, an example as so on record one type of prior art syringe, publication No. is 57-59201(1983) Japanese patent laid-open publication gazette disclosed the process controller of a decentralized, it has a plurality of microcontrollers that are connected with a pair of transmission bus.

A fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric power automaton, it comprises drive controlling assembly plug-in card (hereafter is the DCM plate), each piece DCM plate is corresponding one by one with the operational tip device that constitutes a generating plant respectively, and each piece DCM plate is independent controlled, the fault that DCM plate is taken place is unlikely to be involved and is about to other devices of controlled generating plant.

Another object of the present invention is, even when a CPU breaks down, still can be by manual standby operation circuit be provided, and make people still can operate the manual standby operation circuit of a complexity, described manual standby operation circuit is not in the outside of DCM plate, but portion within it.

For achieving the above object, at a distributed control apparatus that is used for controlling respectively the generating plant line unit,, make each other in one-to-one relationship for each the operational tip device that will be operated is provided with a DCM plate.In the generating plant, a plurality of operational tip devices constitute a device group, and plurality of sets constitutes a working line, and many working lines constitute the generating plant.A manual standby operation circuit (this circuit is the outside that is placed in described DCM plate in the prior art) is arranged in the described DCM plate, and have for controlling some DI plates that device is required, DO plate, the function of AI plate and AO plate.Correspondingly, a kind of can control respectively each piece plate and highly reliably the structure of control device can not rely on the outside and provide under the situation of manual standby operation circuit of a complexity and obtain.

Relevant this situation on the one hand, publication No. is 61-21503(1986) Japanese patent laid-open publication gazette disclosed a scattered control system that the unit in the power plant system device is controlled.

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of prior art generating plant control device.

Fig. 2 A and 2B are respectively the front elevation and the side view of system's housing.This housing comprises the parts that automatic control devices for generating station had of prior art shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is the concrete block diagram of a part among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the block diagram according to an automatic control devices for generating station of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the wiring diagram of the DCM plate that is used for explaining that the present invention uses.

Fig. 6 is the block diagram at the manual standby operation circuit of DCM intralamellar part shown in Figure 5.

Fig. 7 A and 7B are respectively the front elevation and the side view of system's housing, comprise the used parts of the present invention in the housing.

Shown in Figure 4 is a example according to generating plant of the present invention control device structure.Among the figure, numeral (11a-11n) is represented respectively will operated end equipment, numeral (150a-150n) indication device group, each device group comprises a plurality of operational tip devices (11a-11n), numeral (151a-151n) expression plurality of sub system, each subsystem comprises some device groups (150a-150n), and numeral (152) expression comprises the generating plant of plurality of sub system (151a-151n).Numeral (153a-153n) represent respectively separately and operational tip device (11a-11n) DCM plate one to one that every block of DCM plate can be included as by a bar printing plate controls the required whole I/O of related device.Every block of DCM plate is independent each other, even when breaking down for one in the DCM plate, other devices are not influenced by it yet.Correspondingly, even in the DCM plate one break down (such as, DI as shown in Figure 5, DO, AI or AO partly break down) time, only need to get final product, and other devices still keep control automatically with manual standby operation circuit (254) manual operation and the corresponding device of out of order DCM plate of a device in the DCM plate.And each DCM plate can be removed individually, thereby, when increasing by an operated device, also can connect a corresponding with it CM plate for this device.

Correspondingly, each DCM plate can keep in repair individually.

One of numeral (154) expression is used for CPU that some DCM plates (153a-153n) are controlled, and numeral (155) is represented its process I/O (PI/O) bus.Numeral (156a-156n) indication device group controller.One of numeral (157) expression is used for subsystem controller that multiple arrangement group controller (156a-156n) is controlled.Serial signal drive access in subsystem of numeral (158) expression is used for subsystem controller (157) is connected with device group controller (156a-156n).The control device of numeral (159a-159b) expression subsystem element.Numeral (160) expression is used for master controller that a plurality of control device of subsystem element are controlled.System's serial transfer path of numeral (161) expression is used for master controller (160) is connected with subsystem controller (157).

Fig. 5 is the wiring diagram that is used for explaining according to DCM plate of the present invention, there is shown DCM plate and CPU(154) a part.

Circuits System of numeral (200) expression, it is to be carried out by the software in the storer that is stored among the CPU.

Hardware circuit of numeral (201) expression, it is that a bar printing plate by a DCM plug-in card constitutes.

PI/O bus of numeral (155) expression, CPU and DCM plate are by the shared interface of PI/O bus (155).

Circuit in the Circuits System (200) is with being expressed as (203), and (205), (206), (208), (210), (211), the functional block diagram language of (215) is described.

Frame (203) expression is used for software that the rationality of status of processes numerical signal is judged, and when being judged to be abnormality, it exports a logical signal (204).

Comparer of frame (205) expression, it compares the output and the process status numerical value of controlled target setting device (206), produces a deviation signal (207).

Proportional integral processor of frame (208) expression by software operation, input deviation signal (207), and export an automatic control signal.

Signal switch of numeral (209) expression, it is to be selected by manual mode as shown in Figure 4 with the output of automatic control mode choice box (208) and supply the output of manually operated analog memory (201).

Output signal by software operation of frame (211) expression is judged synthetic language, it compares the actual position signal (212) of an operational order and an operational tip, and an operational order and a current feedback value (213) are compared, also carrying out abnormality judges, comprise the judgement that the wiring of an operation signal cable is opened circuit, the error running judgement of operational tip, or the like.

Functional block diagram language of frame (215) expression, comprise the automatic/hand conversion logic of control and by the light display logic of software operation, judge in the situation in abnormality, this frame (215) is accepted the output (204) of functional block and (214) and is received input group (216) from DI, and output automatic/hand mode (217) and light demonstration group (218).

In the DCM plug-in card of the circuit (210) that constitutes by a bar printing plate, also have analog input AI parts (250).Simulation output AO parts (251), data input DI parts (252), data output DO parts (253), manual stand-by circuit (254), voltage/power supply changeover device (255), and the terminal lock-in circuit (256) of behaviour's part.The purposes of the passage of AI, AO, DI and DO illustrates in the drawings.The part that does not indicate purposes is as standby.Numeral (300) expression operating personnel's a functional unit, it comprises one and is used for the manually switch of control, and a state display lamp is used for the display device of process status amount, operation command signal and control deviation, this functional unit is corresponding with (9) among Fig. 1.A position sensor of numeral (301) expression operational tip (49), one of numeral (302) expression are used for the open fully or closed fully limit switch of exploration operation end (49).Air source that is used to drive operational tip (49) of numeral (303) expression, the supply of air is monitored by a pressure switch (304).

Solenoid valve that is used for the lock operation end of numeral (305) expression is when this solenoid valve lock operation end abnormality or air supply source appear when empty, in control signal.

Tachograph of numeral (41) expression, electric/pneumatic transducer of numeral (48) expression, the air pressure that the operational ton I shown in its one of output and Fig. 5 is directly proportional.

Fig. 6 is the circuit block diagram of manual standby operation circuit (254), and this circuit (254) is within the DCM plate shown in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 6, up-down counter of numeral (400) expression, when one of input was written into instruction (401), write data CPU(154) (404) was sent by PI/O bus (155).

In addition, when increase of input ordered (402) or a minimizing to order (403), up-down counter (400) control is shone this ordered correspondingly increase or minimizing.The output (405) of up-down counter (400) is input to a D/A converter (406), exports a voltage signal from the latter.

This output signal is come out from an AD2 passage, as a current signal, goes to drive operational tip by a converter (255).

Another output of D/A converter (406) is come out from the AO3 passage, and shows on the degree of opening display device in functional unit (300).One of numeral (407) expression shows CPU(154) the signal of a stop conditions.One of numeral (408) expression reduces instruction, and this minimizing instruction is imported from the DI1 passage by manual operation switch.One of numeral (409) expression increases instruction, and this increase instruction is imported from the DIO passage by manual operation switch.Numeral (410) and (411) presentation logic product door is only as CPU(154) when stopping, increasing instruction (408) and reduce instruction (409) just effective.In addition, numeral (412) and (413) expression flop-over circuit, clock generating circuit of numeral (414) expression, these flop-over circuits (412) and (413) will increase instruction respectively and become pulse signal with clock synchronization with the minimizing instruction transformation.

PLD(programmable logic device of numeral (415) expression), its input bistable state is tried the output of oscillatory circuit (412) and (413) more, PLD(415) an output increase command pulse (402) and a minimizing command pulse (403) are to up-down counter (400), correspondingly manually to increase or to reduce the counting of up-down counter (400) according to pulse from flop-over circuit (412) and (413) input, described increase or minimizing limit within the specific limits, so that unlikely the overflowing of output valve of up-down counter (400).

As CPU(154) when normally moving, with this circuit that comprises manual stand-by circuit, will be from data CPU(154) data output to operational tip device (11a), as an operation output; And as CPU(154) when stopping, just the data before stopping to be remained, meanwhile, and operating operation end equipment (11a) manually just, to increase or to reduce up-down counter (400), making it increases or reduces by manual operation increase/minimizing switch.

And, at this moment might be on the degree of opening display device in the functional unit (300) display control signal, and and CPU(154) working condition irrelevant.

In addition, in Fig. 5, because the required process status amount of manual operation is at CPU(154) under the hands off situation, take from and directly output to the AO0 passage behind the AIO passage in the DCM plug-in card, so, even as CPU(154) when breaking down, in functional unit (300), the demonstration of process status amount still can guarantee.

In Fig. 5, one from CPU(154) operation output judge that signal (214) is input to operational tip lock-in circuit (256) by PI/O bus (155).Logical add initial approach to become a Buddhist believer of numeral (256) expression, it is from DI(7) a reception signal (500), this DI(7) itself also receives a signal from an air supply source pressure monitor switch (304), when air supply source (303) is unusual, a lock command is from DO(7) output, to trigger a locking solenoid valve (305).Like this, just can prevent the error running of operational tip device (11a).Because the lock-in circuit that works in air supply source sky does not pass through CPU(154), so even at CPU(154) when breaking down, the lock operation process still can guarantee.

Fig. 7 A and 7B are respectively the front elevation and the side view of system's housing, comprise the parts that are installed on according to the present invention in the control device in this system's housing.

In Fig. 7 A and 7B, numeral (600) expression housing, numeral (102) expression digitial controller (156a) and I/O cable (156b), numeral (105) expression exterior terminal equipment, numeral (106) expression external cable.Because the I/O of digitial controller can directly be connected with external procedure and need not by one by a simulated assembly, the manual standby operation circuit that relay etc. are formed, therefore, might make one very simply and largely is reliable system.In addition, each DCM plug-in card be one with as shown in FIG. process apparatus in the maintenance of a corresponding plated circuit DCM plate, as transposing etc., can irrespectively carry out with other DCM plates.Therefore, might produce control device with highly automated adjusting function.

As indicated above, each DCM plate and an operational tip device are set up relation one to one, are mutually independent between each DCM plate and other DCM plate, and its significant advantage is, the fault of a DCM plate can not bring disaster to other operational tip devices, and maintenance process can carry out individually.

In addition, because the DCM plate contains the function of the I/O of some input/output points, and contain standby functions when CPU breaks down, its outstanding advantage just is, device not only simply but also economical and can improve reliability owing to need not complicated manual standby operation circuit externally is provided.This point, compare just very obviously at system's housing that is included in the various parts in the prior art control device that will be as shown in Figure 2A and 2B and the system's housing according to the various parts in the control device of the present invention of being included in shown in Fig. 7 A and 7B, promptly the latter is littler by 40% than the former.

Claims (14)

1, a kind of automatic control devices for generating station, the scattered control system that can be used as the device of controlling the generating plant respectively, a plurality of operational tip devices (11a-11n) constitute a device group in the described generating plant, plurality of sets (150a-150n) constitutes a subsystem, a plurality of subsystems (151a-151n) constitute described generating plant (152), it is characterized in that:

A subsystem controller (157) all is set in each subsystem of described a plurality of subsystems (151a-151n); A plurality of described subsystem controllers (157) link to each other with a master controller (160) by system serial transfer path (161);

A device group controller (156a-156n) all is set in each device group of described plurality of sets (150a-150n);

In each described device group controller (156a-156n) a plurality of drive controlling assembly plug-in cards (153a-153n) are set, each described plug-in card (153a-153n) is controlled one separately and is operated not end device (11a-11n);

A CPU (central processing unit) (CPU) (154) and a process input/output bus (155) are provided in each described device group controller (156a-156n), described CPU (central processing unit) (CPU(154) by described process input/output bus (155) control setting at plug-in card described in the related device group controller (11a-11n).

2, automatic control devices for generating station according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in order to handle numerous needed input/output points of controlling in the unit of a device, each in described a plurality of drive controlling assembly plug-in cards (153a-153n) comprises:

Numeral input (DI) plug-in card (252) is used for digital signal is transferred to described CPU (central processing unit) (154) from controlled main procedure;

Numeral output (DO) plug-in card (253) is used for digital signal is sent to described controlled main procedure from described CPU (central processing unit) (154);

An analog input (AI) plug-in card (250) is used for simulating signal is sent to described CPU (central processing unit) (154) from controlled main procedure; And

Simulation output (AO) plug-in card (251) is used for simulating signal is sent to described controlled main procedure from described CPU (central processing unit) (154).

3, automatic control devices for generating station according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each described drive controlling assembly plug-in card (153a-153n) comprises that one can be controlled the manual standby operation circuit (254) of each described operational tip device in described CPU (central processing unit) (CPU(154) when breaking down, and this circuit (254) comprises a up-down counter of controlling the size (400) that can increase or reduce described operational tip device (11a-11n).

4, automatic control devices for generating station according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each described drive controlling assembly plug-in card (153a-153n) comprises an output signal judgment means (211,256), by this function circuit (300) being carried out abnormality judges, and send a signal (214) and give an operational tip that is used for being locked in the solenoid valve (305) of each described operational tip device (11a-11n), when unusual operation occurring, to lock described device (11a-11n).

5, automatic control devices for generating station according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each described drive controlling assembly plug-in card (153a-153n) comprises the quantity of state that is used for by an analog input (AI) plug-in card (250) input process, and quantity of state is spread out of to described process input/output bus (155), and directly this quantity of state is sent to the device of described process by simulation output (AO) plug-in card (251).

6, automatic control devices for generating station according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each described drive controlling assembly plug-in card (153a-153n) is individually formed, so that can enough mechanical means remove one or add the drive controlling assembly plate of another piece corresponding to the operational tip device of removing or adding.

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