CN100410667C - Low speed measuring-correcting instrument and ocrrecting method - Google Patents

Low speed measuring-correcting instrument and ocrrecting method Download PDF

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CN100410667C
CN100410667C CNB2006100874896A CN200610087489A CN100410667C CN 100410667 C CN100410667 C CN 100410667C CN B2006100874896 A CNB2006100874896 A CN B2006100874896A CN 200610087489 A CN200610087489 A CN 200610087489A CN 100410667 C CN100410667 C CN 100410667C
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grating
angle
mandrel
rotating speed
raster
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CN1851469A (en
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张力
彭军
何群
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Shenzhen Avic Technology Testing Institute Co ltd Xiamen Branch
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Avic I Beijing Changcheng Institute Of Metrology & Measurement (cimm)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a low speed measuring-correcting method for the field measurement and correcting of low speed motional equipment, such as rotary tables, etc. The present invention is characterized in that a raster is used as an angle measuring element; the raster, a raster seat and a special mandrel are fixed on the table face of a rotary table; a rotary table shaft rotates, and the mandrel is adjusted, so that the turning axle line of the mandrel and the turning axle line of the rotary table shaft are coincident; the distance and an angle between a reading head and the raster are adjusted, the reading head inputs a subdividing counting card when outputting an output signal of a signal and time reference generation card, and then, the signal is processed by a collecting and processing system of a computer. Because the raster with high precision is used as the angle measuring element, the raster and a detected shaft rotate together by using the special raster seat and the mandrel, and the reading head is arranged on a stationary machine base to subdivide and synchronously collects the signal, etc., measuring resolution is enhanced. A synchronous clock controls measuring resolution, and the size of the measuring angle can be optionally arranged according to requirements. The reading head is installed by diameter, and thus, an error caused by the eccentricity of installation is reduced. The present invention has the advantage of high measuring accuracy, and realizes the field measurement and calibration of the low speed equipment.

Description

Test of low rotating speed prover and calibration steps
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test of low rotating speed calibration steps of in-site measurement calibration of the equipment to slow-speed of revolution campaigns such as turntables.
Background technology
Turntable is to be used for field inertia device and the used testing apparatuss of inertia system performance test such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, navigation, weapons and geodetic surveying.Be mainly used in whether the index of inertia device and inertia system meets the demands in testing flying vehicle and the weaponry, and provide the correction or the check results of its state parameter.Inertia device and inertia system are the cores of Navigation And Guidance system, are the important component parts of precision strike weapon.Turntable has become the important techniques equipment that supports aircraft and weaponry performance fighting capacity in the modern war.
The characteristics of turntable are that the rotating speed of its operation is low, and its range of speeds is generally 0.00001 °/s~1000 °/s, obviously are unpractical with conventional rotating speed detection method (surveying all methods).The main method that adopts when low speed is measured has following several at present:
1. decide the angle horology, the angle signal of deciding the angle is provided by the angular position measurement system of turntable self, and the turntable angle set signal is inserted digital frequency meter, and running is the back Measuring Time steadily; 2. the timing angle-measuring method is selected fixed time interval according to rotating speed, after turntable operates steadily, reads the digital displaying value of the angular position measurement system of turntable self by the fixed time interval signal.Angle set signal all is that the angle measurement signal of directly having used equipment under test self calculates its rotating speed as standard volume in two kinds of methods.The angle measurement signal of equipment under test self accurately whether, must calibrate the angular position measurement system of turntable earlier, the calibration of angular position measurement system then need adopt photoelectric auto-collimator and rib body (or multiteeth indexing table) to calibrate.Yet whether the manufacturer of turntable leaves to the user and decides the angle angle signal synchronously, and the fixed time interval signal problems such as measured value that whether can latch the turntable measuring system are synchronously restricting the field calibration work to turntable equally.
3. the low-angle while of adopting photoelectric auto-collimator measurement plane mirror to turn over, pinch the stopwatch measurement with hand and turn over the way of the time of this angle and calculate rotating speed with measured axis.The shortcoming of this kind method is: the angular dimension of measurement is limited by the measurement range of autocollimator, and generally tens rads, the reaction time that pinch stopwatch of choosing is simultaneously thought influences, and is difficult to improve the accuracy of measurement and the robotization of measuring process.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of blank signal can latch synchronously, accuracy of measurement is high test of low rotating speed prover and calibration steps.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, prover comprises a grating and grating seat, special-purpose mandrel, and nut, read head also comprises a time reference generation card and sub-circuit and computer processing system; Grating is installed on the grating seat by screw; Special-purpose mandrel is pressed on the turntable table top grating seat mandrel of packing into screw and pressing plate; Read head is fixedly mounted on the turntable support or other relatively rotate the static place of axle motion, and is connected with sub-circuit, the output termination and the computer processing system of sub-circuit, and time reference is connected in sub-circuit and computer processing system.
It is 15 ° grating installed surface that the grating seat has a tapering, and it is the mounting hole of φ 25 that there is a diameter at the center.
It is the reference for installation axle of φ 25 that one diameter is arranged on the said mandrel, and the grating seat can be installed by this place, also polygon can be installed when needed.Have the long 35mm of wide 15mm top in the side of mandrel and be the capable groove of semicircle, can the convenient use of the axle head of drawing lead be arranged in test.
It measures calibration steps, adopts grating as the angle measurement element,
(1) rotating table axle is adjusted mandrel, and its axis of rotation is overlapped with the axis of rotation of turntable shaft;
(2) the grating seat that grating will the be housed special-purpose mandrel of packing into, nut also compresses it;
(3) distance and the angle of adjustment read head and grating [1] in one week of rotating shutter, make read head working properly.
(4) output signal of read head [5] output signal and time reference generation card is imported the subdivision and count card simultaneously, and the machine acquisition processing system is handled signal as calculated;
(5) on the program median surface, be provided with required measurement rotating speed, measure number of times, the gap size that takes measurement of an angle, begin to measure, calculate precision, the stationarity of this rotating speed, saving result.
The output signal that card takes place for said time reference can latch grating synchronously at the positional information in this moment, time accuracy 1x10 -6
The computer acquisition disposal system is carried out treatment step to signal,
(1) according to the rotating speed of required measurement, measure number of times, the gap size that takes measurement of an angle, the step that begins to measure;
(2) whether determine the rotational speed rate set-point 〉=step of 0.005 °/s, be, enter (3), not, enter (9)
(3) step of calculating Measuring Time;
(4) step of collection zero-bit;
(5) step of data acquisition; Gather each angle signal constantly;
(6) determine whether Measuring Time has arrived the step of the Measuring Time of step (3) calculating, is, enters (7), not, is back to (5);
(7) step of computation rate;
(8) step of speed demonstration;
(9) step of calculating angle intervals;
(10) step of collection zero-bit;
(11) step of data acquisition; Gather each angle signal constantly;
(12) determine that angle intervals is to have arrived the step of the Measuring Time of step (9) calculating, be, enter (13), not, be back to (11);
(13) step of computation rate enters (8).
Advantage of the present invention is: owing to adopt the high precision grating as the angle measurement element, use specific gratings seat and mandrel that grating is rotated with measured axis, read head is installed on the static support, utilize interferometric principle, and signal segmented and processing such as synchronous acquisition, can realize the slow-revving in-site measurement calibration of equipment such as turntable.Adopt sub-circuit to improve Measurement Resolution, synchronous clock control, the angular dimension of measuring when measuring the calibration slow-speed of revolution can arbitrarily be set as required, adopt diameter that the mode of read head is installed, reduce the error that setting-up eccentricity brings, the accuracy of measurement height can be realized the in-site measurement calibration of slow-speed of revolution equipment.Simultaneously, simple in structure, easy for operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a measuring principle synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is grating holder structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is special-purpose mandrel figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a process of measurement process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is described in further details.Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes a high precision grating [1] and grating seat [2], by screw grating [1] is fixed on grating seat [2]; Utilize turntable table top or axle head screw hole, special-purpose mandrel [3] is compressed the rotating table axle with screw and pressing plate, adjust mandrel 3, its axis of rotation is overlapped with the axis of rotation of turntable shaft, grating seat [2] is installed on mandrel 3, grating seat 2 is fixed on the mandrel 3 with nut [4].It is 15 ° grating installed surface A that grating seat 2 has a tapering, and it is the mounting hole B of φ 25 that there is a diameter at the center.
It is the reference for installation axle C of φ 25 that one diameter is arranged on the mandrel 3, and the grating seat can be installed by this place, also polygon can be installed when needed.Have the long 35mm of wide 15mm top in the side of mandrel 3 and be the capable groove D of semicircle, can the convenient use of the axle head of drawing lead be arranged in test.
Read head 5 is fixedly mounted on the turntable support or other relatively rotate the static place of axle motion, adjusts the distance and the angle position of read head 5 and grating 1, rotate one week of measured axis, make read head working properly.Give sub-circuit 6 with the output signal of read head 5, sub-circuit 6 adopts IK220, the output signal that card 7 simultaneously time reference is taken place connects to sub-circuit 6, card takes place and adopts PCI-xxx in time reference, process of measurement in the operation computer acquisition system 8, on the program median surface, be provided with required measurement rotating speed, measure number of times, the gap size that takes measurement of an angle, begin to measure.Its treatment step is,
(1) according to the rotating speed of required measurement, measure number of times, the gap size that takes measurement of an angle, the step that begins to measure;
(2) whether determine the rotational speed rate set-point 〉=step of 0.005 °/s, be, enter (3), not, enter (9)
(3) step of calculating Measuring Time;
(4) step of collection zero-bit;
(5) step of data acquisition; Gather each angle signal constantly;
(6) determine whether Measuring Time has arrived the step of the Measuring Time of step (3) calculating, is, enters (7), not, is back to (5);
(7) step of computation rate;
(8) step of speed demonstration;
(9) step of calculating angle intervals;
(10) step of collection zero-bit;
(11) step of data acquisition; Gather each angle signal constantly;
(12) determine that angle intervals is the step of the Measuring Time calculated of road step (9), be, enter (13), not, be back to (11);
(13) step of computation rate enters (8).
Embodiment one: calibrate certain type turntable
(1) rotating table axle is adjusted mandrel, and its axis of rotation is overlapped with the axis of rotation of turntable shaft;
(2) the grating seat that grating will the be housed special-purpose mandrel of packing into, nut also compresses it;
(3) distance and the angle of adjustment read head and grating [1] in one week of rotating shutter, make read head working properly.
(4) output signal of read head output signal and time reference generation card is imported the subdivision and count card simultaneously, and the machine acquisition processing system is handled signal as calculated;
(5) the operation turntable turns round it under a certain angular speed, is example with 1 °/s;
(5) process of measurement of startup test of low rotating speed prover;
(6) the 1 °/s of nominal value of input turntable operation on program interface, input measurement decide 10 ° of angular spacings, measure number of times 10;
(7) process of measurement is according to nominal value with decide angular spacing and calculate measurement time 10s once;
(8) time reference takes place to block and sends the angle signal that synchronizing pulse latchs this moment according to measuring intervals of TIME;
(9) angle signal that latchs according to per twice synchronizing pulse calculates the actual angle value that turns over of turntable in this time interval, divided by 1s, can record the angular speed of turntable operation with this angle value;
(10) calculating average value measured according to the result who measures for 10 times is 0.99976108 °/s, the deviation 2.4 * 10 of measured value and nominal value -4, speed stationarity 2.4 * 10 -4Saving result.
(11) next angular speed test is carried out in repeating step (5)~(10).
Provide the measurement result that the present invention calibrates certain turntable below
Figure C20061008748900081
Figure C20061008748900091
Experiment shows: it is the angle measurement element that the present invention adopts high-precision grating, adopts synchronous clock to carry out time measurement, when the calibration slow-speed of revolution, deciding angular spacing can set arbitrarily as required, simple in structure, easy for operation, can finish detection calibration automatically, the accuracy of measurement height.

Claims (6)

1. a test of low rotating speed prover is characterized in that, prover comprises a grating [1] and grating seat [2], special-purpose mandrel [3], and nut [4], read head [5] comprises that also a time reference blocks [7] and sub-circuit [6] and computer processing system [8]; Grating [1] is installed on the grating seat [2] by screw; Special-purpose mandrel [3] is pressed on the turntable table top grating seat mandrel of packing into screw and pressing plate; Read head [5] is fixedly mounted on the turntable support or other relatively rotate the static place of axle motion, and be connected with sub-circuit, the output terminal of sub-circuit is connected to computer processing system [8], and time reference blocks [7] and is connected to sub-circuit [6] and computer processing system [8].
2. test of low rotating speed prover according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is 15 ° grating installed surface that the grating seat has a tapering, and it is the mounting hole of φ 25 that there is a diameter at the center.
3. test of low rotating speed prover according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is the reference for installation axle of φ 25 that a diameter is arranged on the said mandrel, install the grating seat or polygon be installed at this place, has the groove of the long 35mm of wide 15mm top semicircular in shape in the side of mandrel.
4. test of low rotating speed calibration steps that utilizes the described test of low rotating speed prover of claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt grating as the angle measurement element,
(1) rotating table axle is adjusted mandrel, and its axis of rotation is overlapped with the axis of rotation of turntable shaft;
(2) the grating seat [2] that grating [1] will the be housed special-purpose mandrel [3] of packing into, and with nut [4] it is compressed;
(3) distance and the angle of adjustment read head [5] and grating [1] in [1] one week of rotating shutter, make read head working properly;
(4) read head [5] output signal and the time reference output signal of blocking [6] is imported subdivision and count card [7] simultaneously, and machine acquisition processing system [8] is handled signal as calculated;
(5) on the program median surface, be provided with required measurement rotating speed, measure number of times, the gap size that takes measurement of an angle, begin to measure, calculate precision, the stationarity of this rotating speed, saving result.
5. test of low rotating speed calibration steps according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the output signal that card takes place for said time reference latchs grating synchronously in the positional information in this moment, time accuracy 1 * 10 -6
6. test of low rotating speed calibration steps according to claim 4 is characterized in that: computer acquisition disposal system [8] is carried out treatment step to signal and is,
(1) according to the rotating speed of required measurement, measure number of times, the gap size that takes measurement of an angle, the step that begins to measure;
(2) whether determine the rotational speed rate set-point 〉=step of 0.005 °/s, be, enter (3), not, enter (9)
(3) step of calculating Measuring Time;
(4) step of collection zero-bit;
(5) step of data acquisition; Gather each angle signal constantly;
(6) determine whether Measuring Time has arrived the step of the Measuring Time of step (3) calculating, is, enters (7), not, is back to (5);
(7) step of computation rate;
(8) step of speed demonstration;
(9) step of calculating angle intervals;
(10) step of collection zero-bit;
(11) step of data acquisition; Gather each angle signal constantly;
(12) determine that angle intervals is to have arrived the step of the Measuring Time of step (9) calculating, be, enter (13), not, be back to (11);
(13) step of computation rate enters (8).
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CN102221633A (en) * 2011-06-08 2011-10-19 中北大学 Phase difference calibration system for rotating shaft

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CN102607588A (en) * 2012-01-18 2012-07-25 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Calibration device for two-degree-of-freedom rotary table
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CN112611393A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-06 武汉华之洋科技有限公司 Fixed angle time measuring device for measuring speed precision of rotary table
CN112697190B (en) * 2020-12-18 2023-09-15 中国计量大学 Dynamic calibration method for phase-locked subdivision error of grating moire signal
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Address after: 100095 Beijing, box No. 1066

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