CN100406953C - Zoom lens and image pickup apparatus including the same - Google Patents
Zoom lens and image pickup apparatus including the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN100406953C CN100406953C CN2006101281968A CN200610128196A CN100406953C CN 100406953 C CN100406953 C CN 100406953C CN 2006101281968 A CN2006101281968 A CN 2006101281968A CN 200610128196 A CN200610128196 A CN 200610128196A CN 100406953 C CN100406953 C CN 100406953C
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Abstract
At least one exemplary embodiment is directed to a zoom lens which includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens unit with a negative refractive power, a second lens unit with a positive refractive power, and a third lens unit with a positive refractive power. A first gap between the first and second lens units when the zoom lens is at a wide-angle end is smaller than the first gap when the zoom lens is at a telephoto end, where a second gap between the second and third lens units when the zoom lens is at the wide-angle end is larger than the second gap when the zoom lens is at the telephoto end. The second lens unit includes at least one positive cemented lens.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to zoom lens, especially but not exclusively relate to the zoom lens that is applicable to image pick up equipment (for example, digital camera and video camera).
Background technology
For the image pick up equipment that uses solid-state image pickup (for example, the video camera that the those of ordinary skill of correlative technology field is known, digital camera and other image pick up equipment and equivalent), the zoom lens with reduced size of big zoom ratio will be very useful.
Such camera comprises the various optical elements that are arranged between rearmost lens and the solid-state image pickup, as low pass filter and colour compensating filter.
Therefore, the zoom lens that uses in this camera typically has long relatively back focal length.
Zoom lens with leading lens unit of negative refracting power, promptly so-called negative leading type zoom lens is the example that obtains the optical lens system of long back focal length.
For the color camera of solid-state image pickup that use is used for coloured image, high is useful as side heart characteristic far away to avoiding color shading.
Disposed a kind of zoom lens that contains three lens units, wherein from the object side to image side, first lens unit has negative refracting power, second lens unit has positive refracting power, and the 3rd lens unit has positive refracting power, wherein the diameter of front element is little and be the heart far away as side, and these are for example being discussed in the U.S. Patent No. 6545819,6822808,6862143,7023625,6999242 and 6498687.
In the open No.2003-005072 of for example Jap.P. and U.S. Patent No. 6744564 and No.6809879, such three-unit zoom lens (zoom lens that comprises three lens units) has been discussed, wherein all lens units all move so that carry out zoom, and by utilizing the balsaming lens complementary color aberration in second lens unit.
The three-unit zoom lens of the number that is intended to reduce lens element has been discussed in the open No.2002-055278 of Jap.P. for example, and the lens element that wherein has negative refracting power in first lens unit has aspheric surface thing side surface and aspheric surface as side surface.
The zoom lens that uses in video camera or digital camera has reduced size and is very useful than high zoom ratios.
In the three-unit zoom lens that comprises the above-mentioned lens unit that has negative, positive and positive refracting power respectively, the stroke of second lens unit uprises along with zoom ratio and increases.This causes the length of whole lens system to increase, and is difficult to reduce the size of zoom lens when realizing than high zoom ratios.Therefore, the zoom ratio of many three-unit zoom lens is about 3x.
In order to reduce the thickness of image pick up equipment, use so-called " folding lens system ", wherein during shooting interval between the lens unit can shorten.
In order to reduce the thickness of this equipment, may need to reduce the thickness of each lens unit.
In above-mentioned three-unit zoom lens, second lens unit is the main lens unit that is used to change magnification.Therefore, in order to realize higher zoom ratio, in second lens unit, should be reduced in the variation of the aberration during the zoom.For this reason, need the lens element of some, cause the size of second lens unit to increase thus.
Therefore, in order to reduce the thickness of whole lens system when realizing than high zoom ratios, the configuration that second lens unit in the three-unit zoom lens suitably is set is very important.
Summary of the invention
At least one exemplary embodiment of the present invention is at the zoom lens with small-sized lens system and high zoom ratios, and at the image pick up equipment that comprises this zoom lens.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of zoom lens comprises first lens unit, second lens unit with positive refracting power with negative refracting power, the 3rd lens unit with positive refracting power from the object side to image side successively.In first and second lens units each can move for carrying out zoom, make when zoom lens is in wide-angle side first gap between first lens unit and second lens unit be in this first gap when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end, and make when zoom lens is in wide-angle side second gap between second lens unit and the 3rd lens unit be in this second gap when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end less than this zoom lens greater than this zoom lens.Second lens unit comprises at least one positive balsaming lens, and at this at least one positive balsaming lens, the first positive balsaming lens has maximum refracting power, and the first positive balsaming lens comprises first positive element and first negative lens element.Can meet the following conditions:
0.9＜f2c/f2＜1.5
1.8＜(N2p+N2n)/2
15＜v2n-v2p＜30
Wherein, f2c is the focal length of the first positive balsaming lens, f2 is the focal length of second lens unit, N2p is the refractive index of the material of first positive element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, N2n is the refractive index of the material of first negative lens element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, v2p is the Abbe number of the material of first positive element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, and v2n is the Abbe number of the material of first negative lens element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a kind of image pick up equipment comprises solid-state image pickup and be configured to be used for form the zoom lens of image on this solid-state image pickup.This zoom lens comprises first lens unit, second lens unit with positive refracting power with negative refracting power, the 3rd lens unit with positive refracting power from the object side to image side successively.In first and second lens units each can move for carrying out zoom, make when zoom lens is in wide-angle side first gap between first lens unit and second lens unit be in this first gap when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end, and make when zoom lens is in wide-angle side second gap between second lens unit and the 3rd lens unit be in this second gap when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end less than this zoom lens greater than this zoom lens.Second lens unit comprises at least one positive balsaming lens, and at this at least one positive balsaming lens, the first positive balsaming lens has maximum refracting power, and the first positive balsaming lens comprises first positive element and first negative lens element.Can meet the following conditions:
0.9＜f2c/f2＜1.5
1.8＜(N2p+N2n)/2
15＜v2n-v2p＜30
Wherein, f2c is the focal length of the first positive balsaming lens, f2 is the focal length of second lens unit, N2p is the refractive index of the material of first positive element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, N2n is the refractive index of the material of first negative lens element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, v2p is the Abbe number of the material of first positive element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, and v2n is the Abbe number of the material of first negative lens element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens.
By below with reference to the description of accompanying drawing to exemplary embodiment, all the other features of the present invention will become more apparent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the optical cross section figure according to the zoom lens of first exemplary embodiment;
Fig. 2 shows the aberration that occurs when zoom lens according to first exemplary embodiment is in wide-angle side;
Fig. 3 shows the aberration that occurs when zoom lens according to first exemplary embodiment mediates zoom position;
The zoom lens that Fig. 4 shows according to first exemplary embodiment is in the aberration of dolly-out,ing dolly-back and occurring when holding;
Fig. 5 shows the optical cross section figure according to the zoom lens of second exemplary embodiment;
Fig. 6 shows the aberration that occurs when zoom lens according to second exemplary embodiment is in wide-angle side;
Fig. 7 shows the aberration that occurs when zoom lens according to second exemplary embodiment mediates zoom position;
The zoom lens that Fig. 8 shows according to second exemplary embodiment is in the aberration of dolly-out,ing dolly-back and occurring when holding;
Fig. 9 shows the optical cross section figure according to the zoom lens of the 3rd exemplary embodiment;
Figure 10 shows the aberration that occurs when zoom lens according to the 3rd exemplary embodiment is in wide-angle side;
Figure 11 shows the aberration that occurs when zoom lens according to the 3rd exemplary embodiment mediates zoom position;
The zoom lens that Figure 12 shows according to the 3rd exemplary embodiment is in the aberration of dolly-out,ing dolly-back and occurring when holding;
Figure 13 shows the sketch according to the image pick up equipment of an exemplary embodiment.
Embodiment
Description at least one exemplary embodiment only is schematically in essence below, and never is intended to limit invention, its application, or uses.
Do not go through the known processing of those of ordinary skill in the related art, technology, equipment and material, but under suitable situation, they are intended to the part as this instructions, for example the making of lens element and their material.
This illustrate and in all examples of discussing, any occurrence, for example zoom ratio and F number all should be construed as merely illustrative and not restrictive.Therefore, other example of these exemplary embodiments can have different values.
Notice that in the accompanying drawing below, similarly in a single day therefore Reference numeral and the similar project of letter representation define a project in an accompanying drawing, may not can in following accompanying drawing it be discussed again.
When this should be pointed out that when the correction of referring to error (for example aberration) or revises, mean to reduce error and/or correction error.
The exemplary embodiment that zoom lens is described below and comprises the image pick up equipment of zoom lens.
Fig. 1 shows when zoom lens is in wide-angle side (short focal length extremity) sectional view according to the zoom lens of first exemplary embodiment.Fig. 2,3 and 4 shows respectively when the zoom lens according to first exemplary embodiment is in wide-angle side, zoom position and be in the aberration that occurs when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end (long focal length extremity) mediates.Zoom ratio according to the zoom lens of first exemplary embodiment is 3.81x, and the F number is about 2.83-5.67.
Fig. 5 shows when zoom lens is in wide-angle side the sectional view according to the zoom lens of second exemplary embodiment.Fig. 6,7 and 8 shows the aberration that occurs respectively when the zoom lens according to second exemplary embodiment is in wide-angle side, the zoom position and being in of mediating is dolly-out,ed dolly-back end.Zoom lens zoom ratio according to second exemplary embodiment is 3.99x, and the F number is about 2.87-5.86.
Fig. 9 shows when zoom lens is in wide-angle side the sectional view according to the zoom lens of the 3rd exemplary embodiment.Figure 10,11 and 12 shows the aberration that occurs respectively when the zoom lens according to the 3rd exemplary embodiment is in wide-angle side, the zoom position and being in of mediating is dolly-out,ed dolly-back end.Zoom lens zoom ratio according to the 3rd exemplary embodiment is 3.83x, and the F number is about 2.85-5.73.
Figure 13 shows the sketch that comprises according to the digital camera of the zoom lens of an exemplary embodiment.
Zoom lens system according to these exemplary embodiments can be the pick-up lens system that uses in image pick up equipment.In the sectional view of zoom lens, the representative of left side representative object (thing) side (preceding) and right side is as side (back).
In the zoom system, pancreatic system camera lens that Fig. 1,5 and 9 sectional view are illustrated, the first lens unit L1a-c has negative refracting power (focal power): the inverse of focal length), the second lens unit L2a-c has positive refracting power, and the 3rd lens unit L3a-c has positive refracting power.
The F number determines that parts SP (hereinafter being also referred to as " aperture diaphragm ") is used from the effect of the aperture diaphragm of the light that definite (restriction) limited by opening (open) F number (Fno).
The example of optical block G comprises optical filter, panel, crystal low pass filter, cutoff filter, other known optical filter of those of ordinary skill in the related art, and equivalent.Be used as under the situation of the image pickup optical system in video camera or the digital camera at Zoom lens system, solid-state image pickup (photo-electric conversion device) (for example, charge-coupled device (CCD) sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) sensor, other known image pickup device of those of ordinary skill in the related art, and equivalent) image pickup surface be disposed on the image planes IP.
Under zoom lens is used as situation based on the image pickup optical system in the camera of film, be disposed on the image planes IP corresponding to the photosensitive surface on film surface.
In the diagram that shows aberration, " d " expression d-line, " g " expression g-line, " M " represents meridianal image surface, " S " represents sagittal image surface, and lateral chromatic aberration is represented by the g-line, and wherein the Y-axis in the curve of spherical aberration is entrance pupil radius (or F number), and the Y-axis in the curve of astigmatism, distortion and magnification chromatic aberation is an image height.
In above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, the wide-angle side and the end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back are illustrated in the lens unit (the second lens unit L2a-c) that is used to change magnification and are present in this lens unit along the optical axis machinery zoom position the during opposite end of scope movably.In addition, statement " zoom lens is in wide-angle side " expression zoom lens is in the wide-angle side configuration.
In Zoom lens system according to exemplary embodiment, when zoom lens zooms to when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back from wide-angle side, the first lens unit L1a-c is moved back and forth basically so that move along optical axis towards the mode as side with the track convex surface, the second lens unit L2a-c along optical axis towards the thing side shifting, and the 3rd lens unit L3a-c along optical axis towards the picture side shifting.
Carry out zoom by moving (A1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C3) each lens unit, make that being in the corresponding gap of holding of dolly-out,ing dolly-back with zoom lens compares, gap between the first lens unit L1a-c and the second lens unit L2a-c is bigger when zoom lens is in wide-angle side, and the gap between the second lens unit L2a-c and the 3rd lens unit L3a-c is less when zoom lens is in wide-angle side.
In zoom lens, mainly change magnification, and proofread and correct the displacement of the picture point that occurs when magnification changes by moving back and forth of the first lens unit L1a-c by moving of the second lens unit L2a-c according to exemplary embodiment.
The F number determines that parts SP is arranged between the thing side summit G21a and some G21b of lens element G21c-e, wherein, in the lens element of the second lens unit L2a-c, lens element G21c-e arrange the most close thing side, and intersect at the thing side surface S6 of a lens element G21c-e of G21b place and peripheral (edge) P6.
The F number determines that parts SP is disposed among the second lens unit L2a-c as mentioned above, and moves (B1-B3) with the second lens unit L2a-c during zoom, has reduced the distance between the wide-angle side entrance pupil and the first lens unit L1a-c thus.
Because the placement of above-mentioned aperture diaphragm SP makes that can reduce zoom lens is in the distance between the first lens unit L1a-c and the second lens unit L2a-c when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end, so can provide the second lens unit L2a-c towards the enough amount of movements that is used for zoom (B1-B3) of thing parapodum.Therefore, the increase that is in the length of the whole lens system of when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back when zoom lens can be inhibited, and can realize high zoom ratios simultaneously.
In order to adjust light quantity, can the second lens unit L2a-c as side arrange can stop down apertures elements, be used for the insertion of neutral density (ND) optical filter/remove element and/or other known element of those of ordinary skill in the related art.
The concrete property of lens construction is described below.
The first lens unit L1a-c comprises negative lens element G11 and positive element G12 from the object side to image side successively.Negative lens element G11 has recessed picture side surface.Positive element G12 has meniscus shape and protruding thing side surface.This structure compensates various aberrations satisfactorily when reducing the size of whole lens system with a small amount of lens element.
The first lens unit L1a-c comprises one or more non-spherical surfaces.Therefore, distortion in wide-angle side zooming range and filed curvature and all obtain gratifying compensation in the spherical aberration of the side of dolly-out,ing dolly-back.One of them non-spherical surface is forming as side surface at negative lens element G11.This aspherical shape is the shape that curvature reduces towards peripheral direction, and this shape has compensated aberration.
The second lens unit L2a-c comprises the balsaming lens that at least one has positive refracting power and is made up of positive element and negative lens element.
Specifically, in first and second exemplary embodiments shown in Fig. 1 and 5, the second lens unit L2a-b comprises positive balsaming lens G25a-b and positive balsaming lens G26a-b from the object side to image side successively respectively.Positive balsaming lens G25a-b comprises positive element G21c-d and negative lens element G22a-b from the object side to image side successively.Positive balsaming lens G26a-b comprises negative lens element G23a-b and positive element G24a-b from the object side to image side successively.
In the 3rd exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 9, positive element G21e separates with negative lens element G22c.Yet they can be balsaming lenss.
The second lens unit L2a-c tends to along with the variation of magnification aberration be changed.These aberrations change and can reduce by utilizing lens construction symmetrical relatively among the second lens unit L2a-c.When the second lens unit L2a-c mediates zoom position, obtain magnification 1x.The second lens unit L2a-c has three full-fledged lens arrangements, is made up of positive and negative, negative, positive lens element, and it has compensated various aberrations satisfactorily, and the aberration that has reduced simultaneously to be caused by the variation of magnification changes.Particularly under the situation of high zoom ratios, the second lens unit L2a-c with above-mentioned lens construction is very effective for aberration compensation.
In the lens element of the second lens unit L2a-c, arrange to such an extent that the thing side surface of positive element G21c-e of the most close thing side is protruding, so that prevent the remarkable appearance of the off-axis aberration that causes from the axle chief ray that reflects largely by the quilt that has passed through the first lens unit L1a-c.
In addition, the thing side surface of positive element G21c-e is protruding, so that suppress the amount by the spherical aberration of the axial divergent rays generation of having passed through the first lens unit L1a-c.In addition, the thing side surface can be an aspheric surface, thereby allows to compensate satisfactorily the spherical aberration that occurs when the diameter of zoom lens increases.
Negative lens element G22a-c comprises recessed picture side surface.This picture side surface of negative lens element G22a-c has compensated the coma aberration that occurs in the thing side surface of positive element G21c-e.
Therefore, the shape of above-mentioned positive element G21c-e and negative lens element G22a-c compensated satisfactorily spherical aberration and intelligent image difference the two.
Because comprising the positive balsaming lens G25a-c of positive element G21c-d and negative lens element G22a-c is falcate generally, so be difficult to increase significantly refracting power.Therefore, in the exemplary embodiment, the positive refracting power of the second lens unit L2a-c is mainly supported by the positive balsaming lens G26a-c that is arranged in the picture side.For the thickness of the positive balsaming lens G26a-c that reduces to have this strong refracting power, it is effective using the glass material with high index of refraction.As what in balsaming lens, expect, keep achromatism also very useful.Therefore, in the exemplary embodiment, the combination that is included in the glass material of negative lens element G23a-c among the positive balsaming lens G26a-c and positive element G24a-c has been satisfied every kind of glass material and has all been represented high index of refraction, and there are some difference in the Abbe number between the glass material of these two lens elements.In addition, positive balsaming lens G26a-c has suitable refracting power configuration, has both kept achromatism thus and has also reduced thickness.
Above-mentioned structure decrease the generation of the aberration in the second lens unit L2a-c that whole zooming range internal cause realizes causing than high zoom ratios, and be convenient to reduce the thickness of lens construction.
Positive element G21c-e and negative lens element G22a-c needn't constitute balsaming lens, and they can separate, as long as compensating for spherical aberration and intelligent image difference satisfactorily.Perhaps, they can substitute with the falcate single lens element with protruding thing side surface.In the case, be necessary for example by using positive balsaming lens G26a-c to come the complementary color aberration.
The 3rd lens unit L3a-c has positive refracting power.The 3rd lens unit L3a-c is as field lens, thus the image pick up equipment that utilizes solid-state image pickup required realize that as side heart image far away forms.
When zoom lens zooms to when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back from wide-angle side, the 3rd lens unit L3a-c is towards picture side shifting (C1-C3).Yet in the zoom lens according to exemplary embodiment, when the zoom lens zoom, the 3rd lens unit L3a-c can transfixion., under situation about not moving during the zoom, needn't provide to drive required mechanism and actuator at the 3rd lens unit L3a-c.Be moved under the situation of (C1-C3) for carrying out zoom at the 3rd lens unit L3a-c, zoom to when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back from wide-angle side, have necessity and make the 3rd lens unit L3a-c indistinctively towards the thing side shifting at zoom lens.If the 3rd lens unit L3a-c is towards the thing side shifting, then the magnification of the 3rd lens unit L3a-c reduces, thereby reduces the zoom ratio of total system.Therefore,, be necessary to zoom to when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back from wide-angle side, increase the gap between the second lens unit L2a-c and the 3rd lens unit L3a-c at zoom lens for realizing higher zoom ratio.In addition, if the 3rd lens unit L3a-c zooms to when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back towards the picture side shifting at zoom lens from wide-angle side, then further strengthen the beneficial effect that changes magnification.
In zoom lens, have necessary the execution and focus on by the 3rd lens unit L3a-c with a small amount of lens element according to exemplary embodiment.This size for the convergent lens unit reduces of great use.
Above-mentioned exemplary embodiment can be applicable to move two lens units (for example first and second lens units or the first and the 3rd lens unit) with in the zoom lens that carries out zoom, makes that the gap between the lens unit changes, and need not move three lens units.
Can be in the thing side to the first lens unit L1a-c and/or the 3rd lens unit L3a-c is being added another lens unit with little refracting power as side.
Be not limited to comprise respectively three cellular constructions of the lens unit of negative, positive and positive refracting power according to the zoom lens of exemplary embodiment.The example of applicable Zoom lens structure comprises: wherein second lens unit is divided into two positive lens unit, and total system by be respectively negative, positive, just, four cellular constructions that constitute of four lens units of positive refracting power; And wherein second lens unit is divided into one for just, and another is two negative lens units, and total system is by being respectively another kind four cellular constructions that four lens units negative, positive, negative, positive refracting power constitute.
As mentioned above, according to exemplary embodiment, in the zoom lens that comprises leading lens unit, constitute the high zoom ratios that high-performance and about 4x have been realized in the said lens unit, and reduced the thickness of lens unit with negative refracting power.
In zoom lens, for optical property that obtains satisfaction and/or the size that reduces whole lens system, at least one in meeting the following conditions according to exemplary embodiment.Can obtain the beneficial effect relevant with respective conditions.
In can meeting the following conditions at least one:
0.9＜f2c/f2＜1.5 .....(1)
1.8＜(N2p+N2n)/2 .....(2)
15＜v2n-v2p＜30 .....(3)
0.40＜|f2n|/f2＜1.30 .....(4)
1.0[mm]＜D2c/((N2p+N2n)/2)＜1.3[mm] .....(5)
4.0[mm]＜M2/(ft/fw)＜5.0[mm] .....(6)
0.01＜L12t/ft＜0.06 .....(7)
0.5＜|f1|/ft＜0.8 .....(8)
1.0＜f3/ft＜1.5 .....(9)
0.03＜D2c/{((N2p+N2n)/2)·ft}＜0.06 .....(10)
0.7＜M2/ft＜0.8 .....(11)
Wherein, f2c is the focal length that has the positive balsaming lens G26a-c of maximum refracting power in one or more balsaming lenss of the second lens unit L2a-c, f1 is the focal length of the first lens unit L1a-c, f2 is the focal length of the second lens unit L2a-c, f3 is the focal length of the 3rd lens unit L3a-c, N2p is the refractive index of material of the positive element G24a-c of positive balsaming lens G26a-c, N2n is the refractive index of material of the negative lens element G23a-c of positive balsaming lens G26a-c, v2p is the Abbe number of material of the positive element G24a-c of positive balsaming lens G26a-c, v2n is the Abbe number of material of the negative lens element G23a-c of positive balsaming lens G26a-c, f2n is the refractive index of the negative lens element G23a-c of positive balsaming lens G26a-c, D2c is the center thickness of positive balsaming lens G26a-c, M2 zooms to when end second lens unit L2a-c of dolly-out,ing dolly-back along the maximum amount of movement of optical axis at zoom lens from wide-angle side, fw is the focal length of total system when zoom lens is in wide-angle side, ft is the focal length that is in when end total system of dolly-out,ing dolly-back at zoom lens, and L12t is in when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back at zoom lens, first the distance from the first lens unit L1a-c as the first thing side lens surface of side lens surface along optical axis to the second lens unit L2a-c, first as the side lens surface in the first lens unit L1a-c, approach most the picture side, the first thing side lens surface approaches the thing side most in the second lens unit L2a-c.
The numerical range of conditional expression (5) and (6) illustrates under the situation of representing following Numerical examples with millimeter.If change the unit of these Numerical examples, then the unit of numerical range also can correspondingly change.
The art-recognized meanings of above-mentioned conditional expression is described below.
Conditional expression (1) defines the focal length (that is refracting power) that has the positive balsaming lens G26a-c of maximum refracting power in the second lens unit L2a-c.If this numerical value is higher than the upper limit and focal length is oversize, promptly refracting power too a little less than, then correspondingly need other lens element to support the refracting power of the second lens unit L2a-c.As a result, spherical aberration and the intelligent image that needs other lens element to compensate to occur among the second lens unit L2a-c is poor.In addition, for the ease of supporting refracting power, number of lens elements increases, and the thickness of the second lens unit L2a-c increases, and therefore is difficult to reduce the thickness of zoom lens.If this numerical value is lower than lower limit and focal length is too short, promptly refracting power is too strong, and the spherical aberration and the intelligent image difference that occur among the then positive balsaming lens G26a-c increase, and the second lens unit L2a-c is difficult to the aberration that compensation increases as a whole.
Conditional expression (2) defines the mean value of refractive index of the glass material of the positive element G24a-c that comprised and negative lens element G23a-c in the positive balsaming lens G26a-c of the second lens unit L2a-c.
If this numerical value is lower than lower limit and mean refractive index is low, then be necessary to increase each surperficial curvature of balsaming lens so that obtain useful refracting power.In the case, the thickness of positive element increases to keep useful edge thickness difference, the feasible thickness that is difficult to further reduce zoom lens.
In the exemplary embodiment, the thickness of the second lens unit L2a-c reduces to be to satisfy by use that mean refractive index realizes greater than the glass material of lower limit.
Conditional expression (3) defines the poor of Abbe number between the material of the material of the positive element G24a-c that is comprised and negative lens element G23a-c in the positive balsaming lens G26a-c of the second lens unit L2a-c.
If it is too little that this numerical value is lower than the difference of lower limit and Abbe number, the refracting power that then is necessary to increase simultaneously the refracting power of negative lens element G23a-c and positive element G24a-c is so that realize achromatism.If refracting power increases, then particularly the thickness of positive element G24a-c also increases to keep useful edge thickness difference, the feasible thickness that is difficult to further reduce zoom lens.If it is too big that this numerical value is higher than the difference of the upper limit and Abbe number, the refracting power that then needn't increase each lens element just can be realized achromatism.Yet, when from real glass, having selected the difference that satisfies Abbe number, be difficult in and use glass material among the positive element G24a-c with high refracting power greater than the glass material of the upper limit.As a result, the situation that has the glass material of high refracting power with use is compared, and is difficult to reduce camera lens thickness.
Conditional expression (4) defines the focal length of the negative lens element G23a-c that comprises in the positive balsaming lens G26a-c of the second lens unit L2a-c.If this numerical value is too big greater than the upper limit and focal length, promptly refracting power is too little, and then as the positive desired achromatism deficiency of balsaming lens G26a-c, and the compensation of chromatic aberation is also not enough.If this numerical value is lower than lower limit and focal length is too little, promptly refracting power is too big, and then the curvature on balsaming lens surface increases, and the thickness of positive element G24a-c increases.The result is difficult to reduce the thickness of zoom lens.
Conditional expression (5) defines among the second lens unit L2a-c relation between the mean refractive index of the thickness of positive balsaming lens G26a-c and the material of balsaming lens G26a-c just.
If this numerical value is higher than the upper limit and lens thickness is bigger with respect to mean refractive index, then positive balsaming lens G26a-c reduces deficiency.If positive element G24a-c has enough edge thickness differences, then lens thickness further reduce to size to reduce be useful.If positive element G24a-c does not have enough edge thickness differences, the refracting power that is positive element G24a-c is too strong, and then reducing refracting power by the difference that enough Abbe number is provided between positive element G24a-c and negative lens element G23a-c is useful for the thickness that reduces zoom lens.
If this numerical value is lower than lower limit and lens thickness is too little with respect to mean refractive index, then positive element G24a-c may not carry out and handle required enough edge thickness differences.Therefore, should avoid this situation.If the refracting power of positive element G24a-c is weak and this numerical value is lower than lower limit, then the refracting power of positive balsaming lens G26a-c itself is too little.In the case, by utilizing other lens element to support that the refracting power of the second lens unit L2a-c is useful.For the ease of poor by the spherical aberration and the intelligent image that utilize other lens element to support refracting power to compensate simultaneously in the second lens unit L2a-c, to occur, can increase the number of lens element, as a result, the thickness of the second lens unit L2a-c increases, and therefore is difficult to reduce the thickness of zoom lens.
Conditional expression (6) defines the amount of movement of the second lens unit L2a-c relevant with zoom.If this numerical value is too big greater than the upper limit and amount of movement, it is very long then to be in the length of the whole camera lens of when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back at zoom lens, therefore is difficult to reduce size.When the second lens unit L2a-c has aperture diaphragm, be in when end F number of dolly-out,ing dolly-back with respect to the situation that is in wide-angle side too dark (greatly) at zoom lens.Especially when use had the solid-state image pickup of small pixel spacing, higher modulation transfer function (MTF) was necessary under high spatial frequency.Yet, under the situation of big F number, even when having compensated aberration, because diffractive effect also is difficult in increase MTF under the high spatial frequency.If this numerical value is low and amount of movement is too little, then be necessary to increase the refracting power of the second lens unit L2a-c to obtain useful zoom ratio.In the case, the variable quantity of spherical aberration that occurs along with zoom and intelligent image difference increases, and the result is difficult in and obtains high optical property in the whole zooming range.
Conditional expression (7) define zoom lens be in dolly-out, dolly-back when end the first lens unit L1a-c and the second lens unit L2a-c between the gap.If this numerical value is higher than the upper limit and the gap is too big, then to be in the length of the whole lens system of when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back very big for zoom lens, therefore is difficult to reduce size.
If this numerical value is too little less than lower limit and gap, the tolerance clearance deficiency when then considering foozle.If foozle is big, then lens surface may contact, and should avoid this situation.
Conditional expression (8) defines the focal length of the first lens unit L1a-c.If this numerical value is higher than the upper limit and focal length is too big, promptly refracting power is too little, then a little less than the refracting power setting too of back focus type.As a result, be in when end focal length of dolly-out,ing dolly-back at zoom lens and be difficult to realize the wide-angle that increases.
In addition, can't keep and have when zoom lens is in wide-angle side the back focal length of inserting the required length of optical filter.If this numerical value is lower than lower limit and focal length is too short, that is, refracting power is too big, and then the refracting power setting of back focus type is too strong.In the case, back focal length length oversize and whole lens system increases, and the result is difficult to reduce size.Even the use aspheric lens elements also is difficult to compensate the filed curvature when zoom lens is in wide-angle side and the aberration that distorts with a spot of lens element.Therefore, for the thickness that reduces the first lens unit L1a-c and the purpose of aberration for compensation two aspects, it is useful that this numerical value is equal to or greater than lower limit.
Conditional expression (9) defines the focal length of the 3rd lens unit L3a-c.If this numerical value is oversize greater than the upper limit and focal length, that is, refracting power is too little, then reduces as the desired effect of field lens, therefore is difficult to make the position of emergent pupil away from image planes.As a result, peripheral light quantity reduces under the situation of using solid-state image pickup.Carrying out under the situation about focusing on by the 3rd lens unit L3a-c, because leading amount increases, increasing, and be difficult to reduce to comprise the size of lens barrel structure so focus on stroke.If this numerical value is lower than lower limit and focal length is too short, promptly refracting power is too big, Petzval and on positive dirction, increasing then, filed curvature under direction on increase, and this situation should be avoided.In addition, significant lateral chromatic aberration appears in whole zooming range.This can reduce by increasing the lens cells number of packages, but the lens cells number of packages that increases make thickness reduce become difficult.
Conditional expression (10) define the positive balsaming lens G26a-c in the second lens unit L2a-c thickness, its material mean refractive index and be in relation between the focal length of total system when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end at zoom lens.
If this numerical value is higher than the upper limit and lens thickness is bigger with respect to mean refractive index, the thickness of then positive balsaming lens G26a-c reduce deficiency.If positive element G24a-c has enough edge thickness differences, then lens thickness further reduce for size reduce useful.If positive element G24a-c does not have enough edge thickness differences, the refracting power that is positive element G24a-c is too strong, and then to reduce refracting power be useful for the thickness that reduces zoom lens to the difference by the Abbe number between positive element G24a-c and the negative lens element G23a-c.
If this numerical value is lower than lower limit and lens thickness is too little with respect to mean refractive index, then positive element G24a-c may not possess the required enough edge thickness differences of the processing carried out, and therefore, this situation should be avoided.If refracting power is weak and this numerical value is lower than lower limit, then the refracting power of positive balsaming lens G26a-c itself is too little, in the case, must support the refracting power of the second lens unit L2a-c by using other lens element.For the ease of poor by the spherical aberration and the intelligent image that utilize other lens element to support refracting power to compensate simultaneously in the second lens unit L2a-c, to occur, can increase the lens cells number of packages, the thickness of the second lens unit L2a-c increases as a result, and is difficult to reduce the thickness of zoom lens.
Conditional expression (11) defines the amount of movement of the second lens unit L2a-c relevant with zoom and is in relation between the focal length of when end total system of dolly-out,ing dolly-back at zoom lens.If this numerical value is higher than the upper limit and amount of movement is too big, then to be in the length of the whole camera lens of when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back very long for zoom lens, and be difficult to reduce size.When the second lens unit L2a-c had aperture diaphragm, the F number that zoom lens is in when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back was with respect to the situation that is in wide-angle side too dark (greatly).Especially when use had the solid-state image pickup of small pixel spacing, higher MTF was necessary under high spatial frequency.Yet under the situation of big F number, even when having compensated aberration, because diffractive effect is difficult in increase MTF under the high spatial frequency.If this numerical value is low and amount of movement is too little, then be necessary to increase the refracting power of the second lens unit L2a-c to obtain useful zoom ratio.In the case, the variable quantity of spherical aberration that occurs along with zoom and intelligent image difference increases, and the result is difficult in and obtains high optical property in the whole zooming range.
In the exemplary embodiment, the numerical range of conditional expression (1)-(11) can followingly be provided with:
0.95＜f2c/f2＜1.3 .....(1a)
1.85＜(N2p+N2n)/2 .....(2a)
18＜v2n-v2p＜27 .....(3a)
0.45＜|f2n|/f2＜1.20 .....(4a)
1.10[mm]＜D2c/((N2p+N2n)/2)＜1.25[mm] ..(5a)
4.2[mm]＜M2/(ft/fw)＜4.8[mm] .....(6a)
0.02＜L12t/ft＜0.05 .....(7a)
0.55＜|f1|/ft＜0.7 .....(8a)
1.1＜f3/ft＜1.47 .....(9a)
0.04＜D2c/{((N2p+N2n)/2)·ft}＜0.055 ...(10a)
0.71＜M2/ft＜0.78 .....(11a)
As mentioned above, these exemplary embodiments provide the zoom lens of three cellular constructions with the lens unit that comprises negative, positive, positive refracting power.This zoom lens has been realized high zoom ratios, can be in whole zooming range aberration for compensation satisfactorily, reduced the thickness of lens unit, and when keeping miniaturization, made the position of emergent pupil enough far away from image planes.This zoom lens is suitable for using the camera of solid-state image pickup.
Numerical examples is described below.In each Numerical examples, the sequence number that on behalf of a surface, i begin from the thing side, Ri represents the radius-of-curvature on i surface, Di represents the distance (gap between lens thickness or the lens element) between i surface and (i+1) individual surface, Ni represents the refractive index of i lens surface to the d-line, and vi represents the Abbe number of i lens surface to the d-line.Two surfaces of the most close picture side are optical filter (for example, crystal low pass filter and cutoff filter), and B, C, D and E are asphericity coefficient.Aspherical shape is to be represented by following expression formula:
Wherein x is that the height at the distance optical axis is the side-play amount of H place with respect to the summit, and R is paraxial radius-of-curvature, and k is a conic constants.
In these Numerical examples, " e-0X " is meant " * 10
-X", f is a focal length, Fno is the F number, and ω is the visual angle half.Table 1 shows above-mentioned conditional expression and the relation between the Numerical examples.
In first to the 3rd Numerical examples, the value of D5 is for negative.This determines that because of the F number parts and positive element G21 count from the thing side.This shows, in concrete structure, shown in Fig. 1,5 and 9, the F number determine parts (aperture diaphragm) SP be arranged to the second lens unit L2a-c in more compare the more close length that reaches the absolute value of D5 as side near the thing side summit G12a on the thing side surface S6 of the lens element G21e-e of thing side.
(Numerical examples 1)
f＝5.96-22.74 Fno＝2.83-5.67 2ω＝58.7°-16.8°
R1＝70.717 D1＝1.60 N1＝1.859600 v1＝40.4
R2＝5.697 D2＝1.80
R3＝9.942 D3＝215 N2＝1.846660 v2＝23.9
R4=31.390 D4=is variable
R5=aperture diaphragm D5=-0.50
R6＝4.649 D6＝1.94 N3＝1.804470 v3＝40.9
R7＝13.609 D7＝0.50 N4＝1.728250 v4＝28.5
R8＝3.922 D8＝0.83
R9＝10.518 D9＝0.50 N5＝2.003300 v5＝28.3
R10＝5.308 D10＝1.80 N6＝1.772499 v6＝49.6
R11=-37.360 D11=is variable
R12＝1.2648 D12＝1.50 N7＝1.487490 v7＝70.2
R13=113.450 D13=is variable
R14＝∞ D14＝1.40 N8＝1.516330 v8＝64.1
R15＝∞
Asphericity coefficient
R2k＝-2.11620e+00 B＝9.84449e-04 C＝-1.16189e-05 D＝1.96807e-07
E＝-1.99226e-09
R6k＝-4.32438e-01 B＝2.01382e-04 C＝5.92409e-06 D＝4.04660e-07
E＝0.00000e+00
(Numerical examples 2)
f＝5.97-23.80 Fno＝2.87-5.86 2ω＝58.6°-16.0°
R1＝74.124 D1＝1.20 N1＝1.851350 v1＝40.1
R2＝5.717 D2＝1.80
R3＝9.882 D3＝2.15 N2＝1.846660 v2＝23.9
R4=29.414 D4=is variable
R5=aperture diaphragm D5=-0.50
R6＝4.513 D6＝1.94 N3＝1.804470 v3＝40.9
R7＝7.214 D7＝0.50 N4＝1.805181 v4＝25.4
R8＝3.854 D8＝0.83
R9＝9.715 D9＝0.50 N5＝2.000690 v5＝25.5
R10＝5.594 D10＝1.80 N6＝1.772499 v6＝49.6
R11=-36.753 D11=is variable
R12＝11.371 D12＝1.50 N7＝1.487490 v7＝70.2
R13=50.010 D13=is variable
R14＝∞ D14＝1.40 N8＝1.516330 v8＝64.1
R15＝∞
Asphericity coefficient
R2k＝-2.13650e+00 B＝9.90788e-04 C＝-1.06669e-05 D＝1.25998e-07
E＝-5.67618e-10
R6k＝-4.23174e-01 B＝2.28241e-04 C＝6.49652e-06 D＝5.91858e-07
E＝0.00000e+00
(Numerical examples 3)
f＝593-22.74 Fno＝2.85-5.73 2ω＝589°-168°
R1＝60.706 D1＝1.40 N1＝1.859600 v1＝40.4
R2＝5.639 D2＝1.80
R3＝9.685 D3＝2.15 N2＝1.846660 v2＝23.9
R4=27.516 D4=is variable
R5=aperture diaphragm D5=-0.50
R6＝5.422 D6＝1.80 N3＝1.804470 v3＝40.9
R7＝8.653 D7＝0.20
R8＝6.686 D8＝0.70 N4＝1.761821 v4＝265
R9＝4.624 D9＝0.83
R10＝15.406 D10＝0.50 N5＝2.187000 v5＝240
R11＝6.370 D11＝1.80 N6＝1.804000 v6＝46.6
R12=-18.670 D12=is variable
R13＝14.038 D13＝1.50 N7＝1.487490 v7＝70.2
R14=113.450 D14=is variable
R15＝∞ D15＝1.40 N8＝1.516330 v8＝64.1
R16＝∞
Asphericity coefficient
R2k＝-1.99863e+00 B＝9.37155e-04 C＝-6.39487e-06 D＝8.78059e-09
E＝7.48206e-10
R6k＝-4.64253e-01 B＝6.78602e-05 C＝1.90961e-06 D＝6.75275e-08
E＝0.00000e+00
Table 1
In first to the 3rd exemplary embodiment, three lens units of all in the zoom lens (first to the 3rd lens unit) all move to carry out zoom along optical axis.Yet the present invention is not limited to this structure.For example, the 3rd lens unit can during the zoom on optical axis direction transfixion, and by only moving first and second lens units along optical axis, zoom lens just can zoom to wide-angle side from the end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back.In other words, as long as the gap between the lens unit can change, not every lens unit all will move (during the zoom) for carrying out zoom.
Wherein a plurality of lens elements lens that (at least on the position of optical axis) is bonded together basically in their clear aperature represented in the term of Shi Yonging " balsaming lens " on their whole front surface in the exemplary embodiment.Therefore, " balsaming lens " in the exemplary embodiment do not comprise that lens element wherein only engages (close attachment) lens together on their part of clear aperature outside.
Use is described according to the zoom lens of at least one exemplary embodiment exemplary embodiment below with reference to Figure 13 as the digital camera (image pick up equipment) of image pickup optical system.
In Figure 13, camera body 20 (for example combines solid-state image pickup, photoactor) 22, it is configured to be used to receive the light by the image of image pickup optical system 21 formed things, and image pickup optical system 21 comprises the zoom lens according at least one exemplary embodiment.The example of solid-state image pickup 22 comprises ccd sensor and cmos sensor.Storer 23 is used to store the information corresponding to the image of the thing that passes through light-to-current inversion.View finder 24 can be observed other display device making of the picture of the thing that forms by for example LCD panel or known being used to of those of ordinary skill in the related art on solid-state image pickup 22.
As mentioned above, can be applied to image pick up equipment (for example, digital camera), be convenient to make the compact image pick device to have high optical property thus according to the zoom lens of at least one exemplary embodiment.
As mentioned above, according at least one exemplary embodiment, provide the image pick up equipment that has small-sized full shot system and represent the zoom lens of high zoom ratios and comprise this zoom lens.
Though reference example embodiment has described the present invention, should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to disclosed exemplary embodiment.The scope of appended claims will give the explanation of broad sense, so that contain all corrections, equivalent structure and function.
Claims (10)
1. zoom lens comprises from the object side to image side successively:
First lens unit with negative refracting power;
Second lens unit with positive refracting power; With
The 3rd lens unit with positive refracting power,
Each all moves first and second lens units for carrying out zoom, make when this zoom lens is in wide-angle side first gap between first lens unit and second lens unit be in this first gap when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end greater than this zoom lens, and make when this zoom lens is in wide-angle side second gap between second lens unit and the 3rd lens unit be in this second gap when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end less than this zoom lens, and
Second lens unit comprises at least one positive balsaming lens, wherein, at least one positive balsaming lens, the first positive balsaming lens has maximum refracting power at this, the first positive balsaming lens comprises first positive element and first negative lens element, and meets the following conditions:
0.9＜f2c/f2＜1.5
1.8＜(N2p+N2n)/2
15＜v2n-v2p＜30
Wherein, f2c is the focal length of the first positive balsaming lens, f2 is the focal length of second lens unit, N2p is the refractive index of the material of first positive element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, N2n is the refractive index of the material of first negative lens element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, v2p is the Abbe number of the material of first positive element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, and v2n is the Abbe number of the material of first negative lens element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens.
2. according to the zoom lens of claim 1, wherein, meet the following conditions:
0.40＜|f2n|/f2＜1.30
Wherein f2n is the focal length of first negative lens element.
3. according to the zoom lens of claim 1, wherein, meet the following conditions:
0.03＜D2c/{((N2p+N2n)/2)·ft}＜0.06
Wherein D2c is the center thickness of the first positive balsaming lens, and ft is the focal length that is in when end total system of dolly-out,ing dolly-back at this zoom lens.
4. according to the zoom lens of claim 1, wherein, meet the following conditions:
0.7＜M2/ft＜0.8
Wherein M2 zooms to when end second lens unit of dolly-out,ing dolly-back along the maximum amount of movement of optical axis at this zoom lens from wide-angle side, and ft is the focal length that is in total system when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end at this zoom lens.
5. according to the zoom lens of claim 1, wherein, meet the following conditions:
0.01＜L12t/ft＜0.06
Wherein L12t is in when end of dolly-out,ing dolly-back at zoom lens, first the distance from first lens unit as the first thing side lens surface of side lens surface along optical axis to second lens unit, described first as the side lens surface in first lens unit, approach most the picture side, the described first thing side lens surface approaches the thing side most in second lens unit, and ft is the focal length that is in when end total system of dolly-out,ing dolly-back at this zoom lens.
6. according to the zoom lens of claim 1, wherein, meet the following conditions:
0.5＜|f1|/ft＜0.8
1.0＜f3/ft＜1.5
Wherein f1 is the focal length of first lens unit, and f3 is the focal length of the 3rd lens unit, and ft is the focal length that is in when end total system of dolly-out,ing dolly-back at zoom lens.
7. according to the zoom lens of claim 1, wherein second lens unit comprises second positive element with protruding thing side surface, second negative lens element with protruding thing side surface and the first positive balsaming lens from the object side to image side successively, in the described first positive balsaming lens, first negative lens element with protruding thing side surface is joined together with first positive element with protruding thing side surface.
8. according to the zoom lens of claim 1, wherein this zoom lens forms image on solid-state image pickup.
9. according to the zoom lens of claim 1, wherein the 3rd lens unit moves to be used for zoom.
10. image pick up equipment comprises:
Solid-state image pickup and
Be configured to be used on this solid-state image pickup, forming the zoom lens of image,
This zoom lens comprises from the object side to image side successively:
First lens unit with negative refracting power;
Second lens unit with positive refracting power; With
The 3rd lens unit with positive refracting power,
Each all moves first and second lens units for carrying out zoom, make when zoom lens is in wide-angle side first gap between first lens unit and second lens unit be in this first gap when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end greater than zoom lens, and make when zoom lens is in wide-angle side second gap between second lens unit and the 3rd lens unit be in this second gap when dolly-out,ing dolly-back end less than this zoom lens, and
Second lens unit comprises at least one positive balsaming lens, wherein, at least one positive balsaming lens, the first positive balsaming lens has maximum refracting power at this, the first positive balsaming lens comprises first positive element and first negative lens element, and meets the following conditions:
0.9＜f2c/f2＜1.5
1.8＜(N2p+N2n)/2
15＜v2n-v2p＜30
Wherein, f2c is the focal length of the first positive balsaming lens, f2 is the focal length of second lens unit, N2p is the refractive index of the material of first positive element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, N2n is the refractive index of the material of first negative lens element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, v2p is the Abbe number of the material of first positive element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens, and v2n is the Abbe number of the material of first negative lens element that comprises in the first positive balsaming lens.
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| JP5141375B2 (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2013-02-13 | ソニー株式会社 | Zoom lens and imaging device |
| JP2012078426A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-19 | Sony Corp | Zoom lens and imaging apparatus |
| DE102016125402B4 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2018-12-20 | Carl Zeiss Ag | A compact camera lens of the highest image quality for a camera with a full-format sensor, use of such a camera lens and a camera or film camera with such a camera lens |
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