CN100403850C - Circularly Polarized Wave Positioning Method Applicable to TD-SCDMA Network - Google Patents
Circularly Polarized Wave Positioning Method Applicable to TD-SCDMA Network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及无线通信技术领域,尤其是利用电磁波极化性质的无线定位技术。The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to the wireless positioning technology utilizing the polarization properties of electromagnetic waves.
背景技术 Background technique
目前广泛使用的GPS定位技术在室内因为接收不到卫星信号或者卫星信号太弱而无法应用,室内定位可以采纳的CELL-ID、TDOA等技术却因定位精度太低而不能满足用户的需求。基于无线局域网的定位方法实现时需要安装大量的第三方设备,安装和维护的代价都很昂贵,并且该技术环境影响较大,系统性能很不稳定,严重影响定位精度的进一步提高。At present, the widely used GPS positioning technology cannot be applied indoors because the satellite signal is not received or the satellite signal is too weak. The technologies such as CELL-ID and TDOA that can be adopted for indoor positioning cannot meet the needs of users due to the low positioning accuracy. When the positioning method based on wireless local area network is implemented, a large number of third-party devices need to be installed, and the cost of installation and maintenance is very expensive. Moreover, the technical environment has a great impact, and the system performance is very unstable, which seriously affects the further improvement of positioning accuracy.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明提出一种圆极化波室内定位方法:在室内铺设发射圆极化波的发射点,极化天线接收发射点的信号,利用其信号强度进行定位。因而减小了环境变化因素的影响,同时系统安装维护花费的代价小且定位稳定性高。The present invention proposes a circularly polarized wave indoor positioning method: laying a circularly polarized wave transmitting point indoors, a polarized antenna receives the signal of the transmitting point, and utilizes the signal strength for positioning. Therefore, the influence of environmental change factors is reduced, and at the same time, the cost of system installation and maintenance is small and the positioning stability is high.
本发明的技术方案是:位置服务器集成空间数据库、信号强度数据库、通信功能模块、计算模块及数据反馈模块;在室内铺设发射圆极化波方向为正向的发射点,发射点发送圆极化波,安装在移动终端或与移动终端相连的辅助设备上的极化天线接收圆极化波在偶数次反射时的信号强度并将其送入信号强度数据库;系统对信号强度初始化,根据所需定位精度把室内空间划分为若干网格,测量网格中心对应发射点的信号强度,将其输入信号强度数据库;当移动终端接收到3个或者更多的发射点反射的信号时,用户终端发送定位请求到LBS;LBS指示用户终端将至少3个发射点及其基准点的圆极化波发送到位置服务器中;位置服务器利用地面基准点的圆极化波信号强度对发射点的圆极化波信号进行功率校正之后,利用最大似然匹配等方法在信号强度数据库进行查询得到几组近似的匹配数据;计算模块调用匹配数据计算用户终端位置信息,得到定位结果,数据反馈模块将结果反馈给用户。当在其他通信网络(如TD-SCDMA)中使用该定位服务时,用户在辅助设备上发送定位请求;发射点及基准点的信息通过辅助设备传输给移动终端,并由核心网将上述信息传送到位置服务器。极化天线可安装在移动终端上或者与移动端相连的辅助设备上。The technical solution of the present invention is: the location server integrates the spatial database, the signal strength database, the communication function module, the calculation module and the data feedback module; wave, the polarized antenna installed on the mobile terminal or the auxiliary equipment connected to the mobile terminal receives the signal strength of the circularly polarized wave at the even number of reflections and sends it to the signal strength database; the system initializes the signal strength, according to the required Positioning accuracy Divide the indoor space into several grids, measure the signal strength of the corresponding transmission point in the center of the grid, and input it into the signal strength database; when the mobile terminal receives signals reflected by 3 or more transmission points, the user terminal sends The positioning request is sent to the LBS; the LBS instructs the user terminal to send the circularly polarized waves of at least 3 transmitting points and their reference points to the location server; the location server uses the circularly polarized wave signal strength of the ground reference point to determine the After the wave signal is corrected for power, use methods such as maximum likelihood matching to query the signal strength database to obtain several sets of approximate matching data; the calculation module calls the matching data to calculate the location information of the user terminal, and obtains the positioning result, and the data feedback module feeds back the result to user. When using the positioning service in other communication networks (such as TD-SCDMA), the user sends a positioning request on the auxiliary device; the information of the launch point and the reference point is transmitted to the mobile terminal through the auxiliary device, and the above information is transmitted by the core network to the location server. The polarized antenna can be installed on the mobile terminal or an auxiliary device connected to the mobile terminal.
本发明的有益效果是:利用圆极化定位系统,实现室内用户终端的精确定位,系统安装维护方便,定位稳定,从而为各种基于位置的服务提供准确的数据源。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the circular polarization positioning system is used to realize precise positioning of indoor user terminals, the system is convenient to install and maintain, and the positioning is stable, thereby providing accurate data sources for various location-based services.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1独立使用极化波室内定位时的服务体系结构Figure 1 Service architecture when polarized wave indoor positioning is used independently
图2独立使用极化波定位的定位流程图Fig. 2 Positioning flow chart using polarized wave positioning independently
图3在TD-SCDMA网络中使用极化波定位的定位流程图Figure 3 The positioning flow chart of using polarized wave positioning in TD-SCDMA network
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
如图1所示,描述了独立使用极化波室内定位系统时的服务体系结构。在室内铺设发射圆极化波的发射点,以及基准点,在独立使用本系统的时候,发射点发射圆极化波,移动端采用蓝牙或无线局域网等无线通信方式,控制发射点发射不同频率的电磁波,通过区分电磁波的不同频率,或者发射点发射单频信号的码分复用等方式来区分每个发射点;移动终端装备与发射点匹配的极化天线并保证在室内的任何位置能收到至少3个发射点发射的信号,同时移动终端集成基于定位的服务LBS(Location Based Service)和通信功能;基准点装备极化天线同时集成通信功能;位置服务器集成空间数据库及信号强度数据库,同时集成通信功能模块、计算模块及其数据反馈模块。As shown in Figure 1, the service architecture when the polarized wave indoor positioning system is used independently is described. The launch point and reference point for emitting circularly polarized waves are laid indoors. When the system is used independently, the launch point emits circularly polarized waves. The mobile terminal uses wireless communication methods such as Bluetooth or wireless LAN to control the launch point to emit different frequencies. The electromagnetic wave, by distinguishing the different frequencies of the electromagnetic wave, or the code division multiplexing of the single-frequency signal emitted by the transmitting point, etc. to distinguish each transmitting point; the mobile terminal is equipped with a polarized antenna that matches the transmitting point and ensures that it can be used anywhere in the room Receive signals transmitted by at least 3 transmitting points, and at the same time, the mobile terminal integrates location-based service LBS (Location Based Service) and communication functions; the reference point is equipped with polarized antennas and integrates communication functions; the location server integrates spatial database and signal strength database, At the same time, the communication function module, calculation module and its data feedback module are integrated.
当在其它网络环境中使用极化波室内定位服务时,如在GSM、CDMA、TD-SCDMA、LAN等通信网络中使用本系统时,对发射点和基准点的基本要求与独立使用极化波室内定位时的配置一样;由于使用网络的限制,比如TD-SCDMA网络中移动端可能只具有通信功能,此时极化天线和LBS应用程序可以集成在辅助设备上,移动端及辅助设备之间可以通过RS-232等方式相互通信;位置服务器可以放在网络中的一个节点中,方便与移动端进行通信。When using polarized wave indoor positioning services in other network environments, such as using this system in communication networks such as GSM, CDMA, TD-SCDMA, LAN, etc., the basic requirements for the launch point and reference point are the same as the independent use of polarized wave The configuration is the same for indoor positioning; due to the limitation of the network, for example, the mobile terminal may only have the communication function in the TD-SCDMA network. Communicate with each other through RS-232 and other methods; the location server can be placed in a node in the network to facilitate communication with the mobile terminal.
如图2所示,描述了单独使用本系统进行室内定位时的定位处理流程图。首先是由用户终端发送定位请求信息到LBS,定位请求信息包括服务质量要求如响应时间等等;LBS指示移动端将发射点及其基准点的信息发送到位置服务器中,这些信息包括发射点及基准点的识别信息及其信号强度信息等等;位置服务器收到上述信息后,经过功率校正,然后利用发射点的识别信息和校正后的信号强度信息在数据库中搜索到最匹配的几组数据,计算模块利用这几组数据通过计算得到最后定位结果,最终反馈给LBS并提供显示给用户。As shown in Figure 2, it describes the positioning processing flow chart when the system is used alone for indoor positioning. First, the user terminal sends location request information to the LBS. The location request information includes service quality requirements such as response time, etc.; the LBS instructs the mobile terminal to send the information of the launch point and its reference point to the location server. These information include the launch point and The identification information of the reference point and its signal strength information, etc.; after receiving the above information, the location server undergoes power correction, and then uses the identification information of the emission point and the corrected signal strength information to search for the most matching sets of data in the database , the calculation module uses these sets of data to calculate the final positioning result, which is finally fed back to the LBS and displayed to the user.
如图3所示,描述了在其他网络(如TD-SCDMA)中使用极化波室内定位的流程图。用户发送定位请求到辅助设备的LBS;辅助设备上的极化天线获取发射点及其基准点的识别信息和信号强度等信息,并通过RS-232、无线等传输方式将这些信息传输到移动终端;移动终端通过Uu接口将信息传送到基站;基站通过Iu接口将信息传送到CN(Core Network核心网);位置服务器可以放在CN的一个节点上面,启动位置服务器中的计算模块,经过匹配和计算后,得到移动终端位置信息,以及所在房间的空间数据等等反馈回辅助设备,辅助设备的LBS将其定位结果反馈给用户。As shown in Fig. 3, a flow chart of indoor positioning using polarized waves in other networks (such as TD-SCDMA) is described. The user sends a positioning request to the LBS of the auxiliary device; the polarized antenna on the auxiliary device obtains information such as the identification information and signal strength of the transmitting point and its reference point, and transmits this information to the mobile terminal through RS-232, wireless and other transmission methods ; The mobile terminal transmits the information to the base station through the Uu interface; the base station transmits the information to the CN (Core Network core network) through the Iu interface; the location server can be placed on a node of the CN, and the computing module in the location server is started, after matching and After calculation, the location information of the mobile terminal and the spatial data of the room where it is obtained are fed back to the auxiliary device, and the LBS of the auxiliary device feeds back its positioning result to the user.
初始化信号强度时将室内环境划分为一个一个的小网格,网格的大小可以根据定位所需精确度来确定;将每个网格的中心对应的发射点的信号强度的数据添加到空间数据库中。When initializing the signal strength, the indoor environment is divided into small grids one by one. The size of the grid can be determined according to the accuracy required for positioning; the data of the signal strength of the emission point corresponding to the center of each grid is added to the spatial database middle.
每个网格数据存储在数据库的信息如下表1所示:The information stored in the database for each grid data is shown in Table 1 below:
表1数据库存储方式Table 1 Database storage method
当网络体系结构布置和信号初始化测量完毕之后,依照上文所述的定位流程,移动端将测量到的至少3个发射点的信号强度及其基准点的信号强度输入到位置服务器中;计算初始化时基准点的信号强度与实时的基准点的信号强度的比值,将这个比值乘以实时的3个发射点的信号强度值,即得到校正的发射点的信号强度;之后再利用最大似然匹配等方法在数据库中找到与校正后的发射点的信号强度最匹配的几组数据,将这些数据输入到计算模块,计算模块依据这几组数据与实际测量数据的近似程度,分配给这几组数据相应的权值,然后计算这几组数据对应的位置坐标的加权平均值,将其作为待求移动终端的位置坐标,并输出该移动终端的位置坐标,同时反馈给用户。After the network architecture layout and signal initialization measurement are completed, according to the positioning process described above, the mobile terminal will input the measured signal strength of at least 3 transmission points and the signal strength of the reference point into the location server; calculation initialization The ratio of the signal strength of the time reference point to the signal strength of the real-time reference point is multiplied by the signal strength values of the three real-time emission points to obtain the corrected signal strength of the emission point; then use the maximum likelihood matching Find several sets of data in the database that best match the signal strength of the corrected emission point, and input these data into the calculation module, and the calculation module assigns these sets of data to these groups according to the similarity between these sets of data and the actual measurement data. The corresponding weights of the data, and then calculate the weighted average of the position coordinates corresponding to these sets of data, and use it as the position coordinates of the mobile terminal to be requested, and output the position coordinates of the mobile terminal, and feed back to the user at the same time.
本发明采用圆极化波定位方法,为室内移动终端用户提供精确的定位,从而为各种基于位置的服务提供准确的数据源。该系统可供只需要室内定位服务的用户单独使用,也可以基于其它无线通信网络,结合室外定位技术实现真正的无缝定位。可以应用在百货公司、超市、停车场等等场合。The invention adopts a circular polarization positioning method to provide accurate positioning for indoor mobile terminal users, thereby providing accurate data sources for various location-based services. The system can be used alone by users who only need indoor positioning services, or it can be based on other wireless communication networks and combined with outdoor positioning technology to achieve truly seamless positioning. It can be used in department stores, supermarkets, parking lots, etc.
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