CN100399720C - Self-adaptive adjustment multi-antenna communication method and communication system according to channel space correlation - Google Patents
Self-adaptive adjustment multi-antenna communication method and communication system according to channel space correlation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multiple antenna communication method and a multiple antenna communication system for self-adaptive adjustment according to channel spatial correlativity, which relates to a communication method of a multiple antenna system. The communication method of the present invention has five steps of transmitting control signaling and probing channel state information, selecting communication initial transmission plan, transmitting business information, monitoring channel variation and the switch of transmission plans in communication, coordinating two communication parties, etc.; the communication system of the present invention comprises a control signaling information transmitter, a control signaling information receiver, a service information transmitter and a service information receiver. The present invention uses channel spatial correlativity as the judgment reference of the switch of the transmission plans; when the channel spatial correlativity is strong, a smart antenna plan is used; when the channel spatial correlativity is weak, a V-BLAST plan is used; transmission can maintain a high transmission rate and good communication quality under the condition of the variation of the channel spatial correlativity and can sensitively reflect the variation of channels to guarantee the accuracy and the timeliness of the switch of a transmission mode; the control signaling and service information use different coding modes and different plans for transmission; control information can be always effectively transmitted, so the reliability of the system can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
A multi-antenna communication method based on channel space correlation self-adaptive adjustment belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a multi-antenna communication method in the communication technology.
Background
The multi-antenna technology is a hotspot technology in the current wireless communication technology, and mainly includes a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology and a Smart antenna (Smart Antennas) technology.
The MIMO technology adopts space-time coding, and is classified according to the used space-time codes, and there are two main categories: space Time Trellis Codes (STTC) and Space Time Block Codes (STBC) based on transmit diversity; non-transmit diversity based Layered Space Time Codes (LSTC).
The space-time trellis code is a coding mode which comprehensively considers the design of channel coding, modulation, transmit diversity and receive diversity and can provide larger coding gain, spectrum utilization rate and diversity gain. Space-time trellis codes perform well, but their decoding complexity is quite high. In particular, the decoding complexity of space-time trellis codes (measured by the number of trellis states of the decoder) grows exponentially with the transmission rate when the number of transmit antennas is fixed. In view of this, Alamouti proposes a simple two-antenna transmit diversity scheme and a simpler decoding algorithm. From the inspired theory, Tarkh et al apply the orthogonal theory to extend the scheme to transmit diversity systems with arbitrary number of transmit antennas, thereby providing space-time block codes. Space-time block codes have a much lower decoding complexity than space-time trellis codes, although the performance is reduced.
The space-time block coding and decoding process is described below by taking a classical Alamouti 2 transmission-reception scheme as an example. The code stream of the transmitting data sent into the space-time block coding module is c1，c2,., coding the code stream according to 2 groups, and outputting a coding matrix after the code stream passes through a space-time block coder, wherein the coding matrix is as follows: where the rows of the matrix represent transmit antennas and the columns represent time slots, the specific coding principle is shown in fig. 1. Under the 2-transmission-1-reception condition, the signal received by the receiving end antenna is as follows:
r1，r2respectively representing the signals received by the 1 and 2 time slot receiving antennas, h1，h2Respectively, the channel impulse responses corresponding to the transmitting antennas 1 and 2. Is provided with Y can be represented as
Is provided with To (2) left-multiplying by HHDue to the fact that The estimated value of the transmitted data can be obtainedIt can be seen from the above space-time block decoding process that due to the orthogonal design of the transmitted code blocks, only linear transformation is needed to be performed on the received signal during decoding, and there is no special requirement for the channel matrix. Therefore, the multi-antenna communication method adopting the space-time block coding is less influenced by the change of the channel space correlation, but the frequency spectrum utilization rate is lower than that of the layered space-time code.
Layered space-time codes are techniques that divide source data into several parallel sub-streams, encode and modulate them independently, and are not based on transmit diversity. Foschini et al of Bell laboratories first proposes a diagonal Layered Space-Time code (D-BLAST), where transmitted information is Space-Time coded according to diagonal lines, and under an independent Rayleigh fading environment, this structure obtains a huge theoretical capacity, whose capacity increases linearly with the number of transmitting antennas, and can reach 90% of Shannon channel capacity, although D-BLAST has a good Space-Time characteristic and hierarchical structure, one of its drawbacks is too high in complexity and is not suitable for application. Horizontal layered space-time code H-BLAST (horizontal BLAST) and vertical layered space-time code V-BLAST (vertical BLAST) were subsequently proposed, although decoding of H-BLAST is simple, its space-time characteristics are poor; the V-BLAST has better performance and low decoding complexity, so the V-BLAST is widely applied.
The encoding and decoding process of V-BLAST is described below. As shown in fig. 2, an equivalent baseband model of the V-BLAST system is that, first, the transmission data 1 is encoded into parallel M-channel data symbol streams by a V-BLAST encoding module 5, and after passing through a wireless channel, the parallel M-channel data symbol streams are simultaneously received by N receiving antennas at a receiving end, and the received signals are subjected to zero forcing detection, and finally, the data are output. The equivalent baseband transmit signal M-dimensional vector we define as a ═ (a)1 a2...aM)T，akRepresenting data for the kth transmit antenna, the corresponding received signal vector is r ═ (r)1r2...rN)TCan be represented as
r＝Ha+N (3)
Whereinhi，jThe channel fading factors from the jth transmitting antenna to the ith receiving antenna are represented, different hij are assumed to be independent, and N represents the Gaussian noise vector of the receiving end. The direct inversion zero-tracking detection method is expressed as follows, and the estimated value of the transmitted signal vector
Is composed of
Wherein,
represents the Moore-Penrose inverse of the matrix. The principle of the method is that the inversion operation is directly carried out on a channel matrix, then the inverse matrix is used for left-multiplying a received signal vector, and then all components are decoded at the same time, so that the direct inversion method requires the full rank of a channel matrix array. Another detection algorithm for V-BLAST is ordered interference cancellation (Order)OSIC), the detailed method is described in G.D. golden, C.J. Foschini, "detection and initialization protocol using V-BLAST space-time communication architecture", IEEE ECTRONICS LETTERS 7thJan 1999, Vol.35 No.1, from the coding and decoding algorithm of V-BLAST, it can be seen that V-BLAST has higher spectrum utilization rate, but it is greatly influenced by the channel spatial correlation.
The core of the smart antenna technology is adaptive beam forming, which utilizes the position relationship among the units in the antenna array, i.e. utilizes the phase relationship of signals, and forms an antenna beam pattern by methods of weighting, combining and the like, so that the main beam direction points to the signal direction, and interference is suppressed in other directions. The principle is described in detail in adaptive filtering, Gong glowing atlas edition, electronic industry Press 2003.7.
One problem with current multi-antenna technology is that: different multi-antenna technologies are suitable for different channel conditions, and no multi-antenna technology can achieve higher transmission rate and better communication quality under the conditions of strong channel spatial correlation and weak channel spatial correlation. The MIMO technology utilizes the transmitting diversity and the receiving diversity, can achieve higher channel capacity and better performance under the condition that the spatial correlation of the channels is weak, particularly the channels are mutually independent, and along with the enhancement of the spatial correlation of the channels, the error rate of the MIMO communication is increased, and the data transmission rate is reduced; the smart antenna utilizes the adaptive beam forming technology to make the main beam direction point to the signal direction and suppress the interference in other directions, so that the channel space correlation is strong, especially in the case of Line of Sight (Line of Sight), the optimal algorithm tends to be reached, and with the weakening of the channel space correlation, the error rate of the smart antenna communication increases and the data transmission rate decreases.
However, the radio channel state is time-varying, and the channel spatial correlation at different times varies greatly due to the movement of the mobile station and the obstruction of buildings. No currently known literature, patents, and related publications provide a more efficient multi-antenna communication method for spatial correlation variation of actual channels. The existing MIMO technology and the intelligent antenna technology are combined, a multi-antenna communication method which is self-adaptively adjusted according to channel space correlation is provided, the defects that the error rate is increased and the data transmission rate is reduced when the channel space correlation is changed in a single multi-antenna communication method can be overcome, and higher data transmission rate and better communication quality can be kept under different channel states.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the existing multi-antenna transmission scheme can not continuously carry out high-speed and high-quality communication under the condition of channel space correlation change, the invention aims to provide a multi-antenna communication method which is adaptively adjusted according to the channel space correlation and has the advantage that different multi-antenna transmission schemes can be adopted according to the change of the channel space correlation. Compared with the multi-antenna communication method of a single transmission mode, the invention can be more suitable for the changing wireless channel environment, and can keep higher data transmission rate and better communication quality under the condition of channel change.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention provides a multi-antenna communication method adaptively adjusted according to channel spatial correlation, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step 1: sending control signaling, probing channel state information
When communication is initiated, a control channel is opened, a base station and a mobile station obtain channel state information at a receiving end by sending a control signaling subjected to space-time coding, and a channel space correlation coefficient rho at the moment is calculated.
Step 2: communication initial transmission scheme selection
The channel space correlation coefficient rho obtained in the step 1 is compared with a threshold value rho0By comparison, if rho ≧ rho0The spatial correlation of the channel at this time is explainedSelecting an intelligent antenna scheme to transmit service information; if ρ < ρ0At this time, the spatial correlation of the channel is weak, the V-BLAST scheme is selected to transmit the service information, and the transmitting and receiving parties are notified to switch the transmitting and receiving schemes through the control signaling, and then the control channel is closed.
And step 3: service information transmission
And transmitting the service information according to the selected transmission scheme.
And 4, step 4: monitoring channel variations
And (3) simultaneously monitoring channel change in the transmission process of the service information in the step (3), and measuring to obtain a channel space correlation coefficient rho.
And 5: transmission scheme switching in communication and coordination of two communication parties
The channel space correlation coefficient rho obtained in the step 4 is compared with a threshold value rho0Comparing, if the switching condition is not satisfied, keeping the current transmission scheme unchanged, and continuing to perform the step 3 and the step 4; if the switching condition is satisfied, the base station starts a control channel, sends control information to the mobile station, requires the mobile station to change the transmission mode and retransmits the lost data packet through the service channel, and the control information contains the initial frame number of the lost mobile station data packet. After receiving the control signaling requiring switching, the mobile station switches the transmission mode of the service information, and sends a feedback signal of switching completion to the base station through the control channel, wherein the feedback signal should include the initial frame number of the lost base station data packet, after receiving the feedback signal, the base station closes the control channel, and transmits the service information from the service channel by using the selected transmission mode, and then the step 3 and the step 4 are carried out.
It should be noted that:
the space-time coding mode of the control signaling in step 1 adopts a coding mode with less influence by the spatial correlation of the channel, such as space-time block code.
The channel state information in step 1 can be obtained by channel estimation, or can be obtained by other measuring methods;
threshold value ρ in step 20Determined by specific system parameters in engineering, such as the number of transmitting and receiving antennas, multi-antenna detection algorithm, modulation mode and the like, rho0The choice of (c) should also take into account the time required for the handover and ensure that communication cannot be interrupted during the handover;
the channel spatial correlation coefficient ρ in step 4 may be obtained by channel estimation, or may be obtained by other measurement methods.
The main principle and basis of the invention are as follows:
1. the spatial correlation of the channel is used as the judgment basis for switching the transmission scheme, the intelligent antenna scheme is adopted for transmission when the spatial correlation of the channel is strong, and the V-BLAST scheme is adopted for transmission when the spatial correlation of the channel is weak.
The V-BLAST technique has a high spectrum utilization rate and a simple decoding, and its performance improves with the weakening of the spatial correlation of the channel, while the smart antenna technique has a high spectrum utilization rate and its performance improves with the enhancement of the spatial correlation of the channel. The invention adopts the V-BLAST scheme to transmit the service information under the condition that the spatial correlation of the channel is weak (such as the channel is independent), and adopts the intelligent antenna scheme to transmit the service information under the condition that the spatial correlation of the channel is strong (such as the line-of-sight). The selection of the V-BLAST and smart antenna transmission schemes at the initial time of communication and the switching between the V-BLAST and smart antenna transmission schemes in communication are determined by the spatial correlation of the channels. When the measured space correlation coefficient rho of a certain time channel is larger than or equal to a threshold value rho0When the service information is transmitted, the transmission mode is switched to the intelligent antenna scheme (rho)0The method is determined by specific system parameters in engineering, such as the number of transmitting and receiving antennas, a multi-antenna detection algorithm, a modulation mode and the like. Rho0Should also take into account the time required for handover and ensure that communication cannot be interrupted during handover); when rho is less than rho0And when the service information is transmitted, the transmission mode is switched to the intelligent antenna scheme.
2. The control signaling and the service information are transmitted by adopting different transmission schemes
The control signaling is used for measuring the current channel space correlation by sending the control signaling when the communication is initial and the channel condition is unknown; in the communication process, when the channel spatiality is greatly changed (crossing a threshold value), the data frames which need to be retransmitted by the two communication parties are informed through a control signaling and the transmission scheme is changed. Therefore, the control signaling needs to select a space-time code with less influence by the channel spatial correlation for transmission, so as to ensure reliable communication and smooth switching of service information transmission modes; because the information quantity of the control signaling is not large, the requirement on the frequency spectrum utilization rate of the transmission mode is not high. The service information is used for transmitting data to be communicated, so that a transmission scheme with high frequency spectrum utilization rate and low error rate needs to be adopted for different channel environments, and the data transmission rate and the communication quality are improved.
The multi-antenna communication system which is constructed by the invention and adaptively adjusted according to the spatial correlation of the channel comprises a control signaling information transmitter, a control signaling information receiver, a service information transmitter and a service information receiver.
The structure of the control signaling information transmitter and the control signaling information receiver is shown in fig. 5. The control signaling information transmitter includes a space-time coding module 9, a digital-to-analog conversion module 10 (where, the digital-to-analog conversion sub-modules corresponding to different transmitting antennas may be different), a radio frequency processing 1 module 11 (where, the radio frequency processing 1 sub-modules corresponding to different transmitting antennas may be different), and M transmitting antennas. The control signaling information receiver comprises N receiving antennas, a radio frequency processing 2 module 12 (wherein, the radio frequency processing 2 sub-modules corresponding to different receiving antennas may be different), an analog-to-digital conversion module 13 (wherein, the analog-to-digital conversion sub-modules corresponding to different receiving antennas may be different), a space-time decoding module 14, and a synchronous channel estimation 1 module 15.
The working process of the transmitter and the receiver for controlling the signaling information is as follows:
in the hairTransmitting end, control signaling bCAnd (t) inputting the information into a space-time coding module 9, inputting the information subjected to space-time coding into a digital-to-analog conversion module 10 to be converted into analog signals, and inputting the analog signals into a radio frequency processing 1 module 11 and then transmitting the analog signals through M transmitting antennas. At the receiving end, the N receiving antennas input the received signals into the rf processing 2 module 12, the output analog signals are converted into digital signals by the analog-to-digital conversion module 13 and input into the space-time decoding module 14 and the synchronous channel estimation 1 module 15, respectively, and the space-time decoding module 14 combines the digital information output by the analog-to-digital conversion module 13 and the synchronous and channel estimation information output by the synchronous channel estimation 1 module 15 to obtain the estimated value of the control signaling
The structure of the transmitter and the receiver of the service information is shown in fig. 6. The service information transmitter comprises a transmission scheme selection module 16, a self-adaptive transmission beam forming module 23, a V-BLAST coding module 5, a digital-to-analog conversion module 10 (wherein the digital-to-analog conversion sub-modules corresponding to different transmitting antennas can be different), a radio frequency processing 3 module 17 (wherein the radio frequency processing 3 sub-modules corresponding to different transmitting antennas can be different), a radio frequency processing 4 module 20 (wherein the radio frequency processing 4 sub-modules corresponding to different transmitting antennas can be different), and a transmitting antenna array TX of an intelligent antennaSAV-BLAST transmitting antenna array TXBLAST. Service information receiver comprising a receiving antenna array RX of smart antennasSAV-BLAST receiving antenna array RXBLASTThe system comprises an rf processing 5 module 18 (wherein the rf processing 5 sub-modules corresponding to different receiving antennas may be different), an rf processing 6 module 21 (wherein the rf processing 6 sub-modules corresponding to different receiving antennas may be different), an analog-to-digital conversion module 13 (wherein the analog-to-digital conversion sub-modules corresponding to different receiving antennas may be different), a synchronization channel estimation 2 module 19, a synchronization channel estimation 3 module 22, an adaptive receiving beam forming module 24, and a V-BLAST decoding module 6.
The working process of the transmitter and the receiver of the service information is as follows: at the transmitting end, a transmission scheme selection module 16 selects a channel space according to the inputThe correlation coefficient rho selects the transmission scheme of the service information, and if the transmission scheme of the intelligent antenna is selected, the service information bD(t) inputting the information into adaptive transmitting beam forming module 23, inputting the weighted information into digital-to-analog conversion module 10, inputting the output analog signal into radio frequency processing 3 module 17, and then passing through transmitting antenna array TX of intelligent antennaSAAnd (4) transmitting. At the receiving end, the receiving antenna array RX of the smart antennaSAThe received signal is input into the radio frequency processing 5 module 18, the output analog signal is input into the analog-to-digital conversion module 13 to obtain a digital signal and is respectively input into the synchronous channel estimation 2 module 19 and the adaptive receiving beam forming module 24, the adaptive receiving beam forming module 24 obtains an estimated value of the service information by using the digital signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion module 13 and the synchronous and channel estimation information output by the synchronous channel estimation 2 module 19
If the V-BLAST transmission scheme is selected, the service information bD(t) inputting into V-BLAST coding module 5, inputting coded information into D/A conversion module 10, inputting output analog signal into RF processing 4 module 20, and then transmitting antenna array TX of V-BLASTBLASTAnd (4) transmitting. At the receiving end, the receiving antenna array RX of V-BLASTBLASTThe received signal is input into a radio frequency processing 6 module 21, the output analog signal is input into an analog-to-digital conversion module 13 to obtain a digital signal and is respectively input into a synchronous channel estimation 3 module 22 and a V-BLAST decoding module 6, the V-BLAST decoding module 6 obtains an estimated value of the service information by utilizing the digital signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion module 13 and the synchronous and channel estimation information output by the synchronous channel estimation 3 module 22
It should be noted that:
the space-time coding used by the control signaling information in fig. 5 is space-time coding with less channel spatial correlation variation, such as space-time block coding;
the channel spatial correlation coefficient ρ in fig. 6 is provided by control signaling at the initial time of communication, and is provided by channel information carried in traffic information during communication.
The adaptive transmit beamforming module 23 of fig. 6 may use any adaptive beamforming algorithm capable of forming transmit beams and the adaptive transmit beamforming module 24 may use any adaptive beamforming algorithm capable of forming receive beams.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
when communication starts, a space-time coding scheme with small channel space correlation is adopted to transmit signaling information between a mobile station and a base station through a control channel, and a current channel correlation coefficient rho is measured: if the correlation coefficient rho of the channel between the mobile station and the base station is larger than or equal to the threshold value rho0If so, the service channel starts to transmit the service information by adopting an intelligent antenna scheme, and simultaneously closes the control channel; if the correlation coefficient rho of the channel between the mobile station and the base station is less than the threshold value rho0The traffic channel starts transmission of traffic information using the V-BLAST scheme and simultaneously closes the control channel.
During communication, channel correlation may change at any time due to changes in the location of the mobile station. If the spatial correlation coefficient rho of the channel between the mobile station and the base station is larger than or equal to the threshold value rho0At this moment, the base station opens the control channel, sends control information to the mobile station, and requires the mobile station to change the coding and decoding mode and retransmit the lost data packet through the service channel, wherein the control information should include the initial frame number of the lost mobile station data packet. After receiving the control signaling requiring switching, the mobile station switches the coding and decoding modes of the service information, and sends a feedback signal of switching completion to the base station by a control channel, wherein the feedback signal should include the initial frame number of the lost base station data packet. After receiving the feedback signal, the base station closes the control channel and transmits the service information through the service channel by adopting an intelligent antenna transmission scheme.
If the correlation coefficient rho of the channel between the mobile station and the base station is less than the threshold value rho0At this time, the base station opens the control channel, sends control information to the mobile station, and requires the mobile station to change the coding and decoding mode and retransmit the data packet with serious error code, and the control information should include the initial frame number of the data packet of the mobile station to be retransmitted. After receiving the control signaling requiring switching, the mobile station switches the coding and decoding modes of the service information, and sends a feedback signal of switching completion to the base station through the control channel, wherein the feedback signal comprises the initial frame number of the base station data packet needing to be retransmitted. After receiving the feedback signal, the base station closes the control channel, encodes the service information by using V-BLAST, and transmits the service information through the service channel.
The innovation of the invention is as follows: the existing multi-antenna communication methods are all based on a single transmission mode, and when the spatial correlation of a channel is changed, the data rate is reduced, and the communication quality is deteriorated. The multi-antenna communication method capable of self-adaptively adjusting according to the channel space correlation can self-adaptively adopt different multi-antenna transmission schemes according to the change of the channel space correlation, so that higher communication transmission rate and better communication quality can be kept under the condition of channel change.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the problems of data transmission rate reduction and communication quality reduction caused by the change of the channel space correlation of a single multi-antenna transmission mode are solved, and different signal transmission modes are adopted for different channel conditions, so that the communication can keep higher transmission rate and better communication quality under the condition of the change of the channel space correlation.
2. The spatial correlation of the channel is used as the switching basis of the transmission mode, the change of the channel can be sensitively reflected, and the accuracy and timeliness of the switching of the transmission mode are ensured.
3. The control information and the service information adopt different coding modes, so that the control information can be effectively transmitted all the time, the aim of controlling the transmission of the service information is fulfilled, and the reliability of the system can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a space-time block code transmitter
Wherein 1 is a transmit data module, 2 is a space-time block coding module, 3 is a transmit antenna, TX1 represents transmit antenna 1, TX2 represents transmit antenna 2, representing the symbols transmitted on the transmit antenna 1, representing the symbols transmitted on the transmit antenna 2.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the V-BLAST system
Wherein, 1 is a data transmitting module, 5 is a V-BLAST encoding module, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna, 6 is a V-BLAST decoding module, 7 is a data recovering module, TX1 represents a transmitting antenna 1, TXk represents a transmitting antenna k, TXM represents a transmitting antenna M, RX1 represents a receiving antenna 1, RXk represents a receiving antenna k, and RXN represents a receiving antenna N.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a smart antenna
Where 8 is an adaptive beamforming module.
FIG. 4 is a schematic workflow of the present invention
Where p represents the channel spatial correlation coefficient, p0Representing a threshold value.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transmitter and a receiver for control signaling information in the present invention
Wherein, 9 is a space-time coding module, 10 is a digital-to-analog conversion module, 11 is a radio frequency processing 1 module, 12 is a radio frequency processing 2 module, 13 is an analog-to-digital conversion module, 14 is a space-time decoding module, 15 is a synchronization and channel estimation 1 module, 3 is a transmitting antenna, 4 is a receiving antenna, TX1 represents the transmitting antenna 1, TXM represents the transmitting antenna M, RX1 represents the receiving antenna 1, RXN represents the receiving antenna N, bC(t) represents control signaling information,
representing recovered control signaling information.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a transmitter and a receiver of service information in the present invention
Wherein 16 is a transmission scheme selection module, 23 is an adaptive transmission beam forming module, 10 is a digital-to-analog conversion module, 17 is a radio frequency processing 3 module, 18 is a radio frequency processing 5 module, 13 is an analog-to-digital conversion module, 19 is a synchronization channel estimation 2 module, 24 is an adaptive reception beam forming module, 5 is a V-BLAST encoding module, 20 is a radio frequency processing 4 module, 21 is a radio frequency processing 6 module, 22 is a synchronization channel estimation 3 module, 6 is a V-BLAST decoding module, b is a transmission scheme selection module, 23 is an adaptive transmission beam forming module, 10 is a digital-to-analog conversion module, 17 is a radioD(t) represents the traffic information,
representing recovered traffic information, TXSATransmitting antenna array, RX, representing a smart antennaSAReceiving array, TX, representing a smart antennaBLASTTransmit antenna array, RX, representing V-BLASTBLASTRepresents a receiving antenna array of V-BLAST.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
one embodiment of the present invention is given below. Space-time coding and decoding of control signaling information employs STBC codes that are less affected by channel spatial correlation variations. In service information transmission, the adaptive transmitting beam forming and the adaptive receiving beam forming of the transmission scheme of the intelligent antenna adopt an algorithm based on a minimum mean square error criterion. The detection algorithm of V-BLAST employs an interference cancellation algorithm (MMSE-SIC) based on the minimum mean square error criterion. The number of the base station end antennas is 8, and the base station end antennas are divided into two groups, and each group comprises 4 antennas. Spacing between each antenna of the first groupWavelength, the spacing between each antenna of the second set being 10 wavelengths. The first group is used as the base station antenna of the intelligent antenna, the second group is used as the base station antenna of the V-BLAST, and two antennas of the second group are selected as the base station antenna of the STBC. The number of mobile station antennas is 4, and the interval is
Wavelength.
The transmission of control signaling information adopts STBC codes of 2 sending and 2 receiving, the transmission of service information adopts V-BLAST algorithm of 4 sending and 4 receiving and intelligent antenna algorithm of 4 sending and 4 receiving, and both are based on QPSK modulation. The threshold value for switching the transmission scheme is selected as rho0＝0.6。
Based on the system parameters, the working steps of the invention are as follows:
step 1: sending control signaling, probing channel state information
At the beginning of communication, a control channel is opened, a control signaling which is coded by STBC is sent between a base station and a mobile station, channel state information is obtained at a receiving end through STBC channel estimation, and a channel space correlation coefficient rho at the moment is calculated.
Step 2: communication initial transmission scheme selection
The channel space correlation coefficient rho obtained in the step 1 is compared with a threshold value rho0If p ≧ ρ ≧ 0.60If the spatial correlation of the channel is strong at this time, the service channel adopts 4-transmission and 4-reception, and the intelligent antenna scheme of the beam forming algorithm based on the minimum mean square error criterion starts to transmit the service information; if ρ < ρ0If the spatial correlation of the channel is weak, the traffic channel adopts 4-transmission and 4-reception, starts to transmit the traffic information based on the V-BLAST scheme of MMSE-SIC detection, and simultaneously informs the transmitting and receiving parties of switching the transmission and reception schemes through the control signaling, and then closes the control channel.
And step 3: service information transmission
And transmitting the service information according to the selected transmission scheme.
And 4, step 4: monitoring channel variations
And 3, simultaneously monitoring channel change in the transmission process of the service information in the step 3, and obtaining a channel space correlation coefficient rho through channel estimation measurement.
And 5: transmission scheme switching in communication and coordination of two communication parties
The channel space correlation coefficient rho obtained in the step 4 is compared with a threshold value rho0Comparing the current transmission scheme with 0.6, if the switching condition is not met, keeping the current transmission scheme unchanged, and continuing to perform the steps 3 and 4; if the switching condition is satisfied, the base station starts a control channel, transmits control information of the STBC code to the mobile station, requires the mobile station to change the transmission mode and retransmits the lost data packet through the service channel, and the control information contains the initial frame number of the lost mobile station data packet. After receiving the control signaling for switching, the mobile station switches the transmission mode of the service information and sends the control signaling to the mobile station via the control channelThe base station sends a feedback signal of the completion of the switching, the feedback signal should include the initial frame number of the lost base station data packet, after receiving the feedback signal, the base station closes the control channel, and transmits the service information from the service channel by using the selected transmission mode, and then the step 3 and the step 4 are carried out.
The specific embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by software programming or hardware.
In summary, the multi-antenna communication method adaptively adjusted according to the spatial correlation of the channel provided by the present invention adaptively uses different multi-antenna transmission schemes for information transmission by measuring the spatial correlation coefficient of the channel. Compared with the general multi-antenna transmission scheme, the method can maintain higher communication transmission rate and better communication quality under the condition of channel change.
Claims (4)
1. The multi-antenna communication method capable of self-adaptively adjusting according to the spatial correlation of the channel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: sending control signaling, probing channel state information
When communication is initiated, a control channel is started, a base station and a mobile station obtain channel state information at a receiving end by sending a control signaling subjected to space-time coding, and a channel space correlation coefficient rho at the moment is calculated;
step 2: communication initial transmission scheme selection
Will be composed ofChannel spatial correlation coefficient rho and threshold value rho obtained in step 10By comparison, if rho ≧ rho0If the spatial correlation of the channel is strong, selecting an intelligent antenna scheme to transmit service information; if ρ < ρ0If the correlation between the two channels is weak, selecting V-BLAST scheme to transmit service information, and informing both the receiving and transmitting parties to switch transmitting and receiving schemes through control signaling, and then closing the control channel;
and step 3: service information transmission
Transmitting the service information according to the selected transmission scheme;
and 4, step 4: monitoring channel variations
Monitoring channel change simultaneously in the transmission process of the service information in the step 3, and measuring to obtain a channel space correlation coefficient rho;
and 5: transmission scheme switching in communication and coordination of two communication parties
The channel space correlation coefficient rho obtained in the step 4 is compared with a threshold value rho0Comparing, if the switching condition is not satisfied, keeping the current transmission scheme unchanged, and continuing to perform the step 3 and the step 4; if the switching condition is met, the base station starts a control channel, sends control information to the mobile station, requires the mobile station to change a transmission scheme and retransmits the lost data packet through a service channel, and the control information contains the initial frame number of the lost mobile station data packet; after receiving the control signaling requiring switching, the mobile station switches the transmission scheme of the service information, and sends a feedback signal of switching completion to the base station through the control channel, wherein the feedback signal should include the initial frame number of the lost base station data packet, after receiving the feedback signal, the base station closes the control channel, and transmits the service information from the service channel by using the selected transmission scheme, and then the step 3 and the step 4 are carried out.
2. The multi-antenna communication method according to claim 1, wherein the control signaling and the service information use different transmission schemes, the service information in step 3 uses smart antenna technology or V-BLAST technology, and the space-time coding scheme of the control signaling in step 1, step 2 and step 5 uses a space-time packet coding scheme with less influence from the channel spatial correlation.
3. The multi-antenna communication method according to claim 1, wherein the threshold value p in step 2 and step 5 is0Is determined by specific system parameters of three aspects of receiving and transmitting antennas, multi-antenna detection algorithm and modulation mode in engineering, rho0The selection of (c) should also take into account the time required for the handover and ensure that communication cannot be interrupted during the handover.
4. The multi-antenna communication method according to claim 1, wherein the channel spatial correlation coefficient p in step 4 is obtained by channel estimation.
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