CN100399211C - Devie and method for eliminating X-ray no-lens Fourier transformation holographic zero ordor wave - Google Patents
Devie and method for eliminating X-ray no-lens Fourier transformation holographic zero ordor wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN100399211C CN100399211C CNB2004100527834A CN200410052783A CN100399211C CN 100399211 C CN100399211 C CN 100399211C CN B2004100527834 A CNB2004100527834 A CN B2004100527834A CN 200410052783 A CN200410052783 A CN 200410052783A CN 100399211 C CN100399211 C CN 100399211C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a device and a method for eliminating zero order waves of X-ray non-lens Fourier transform holograms. The device is characterized in that a zone plate, a pinhole light diaphragm and a detector are sequentially arranged in the progressive direction of an X-ray of an X-ray source, wherein the output end of the detector is connected with a computer; the pinhole of the pinhole light diaphragm is positioned in the focus of the zone plate; an object to be measured is positioned in another hole, and the hole is close to the pinhole and is at the same plane as the pinhole; a phase shifter is arranged behind the object to be measured; the phase shifting of the phase shifter is 2k*pi. The device is utilized to obtain the method for eliminating the zero order waves of the X-ray non-lens Fourier transform holograms. An X-ray non-lens Fourier transform hologram is shot and stored in the computer while the phase shifter is not inserted in an object beam; another X-ray non-lens Fourier transform hologram is shot and stored in the computer with the phase shifter inserted in the object beam; the lighting intensities reproduced by the two holograms are subtracted by the computer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is relevant with the X ray holography, particularly a kind of apparatus and method of eliminating the holographic zero order wave of X ray lensless fourier transform, and this holography has been widely used in biomedicine.
Background technology
As far back as nineteen fifty-two, Balz just is introduced into the X ray field to the notion of holography, the effort through several years, and the X ray holography has obtained many progress.The seventies, owing to lack x-ray source, the necessary optical element of shortage and the high-resolution recording medium of high brightness, and have many problems on the formation method, cause this field progress unsatisfactory.In recent years, because the appearance of synchrotron radiation source, this formation method extensive concern of getting back.Referring to technology: Chen Jianwen formerly, Xu Zhizhan, Zhu Peiping, the king Zhijiang River, X ray holography, Proceedings in Physics, nineteen ninety-five, 15 volumes, the 2nd phase, 125～147.
The X ray holography has two kinds of recording methods at present: coaxial recording and lensless fourier transform holographic recording.We are interested to be the holography of X ray lensless fourier transform.Fourier transform hologram is meant the Fourier transform spectrum that has write down sample, i.e. the hologram of the spatial frequency spectrum of sample.When lensless Fourier transform hologram is meant with reference to point source and sample at grade, just can record the hologram of the accurate Fourier transform spectrum of sample, as shown in Figure 1.
One relevant parallel plane X ray 1 irradiation one X ray zone plate 2, this zone plate is except that the zero order wave of a part of transmission, also produce one and assemble diffracted wave, place a pin hole at its focus place, by the X ray of aperture outgoing as the reference ripple, the zero order wave of transmission irradiation testing sample 3, sample 3 scattering waves are as the thing bundle, interfere when both are overlapping, form interferogram 5.Therefore, lensless Fourier transform hologram is also referred to as quasi fourier transform hologram.The relation of Fourier transform hologram and lensless Fourier transform hologram, the relation of extraordinary image two-slit interference striped and two plane wave interference fringes.The interference fringe of two plane waves is equally spaced, and the two-slit interference striped is approximate equally spaced, and the center striped slightly is wider than the striped on both sides.For two-slit interference, interference field is far away more from double slit, and its interference fringe is similar to the interference fringe of two plane waves more.For lensless Fourier transform hologram, the record object distance is big more, and the difference of lensless Fourier transform hologram and Fourier transform hologram is more little.Record another big advantage of object distance is can improve the object point light cone and with reference to the overlapping degree of point source light cone, improve resolution.
During reproduction, in order to make one-level object wave and zero level object wave auto-correlation, and separated sample center and must be enough greatly with reference to the distance between the point source with negative first-order diffraction ripple.During record, if object wave is compared with reference wave, amplitude is enough little, and then the auto-correlation of object wave just can be ignored.Thereby, can not consider first-order diffraction ripple and the autocorrelative separation condition of object wave, sample and just can be further close with reference to point source, thereby it is minimum that lensless Fourier transform hologram is dropped to the requirement of the resolution of recording medium and X-ray beam temporal coherence, increased a lot of difficulties but do like this to experiment.
1992, people such as I.McNulty are on Brookhaven NSRL X-1AUndulator wire harness, adopt the holographic mode of lensless fourier transform, with CCD as receiver, digital method reappears, it is reported, the resolution of X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram is brought up to 60nm.They produce the higher zone plate of quality with the method for beamwriter lithography, and the narrowest endless belt width of zone plate reaches 50nm.The narrowest width of zone plate has determined the zone plate focused radius, and this focused radius is determining the resolution of lensless Fourier transform hologram.Ten between the halfhour exposure period in, guarantee the stability of system, and the temperature variation that controls environment, make its be no more than ± 1 ℃, the coherent length of the x-ray source that they are used is 0.7 μ m.
From above-mentioned discussion as can be seen, in the holography of X ray lensless fourier transform, because the existence of zero order wave has reduced the contrast and the resolution of reproduced image, so has been necessary very much zero order wave is eliminated from reproduced image.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is at the existing shortcoming of above-mentioned technology formerly, proposes a kind of apparatus and method of eliminating the holographic zero order wave of X ray lensless fourier transform, to improve the contrast and the resolution of reproduced image.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of formation of eliminating the holographic zero order wave device of X ray lensless fourier transform: the working direction at the X ray of x-ray source is provided with zone plate successively, pinhole diaphragm and detector, the output terminal of this detector links to each other with computing machine, the pin hole of described pinhole diaphragm is positioned at the focus place of zone plate,-determinand is arranged in and the same plane of the pin hole of described pinhole diaphragm and another close hole, it is characterized in that after described determinand, being provided with a phase shifter, the phase shift of this phase shifter is 2k π, wherein k is a positive integer, when this device uses, same determinand is taken first X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram, do not insert earlier this phase shifter in the object beam, take second X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram, insert this phase shifter in the object beam.
Utilize described device to eliminate the method for the holographic zero order wave of X ray lensless fourier transform, it is characterized in that this method undertaken by following three steps:
1. in described device, do not insert phase shifter earlier in the object beam, take an X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram and also this hologram is stored in the computing machine;
2. in described device, insert phase shifter in the object beam, take an X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram again, also be stored in the computing machine;
3. in computing machine (6), the light intensity of two hologrm reconstructions is subtracted each other, can obtain to have eliminated the X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram of zero order wave.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows: parallel X-ray illumination zone plate, through after the zone plate, an X ray part is zero order wave illumination determinand, a part ofly focused on by zone plate, and through a pinhole diaphragm as the reference ripple.Reference wave and interfered by the object wave of determinand scattering receives through detector, by the image of computer reconstruction determinand.
During recorded hologram, say in this way, when reconstruct, have the problem of a zero order wave image disruption as top.In order to address this problem, if insert a phase shifter in our the object beam light path, thereby obtain an X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram with different recording parameter, so before not adding phase shifter and add after the phase shifter, two holograms that obtain all are recorded on the detector, allow their intensity subtract each other, obtain the light intensity difference and be:
In the formula: R is the reference wave amplitude, and O is the object wave amplitude,
Phasic difference for object wave and reference wave.
Purpose at the intrafascicular adding phase shifter of thing is to allow
Be a constant, promptly 2k π after two holograms subtract each other so, only contains RO and RO in the reconstructed image
*Two, thus can reach the purpose that zero order wave is eliminated.
Compare with technology formerly: zero order wave removing method in the X ray lensless fourier transform holography of the present invention, only in object beam, add an X ray phase shifter, just can eliminate the zero order wave in the reconstructed image, thereby can improve the contrast and the resolution of reproduced image greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the existing schematic diagram of device that is used for the X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of device of eliminating zero order wave in the X ray lensless fourier transform of the present invention holography.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 2 earlier, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of device of eliminating zero order wave in the X ray lensless fourier transform of the present invention holography.As seen from the figure, the formation of eliminating the device of zero order wave in the X ray lensless fourier transform of the present invention holography is: the working direction at the X ray of x-ray source 1 is provided with zone plate 2 successively, pinhole diaphragm 4 and detector 5, the output terminal of this detector 5 links to each other with computing machine 6, one pin hole of described pinhole diaphragm 4 is positioned at the focus place of zone plate 2, one determinand 3 is arranged in another unthreaded hole conplane and close with the pin hole of described pinhole diaphragm 4, it is characterized in that after described determinand 3, being provided with a phase shifter 7, the phase shift of this phase shifter 7 is 2k π, and wherein k is a positive integer.
Utilize said apparatus to eliminate the method for the holographic zero order wave of X ray lensless fourier transform, undertaken by following three steps:
1. in described device, do not insert phase shifter 7 earlier in the object beam, take an X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram and also this hologram is stored in the computing machine 6;
2. in described device, insert phase shifter 7 in the object beam, take an X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram again, also be stored in the computing machine 6;
3. in computing machine 6, the light intensity of two hologrm reconstructions is subtracted each other, can obtain to have eliminated the X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram of zero order wave.
Claims (2)
1. eliminate the device of zero order wave in the X ray lensless fourier transform holography, working direction at the X ray of x-ray source (1) is provided with zone plate (2), pinhole diaphragm (4) and detector (5), the output terminal of this detector (5) links to each other with computing machine (6), the pin hole of described pinhole diaphragm (4) is positioned at the focus place of zone plate (2), one determinand (3) is arranged in and the same plane of pin hole of described pinhole diaphragm (4) and another close unthreaded hole, it is characterized in that being provided with a phase shifter (7) afterwards at described determinand (3), the phase shift of this phase shifter (7) is 2k π, wherein k is a positive integer, when this device uses, same determinand (3) is taken first X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram, do not insert earlier this phase shifter (7) in the object beam, take second X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram, insert this phase shifter (7) in the object beam.
2. utilize the described device of claim 1 to eliminate the method for the holographic zero order wave of X ray lensless fourier transform, it is characterized in that this method undertaken by following three steps:
1. in described device, do not insert phase shifter (7) earlier in the object beam, take an X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram and be stored in the computing machine (6);
2. in described device, insert phase shifter (7) in the object beam, take an X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram again and also be stored in the computing machine (6);
3. computing machine (6) subtracts each other the light intensity of two hologrm reconstructions, can obtain to have eliminated the X ray lensless Fourier transform hologram of zero order wave.
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| CN101976031A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2011-02-16 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for optimizing reproduced holographic images of digital micro-mirror |
| CN102589695B (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2014-02-26 | 苏州大学 | Method and system for imaging spectrum |
| CN104808469B (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2017-09-12 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | High resolution ratio digital holographic microscopic imaging device and imaging method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1343242A1 (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1987-10-07 | МВТУ им.Н.Э.Баумана | Interferometer for checking shape of spherical surfaces |
| US5074667A (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1991-12-24 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. | Position detector employing a sector fresnel zone plate |
| CN1136587C (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2004-01-28 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Holographic X-ray Microscope with preamplification |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1343242A1 (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1987-10-07 | МВТУ им.Н.Э.Баумана | Interferometer for checking shape of spherical surfaces |
| US5074667A (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1991-12-24 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. | Position detector employing a sector fresnel zone plate |
| CN1136587C (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2004-01-28 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Holographic X-ray Microscope with preamplification |
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