CN100397431C - Wireless split-type metering device - Google Patents
Wireless split-type metering device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100397431C CN100397431C CNB2006100018782A CN200610001878A CN100397431C CN 100397431 C CN100397431 C CN 100397431C CN B2006100018782 A CNB2006100018782 A CN B2006100018782A CN 200610001878 A CN200610001878 A CN 200610001878A CN 100397431 C CN100397431 C CN 100397431C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a wireless split type metering device which is suitable for environment, avoids attack and damage and has the characteristics of safety, convenience, practicality and beautiful appearance. The present invention has the technical scheme that a metering control device needing safety protection is composed of a microcontroller, a metering module, an AC-DC power supply, a radio frequency sending and receiving module, a battery, a hardware clock, an SAM module, an on-off control module and an indicating lamp, the previous four items are necessary basic function units, and the latter five items are optional additional function units. A user interface device without needing special safety protection is composed of a microcontroller, an LCD module, an AC-DC power supply, a battery, a radio frequency sending and receiving module, an IC card interface, a button and a buzzer, the previous five items are necessary basic function units, and the latter three items are optional additional function units. The metering control device and the user interface device can be communicated in a two-way wireless mode in a short distance and form the wireless split type metering device together, and the present invention is suitable for application modes of one family with one meter, one family with a plurality of meters and a plurality of families with one meter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to measurement instrument and application thereof, relate in particular to a kind of wireless split-type metering device, comprise common electromechanical or full electronic water, electricity, gas and heat measuring meter and IC-card (pre-payment or controlled back paying) water, electricity, gas and the heat measuring meter of single rate or multiple rate.It is characterized in that the function of gauging table is divided into " metering control " and " user's interface device " two parts that do not have the security protection requirement that security protection requires, can carry out the short distance two-way data communication by radio-frequency receiving-transmitting (RF Transceiver) module that is operated in ISM (Industry Science Medicine) frequency band between metering control and the user's interface device.
Background technology
Water meter, ammeter, gas meter and calorimeter (following general designation gauging table) are measurement instruments commonly used in people's daily life.Traditional water, electricity, gas gauging table is a kind of mechanical type electric weight or flow (water, gas) measuring apparatus, by character wheel (also claiming word car, degree wheel, register) the demonstration continuous data of machinery or pulsed drive; Calorimeter is a kind of emerging electromechanical gauging table, generally by mechanical measurement flow and electronic surveying temperature computation with show the heat that is consumed.
Along with development of electronic technology, for cost and the raising measuring accuracy that reduces gauging table, perhaps for realize remote meter reading and (or) timesharing pay and (or) requirement of ladder payment function, electromechanical and full electronic gauging table (being referred to as the electronic type gauging table at this) have appearred.Wherein, still the electromechanical gauging table of widespread usage adopts sensor (Sensor) to convert the metering signal (for example electric weight, flow) of mechanical base table to the metering electric signal; The full electronic ammeter of widespread usage by computation chip (for example AD7755 chip) electric current and voltage signal are sampled and calculation process after output metering electric signal; The full-electronic water that will be widely used, gas, calorimeter are by adopting ultrasound wave and other electronic flow measuring techniques output metering electric signal.Universal or special microcontroller carries out data acquisition and calculation process to above metering electric signal, demonstrates the relevant operation information of gauging table at last on LED or LCD display.
Common electrical minor gauging table is by manual metering charge (use afterwards earlier pay), also have some electronic type gauging tables charge and charge by remote automatic meter reading (generally remain to use afterwards earlier and pay), referred to herein as the teletransmission gauging table, other has off-line paying (pre-payment or controlled back paying) and the incomplete data acquisition function of some electronic type gauging tables by IC-card realization user self-help, referred to herein as the IC-card gauging table.Also teletransmission and IC-card payment function can be combined according to special requirement, constitute a kind of teletransmission IC-card gauging table.Common teletransmission gauging table mainly contains following four kinds of signals or data transmission scheme at present:
(1) power line carrier teletransmission: be the telemetering electric meter technical scheme that most convenient is realized.But owing to the reason of aspects such as carrier wave device and electric network noise also is not widely used at home, reliable application mode be gauging table and nearby the charge system of (for example residential quarter property department) carry out carrier communication, perhaps carry out carrier communication with the concentrator that is arranged on similar site, concentrator carries out exchanges data by conventional wired (for example telephone wire) or wireless (for example GSM communication network) and the backstage charge system of far-end again.
(2) metering signal teletransmission: Price Sensitive water, gas teletransmission gauging table in being primarily aimed among a small circle.Be that metering signal (for example metrical pulse signal) with gauging table (generally including only base table and sensing circuit) is transferred to the backstage charge system.Sort signal teletransmission meter reading method is unidirectional signal transmission, and transmission range is limited, the artificial attack and the destruction of losing metering signal easily or being difficult for discovering.
(3) wired or short-distance wireless data remote: be at present more common water, the implementation of gas meter teletransmission gauging table.Be meant that short-distance wireless communication mode and nearby charge system or the concentrator of gauging table by wired (for example 485 buses) or ISM band carries out communication.Wherein wire communication mode particularly needs wiring in addition could use this remote installed meter for the user who uses common gauging table because need the comprehensive wiring meeting to increase system cost; Short-distance wireless teletransmission gauging table is applicable to that the user to using common gauging table transforms, but because transmission range is limited, be not suitable for longer-distance remote meter reading, and owing to exist communication reliability and signal to disturb, be difficult to satisfy at any time, the accurately requirement of remote meter reading.
(4) remote-wireless data remote: be to be embedded in the mobile communication module that comprises gsm module and the far-end backstage charge system in the mobile communication network coverage is carried out exchanges data, really realize the purpose of remote meter reading and control at the teletransmission gauging table.But, still be not suitable for ordinarily resident user's gauging table because mobile communication module cost and power consumption are higher, and exist the problem of communication fee.Have the application of using the mobile communication radio meter register on industry and commercial user's ammeter (particularly three-phase kilowatt-hour meter) or transformer load control system at present, (for example Sweden) uses this radio meter register technology because paying ability is also planned by force at the resident abroad.
In order to solve Problem of Tuition Dues, occurred in recent years simultaneously can realizing incomplete (non real-time) data acquisition function with the IC-card gauging table of IC-card as the means of E-Payment by mails.In order to guarantee that the user pays according to quantity, generally also needs to be provided with relay switch (ammeter) or electric control valve (water, gas, calorimeter) on time.Early stage IC-card gauging table is to increase the transformation of IC-card paying control module to form on the basis of the metering signal unit of traditional mechanical base table (water, electricity, gas) or electronic type gauge outfit (ammeter).The metering signal unit provides the metering electric signal by short signal wire to IC-card paying control module.Also a kind of at last wired split type IC-card table of this IC-card gauging table, but the implication of split here is meant the split of metering signal unit and IC-card paying control module, is a kind of embodiment of product transition period.
Present common electronic type gauging table, no matter be electromechanical or full electronic gauging table, no matter also be common electrical minor gauging table, teletransmission gauging table or IC-card gauging table, usually all be the integral body of metering signal unit and electronic control unit part structurally being formed an exquisiteness, incorporate electronic type gauging table becomes the product main flow.
Yet the problem that integrated gauging table exists some to be difficult to overcome in application process illustrates as follows:
(1) because the electronic type gauging table exists LED or LCD display window, in addition the IC-card gauging table particularly the Contact Type Ic Card gauging table have card inserting mouth, be difficult to accomplish strict seal, relatively more responsive for temperature, humidity, salt, environmental baseline such as greasy;
(2) because ammeter comprises that the IC-card ammeter is placed on public spaces such as corridor usually, be easy to be touched by the external world, the attack and the destruction of power stealing behavior such as wire jumper (bypass), ground connection and some other malice are taken place, comprise in the IC-card mouth pour water, the dowel sheet, with tens of kinds of methods of attacking and destroying such as isolating high-pressure ignitor impact, and manager is difficult to grab these attacks and saboteur.Except adopting entrance bushing and ammeter box, also there are not other better preventive means at present.Attack that these are artificial and destruction have been caused bigger expense tax evasion on the one hand, have also significantly increased installation, the maintenance and management cost of equipment on the other hand.
(3) common electronic type gauging table adopts LED number or LCD liquid crystal display usually at present, and LED shows that power consumption is higher relatively and quantity of information is not enough, and LCD shows the problem that has low temperature and brightness aspect again.Although it is a kind of developing direction that LCD shows, but area in cold, the LCD that employing has a good low temperature characteristic can increase the cost of gauging table undoubtedly, and LCD display requirement ambient brightness preferably, adopts the cost that also can significantly increase gauging table with LCD backlight.
(4) present various mechanical types or electronic type gauging table, limited by its 26S Proteasome Structure and Function, in appearance design, improve in any case and still be difficult to attractive in appearancely,, perhaps simply they are wrapped in cabinet inside so people often wish to place them in an inconspicuous corner as household electrical appliances.
(5) present IC-card gauging table is placed on outdoor or other corners usually, the demonstration and the warning message that need the user to be careful gauging table are consciously also in time supplemented with money, otherwise be easy to occur cutting off automatically the situation of water, electricity, gas, heat supply, make troubles for user's daily life.
(6) even if present IC-card gauging table can use user's IC-card to realize the paying of water, electricity, gas and calorimeter on technological layer, but each gauging table itself remains independently, there is not the software and hardware resources that to share, bring the investment waste on the one hand, also inconvenient user's use on the other hand.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of condition and prevent outside world and destruction of can conforming better, and have wireless split-type metering device and application processes thereof safe, convenient, practical, characteristics attractive in appearance, overcome the problem of the common gauging table existence that is proposed in the above technical background analysis.
In order to realize above purpose, basic ideas of the present invention are that the functional characteristics according to gauging table is divided into " metering control " of needs security protection and does not need " user's interface device " two relatively independent parts of security protection, in these two devices, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module is set respectively, constitutes a kind of split-type metering device that can the communication of short distance double-direction radio jointly.
Wherein, but metering control needs security protection does not have user interfaces such as button, demonstration and IC-card, can make the hermetically-sealed construction of similar black box and place the place (for example outdoor) that is difficult for touching, for convenience of description for the purpose of, below claim that also metering control is an outdoor location.User's interface device does not have the security protection requirement, can make the structure of similar switch panel small and exquisite, attractive in appearance and place environment place good and easy to use (for example indoor), for convenience of description for the purpose of, below claim that also user's interface device is an indoor set.
Metering control involved in the present invention and user's interface device and short-distance wireless teletransmission gauging table and concentrator (backstage charge system) have pro forma similarity, but very big difference is arranged on functional characteristics and application mode, and concrete analysis is described as follows:
At first, the teletransmission gauging table is a kind of gauging table with functional integrity such as wireless telecommunications, metering and demonstrations on function, and metering control involved in the present invention only need have the most basic metering and communication function, itself is complete gauging table at last not, its demonstration and other user interface functions be by and user's interface device between wireless data exchange realize.The communication function of teletransmission gauging table is a kind of service function that increases outside metering of itself and Presentation Function, remote concentrator does not belong to the part of user's gauging table, metering control involved in the present invention and user's interface device cooperate and constitute complete, as to use towards a final user metering device.
Secondly, the communication object of teletransmission gauging table is the concentrator of toll administration side, the background computer system metrical information and providing of numerous users' teletransmission gauging table is provided by concentrator charges and chargeable service, typical working method be a concentrator as masters (host) to a plurality of teletransmission gauging tables as passive side (slave) a bit to data communication of multiple spot, for fear of the communication conflict, the teletransmission gauging table should initiatively not send data to concentrator in principle.Typical communication modes is point-to-point main frame each other between metering control involved in the present invention and the user's interface device, generally send up-to-date metrical information according to metering ruuning situation to user's interface device, also can trigger user's interface device and send to metering control and command request such as supplement, update displayed, parameter are provided with money by plug-in card or button by metering control.
Once more, wireless split-type metering device involved in the present invention is at some sole users, it is indoor and by the unique use of this user that wherein user's interface device is placed on the user, as required, some user's interface devices can be shared by a plurality of (for example single-phase and three-phase) electric energy metrical control device or multiple (for example water, electricity, gas) metering control of this user.Because this user's the user's interface device and the close together (for example indoor and outdoors) of metering control, more remote with respect to wireless remote transmission table and concentrator can guarantee the accuracy and the reliability of data communication better.
Once more, the major function of teletransmission gauging table is a remote meter reading, itself generally there is no need to use IC-card to pay.Wireless split-type metering device involved in the present invention, both can realize specific metering Presentation Function, also can realize IC-card paying and break-make control function, generally, user's interface device is to be inserted in the supply socket of user incity to be powered through behind the rectifying and voltage-stabilizing by electric main, can power by removable battery during the civil power outage temporarily.In addition, can utilize user's IC-card to store programmable operating process command sequence, make user's interface device have versatility and interchangeability, the user can change out of order user's interface device at any time, even can supplement operation with money to oneself metering control with the IC-card plug-in card to neighbour's's the user's interface device of oneself.These function and application modes are that present wireless remote transmission table is not realized.
Set forth the metering control involved in the present invention and the implementation of user's interface device below respectively.
(1) metering control
We know that for the electronic type gauging table, its topmost function is a function of measuring, and the function of measuring unit also needs most and prevents outside world and destruction.So we will realize microcontroller (the Micro Controller Unit of metering and wireless communication function, MCU), metering module, AC-DC power supply, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module are formed the basic functional units of metering control, be inconvenient to use the situation of Alternating Current Power Supply for water, gas meter etc., use internal or external powered battery.In addition, in order to realize IC-card paying, multiple rate accounting, secure data exchange and to make things convenient for repair and maintenance, the following additional functional unit of optional as required increase: break-make control module, SAM module, hardware clock, reserve battery and pilot lamp.
● MCU is used for realizing communication, computing and to the control of other functional units, it can be general-purpose chip independently, also can select and special chip that functional units such as metering, clock are integrated together, also have the MCU chip that integrates with the radio-frequency receiving-transmitting functional unit to select for use;
● metering module is meant the metering signal pulse switching circuit (for example tongue tube or photoswitch circuit) of the computation chip (for example AD7755) of ammeter or water, gas meter;
● the AC-DC power supply comprises transformer, rectification (for example silicon bridge) and direct current regulation circuit in the ammeter (for example 7805), for safety and convenient for the purpose of, water, gas and calorimeter be general to use internal or external powered battery;
● radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module is meant digital signal monolithic radio frequency transceiving chip (RF Transceiver), for example the CC1020 chip of the nRF403 chip of Norway Nordic company or Chipcon company adds that a small amount of peripheral components constitutes, be connected with the I/O interface of MCU, general radio frequency chip adopts the FSK modulation system, work in ISM band, adopt the data transmission of simple transparent.
On the basis of above basic function of measuring unit, for the IC-card gauging table, additional function another one necessity and that need security protection is an on-off control unit, comprise the relay of control IC-card ammeter or cut off or connect power supply where necessary, the closing or opening where necessary of the valve of perhaps controlling IC-card water, gas and calorimeter by relay control on-load switch.Simultaneously, owing to relate to the data security that IC-card is paid, be suitable for and in metering control, adopt the additional function of SAM (Secure Access Module) secure access module as the IC-card gauging table, be used for storing the sensitive data of metering control and realize IC-card and metering control (SAM module) between the safe packet exchanges data.Metering control to sealing carries out trouble hunting for convenience, and the SAM module that the use double-interface IC card chip that can use me to propose in the another one patented claim is made is carried out the non-contact data operation by portable equipment to metering control.Indicate the duty of common electrical minor gauging table or IC-card gauging table for convenience, duties such as the powering on of one or more led state pilot lamp index gauge amount control devices, metering, communication can be set.
For supporting multiple rate common electrical minor or IC-card gauging table, the internal battery of hardware clock and the continuous working of maintenance clock also is the additional function of necessity of metering control.Wherein hardware clock has the chip of a lot of maturations to select, and the special-purpose microcontroller of the ammeter of integrated function of measuring has often also comprised hardware clock circuit; The lithium battery that internal battery general employing for ammeter is welded on the circuit board also cooperates with above-described power module, when cutting off the power supply, civil power powers to clock chip, when civil power powers on, backup battery is charged, for using the battery-powered water of in-built electrical, gas meter, clock chip can shared identical internal battery, for the water, the gas meter that use replaceable external battery, clock chip needs the standby internal battery of configuration separately.
(2) user's interface device
User's interface device is placed on the indoor place of checking easily and using of user, and its basic functions is the metrical information that shows from metering control.Owing to show it is dynamic refresh, do not have special security protection requirement.We will realize the basic functional units of MCU, LCD demonstration, AC-DC power supply, battery and the radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module composition user's interface device of demonstration and wireless communication function.
● the major function of MCU is to show and communication, can adopt the general-purpose chip of low side cheapness to realize specific application function, reduces cost to greatest extent.
● LCD shows the LCD LCD that adopts customization, is operated under the normal temperature condition, reduces cost to greatest extent.For versatility that user's interface device is provided or realize a family multilist, can on LCD display, customize water, electricity, gas, heat is a plurality of and multiple meter data item, comprises the relevant information of operation, paying and management of surplus, accumulative total consumption, time, rate and other and one (kind) or a plurality of (kind) gauging table.
● AC-DC power supply and battery, the AC-DC power supply realize to exchange (AC) to the conversion of direct current (DC) and, the removable external battery of the general employing of battery, under the situation that the electric main power supply is arranged, user's interface device can be connected indoor power supply and use, under the situation of civil power outage, install and change powered battery voluntarily by the user.
● the radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module pairing in radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and the metering control is used, in the exchanges data between realization and the metering control under the control of microcontroller.
In addition, but according to other additional functions of function needs arrangement: comprise the simple key of realizing function setting, triggering or switching, realize the IC-card interface that IC-card is paid, realize the hummer of reminding alarm function.
Because authentication between IC-card and the metering control and exchanges data can message transparent transmission safe in utilization, the user's interface device that also promptly uses IC-card to pay is also just realized the data transmission of IC-card, and itself does not need special security protection.For the user's interface device that uses IC-card, the application program of MCU can be general, the running parameter of metering control and user's interface device and workflow, and exchanges data flow process between the two can be by the data file storage and the rewriting of IC-card.
In addition, background system is for the distribution of IC-card, supplement with money with data acquisition operation can with present integrated IC-card table system compatible, and, because user's interface device is indoor the user, user's IC-card can be extracted from user's interface device after finishing associative operation, also can be inserted in for a long time in the user's interface device, the problem that does not have plug-in card stand-by period length, unlike the integrated IC-card table that is installed in public space, because needing to extract IC-card after finishing the IC-card operation deposits in addition, user's plug-in card stand-by period is shortened in all requirements as far as possible, avoids operation to pull out card midway simultaneously and the data maloperation occurs.
Because metering control has reduced button, display and IC-card interface, in user's interface device, increase these functional units and do not increase cost, can reduce the part of devices cost with reducing IC-card socket requirement of shelter because of the LCD display that adopts the normal temperature characteristic on the contrary.
The typical application model of wireless split-type metering device of the present invention is that Every household has an ammeter, a user's interface device and a metering control are matching used, metering control is finished one of them metering and wireless data communication function of single user's water, electricity, gas and heat, as required can be in metering control deploy switch or valve on-off control unit, configuration IC-card interface is realized the IC-card payment function in user's interface device.
Owing to increased the increase of the cost that microcontroller brought in radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and the user's interface device, the present invention also is applicable to the application model at a family multilist and the many families of a table in order further to reduce.Wherein, one family multilist is meant one (kind) above supporting use of metering control of a user's interface device and this user, each (kind) metering control is finished single metering and wireless data communication function, as required can be in metering control deploy switch or valve break-make control module, configuration IC-card interface uses one or more IC-card to realize payment function in user's interface device.The many families of one table be instruct more than one user's interface device respectively with a supporting use of multi-user's metering control, described multi-user's metering control can be finished multi-user's function of measuring simultaneously, a shared radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module is carried out wireless data communication with one of them user's interface device respectively, can dispose a plurality of switches or valve break-make control module in described multi-user's metering control as required, configuration IC-card interface is realized the IC-card payment function in each user's interface device.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples technology of the present invention is realized being described further.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the circuit structure diagram of the split type multiple rate IC-card one family multilist metering device of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Accompanying drawing 2 is circuit structure diagrams of split type multiple rate IC-card one many families of table metering device of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Embodiment
Before specifically describing embodiment, simple declaration is related notion once: so-called " multiple rate " mainly is meant " timesharing " electricity price and " ladder " water price, and gas meter is not answered the notion of rate usually; So-called " split-type metering device " is meant with wireless communication mode and carries out the metering device that " user's interface device " and " metering control " of exchanges data constituted; So-called " family " is meant the user who uses " user's interface device "; So-called " multilist " both can refer to this user's water, electricity, gas multiple " metering control ", also can be a plurality of among this user's the water, electricity, gas wherein a kind of " metering control ".The enforcement special case of " a family multilist " application model, it is the application model of " Every household has an ammeter " that constituted by " user's interface device " and one of them " metering control ", so-called " the many families of a table " are meant that a metering control has multi-user's measure control function, a shared radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, the user's interface device with this user carries out exchanges data respectively.
Embodiment 1:
Be the circuit structure diagram of split type multiple rate IC-card one family multilist metering device as shown in Figure 1, comprise a user's interface device 1 and towards the metering control 1 of electric quantity metering with constitute the application model of " a family multilist " towards the metering control 2 of water consumption measurement, may have only one of them metering control in concrete the application, also have the metering control that more comprises gas, heat metering.
(1) user's interface device
The basic function of user's interface device is to show the metrical information from metering control that receives by wireless communication mode, is made of the basic functional units of the indispensability of user's interface device 1 microcontroller 01, LCD module 02, AC-DC power supply 03, the removable battery 04 of user and radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 05; The additional function of user's interface device 1 provides IC-card paying, function to switch and prompt functions, is made of the optional additional function of user's interface device 1 IC-card interface 06, button 07 and hummer 08.
Specify as follows:
Microcontroller 01 can adopt 8051 kernels or PIC series monolithic cheaply, at reset circuit, crystal clock circuit and some other resistance, the cooperation of capacitor element is work down, its major function is that control radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 05 and metering control carry out wireless telecommunications and related data is carried out computing and processing, control LCD display module 02 shows metering and other running state information, by IC-card interface 6 operation user IC-cards, obtain the state of button 7 by inquiry or interrupt mode, start or switch relevant control function, provide by hummer 8 and report to the police and information.
LCD module 02 has customized the display data item relevant with water, electricity, gas, heat metering and paying, comprise surplus, accumulative total consumption, rate, the amount of money, time and other running state information, LCD module 02 is connected with microcontroller 01 by the serial or parallel interface.
AC-DC power supply 03 is finished the conversion of interchange (AC) civil power to direct current (DC) power supply, and typical implementation comprises transformer and rectification and mu balanced circuit.Under the situation of civil power outage, power by the removable battery 04 of user.
Radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 05 can be selected the rf chip of multiple maturation for use, the CC1020 monolithic radio frequency transceiving chip of Chipcon company for example, cooperate some peripheral devices that comprises resistance, electric capacity, inductance and crystal oscillator and antenna circuits, the CC1020 chip is connected by the general purpose I/O interface of digital interface end such as PCLK, PDI, PDO, DIO, DCLK and microcontroller 01.
IC-card interface 06 can by the general purpose I/O interface of microcontroller 01 by the software sequential realize IC-card synchronous communication agreement (for storage card) and (or) T=0 and (or) the asynchronous communication agreement (for the CPU card) of T=1, serial line interface (UART) that also can be by microcontroller 01 or by the asynchronous communication of microcontroller 01 control application-specific integrated circuit card chip realization and CPU card.The CPU card also needs the clock (for example 3.57MHz) that provides special, generally clock that also can shared (or frequency division) microcontroller 01 in the 1-5MHz scope.
The connected mode of button 07 and microcontroller 01 has multiple implementations such as direct inquiry, interrupt inquiry, matrix inquiry, can adopt direct inquiry or interrupt inquiry when number of keys is less; Hummer 08 can drive hummer work by triode by the I/O interface of microcontroller 01 usually.
(2) metering control
Present embodiment has provided metering control 1 and 2 two kinds of more comprehensive embodiments of function ratio of metering control, respectively towards electric weight and the water consumption measurement and the control of rate again, constitute the application model of single user interface device and the matching used family multilist of a plurality of metering control, as the special case of a family multilist application model, more typical in the practical application is a user's interface device and the matching used application model that Every household has an ammeter of metering control.The basic function that metering control can only realize comprising metering and communication also can realize the additional function that other are part or all of.
Metering control 1 is made of the basic functional units of the indispensability that realizes metering and communication function microcontroller 11, metering module 12, AC-DC power supply 13, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 14; Constitute optional additional function by battery 15, hardware clock 16, SAM module 17, switch control 18 and status indicator lamp 19.
For the basic functional units of metering control 1, microcontroller 11 can be selected the microcontroller chip with good Electro Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) and reliability for use, for example the ST72 of STM company Series of MCU; Metering module 12 is selected the most frequently used AD7755 computation chip for use, also can select for use its upgrading chip for example AD7756 or other compatible chips and the general of microcontroller 11 with (or) special purpose interface is connected; AC-DC power supply 13 is whole device power supply, is made up of transformer, rectification circuit and mu balanced circuit; Radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 14 and user's interface device 1 are supporting, adopt the CC1020 monolithic radio frequency transceiving chip of Chipcon company to add the peripheral devices composition that comprises resistance, electric capacity, inductance, crystal oscillator, antenna, are connected with the general-purpose interface of microcontroller 11.
The additional function of metering control 1 is mainly used to realize multiple rate, data security and outage control function, and wherein battery 15 provides standby power supply to hardware clock 16, can adopt built-in lithium battery and dispose corresponding charge and discharge circuit; Hardware clock 16 has the clock chip of multiple maturation available, needs configuration crystal or RC resonant circuit, generally is connected with microcontroller 11 by the I2C interface; Owing to relate to the data security that IC-card is paid, adopt SAM module 17 storage sensitive datas and realize IC-card and metering control 1 between the safe packet exchanges data, SAM module 17 is made of based on chip operating system (COS) the IC-card chip that has CPU, by general purpose I/O interface with (or) the hardware serial communication interface is connected with microcontroller 11; Switch control 18 is meant relay or cuts off or connect power supply where necessary by relay control on-load switch, adds that by the I/O interface of microcontroller 11 suitable driving circuit and switch control 18 are connected; In addition, check the duty of metering control 1 for convenience, duties such as the powering on of one or more led state pilot lamp 19 index gauge amount control devices, metering, communication can be set.
Metering control 2 is made of the basic functional units of the indispensability that realizes metering and communication function microcontroller 21, pulses switch 22, battery 23, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 24; Constitute optional additional function by hardware clock 25, SAM module 26, valve control 27 and status indicator lamp 28.
The difference of metering control 2 and metering control 1 mainly contains three aspects, and the first is considered safety and convenient, adopts battery 23 to give whole device power supply; It two is that metering signal derives from base table, and producing through pulses switch 22 can be for the electric impulse signal of microcontroller 21 uses; It three is that break-make control is to realize opening or turn-offing of electric control valves by the valve control 27 of microcontroller 21 by the band power drive.Other about the function of hardware clock 25, SAM module 26 and status indicator lamp 28 and and the corresponding units of the interface of microcontroller 21 and metering control 1 similar.
Embodiment 2:
Be the circuit structure diagram of split type multiple rate IC-card one many families of table metering device as shown in Figure 2, for convenience, present embodiment provided user's interface device 2 and user's interface device 3 respectively with the situation of metering control 3 supporting application.Have one, two or more user's interface device in the practical application, the metering and the control function unit of equal number also arranged in metering control 3 accordingly.The situation of generally having only electric quantity metering to exist the multi-user to show in the practical application, for special cases, for example the rural power user uses multi-user's metering control further to reduce cost.
(1) user's interface device
The user's interface device 2 of present embodiment is made of the basic functional units of the indispensability of user's interface device 2 microcontroller 31, LCD module 32, AC-DC power supply 33, the removable battery 34 of user and radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 35; The additional function of user's interface device 2 provides IC-card paying, function to switch and prompt functions, is made of the optional additional function of user's interface device 2 IC-card interface 36, button 37 and hummer 38;
The user's interface device 3 of present embodiment is made of the basic functional units of the indispensability of user's interface device 3 microcontroller 41, LCD module 42, AC-DC power supply 43, the removable battery 44 of user and radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 45; The additional function of user's interface device 3 provides IC-card paying, function to switch and prompt functions, is made of the optional additional function of user's interface device 3 IC-card interface 46, button 47 and hummer 48.
The user's interface device 2 of present embodiment, user's interface device 3 are consistent with user's interface device 1 among the embodiment 1 in function and implementation, will not describe in detail at this.
(2) metering control
The metering control 3 of present embodiment can be realized two users' metering, control and communication function, metering, control and communication function that two above users can be arranged in the practical application, wherein metering and control function are independently for some users, and communication function can shared same radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module.
Metering control 3 is made of the basic functional units of the indispensability that realizes metering and communication function microcontroller 51, metering module 521, metering module 522, AC-DC power supply 53, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 54; Constitute optional additional function by battery 55, hardware clock 56, SAM module 57, switch control 581, switch control 582 and status indicator lamp 59.
The metering control 3 of present embodiment and the difference of the metering control 1 among the embodiment 1 have been more than one metering module and more than one switch control module, metering control 1 among the embodiment 1 of other functional modules is identical, needn't give unnecessary details at this.
Claims (7)
1. wireless split-type metering device that uses towards the final user, its feature comprises:
(1) metering control that constitutes by microcontroller, metering module, AC-DC power supply, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module;
(2) user's interface device that constitutes by microcontroller, LCD module, AC-DC power supply, battery, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, wherein AC-DC power supply and battery can exist simultaneously, battery-powered under the situation of civil power outage, also can only use AC-DC power supply or powered battery;
(3) pass through the communication of ISM frequency band short distance double-direction radio between described metering control and the user's interface device, realize the split type metering and the demonstration of water, electricity, gas and heat, wherein for the electric energy metrical control device, metering module adopts the metrical pulse change-over circuit or the electronic type computation chip of mechanical type base table, for water, gas, heat metering control device, metering module adopts the base table pulse switching circuit.
2. wireless split-type metering device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described metering control also comprises battery, hardware clock, SAM secure access module, break-make control module and status indicator lamp, described user's interface device also comprises the IC-card interface, button and hummer, to realize water,, gas, the split type metering of heat, show, break-make control and IC-card payment function, wherein for the electric energy metrical control device, the break-make control module adopts the relay switch control circuit, for water, gas, the heat metering control device, the break-make control module adopts motor or electromagnetic valve control circuit.
3. wireless split-type metering device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that user's interface device and metering control structure are splits, by single user interface device and the supporting use of one or more metering control, each metering control is finished single user's water, electricity, gas and heat wherein one metering and wireless data communication function, deploy switch or valve break-make control module in metering control, configuration IC-card interface is realized payment function by one or more user's IC-card in user's interface device.
4. wireless split-type metering device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that more than one user's interface device and the supporting use of multi-user's metering control, described multi-user's metering control uses a radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, carries out wireless data communication with one of them user's interface device respectively.
5. wireless split-type metering device according to claim 4 is characterized in that a plurality of switches of configuration or valve break-make control module in described multi-user's metering control, and configuration IC-card interface is realized the IC-card payment function in each user's interface device.
6. according to claim 1 and 2 described wireless split-type metering devices, it is characterized in that between matching used metering control and the user's interface device carrying out exchanges data with the communication modes of main frame each other, by metering control according to metering ruuning situation to user's interface device send up-to-date metrical information or inserting on the user's interface device user's IC-card or button start user's interface device to metering control send comprise supplement with money, update displayed and the parameter data exchange request in being arranged on.
7. according to claim 1 and 2 described wireless split-type metering devices, it is characterized in that function and exchanges data flow process for metering control and user's interface device are fixing or flexible programmable way, for the fixing situation of function, respectively by microcontroller application programming metering, communication, demonstration, paying and control function in metering control and the user's interface device; Programmable functions is applicable to the situation of using IC-card to pay in user's interface device, user's interface device itself is general and interchangeable, carry out exchanges data by inserting user's IC-card and specific metering control, the function of user's interface device, parameter and exchanges data flow process are defined by the IC-card data file, in order to guarantee data storage and safety of transmission, configuration SAM secure access module realizes sensitive data storage and and the safe packet exchanges data of user's IC-card in described metering control.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100018782A CN100397431C (en) | 2006-01-25 | 2006-01-25 | Wireless split-type metering device |
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| CNB2006100018782A CN100397431C (en) | 2006-01-25 | 2006-01-25 | Wireless split-type metering device |
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| CN1866309A CN1866309A (en) | 2006-11-22 |
| CN100397431C true CN100397431C (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101498918B (en) * | 2009-02-10 | 2011-04-27 | 东莞市瑞柯电机有限公司 | Bidirectional radio energy monitoring system |
| CN102819901A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-12-12 | 宁夏隆基宁光仪表有限公司 | Electronic type mixed charging prepayment electric energy meter |
| CN102819900A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-12-12 | 宁夏隆基宁光仪表有限公司 | Remote management local fee control electric energy meter based on dual interface smart card |
| CN103093599A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-05-08 | 河南新天科技股份有限公司 | Large-caliber wireless communication type split meter |
| CN105807105A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-27 | 施耐德电气工业公司 | Electric power metering device and method thereof |
| CN104794821A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-07-22 | 上海台研节能设备工程有限公司 | Water-electricity-coal gas integrated charging control system |
| CN110034779B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2021-01-05 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | eMTC communication module |
| CN110488623A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-22 | 申世杰 | A kind of intelligent appliance shared system and method, information data processing terminal |
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