CN100396490C - Ink-jet printer having nozzle abnormal compensating function - Google Patents
Ink-jet printer having nozzle abnormal compensating function Download PDFInfo
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- CN100396490C CN100396490C CNB2005100592698A CN200510059269A CN100396490C CN 100396490 C CN100396490 C CN 100396490C CN B2005100592698 A CNB2005100592698 A CN B2005100592698A CN 200510059269 A CN200510059269 A CN 200510059269A CN 100396490 C CN100396490 C CN 100396490C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an ink jet printer which comprises an ink jet head, an ink jet compensation control device and a detection device, wherein the ink jet head comprises a plurality of jet nozzles; the ink jet compensation control device is used for driving the ink jet head, so that the jet nozzles form a plurality of linear printed stripes on a file; the detection device is used for detecting the operating condition of the jet nozzles. When the detection device detects at least one abnormal jet nozzle, the ink jet compensation control device can select a normal jet nozzle group, and controls the ink jet head to form printed stripes on the file by a plurality of normal jet nozzles, and the printed stripes cover the area which is covered on the file by the printed stripes formed from the abnormal jet nozzles, when a plurality of jet nozzles are normally operated.
Description
The present invention be former application for a patent for invention (application number: 01112343.5, the applying date: April 2 calendar year 2001, denomination of invention: the dividing an application ink-jet printer with nozzle abnormal compensating function).
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ink-jet printer, particularly relate to a kind of ink-jet printer with nozzle abnormal compensating function.
Background technology
Generally speaking, ink-jet printer all includes one or more ink gun, and each ink gun includes a plurality of nozzles.Ink-jet printer is to utilize these a plurality of nozzles to spray ink with mimeograph documents.Yet, along with the user improves day by day to the requirement of print quality, ink-jet printer the print resolution that must provide also must increase, mean promptly that so the size of nozzle must dwindle chance thereby raising that nozzle is stopped up by foreign matter.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing ink-jet printer 10.Printing schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is 10 normal operations of Fig. 1 ink-jet printer.Ink-jet printer 10 includes an ink gun 12.Ink gun 12 can be along moving back and forth on the ink-jet track 13, to print a file 11.Ink gun 12 includes a plurality of nozzle 14a, 14b and is used for spraying ink required when printing, and with a plurality of printing stripeds 16,19 of formation on file 11, and each prints striped the 16, the 19th, is made of 18 of a plurality of ink-jet points.
The printing type that ink-jet printer 10 is adopted is the printing type of a kind of general adopted gradation staggered (shingling).The staggered printing type of gradation is a print area to be printed stroke with N time print, printing in the stroke for the first time, only utilize total nozzle number N/one nozzle to spray ink, and printing in the stroke for the second time, then use other N/one nozzle to print, so repeat N time and print stroke, can utilize the nozzle of diverse location to finish the print job of whole print area respectively.As shown in Figure 2, print in the stroke, only use among Fig. 2 half nozzle 14a of total nozzle number and form and print striped 16 in the first time of ink gun 12; And printing in the stroke for the second time, then use second half nozzle 14b to form printing striped 19.So utilize the nozzle 14a or the 14b of diverse location respectively, can form staggered printing striped 16,19, finish and print action.Again, shown in Figure 2ly only is the staggered a kind of embodiment printed of gradation, in fact the staggered mode of printing of gradation has a lot, so to plant printing type be prior art, does not give unnecessary details so do not add at this.
Please refer to Fig. 3.Printing schematic diagram when Fig. 3 has an abnormal nozzle 15 for Fig. 2 ink-jet printer 10.Generally speaking, nozzle often damages (as being stopped up by foreign matter) because of certain reason, so that can not normally spray ink.As shown in Figure 3, when ink gun 12 includes an abnormal nozzle 15,,, influence print quality so, then can on file 11, form a blank striped 17 if adopt aforesaid way to print because of abnormal nozzle 15 can't normally spray ink.
Please refer to Fig. 4.Fig. 4 is another printing type schematic diagram when having ink-jet printer 20 normal operations now.Ink-jet printer 20 comprises an ink gun 22 equally, and ink gun 22 includes a plurality of nozzles 24 and be used for spraying ink, to form a plurality of printing stripeds 26 on a file 21.The printing type that ink-jet printer 20 is adopted is different from the staggered printing type of above-mentioned gradation, but the printing type that a kind of block is printed, ink gun 22 can be carried out in the mode of shift position and repeatedly print stroke, each pocket of printing, on file 21, form a plurality of printing blocks 29, to finish the print job of whole part of file.Wherein, print in the stroke each time, relative position between ink gun 22 and the file 21 can change to some extent, and as shown in Figure 4, the I that Fig. 4 indicated, II and III are used for representing that ink gun 22 is in the change situation of printing continuously for three times in the stroke with respect to the position of file 21.Therefore, by the change of relative position, ink gun 22 can print on the diverse location of file 21.
Please refer to Fig. 5.Printing schematic diagram when Fig. 5 has an abnormal nozzle 25 for Fig. 4 ink-jet printer 20.As shown in Figure 5, ink gun 22 includes an abnormal nozzle 25.When ink gun 22 is printed on file 21, because of abnormal nozzle 25 can't normally spray ink, so all can have a blank striped 27 to exist in ink gun 22 formed each printing block 29.Therefore, when the mode of printing with block is printed, understand existence equally, and influence the print quality of ink-jet printer 20 because of abnormal nozzle 25.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ink-jet printer, it is mainly with the nozzle of normal operation, replace can't normal operation nozzle, utilize the change of printing arrangement again, reach and improve print quality and cost-effective purpose.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and a kind of ink-jet printer promptly is provided, and is used for printing a file, and this ink-jet printer includes:
One ink gun, it includes a plurality of nozzles;
One ink-jet compensate control apparatus is used for driving this ink gun so that these a plurality of nozzles form a plurality of linear printing stripeds on this document, and each is printed striped and includes a plurality of ink-jet points; And
One checkout gear is used for detecting the running situation of these a plurality of nozzles;
Wherein working as these a plurality of nozzles all operates just often, this ink-jet compensate control apparatus can form this a plurality of printing stripeds with these a plurality of nozzles, when this checkout gear detects these a plurality of nozzles when an abnormal nozzle is wherein arranged, this ink-jet compensate control apparatus can be chosen a normal nozzles group according to the position of this abnormal nozzle, this normal nozzles group comprises a plurality of normal nozzles, but do not comprise this abnormal nozzle, this ink-jet compensate control apparatus can be controlled this normal nozzles group's the quantity of ink that nozzle sprayed, to enlarge the area of this normal nozzles ink-jet point that the group is formed.
When this checkout gear detects when in these a plurality of nozzles at least one abnormal nozzle being arranged, this ink-jet compensate control apparatus can be chosen a normal nozzles group according to the position of this abnormal nozzle, this normal nozzles group includes a plurality of normal nozzles but does not comprise this abnormal nozzle, the normal nozzles that this ink-jet compensate control apparatus can be controlled this normal nozzles group forms corresponding printing striped on this document, all operate the zone that the printing striped that just often formed by this abnormal nozzle is contained and the formed printing striped of these a plurality of normal nozzles is covered when these a plurality of nozzles on this document.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the invention in detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing ink-jet printer;
Printing schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is the normal operation of Fig. 1 ink-jet printer;
Printing schematic diagram when Fig. 3 has an abnormal nozzle for Fig. 2 ink-jet printer;
Printing schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is another existing ink-jet printer normal operation;
Printing schematic diagram when Fig. 5 has an abnormal nozzle for Fig. 4 ink-jet printer;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention ink-jet printer;
Fig. 7 is the functional block diagram of Fig. 6 ink-jet printer;
Fig. 8 is the printing type schematic diagram of Fig. 6 ink-jet printer;
Fig. 9 is the functional block diagram of second embodiment of the invention ink-jet printer;
Figure 10 is the printing type schematic diagram of Fig. 9 ink-jet printer;
Figure 11 is the functional block diagram of third embodiment of the invention ink-jet printer;
Figure 12 is first kind of printing type schematic diagram of Figure 11 ink-jet printer;
Figure 13 is second kind of printing type schematic diagram of Figure 12 ink-jet printer;
Figure 14 is the functional block diagram of fourth embodiment of the invention ink-jet printer;
Figure 15 is the printing type schematic diagram of Figure 14 ink-jet printer.
The specific embodiment
Can't operate as normal for fear of ink-jet printer because of its nozzle blockage, and cause above-mentioned existing situation, the invention provides a kind of ink-jet printer with ink-jet abnormal compensating function.When the nozzle of the ink gun of this ink-jet printer had the abnormal situation of running to take place, this inkjet printing chance utilized other to operate normal nozzle, finished the printing action of file.In the following detailed description of the invention part, will propose several printing types, the operation situation of ink-jet printer reality of the present invention will be described.
Please refer to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention ink-jet printer 30.Fig. 7 is the functional block diagram of Fig. 6 ink-jet printer 30.Ink-jet printer 30 is used for printing a file 32.Ink-jet printer 30 comprises an ink gun 34, an ink-jet compensate control apparatus 42 and a checkout gear 44.Ink-jet printer 30 is electrically connected on a computer 160.Computer 160 comprises a driver 162, is used for controlling ink-jet compensate control apparatus 42 with mimeograph documents 32.Ink-jet compensate control apparatus 42 can drive ink gun 34 and move around along an ink-jet track 37, to carry out a plurality of printing strokes.Ink gun 34 includes a plurality of nozzles, is used for spraying ink with mimeograph documents 32.Checkout gear 44 is the operating states that are used for detecting a plurality of nozzles, to learn its whether normally ink-jet.Detection method about the nozzle operating state is well known to those skilled in the art, and related data can be with reference to U.S. Pat 5182580, does not promptly add at this and gives unnecessary details.
Please refer to Fig. 8.Fig. 8 is the printing type schematic diagram of Fig. 6 ink-jet printer 30.But when all nozzles all during normal operation, ink-jet printer 30 can use general existing Method of printing to come mimeograph documents 32 (this part can with reference to the related description of aforementioned prior art).Ink-jet printer 30 of the present invention and existing method different be in, when checkout gear 44 has detected an abnormal nozzle 39 (being denoted as netted striped), ink-jet compensate control apparatus 42 can be chosen a normal nozzles group 40, and substitute abnormal nozzle 39 with this normal nozzles group 40 nozzle 38, with printing arrangement of the present invention to print work.
As shown in Figure 8, when checkout gear 44 had detected abnormal nozzle 39, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 42 can be chosen normal nozzles 38 to form normal nozzles group 40 to choose the mode of 1 nozzle every 1 nozzle.Normal nozzles group 40 comprises a plurality of normal nozzles 38 but does not comprise abnormal nozzle 39.With this example, because of adopting the mode of choosing 1 nozzle every 1 nozzle, normal nozzles group's 40 included normal nozzles 38 numbers are about half of nozzle sum.Then, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 42 can carry out a plurality of printing strokes with normal nozzles group 40, and with a plurality of printing stripeds 46,48 of formation on file 32, and each printing striped 46,48 includes a plurality of ink-jet points 36.In the process of printing, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 42 can one perpendicular to the direction 35 of printing striped on, change the relative position of ink gun 34 and file 32, but with utilize normal nozzles group 40 form originally when all nozzles all should be during normal operation by abnormal nozzle 39 formed printing stripeds.As shown in Figure 8, when carrying out printing stroke the first time, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 42 meeting moves 32 make ink gun 34 be positioned at position I, and form printing stripeds 46 with normal nozzles group 40 nozzle 38; And when printing stroke for the second time, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 42 is still continued to use same normal nozzles group 40 and is printed stroke, can't as existing staggered printing type, print (with reference to Fig. 3) with the nozzle group of containing abnormal nozzle 39, but with the certain distance of mobile ink gun 34 or file 32, make ink gun 34 be positioned at position II, and form with normal nozzles group 40 and to print striped 48, and print striped 48 and to print striped 46 staggered.With this example, the mobile ink gun 34 or the distance of file 32 be the distance of odd number nozzle (what therefore locate to adopt is the mode of choosing 1 nozzle every 1 nozzle) preferably.
Please compare with the existing printing type that interlocks shown in Figure 3 simultaneously with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 8, present embodiment utilizes normal nozzles group 40 nozzle 38 to form originally should roll over striped 17 and can not produce sky shown in Figure 3 by abnormal nozzle 39 formed printing stripeds.That is to say that this moment, normal nozzles 38 formed printing stripeds can cover originally the zone that should be contained by abnormal nozzle 39 formed printing stripeds on file 32, and obtained the printing effect all just often identical with all nozzles.
Annotatedly be more than to be that to differ an injector spacing with ink gun 34 positions (position I and position II) of printing stroke for twice be that example is described.In fact, ink gun 34 positions of twice printing stroke also can differ a plurality of (or odd number) injector spacing, and reach the purpose that substitutes abnormal nozzle 39 with normal nozzles group 40 nozzle 38 equally.For example according to situation shown in Figure 8, finish for the first time print stroke after, file 32 can be moved three injector spacings, carry out printing the second time stroke, again file 32 is moved three injector spacings, print stroke for the third time, so continue to print, get final product complete mimeograph documents 32, and can not produce blank striped 17 shown in Figure 3.
Also have, the present invention is not limited to choose 1 nozzle mode every 1 nozzle and choose normal nozzles group 40 with above-mentioned, also can be in response to the distribution situation of abnormal nozzle 39 in fact, to choose the predetermined number nozzle (as choosing 1 nozzle every 2 nozzles every a predetermined nozzle number, or choose 2 adjacent nozzles every 2 nozzles) mode, choose normal nozzles group 40 and print, can reach the purpose of utilizing normal nozzles group 40 to replace abnormal nozzle 39 equally.The shift position of printing the ink gun 34 of stroke this moment for twice is not to differ the odd number injector spacing as above-mentioned condition, as long as but can cover the position of former abnormal nozzle 39.
Please refer to Fig. 9 and Figure 10.Fig. 9 is the functional block diagram of second embodiment of the invention ink-jet printer 70.Figure 10 is the printing type schematic diagram of Fig. 9 ink-jet printer 70.Present embodiment and the aforementioned first embodiment main difference be in, when checkout gear 84 has detected an abnormal nozzle 79, the non-mode of choosing nozzle with aforementioned interval of present embodiment decides normal nozzles group 80, but the normal nozzles 78 of choosing a plurality of continuous adjacent forms normal nozzles group 80, to reach the purpose of utilizing normal nozzles group 80 to replace abnormal nozzle 79.
As shown in figure 10, when carrying out printing stroke the first time, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 82 meeting moves 72 make ink gun 74 be positioned at position I, and print with normal nozzles group 80 (normal nozzles 78 that contains 4 continuous adjacent), form and print striped block 85; And when printing stroke for the second time, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 82 meeting move 72 or ink guns 74 make ink gun 74 be positioned at position II, and print with normal nozzles group 80, form to print striped block 86.When printing stroke for the third time, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 82 meeting move 72 or ink guns 74 make ink gun 74 be positioned at position III, print with normal nozzles group 80, form and print striped block 87.Print striped block 85,86,87 mistake that mutually disjoints.So continue to print, can obtain and all nozzles identical print result during normal operation all.
Please refer to Fig. 5 and Figure 10, compare with existing block printing type shown in Figure 5, present embodiment does not use abnormal nozzle 25 to print, originally should be but form by abnormal nozzle 79 formed printing stripeds with normal nozzles group 80 nozzle 78, therefore can not produce blank striped 27, print quality thereby raising shown in Figure 5.
Please refer to Figure 11 to Figure 13.Figure 11 is the functional block diagram of third embodiment of the invention ink-jet printer 100.Figure 12 is first kind of printing type schematic diagram of Figure 11 ink-jet printer 100.Figure 13 is second kind of printing type schematic diagram of Figure 12 ink-jet printer 100.Ink-jet printer 100 place different with previous embodiment is, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 103 is not to print in the mode of choosing or choose continuously nozzle at interval regularly, but whether the number of the normal nozzles of the maximum continuous adjacent of meeting foundation is less than a given number (for example half of total nozzle number), the printing type that decides ink-jet printer 100 to be taked.
As shown in figure 12, ink gun 104 has three abnormal nozzles 109, the normal nozzles number of the maximum continuous adjacent of ink gun 104 is 3, half 6 less than total nozzle number 12, in this case, ink-jet compensate control apparatus 103 can adopt the interval to choose the mode of (as choosing 1 nozzle every 1 nozzle) and choose normal nozzles group 110, and the relative position of mobile in regular turn ink gun 104 and file 102, make ink gun 104 be positioned at position I and position II, produce respectively and print striped 116,118, to finish print job.
As shown in figure 13, unusual nozzle is a nozzle 109, and the normal nozzles number of the maximum continuous adjacent of ink gun 104 is 7, half 6 greater than total nozzle number 12, in this case, the nozzle of continuous adjacent that ink-jet compensate control apparatus 103 can be chosen a plurality of (as 7) forms normal nozzles group 110, and in regular turn ink gun 104 is moved to position I, II, III, produce respectively and print striped block 124,126,128, finish print job.
Please refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15.Figure 14 is the functional block diagram of fourth embodiment of the invention ink-jet printer 130.Figure 15 is the printing type schematic diagram of Figure 14 ink-jet printer 130.Three embodiment in front utilize normal nozzles group 40,80,110 nozzle 38,78,108 to form originally should be by abnormal nozzle 39,79,109 formed printing stripeds, and different with foregoing printing compensation method be, present embodiment takes to enlarge the mode of ink-jet point area, reaches the effect of printing compensation.As shown in figure 15, when checkout gear 144 detected abnormal nozzle 139, the quantity of ink that ink-jet compensate control apparatus 142 meeting control normal nozzles groups' 140 normal nozzles 138 is sprayed was to enlarge the area of ink-jet point 152.Thus, normal nozzles 138 formed printing stripeds promptly can cover originally the zone 147 that should be contained by abnormal nozzle 139 formed printing stripeds on file 132, and make blank striped it seems more not obvious even disappear.
In addition, above embodiment is illustrated with the situation that a plurality of nozzles are lined up a parallel columns, yet, to know this operator and should understand easily, printing compensation method of the present invention also becomes the situation of a plurality of parallel columns applicable to a plurality of nozzle arrangement.In fact, every utilization changes printing type and reaches the purpose that replaces the print job of abnormal nozzle with normal nozzles, all answers spirit according to the invention.
The advantage of apparatus of the present invention is, it is compared with existing ink-jet printer 10, ink-jet printer of the present invention has the function of nozzle abnormal compensating, when its nozzle head has nozzle that the abnormal situation of running takes place, can utilize other to operate normal nozzle and finish print job, therefore the user needn't be undesired because of the nozzle running of ink-jet printer, and change the ink gun of ink-jet printer, reaches the purpose of keeping print quality, reducing maintenance cost.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equalizations of being done according to claim scope of the present invention change and modify, and all should belong to the covering scope of patent of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an ink-jet printer is used for printing a file, and this ink-jet printer includes:
One ink gun, it includes a plurality of nozzles;
One ink-jet compensate control apparatus is used for driving this ink gun so that these a plurality of nozzles form a plurality of linear printing stripeds on this document, and each is printed striped and includes a plurality of ink-jet points; And
One checkout gear is used for detecting the running situation of these a plurality of nozzles;
Wherein work as these a plurality of nozzles and all operate just often, this ink-jet compensate control apparatus can form this a plurality of printing stripeds with these a plurality of nozzles; When this checkout gear detects these a plurality of nozzles when an abnormal nozzle is wherein arranged, this ink-jet compensate control apparatus can be chosen a normal nozzles group according to the position of this abnormal nozzle, this normal nozzles group comprises a plurality of normal nozzles, but do not comprise this abnormal nozzle, this ink-jet compensate control apparatus can be controlled this normal nozzles group's the quantity of ink that nozzle sprayed, to enlarge the area of this normal nozzles ink-jet point that the group is formed.
2. ink-jet printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein these a plurality of nozzle arrangement become a parallel columns.
3. ink-jet printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein these a plurality of nozzle arrangement become a plurality of parallel columns, and each parallel columns all includes a plurality of nozzles.
4. ink-jet printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein this ink-jet printer is electrically connected on a computer, and this computer includes a driver, is used for controlling this ink-jet compensate control apparatus, so that this ink gun is printed this document with this normal nozzles group.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN 01112343 CN1248854C (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2001-04-02 | Ink jet printer with nozzle compensation function |
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CN 01112343 Division CN1248854C (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2001-04-02 | Ink jet printer with nozzle compensation function |
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CN100396490C true CN100396490C (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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CN 01112343 Expired - Fee Related CN1248854C (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2001-04-02 | Ink jet printer with nozzle compensation function |
CNB2005100592698A Expired - Fee Related CN100396490C (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2001-04-02 | Ink-jet printer having nozzle abnormal compensating function |
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Cited By (2)
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US11285734B2 (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2022-03-29 | Shenzhen Hosonsoft Co., Ltd | Compensation method and device for nozzle abnormality, and printer |
US11559988B2 (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2023-01-24 | Senda (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd. | Compensation method and device for nozzle in inkjet printer and inkjet printer |
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KR100833232B1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2008-05-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Ink jet image forming apparatus, and Method for compensating defective nozzle thereof |
US7753466B2 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2010-07-13 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Device for manufacturing color printing and method using same |
JP6080373B2 (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2017-02-15 | 株式会社ミマキエンジニアリング | Inkjet recording method and recording apparatus |
DE102014219965A1 (en) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-04-07 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method for compensating failed nozzles in inkjet printing systems |
US20180297382A1 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2018-10-18 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Page gap nozzle spitting |
CN108327403B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-06-11 | 森大(深圳)技术有限公司 | More spray nozzle abnormal compensating method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium |
CN108357208B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-08-09 | 森大(深圳)技术有限公司 | Adjust method, apparatus, equipment and the medium of pre-press data compensation abnormal nozzle |
CN108327404B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-06-04 | 森大(深圳)技术有限公司 | Printer nozzle abnormal compensating method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium |
CN111301021A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 顺启和(深圳)科技有限公司 | Jet printing method and jet printing system for implementing same |
CN111572197B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 深圳市汉森软件有限公司 | Single-stroke printing method, device, equipment and medium capable of compensating abnormal nozzle |
CN114103453B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-07-12 | 北京博示电子科技有限责任公司 | Printing method and device based on ink-jet printer, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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US5534895A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-07-09 | Xerox Corporation | Electronic auto-correction of misaligned segmented printbars |
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US11285734B2 (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2022-03-29 | Shenzhen Hosonsoft Co., Ltd | Compensation method and device for nozzle abnormality, and printer |
US11559988B2 (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2023-01-24 | Senda (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd. | Compensation method and device for nozzle in inkjet printer and inkjet printer |
Also Published As
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CN1657292A (en) | 2005-08-24 |
CN1377773A (en) | 2002-11-06 |
CN1248854C (en) | 2006-04-05 |
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