CN100395369C - Super hard no-Co high speed steel - Google Patents
Super hard no-Co high speed steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN100395369C CN100395369C CNB2005100096734A CN200510009673A CN100395369C CN 100395369 C CN100395369 C CN 100395369C CN B2005100096734 A CNB2005100096734 A CN B2005100096734A CN 200510009673 A CN200510009673 A CN 200510009673A CN 100395369 C CN100395369 C CN 100395369C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to super-hard no-Co high-speed steel which contains the following components by weight percentage: 1.00 to 1.20 wt% of carbon, 6.50 to 7.50 wt% of tungsten, 3.50 to 5.00 wt% of molybdenum, 3.50 to 4.50 wt% of chromium, 1.60 to 2.20 wt% of vanadium, 0.60 to 1.20 wt% of silicon, 0.20 to 0.60 wt% of manganese, 0.04 to 0.10 wt% of nitrogen and Ferrum as the allowance. The present invention has the characteristics that the product contains no-Co while the performance level approximates or reaches that of Co-containing high-speed steel and reaches or exceeds that of no-Co super-hard high-speed steel M2Al; the performance of the production process is finer, the heat processing degradability and the heat treatment process are better than that of the Co-containing high-speed steel and the M2Al, the product yield is the highest in super-hard high-speed steel, and the cost is the lowest in super-hard high-speed steel.
Description
(1) technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of steel, specifically a kind of superhard rapid steel.
(2) background technology
Rapid steel is divided into universal and superhard, and patent of the present invention belongs to the super hard no-Co type.Universally be used for making general general various cutters, and superhard is used to make the cutting tool of high-performance, long lifetime, high-speed and precision, multiple-cutting-edge, moulding.For superalloy, high temperature steel, high carbon bearing steel and High Strength Structural Steel etc., many materials with higher hardness, because its difficulty of processing is big, require the cutter material high comprehensive performance, especially firmly should reach HRC67-70 (universal HRC62-66), process above-mentioned difficult-to-machine material and must use the superhard speedy steel cutting-tool, concluding domestic and international application has two big classes the most widely:
1, contain the Co class, representative grade of steel: among the U.S. ASTM600-99:
M42(W
2Mo
9Cr
4VCo
8) M41(W
7Mo
4Cr
4V
2Co
5)
M36(W
6Mo
5Cr
4V
2Co
8) M35(W
6Mo
5Cr
4V
2Co
5)
Contain Co class rapid steel and have good superhard property, red hardness, grindability, domestic also production already, but, especially contain the Co amount more than 5% because its hot-workability is poor, processing performance is bad, problems such as C are taken off in easy oxidation, makes the rate of steel products produced to steel ingots and cutter yield rate very low, Co is strategic short goods and materials, current price is 440,000 yuan/ton at present, and high price is expensive, causes the steel product cost height, price is expensive, is difficult to apply.
2, no Co class, representative grade of steel: among the Chinese GB/T9943-88:
M
2Al (W
6Mo
5Cr
4V
2Al) be to add 1%Al on the basis of M2 steel in U.S. ASTMA600-99.
The super hard no-Co high speed steel of China's development, good use properties is arranged, be subjected to very much user's welcome, but Metallurgical Factory suffers deeply, generally just be reluctant to produce, reason is that processing performance is bad in Metallurgical Factory's production process, Al fusing point low (660 ℃ ±), easily oxidation, scaling loss, generate a large amount of oxide compounds after adding Al in the steelmaking process, make Al recovery rate shakiness, influence the stability of finished product chemical ingredients, be dissolved in numerous Al in the steel
2O
3Inclusion, surface of steel ingot is bad, is difficult for reconditioning, and C is taken off in the easy oxidation of steel, and reconditioning quality is big, and lumber recovery is low, to making cost be higher than M
2Steel.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of performance level to be bordering on and reach to contain the Co rapid steel, meet or exceed super hard no-Co rapid steel M
2Al, and production technique excellent property, hot-workability, thermal treatment process are better than containing Co rapid steel and M
2Al, lumber recovery is the highest in the superhard rapid steel, the super hard no-Co high speed steel that cost is minimum.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: its weight ratio consists of: the iron of carbon 1.00-1.20%, tungsten 6.50-7.50%, molybdenum 3.50-5.00%, chromium 3.50-4.50%, vanadium 1.60-2.20%, silicon 0.60-1.20%, manganese 0.20-0.60%, nitrogen 0.04-0.10% and surplus.
The present invention is positioned super hard no-Co high speed steel, is because do not contain Co in the product of the present invention, and performance level is bordering on and reach and contain the Co rapid steel, meets or exceeds super hard no-Co rapid steel M
2Al, and production technique excellent property, hot-workability, thermal treatment process are better than containing Co rapid steel and M
2Al, lumber recovery is the highest in the superhard rapid steel, and cost is minimum.
The present invention compared with prior art major advantage is embodied in:
Can 1, why do not contain Co in the product of the present invention be bordering on and reach that to contain the Co molten steel flat? improve Si content and add the new highlight that N is a product of the present invention, can reach the effect of getting twice the result with half the effort with Si, N replaced C o.Si extensively exists at the earth, and aboundresources, FeSi are the most cheap in the iron alloy, can significantly reduce cost and saves the Co of a large amount of costlinesses.
It is poor to contain Co rapid steel thermoplasticity, Co content is high more, difficult more processing, lumber recovery is low more, and patent of the present invention does not contain Co and is easy to produce, and hot-workability, processing performance, steel ingot lumber recovery and cutter yield rate all are better than containing the Co class, under our times Co shortage situation, save resource, reduce cost, putting out a new product has more economy and strategic importance.
2, patent of the present invention reaches and surpasses super hard no-Co rapid steel M
2Al quality level, and overcome and fallen M
2The Al processing performance is bad, numerous Al
2O
3Inclusion is difficult to eliminate, and surface of steel ingot is bad, and lumber recovery is low, and C is taken off in the easy oxidation of steel, shortcomings such as cost height.
The major technique of patent of the present invention is characterized by:
1, starting material continue to appreciate at present, Market competition, and price high user do not accept, high-performance of the present invention, cheap, cost is a grade of steel minimum in the superhard rapid steel.
Be beneficial to operation when 2, smelting, chemical ingredients is easy to control, guarantees that the finished product result is stable.
3, processing performance is good: be easy to forging, rolling, hot candied, and be difficult for taking off C, the lumber recovery height.
4, grindability, intensity, toughness, red hardness all are not less than M
2, M
2Al.
5, the low HRC67 of tempered-hardness that quenches.
Product composition design of the present invention, roman scheme and theoretical foundation:
1, patent of the present invention is defined as W-Mo system, and W, Mo are the bioelements of rapid steel, can form carbide with C, is the principal element that forms carbide.The rapid steel feature contains a large amount of carbide exactly, because of being dissolved in the matrix, separates out the carbide that small and dispersed distributes when tempering when quenching, thereby plays effects such as improving hardness, red hardness, hot hardness.The effect of 1%W and 2%Mo is suitable in steel, therefore can change W, Mo proportioning by this relation in certain scope, and not change the performance of steel substantially.Suitable according to practical experience: W, Mo proportioning, W-Mo system is a good combination property than single W system or Mo, so guaranteeing to save resource as possible under the over-all properties prerequisite, reduce cost, determines tungsten equivalent (W+2Mo)=15.
2, Cr is an important element in the rapid steel, and the mechanism of action is: a part of Cr is under quenching, Annealed Strip, and solid solution is in carbide and matrix, play the solution strengthening effect, most of Cr and C formation carbide, and can guarantee the hardening capacity of rapid steel, anti-oxidant, erosion resistance etc.But when Cr is too high, thermoplasticity is had detrimentally affect, thus patent of the present invention routinely the content unification be 4%.
3, V is a carbide forming element important in the rapid steel, and V and C bonding force are very strong, easily generates VC type carbide, and particle is tiny, and disperse can be controlled the grain fineness number of steel when quenching in steel, crystal grain thinning, and can improve wear resistance, high-temperature behavior.But V content surpasses at 2% o'clock, will reduce the grindability of steel, make cutter be difficult to grinding, so patent add-on of the present invention is no more than 2%.
4, Si does not have certain content as principal element in steel, can play good desoxydatoin, [FeO]+Si → [Fe]+(SiO
2), gas is mingled with content in the minimizing steel.Si has been widely used in spring steel, structure iron etc. as principal element, and the existing part grade of steel of rapid steel is used, and patent of the present invention improves Si content and adds the new highlight that N is this grade of steel in the high alloy rapid steel.
Improve Si content and can in rapid steel, reduce bulk and bar-shaped carbide: form when impelling solidification of molten steel to the deleterious M of performance
2C is decomposed into M when heating once more
6C, MC, promptly
The refinement carbide improves toughness.
Si during supersaturated carburizing, forms carbide and nitride tiny and that be evenly distributed at cementation zone: SiC, Si in steel
3N
4, the hardness when improving red hardness and quenching, the proeutectoid carbide of separating out during the refinement tempering raises tempered-hardness, significantly improves age hardening effect, thereby improves cutting ability and grindability energy, and 1%Si is the effect of 2%Co quite.
5, the effect of N in rapid steel is similar to C, can replace a part of C, when adding rapid steel behind the N and heating once more, can promote M2C type eutectic carbides to decompose and change M6C, MC into, the identical functions with Si is arranged, improve hardness, red hardness, toughness, and can improve quenching temperature, reduce superheated susceptivity, thereby improve the performance of steel, improve cutting ability.
Mainly Cr, V, Si absorption of N in rapid steel, form the tiny nitride of disperse, be present in the double carbide, the a part of C atom of displacement in double carbide, and form the prussiate phase, and another part is dissolved in the austenite, because N has increased prussiate phase and nitride, effectively stop grain growth, but crystal grain thinning contains 0.04%N and just can improve the tempered-hardness HRC0.5-1.0. that quenches in the Finished Steel
6, Mn has certain content to play desoxydatoin in steel: [FeO]+Mn → [Fe]+[MnO], reduce gas, inclusion in the steel.Have enough Mn can eliminate the deleterious effect of S, promptly the red brittleness of S improves thermoplasticity, makes low-melting FeS (985 ℃) become dystectic MnS (1620 ℃): [FeS]+Mn → [Fe]+(MnS).Mn deleterious one side in rapid steel is similar to Ni, can increase the retained austenite amount, increase the difficulty of tempering process process, superheated susceptivity is big, grain growth when excessive Mn can promote heating, it is obvious that content surpasses 0.6% o'clock harmful effect, mainly reduced hot hardness, therefore Mn can not too improve in rapid steel, general≤0.40% in China's standard.Improving thermoplastic best approach is to reduce S content in the steel, and S is low more good more, improves Mn slightly, makes Mn/S 〉=40, significantly improves plasticity, and this patent can reach.
7, C is necessary in the rapid steel, is topmost element, and elements such as C and W, Mo, Cr, V form double carbide, improve hardness, red hardness, wear resistance etc. by these double carbides.C is low can to make these elements can not fully form carbide, and the waste resource reduces performance again.Increase C and can improve hardness, if the too high matrix that is dissolved in, C too much can make toughness descend, and increases fragility, the easy tipping of cutter, so patent of the present invention adopts advanced C, N saturation computation method to determine appropriate C content, presses the calculating of steven formula:
(1) limit balance C value in:
CP＝0.033W+0.063Mo+0.06Cr+0.2V
＝1.129
(2) limit C, N intensity value in:
Thereby determine grade of steel C content range of the present invention at 1.00-1.20%, in this scope, can guarantee enough once, proeutectoid carbide, guarantee that the over-all propertieies such as hardness, red hardness, hot hardness, wear resistance, toughness of steel are good.
(4) specific embodiments
For a more detailed description to the present invention for example below:
According to following table ingredients listed scope preparation raw material:
| Grade of steel | C | W | Mo | Cr | V | Si | Mn | N |
| YLHSSW7 | 1.00/ 1.20 | 6.50/ 7.50 | 3.50/ 5.00 | 3.50/ 4.50 | 1.60/ 2.20 | 0.60/ 1.20 | 0.20/ 0.60 | 0.04/ 0.10 |
Preparation of raw material well after, smelt according to the method for electric arc furnace smelting and to make the superhard rapid steel.
Claims (1)
1. super hard no-Co high speed steel, it is characterized in that: its weight ratio consists of: the iron of carbon 1.00-1.20%, tungsten 6.50-7.50%, molybdenum 3.50-5.00%, chromium 3.50-4.50%, vanadium 1.60-2.20%, silicon 0.60-1.20%, manganese 0.20-0.60%, nitrogen 0.04-0.10% and surplus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100096734A CN100395369C (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2005-01-28 | Super hard no-Co high speed steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100096734A CN100395369C (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2005-01-28 | Super hard no-Co high speed steel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1811003A CN1811003A (en) | 2006-08-02 |
| CN100395369C true CN100395369C (en) | 2008-06-18 |
Family
ID=36844118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100096734A Expired - Fee Related CN100395369C (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2005-01-28 | Super hard no-Co high speed steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100395369C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102586689A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-18 | 大连裕龙高速钢有限公司 | Preparation method of high-toughness Co-free superhard high-speed steel |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0841593A (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1996-02-13 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | High speed tool steel for precision casting |
| JPH0978199A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-03-25 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Cold tool steel with high hardness and high toughness |
| JPH116042A (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 1999-01-12 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | High speed tool steel improved in hot workability, and its production |
-
2005
- 2005-01-28 CN CNB2005100096734A patent/CN100395369C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0841593A (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1996-02-13 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | High speed tool steel for precision casting |
| JPH0978199A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-03-25 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Cold tool steel with high hardness and high toughness |
| JPH116042A (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 1999-01-12 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | High speed tool steel improved in hot workability, and its production |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1811003A (en) | 2006-08-02 |
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