CN100393016C - Automatic control method and device for multiple pump Raman amplifier gain - Google Patents
Automatic control method and device for multiple pump Raman amplifier gain Download PDFInfo
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- CN100393016C CN100393016C CNB031159699A CN03115969A CN100393016C CN 100393016 C CN100393016 C CN 100393016C CN B031159699 A CNB031159699 A CN B031159699A CN 03115969 A CN03115969 A CN 03115969A CN 100393016 C CN100393016 C CN 100393016C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to dense wavelength division multiplexing in the field of optical communication and provides a method for automatically controlling the gain spectrum of a distributed Raman amplifier and a device for executing the method. The method comprises the following steps that the initial value of pump power is set; signal power spectrum scan is executed; the progressive control of signal average power and signal gain spectrum slope is executed till the requirements of power control are satisfied. The device comprises an amplifier with a plurality of pump lasers, an optical coupler, an optical detector, a control system and an outer communication interface. The present invention can automatically realize the constraint of the gain spectrum, does not need to carry out substantive tests to gain properties of optical cables and conforms to the operation and the maintenance requirements of online equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM) optical communication field in the optical communication field, specifically, relate to the device of wherein composing autocontrol method and implementing this method about multi-pumping Raman (Raman) Amplifier Gain.
Background technology
In dense wavelength division multiplexing system, in order to extend transmission distance, need to use the image intensifer device, wherein a kind of is raman amplifier, it is with in the powerful pump light feed-in optical fiber, utilize stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effect in the optical fiber, make pump energy transfer to, realize the amplification of flashlight than in the long flashlight of its ripple.
In the optical fiber of particular types, the relation of pump energy and gain as shown in Figure 1, the pumping light power of specific wavelength represents with P0, and the gain spectral g0 that this specific wavelength pump light forms is with wavelength change, and yield value presents fixing relation with distance with respect to pumping wavelength.The sphere of action broad of raman amplifier is fit to Wave division multiplexing optical transmission system.Select suitable pumping wavelength, can make the optimum gain zone of raman amplifier be positioned at needed operating wave strong point.
Under certain channel spacing situation, optical channel quantity is many more, and the bandwidth that takies is wide more.But because gain spectral (shown in the g0) unevenness that the single wavelength pump light forms, so the pump light acting in conjunction of generally using a plurality of wavelength is in the wave-length coverage of signal work, to realize that the signal in the broad wavelength region may amplifies, the amplification effect that guarantees whole service aisles acquisitions is close, promptly satisfies the flatness requirement of gain spectral.
When using the pumping of a plurality of wavelength, under suitable pump power distribution condition, gain spectral has best flatness; When pump power changes, can cause the inclination of gain spectrum.Fig. 2 .1 and 2.2 pumpings with two wavelength are example, it is the gain spectral schematic diagram that the wave band with the 1550nm center is amplified, in Fig. 2 .1, power P 1 effect of first pumping wavelength forms gain spectral g1 down, power P 2 effects of second pumping wavelength form gain spectral g2 down, the result of the two accumulation is overall gain spectrum gt, and reasonably the pump power distribution can make overall gain spectrum gt have best flatness, and the gain Pu presents level.In Fig. 2 .2, change two pumping light powers and be respectively P1 ' and P2 ', the gain spectral that the two effect forms down is respectively g1 ' and g2 ', is accumulated as overall gain spectrum gt '.Gain spectral under two pumping wavelength power acting in conjunction this moment has the average gain identical with gt, and different with gt is to have certain slope.
Therefore, the gain spectral of pump laser is relevant with its power output, changes the power output of each wavelength pump laser, and the gain spectral that is obtained can change.Under the average gain condition of determining, best gain spectrum flattening is corresponding to fixed pump Pu power division ratio.Sometimes, multi-pumping Raman amplifier is applied in the system, needs gain spectrum to have to a certain degree gap tilt effect, so that compensate some disadvantageous transmission effects.
In addition, the gain spectral of pump laser is also relevant with the type of optical fiber, and different optical fiber has SRS effect in various degree, the signal gain difference that causes identical pumping power output to obtain in different optical fiber.
When using raman amplifier in dwdm system, the power output that needs to regulate each pumping meets application need up to the signal light power that obtains and the flat gain (or gain spectral slope) of each channel.Achieve this end, need plant maintenance personnel pair amplifier to regulate repeatedly, the difficulty of plant maintenance and debugging is higher, and is more all the more so in pumping quantity.
U.S. Pat 6417959 " Raman fiber amplifier " and Chinese patent CN1334484 " raman amplifier " disclose a kind of raman amplifier that uses many pump lasers to form, the main optics of describing raman amplifier is formed, though also having mentioned control device controls pump laser, so that adjusting gain spectral, but the formation of undeclared control device, the also undeclared quantizating index that obtains by the feedback test device generates control data through which kind of compute mode, to reach the purpose that gain spectral is regulated.
European patent EP 1182808 " Optical amplifier with pump light source control forraman amplification " has been announced a kind of control method of raman amplifier pumping light power, it is foundation that this method adopts the multiple signals relevant with performance number with the pump light number of wavelengths to detect, data source and parsing means obtain pump laser power division value by experiment, and then realization power control, its gain control method more complicated, especially need to carry out substantive test in advance and obtain to control foundation, be not easy to engineering application.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to propose a kind of gain spectral autocontrol method of how pumped distributed raman amplifier, it is difficult to overcome the multi-pumping Raman amplifier Configuration Online and regulate gain, and artificial online adjusting is easy to change flat gain, problem that adjustment process is loaded down with trivial details.Main points are the quantizating index that obtains by the feedback test device generates control data through which kind of compute mode, to reach the self-regulating purpose of gain spectral.
The invention allows for the device of implementing said method, can carry out the multi-pumping Raman amplifier of automatic controlling method for gain, at multi-pumping Raman amplifier oppositely and two kinds of applicable cases of forward, proposed to realize the apparatus structure of above-mentioned autocontrol method respectively.
Multi-pumping Raman amplifier gain autocontrol method among the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1.1 the pump power initial value is set;
1.2 implement power spectrum signal scanning;
1.3 implement the progressive control of average power signal, require up to satisfying power control: | P-Pt|＜Δ p, wherein, P is the passage average power, Pt passage average power target, Δ p is the skew thresholding of passage average power;
1.4 implement the progressive control of signal gain spectrum slope, require up to satisfying slope control: | S-St|＜Δ s, wherein S is the average gain slope, and St is the slope target, and Δ s is gain spectral G-bar skew thresholding;
Require whether still to satisfy 1.5 judge power control this moment, if not, get back to step 1.3; If finish.
In such scheme:
In the step 1.1 initial value is set, desirable less pump power values is as initial value under the device start situation; Desirable in other cases pumping work at present power is initial value.
Enforcement power spectrum signal scanning in the step 1.2 comprises that utilization current demand signal power spectrum calculates passage average power P and average gain slope S.
Process in the step 1.3 comprises following iterative process, and default following auxiliary variable: iteration conventional number variable J=0 is set, and primary iteration step-length variable Δ is a smaller power value, error variance A=0, then
4.1 establish A '=A, calculate A=P-Pt, judge that satisfying gain controlling requires | P-Pt |＜Δ p? if, then enter step 1.4, if not, then entered for the 4.2nd step.
4.2 establish the error change condition be: J=0, or A '/A＞1, if this error condition satisfies, then enter step 4.3 step, do not enter 4.4 steps of step the;
4.3 each pump power upgrades.If the pumping light power of N wavelength is Pp=[P
1, P
2..., P
N], pumping light power upgrades and to be set to: the Pp=Pp+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
1Δ, (k
1＞1); Pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1;
4.4 each pump power upgrades.If the pumping light power of N wavelength is Pp=[P
1, P
2..., P
N], pumping light power upgrades and to be set to: the Pp=Pp+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
2Δ, (1＜k
2＜0), pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1;
4.5 signal power detects, obtaining has the channel power spectrum in fact, and calculates passage average power P, and the average gain slope S enters step 4.1 then.
Process in the step 1.4 comprises following iterative process, and default following auxiliary variable: iteration conventional number variable J=0 is set, and primary iteration step-length variable Δ is a smaller power value, error variance B=0, then
5.1 pumping wavelength sequence number i=1;
5.2 establish B '=B, calculate B=S-St and satisfy slope control requirement | S-St|＜Δ s? if then enter step 1.5 step, otherwise enter 5.3;
5.3 error in judgement changes | B '-B | whether＜δ satisfies, if, then enter 5.4, if not, then enter 5.5;
5.4 step pumping wavelength sequence number i=i+1 (getting i=i-N when i＞N) is provided with iteration conventional number variable J=0, primary iteration step-length variable Δ is a smaller power value,
5.5 the step error in judgement changes J=0, or whether B '/B＞1 is satisfied, if, entered for 5.6 steps, if not, then enter 5.7;
5.6 pumping wavelength i power is updated to: P
i=P
i+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
1Δ, (k
1＞1); Pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1;
5.7 pumping wavelength i power is updated to: P
i=P
i+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
2Δ, (1＜k
2＜0), pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1;
5.8 power spectrum signal scanning, obtaining has the channel power spectrum in fact, and calculates passage average power P, and the average gain slope S enters 5.2 then.
Device among the present invention can carry out the multi-pumping Raman amplifier of automatic controlling method for gain, includes the amplifier of a plurality of pump lasers, optical coupler, photodetector, control system and external communication interface; The luminous power that pump power output optical fibre interface sends is through behind the described amplifier, export described optical coupler to, the small amount of optical power of coupling enters described photodetector, and through detecting the Output optical power spectrum that obtains described optical coupler, the spectrum data enter described control system; Performance numbers such as described control system utilization gained luminous power spectrum data computation optical channel average light power, gain spectral G-bar, with be kept at its inner luminous power desired value, gain spectral G-bar desired value is compared, by analysis, calculate control data, form control signal and deliver to described amplifier, regulate the pumping light power value, external communication interface can be accepted outside instruction.
To reversed distributed, described amplifier comprises wave multiplexer and pump laser array, and described control system comprises cpu system and multichannel DA transducer, multiple signals amplifier; The light signal that pump power output optical fibre interface sends, through described wave multiplexer port a input, port b exports described optical coupler to, multiple signals amplifier in the described control system will be composed data will export light through wave multiplexer 11 port c input through described pump laser array, port a output, along entering Transmission Fibers in the opposite direction, be that gain media amplifies signal with the Transmission Fibers with side signal transmission; Described photodetector detects the luminous power spectrum, and the spectroscopic data that obtains enters the cpu system in the described control system; Described cpu system with indexs such as signal calculated average power Pt and gain spectral G-bar St after, the iteration control process generates control data, and deliver to described multichannel DA transducer, after forming analog signal current, through the described multiple signals amplifier array that has been connected to pump laser in the described amplifier; Cpu system in the described control system links to each other with external communication interface, so that accept the relevant instruction and data of control.
Distributed to forward, described amplifier comprises wave multiplexer and pump laser array, and described control system comprises two cpu systems that lay respectively at the upstream and downstream node, two routing forwarding devices that lay respectively at the upstream and downstream node, multichannel DA transducer, multiple signals amplifier; Light signal is through described wave multiplexer port b input, and port c output enters Transmission Fibers through pump power output optical fibre interface and transmits, up to arriving downstream node through signal output optical fibre interface; Described pump laser array will be exported light through described wave multiplexer port c input, and port a output along entering Transmission Fibers with side signal transmission to identical direction, is that gain media amplifies signal with the Transmission Fibers; Described optical coupler is positioned at downstream node, to detect light and send into described photodetector, described photodetector detects the luminous power spectrum, the spectroscopic data that obtains enters the cpu system of downstream node in the described control system, after the indexs such as this cpu system signal calculated average power Pt and gain spectral G-bar St, the iteration control process generates control data, deliver to the routing forwarding device of downstream node, arrive the routing forwarding device that is positioned at upstream node through the control signal transmission path, this routing forwarding device sends to control data the cpu system that is positioned at upstream node, export described multichannel DA transducer again to, after forming analog signal current, be connected to described pump laser array through described multiple signals amplifier; The cpu system of downstream node links to each other with external communication interface in the described control system, so that accept the relevant instruction and data of control.
Gain adjusting method therefore of the present invention compared with prior art, obtained the progress of raman amplifier application controls mode in the optical communication equipment, automatically realize the gain spectral constraint, need not in advance optical cable gain attribute to be carried out substantive test, meet online equipment operating and maintenance requirements.Especially aspect following three: one, be applicable to the fiber medium of any attribute, when device start, device of the present invention can be realized gain spectral preset automatically by method of work of the present invention; Two, under equipment running status, when needs change the gain spectral characteristic, only need assign the index instruction that comprises average power signal and gain spectral G-bar to device of the present invention, device of the present invention promptly realizes regulating target automatically by method of work of the present invention, does not need the artificially respectively a plurality of pumpings to be regulated repeatedly; Three, at circuit optical fiber during because of environmental impact generation change at random, device of the present invention has adaptation function, can realize output signal power spectrum state constraint automatically by method of work of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the relation principle figure between pump energy and the Raman gain;
Fig. 2 .1 and 2.2 is relation principle figure of many pump powers and overall gain spectrum;
Fig. 3 is amplifier architecture and the feedback control principle figure among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the gain spectral control method among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the progressive control flow of average power signal;
Fig. 6 is the progressive control flow of gain spectral G-bar;
Fig. 7 .1 to 7.4 is pump power control situation maps;
Fig. 8 is the reversed distributed multi-pumping Raman amplifier structure drawing of device that the automatic controlled function of gain spectral is arranged;
Fig. 9 is the distributed multi-pumping Raman amplifier structure drawing of device of forward that the automatic controlled function of gain spectral is arranged;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.The corresponding relation of the object of each mark and its expression is among the figure:
P0: pump power;
G0: the gain spectral that under pump power P0 effect, forms;
P1: the power of first pumping wavelength;
P2: the power of second pumping wavelength;
G1: the gain spectral that first pumping wavelength power P 1 effect forms down;
G2: second gain spectral that 2 effects of pumping wavelength power P form down;
Gt: the gain spectral under the acting in conjunction of two pumping wavelength power has best flatness;
P1 ': the power of first pumping wavelength, compare with P1 and to change;
P2 ': the power of second pumping wavelength, compare with P2 and to change;
G1 ': the gain spectral that first pumping wavelength power P 1 effect forms down;
G2 ': second gain spectral that 2 effects of pumping wavelength power P form down;
Gt ': the gain spectral under the acting in conjunction of two pumping wavelength power has needed gain spectral slope;
1: amplifier
11: wave multiplexer
12: the pump laser array
2: the direction of transfer of light
3: coupler
4: photodetector
5: control system
The 51:CPU system
52: multichannel DA transducer
53: the multiple signals amplifier
54: routing forwarding device 1 (at downstream node)
55: routing forwarding device 2 (at upstream node)
56:CPU system (at upstream node)
6: external communication interface
7: as the Transmission Fibers of gain media
8: pump power output optical fibre interface
9: signal output optical fibre interface
10: the control signal transfer path
JP1, JP2 ..., JPN: pump laser 1,2 ..., the drive terminal of N;
D41: detector control signal wire
D42: detector data output signal line
D51: control data output signal line
If real have the channel power stave to be shown:
P ([λ
1, λ
2..., λ
M])=[p
1, p
2..., p
M] (formula 1)
Its passage average power is P, has
P=∑ p
i/ M (formula 2)
Calculate its average gain slope according to all square matches (do not get rid of and use other approximating methods) and be S, have
S=(M * ∑ λ
ip
i-∑ λ
i* ∑ p
i)/(M * ∑ λ
i 2-∑
2λ
i) (formula 3)
Corresponding to average gain Gt, the passage average power target is Pt, and the slope target is St, and the amplifier gain spectrum quiescent conditions of control automatically is:
| P-Pt |＜Δ p (formula 4)
| S-St |＜Δ s (formula 5)
In the formula, Δ p is the skew thresholding of passage average power, and Δ s is gain spectral G-bar skew thresholding.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of gain spectral control method of the present invention:
Beginning.This process starts under following three kinds of situations, one, when device start, two, under equipment running status, when controller obtains to comprise the index instruction of average power signal Pt and gain spectral G-bar St through the external control interface circuit, three, at circuit optical fiber during because of environmental impact generation change at random, when causing formula 4 or formula 5 not to be satisfied.
1.1 the pump power initial value is set, and desirable less pump power values is as initial value under the device start situation; Desirable in other cases pumping work at present power is initial value.
1.2 implement power spectrum signal scanning, utilization current demand signal power spectrum calculates passage average power P (formula 2), average gain slope S (formula 3).
Progressive 1.3 gain.Controller continues to send control data, and driving amplifier pump laser variable power is met up to formula 4.The embodiment of this step is seen Fig. 5.
1.4 the gain spectral G-bar is progressive, controller continues to send control data, and driving amplifier pump laser variable power is met up to formula 5.The embodiment of this step is seen Fig. 6.
1.5, therefore must rejudge and satisfy gain controlling requirement (formula 4) because of the adjusting in the 4.5th step may cause the 1.3rd step joint result destroyed? be, then this control process finishes, otherwise, entering for the 1.3rd step, progressive control again gains.
1.6 when formula 4 and formula 5 all were met, this computing and control process finished.After process finished, controller still can periodically be gathered spectroscopic data, and calculates, and during because of environmental impact generation change at random, started the above-mentioned progress of work at circuit optical fiber when causing formula 4 or formula 5 not to be satisfied.Controller also needs periodically to visit external control interface, starts the above-mentioned progress of work when the gain spectral regulating command is arranged.
Fig. 5 is the progressive control flow of average power signal, as the embodiment in the 1.3rd step shown in Figure 4.Wherein,
Starting point derives from 1.2 or 1.5; Before the beginning iteration, at first need default following auxiliary variable: iteration conventional number variable J=0 is set, and primary iteration step-length variable Δ is a smaller power value, error variance A=0.
The 4.1st step: establish A '=A, calculate A=P-Pt, judge that satisfying gain controlling requires (formula 4)? if then entered for the 3.5th step, then entered for the 4.2nd step if not.
The 4.2nd step: error in judgement changes (formula 6), is then to enter for the 4.3rd step, does not enter for the 4.4th step;
If the error change condition is:
J=0, or A '/A＞1 (formula 6)
The 4.3rd step: each pump power upgrades.If the pumping light power of N wavelength is Pp=[P
1, P
2..., P
N], pumping light power upgrades and is set to:
Pp=Pp+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
1Δ, (k
1＞1) (formula 7)
Pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1.
The 4.4th step: each pump power upgrades.If the pumping light power of N wavelength is Pp=[P
1, P
2..., P
N], pumping light power upgrades and is set to:
Pp=Pp+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
2Δ, (1＜k
2＜0) (formula 8)
Pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1.
The 4.5th step: signal power detects, and obtains to have in fact channel power spectrum (formula 1), and calculates passage average power P (formula 2), and average gain slope S (formula 3) entered for the 4.1st step then.
Fig. 6 is the progressive control flow of gain spectral G-bar, as the embodiment in the 1.4th step shown in Figure 4.Wherein
Starting point derives from 1.3, and before beginning iteration certainly, at first need default following auxiliary variable: iteration conventional number variable J=0 is set, and primary iteration step-length variable Δ is a smaller power value, error variance B=0.
The 5.1st step: pumping wavelength sequence number i=1
The 5.2nd step: establish B '=B, calculate B=S-St and satisfy slope control requirement (formula 5)? be then to enter for the 1.5th step, otherwise entered for the 5.3rd step
The 5.3rd step: error in judgement changes (formula 9), is then to enter 5.4, otherwise advances 5.5
| B '-B |＜δ (formula 9)
The 5.4th step: pumping wavelength sequence number i=i+1 (getting i=i-N when i＞N) is provided with iteration conventional number variable J=0, and primary iteration step-length variable Δ is a smaller power value,
The 5.5th step: error in judgement changes (formula 10), is to enter for the 5.6th step, otherwise enters for the 5.7th step;
J=0, or B '/B＞1 (formula 10)
The 5.6th step: pumping wavelength i power upgrades (formula 11)
P
i=P
i+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
1Δ, (k
1＞1) (formula 11)
Pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1.
The 5.7th step: pumping wavelength i power upgrades (formula 12)
P
i=P
i+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
2Δ, (1＜k
2＜0) (formula 12)
Pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1.
The 5.8th step: power spectrum signal scanning, obtain to have in fact channel power spectrum (formula 1), and calculate passage average power P (formula 2), average gain slope S (formula 3) entered for the 5.2nd step then.
Fig. 7 .1 to 7.4 is pump power control situation maps.Wherein 7.1 expression pump powers distribute initial value, and the 7.2 expression first steps: it is progressive to gain, and 7.3 represented for second step: slope is progressive, and 7.4 expressions realization the best after N step control is approached; Pumping with 2 wavelength realizes that best flatness is adjusted to example, expressed the power division curve of pumping wavelength 1 and pumping wavelength 2 among the figure, correspondence and certain specific yield value, curve 1 and curve 2 pairing luminous powers are for realizing the pumping light power value of best flatness gain.The luminous power initial value of pumping 1 and pumping 2 is respectively P1 (0) and P2 (0).With the pairing average signal signal light power of target gain GT is target, according to algorithm shown in Figure 5, through iteration control, makes pumping 1 and pumping 2 obtain new performance number P1 (1) and P2 (1).With the target slope is target, regulate the pump laser of 2 wavelength respectively, through iteration control, make pumping 1 and pumping 2 obtain new performance number P1 (2) and P2 (2), ..., after N step control, final P1 as a result (N) and P2 (N) have realized two class constraintss of formula 4 and formula 5 defineds, have realized that the best approaches.
Implement the structure of device of gain adjusting method therefore of the present invention and principle as shown in Figure 3, include the amplifier 1 of a plurality of pump lasers, optical coupler 3, photodetector 4, control system 5 and external communication interface 6.Behind the luminous power process amplifier 2 of direction 2 transmission, export optical coupler 3 to, the small amount of optical power of coupling enters photodetector 4, through detecting the Output optical power spectrum that obtains amplifier 3, composes data and enters controller 5.Performance numbers such as controller utilization gained luminous power spectrum data computation optical channel average light power, gain spectral G-bar, with be kept at its inner luminous power desired value, gain spectral G-bar desired value is compared, by analysis, calculate control data, form control signal and deliver to amplifier, regulate the pumping light power value.More than each functional unit form and detect and control loop.
After start, more than each functional unit move incessantly, in case detect the gained luminous power spectrum data value of departing from objectives, promptly realize effectively adjusting automatically, up to satisfying the desired value requirement.Unless controller is externally static under the command request.
But controller 5 is by the commands for controlling of external control interface 6 receiving device outsides.By commands for controlling can operation control enable/static; Can accept the default configuration data; Can also obtain relevant average power signal and gain spectral G-bar desired value by instruction.
Fig. 8 is the reversed distributed multi-pumping Raman amplifier structure drawing of device that the automatic controlled function of gain spectral is arranged, and in the drawings, light signal process Transmission Fibers 7 and pump power output optical fibre interface 8 transmit along 2 direction.Through wave multiplexer 11 port a input, port b output.By a plurality of pump lasers 1,2 ..., the pump laser array 12 that N constitutes will be exported light through wave multiplexer 11 port c input, port a output along entering Transmission Fibers 7 in the opposite direction with side signal transmission, is that gain media amplifies signal with the Transmission Fibers.Constitute reversed distributed multi-pumping Raman amplifier.Pump laser 1,2 ..., N has drive terminal JP1, JP2 ..., JPN.At wave multiplexer signal output port b, optical coupler 3 is arranged, will detect light and send into multichannel light detector 4.Multichannel light detector can enable under the control (through D41) the multichannel light power spectrum to be detected the title spectral scan.The spectroscopic data that obtains is through the interior cpu system 51 of data wire D42 metering-in control system 5.Cpu system through according to last be indexs such as described formula signal calculated average power Pt and gain spectral G-bar St after, generate control data according to iteration control process mentioned above, through control data output signal line D51, deliver to multichannel DA transducer 52; After forming analog signal current, be connected to the drive terminal of pump laser through multiple signals amplifier 53.Cpu system in the control system 5 links to each other with external communication interface, so that accept the relevant instruction and data of control.
Fig. 9 is the distributed multi-pumping Raman amplifier structure drawing of device of forward that the automatic controlled function of gain spectral is arranged; In the drawings, light signal is through wave multiplexer 11 port b input, and port c output enters Transmission Fibers 7 through pump power output optical fibre interface 8, and the direction along 2 transmits up to arriving downstream node through signal output optical fibre interface 9.By a plurality of pump lasers 1,2 ..., the pump laser array 12 that N constitutes will be exported light through wave multiplexer 11 port c input, port a output along entering Transmission Fibers 7 with side signal transmission to identical direction, is that gain media amplifies signal with the Transmission Fibers.Constitute the distributed multi-pumping Raman amplifier of forward.Pump laser 1,2 ..., N has drive terminal JP1, JP2 ..., JPN.In downstream node inside optical coupler 3 is arranged, will detect light and send into multichannel light detector 4.Multichannel light detector can enable under the control (through D41) the multichannel light power spectrum to be detected the title spectral scan.The spectroscopic data that obtains is through the interior cpu system 51 of data wire D42 metering-in control system 5.Cpu system through according to last be indexs such as described formula signal calculated average power Pt and gain spectral G-bar St after, generate control data according to iteration control process mentioned above, through control data output signal line D51, deliver to local node routing forwarding device 54, arrive all routing forwarding devices 55 of upstream node through the control signal transmission path.Routing forwarding device 55 sends to the cpu system 56 of upstream node, multichannel DA transducer 52 in exporting upstream node to control data; After forming analog signal current, be connected to the drive terminal of pump laser through multiple signals amplifier 53.The cpu system of downstream node links to each other with external communication interface in the control system 5, so that accept the relevant instruction and data of control, can realize the distributed multi-pumping Raman amplifier that the forward of upstream device is used is implemented the control of automatic gain spectrum at downstream node.
Claims (8)
1. multi-pumping Raman amplifier gain autocontrol method may further comprise the steps:
1.1 the pump power initial value is set;
1.2 implement power spectrum signal scanning;
1.3 implement the progressive control of average power signal, require up to satisfying power control: | P-Pt|＜Δ p, wherein, P is the passage average power, Pt passage average power target, Δ p is the skew thresholding of passage average power;
1.4 implement the progressive control of signal gain spectrum slope, require up to satisfying slope control: | S-St|＜Δ s, wherein S is the average gain slope, and St is the slope target, and Δ s is gain spectral G-bar skew thresholding;
Require whether still to satisfy 1.5 judge power control this moment, if not, get back to step 1.3; If finish.
2. the described multi-pumping Raman amplifier gain autocontrol method of claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 1.1 initial value is set, and desirable less pump power values is as initial value under the device start situation; Desirable in other cases pumping work at present power is initial value.
3. the described multi-pumping Raman amplifier gain autocontrol method of claim 1 is characterized in that, the enforcement power spectrum signal scanning in the described step 1.2 comprises that utilization current demand signal power spectrum calculates passage average power P and average gain slope S.
4. the described multi-pumping Raman amplifier gain autocontrol method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, process in the described step 1.3 comprises following iterative process, default following auxiliary variable: iteration conventional number variable J=0 is set, primary iteration step-length variable Δ is a smaller power value, error variance A=0, then
4.1 establish A '=A, calculate A=P-Pt, judge that satisfying gain controlling requires | P-Pt|＜Δ p? if, then enter step 1.4, if not, then entered for the 4.2nd step;
4.2 establish the error change condition be: J=0, or A '/A＞1, if this error condition satisfies, then enter step 4.3 step, do not enter 4.4 steps of step the;
4.3 each pump power upgrades, the pumping light power of establishing N wavelength is Pp=[P
1, P
2..., P
N], pumping light power upgrades and to be set to: the Pp=Pp+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
1Δ, (k
1＞1); Pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1;
4.4 each pump power upgrades, the pumping light power of establishing N wavelength is Pp=[P
1, P
2..., P
N], pumping light power upgrades and to be set to: the Pp=Pp+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
2Δ, (1＜k
2＜0), pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1;
4.5 signal power detects, obtaining has the channel power spectrum in fact, and calculates passage average power P, and the average gain slope S enters step 4.1 then.
5. the described multi-pumping Raman amplifier gain autocontrol method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, process in the described step 1.4 comprises following iterative process, default following auxiliary variable: iteration conventional number variable J=0 is set, primary iteration step-length variable Δ is a smaller power value, error variance B=0, then
5.1 pumping wavelength sequence number i=1;
5.2 establish B '=B, calculate B=S-St and satisfy slope control requirement | S-St|＜Δ s? if then enter step 1.5 step, otherwise enter 5.3;
5.3 error in judgement changes | whether B '-B|＜δ satisfies, and wherein δ is an error, if, then enter 5.4, if not, then enter 5.5;
5.4 step pumping wavelength sequence number i=i+1 (getting i=i-N when i＞N) is provided with iteration conventional number variable J=0, primary iteration step-length variable Δ is a smaller power value,
5.5 the step error in judgement changes J=0, or whether B '/B＞1 is satisfied, if, entered for 5.6 steps, if not, then enter 5.7;
5.6 pumping wavelength i power is updated to: P
i=P
i+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
1Δ, (k
1＞1); Pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1;
5.7 pumping wavelength i power is updated to: P
i=P
i+ Δ ', wherein Δ '=k
2Δ, (1＜k
2＜0), pump power is got Δ=Δ after upgrading ', J=J+1;
5.8 power spectrum signal scanning, obtaining has the channel power spectrum in fact, and calculates passage average power P, and the average gain slope S enters 5.2 then.
6. implement the described multi-pumping Raman amplifier that can carry out Gain Automatic control of the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 5, include the amplifier (1) of a plurality of pump lasers, optical coupler (3), photodetector (4), control system (5) and external communication interface (6); Behind the luminous power described amplifier of process (1) that pump power output optical fibre interface sends, export described optical coupler (3) to, the small amount of optical power of coupling enters described photodetector (4), through detecting the Output optical power spectrum that obtains described optical coupler (3), the spectrum data enter described control system (5); The performance number of described control system (5) utilization gained luminous power spectrum data computation optical channel average light power, gain spectral G-bar, with be kept at its inner luminous power desired value, gain spectral G-bar desired value is compared, by analysis, calculate control data, form control signal and deliver to described amplifier (1), regulate the pumping light power value; Described external communication interface (6) can be accepted outside commands for controlling.
7. the described multi-pumping Raman amplifier of claim 6, it is characterized in that, to reversed distributed, described amplifier (1) comprises wave multiplexer (11) and pump laser array (12), and described control system (5) comprises cpu system (51) and multichannel DA transducer (52), multiple signals amplifier (53);
The light signal that pump power output optical fibre interface sends, through described wave multiplexer (11) port a input, port b exports described optical coupler (3) to, multiple signals amplifier (53) in the described control system (5) will be composed data will export light through wave multiplexer (11) port c input through described pump laser array (12), port a output, along entering Transmission Fibers in the opposite direction, be that gain media amplifies signal with the Transmission Fibers with side signal transmission; Described photodetector (4) detects the luminous power spectrum, and the spectroscopic data that obtains enters the cpu system (51) in the described control system (5); Described cpu system with indexs such as signal calculated average power Pt and gain spectral G-bar St after, the iteration control process generates control data, and deliver to described multichannel DA transducer (52), after forming analog signal current, be connected to pump laser in the described amplifier (1) array (12) through described multiple signals amplifier (53); Cpu system in the described control system (5) links to each other with described external communication interface (6), so that accept the relevant instruction and data of control.
8. the described multi-pumping Raman amplifier of claim 6, it is characterized in that, distributed to forward, described amplifier (1) comprises wave multiplexer (11) and pump laser array (12), and described control system (5) comprises that two lay respectively at the cpu system (51,56) of upstream and downstream node, routing forwarding device (54,55), multichannel DA transducer (52), the multiple signals amplifier (53) that two lay respectively at the upstream and downstream node;
Light signal is through described wave multiplexer (11) port b input, and port c output enters Transmission Fibers through pump power output optical fibre interface and transmits, up to arriving downstream node through signal output optical fibre interface; Described pump laser array (12) will be exported light through described wave multiplexer (11) port c input, and port a output along entering Transmission Fibers with side signal transmission to identical direction, is that gain media amplifies signal with the Transmission Fibers; Described optical coupler (3) is positioned at downstream node, to detect light and send into described photodetector (4), described photodetector (4) detects the luminous power spectrum, the spectroscopic data that obtains enters the cpu system (51) of the interior downstream node of described control system (5), after the indexs such as this cpu system signal calculated average power Pt and gain spectral G-bar St, the iteration control process generates control data, deliver to the routing forwarding device (54) of downstream node, arrive the routing forwarding device (55) that is positioned at upstream node through the control signal transmission path, this routing forwarding device (55) sends to control data the cpu system (56) that is positioned at upstream node, export described multichannel DA transducer (52) again to, after forming analog signal current, be connected to described pump laser array (12) through described multiple signals amplifier (53); The cpu system (51) of the interior downstream node of described control system (5) links to each other with described external communication interface (6), so that accept the relevant instruction and data of control.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031159699A CN100393016C (en) | 2003-03-18 | 2003-03-18 | Automatic control method and device for multiple pump Raman amplifier gain |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031159699A CN100393016C (en) | 2003-03-18 | 2003-03-18 | Automatic control method and device for multiple pump Raman amplifier gain |
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| CN100393016C true CN100393016C (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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| CN104466681B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2018-12-25 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | A kind of cascade control system of fiber amplifier |
| CN106936509B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2020-04-28 | 海思光电子有限公司 | Raman transient effect control method and device |
| CN106936061B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2019-07-05 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | A kind of raman amplifier of automatic gain monitoring and adjustment |
| CN113726438B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-15 | 北京邮电大学 | Dynamic channel regulation and control method and device based on Raman effect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6411417B1 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2002-06-25 | Nortel Networks Limited | Optical equalizer |
| US20020186456A1 (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2002-12-12 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Raman amplifier, raman amplifier control method, and optical communication system |
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2003
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6411417B1 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2002-06-25 | Nortel Networks Limited | Optical equalizer |
| US20020186456A1 (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2002-12-12 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Raman amplifier, raman amplifier control method, and optical communication system |
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