CN100392994C - Method for antenna switching diversity in wireless communication system and its device - Google Patents

Method for antenna switching diversity in wireless communication system and its device Download PDF

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CN100392994C
CN100392994C CNB02145129XA CN02145129A CN100392994C CN 100392994 C CN100392994 C CN 100392994C CN B02145129X A CNB02145129X A CN B02145129XA CN 02145129 A CN02145129 A CN 02145129A CN 100392994 C CN100392994 C CN 100392994C
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antenna
value
received signal
frame
switching
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CN1499743A (en
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肖洁华
陈弘
方为
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ZTE Corp
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    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a device for antenna switching diversity in wireless communication systems. The present invention comprises the following two important factors for antenna switching: a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value and an error frame value; an antenna to a selected can be judged by using the two values through certain standards; if the reliability coefficient of received signals is reduced by the shielding of a single antenna, then a method of switching to another antenna can be used for improving the quality of the received signal; the reliability coefficient of received signals can also be guaranteed by switching over antennae for accidental interference. The present invention selects a transmitting antennae when selecting a receiving antenna, which guarantees the good effect of receiving and transmitting signals and performs a balancing effect of up and down transmission. Compared with the prior art, when used, the method of the present invention achieves the effects of convenience and practicality, saves the hardware cost of a system and reduces power consumption under the condition that the receiving quality of signals is guaranteed.

Description

A kind of method of wireless communication system antenna switching diversity
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device thereof of antenna switching diversity, relate in particular to the method for TDMA-TDD (TimeDivision Multiple Access/Time division Duplex: time division multiple access, time division duplex) mode wireless communication system antenna switching diversity.
(2) background technology
Antenna diversity scheme mainly is divided into two big classes: a class is the selecting type diversity, and it is made up of a plurality of receivers, selects a road best receiver signal after the detection; Another kind of is the change type diversity, and it has a receiver and a plurality of antenna branch, obtains best received signal by the conversion between each antenna.The circuit scale of the former system is relatively large, the cost costliness, and consume a large amount of electric energy; The latter can make system bulk little, in light weight, and low in energy consumption, therefore adopts back one class antenna diversity to be applicable to the communicator of base station class.
Proposed a kind of like this diversity receiver in the patent No. is 4823398 american documentation literature: it has not only adopted the selecting type deversity scheme but also has adopted the deversity scheme of antenna change type.When the received field strength value was low, it selected the higher reception path of field intensity in two receivers by the electric field detected value; When the received field strength value was higher, it closed a receiver channel, adopted the method for antenna conversion to obtain the quality of reception relatively preferably.Though this invention combines the advantage of two class diversity, owing to need multipath receiver after all, but also need the complicated controller that adds, realize diversity reception by a plurality of switches are controlled in the judgement of environment, the hardware complexity of system realizes inconvenience, and the volume that takies is big, and power consumption is also big.
At present produced various antenna switching diversity method according to different antenna switching criterions.China Patent No. is to propose a kind of method according to the conversion of phase error control antenna in 99105479 the document.It detects the phase place of selected antenna receiving signal, and with its difference in desired phase, just phase error is accumulated, the converting antenna during predetermined value of phase error in greater than a frame.The realization of this method must increase phase error detecting apparatus and be used for the collecting apparatus of accumulative total phase error in system, increased hardware spending to system, has improved cost, has strengthened power consumption.In being 99111796 invention, China Patent No. also pointed out a kind of method of coming converting antenna by RSSI value and phase place likelihood value.This system also needs demodulator circuit to provide the phase place likelihood value except the needs receiver provides the RSSI value, has increased certain burden to demodulation.
(3) summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the method for the antenna switching diversity of being convenient to realize in a kind of wireless communication system is provided.This method does not need system to increase too much extra hardware burden, only needs by software original input parameter to be carried out certain counting and comparison, thereby draws court verdict, is used for selecting dual-mode antenna.Overcome the shortcoming of antenna switching circuit complexity of the prior art.
The present invention is especially but in the system of not unique wireless local telephone system PHS (Personal Handyphone System personal handyphone system) that is applied to a kind of signal of being made up of frame.Because what the PHS system adopted is the working method of TDMA-TDD, transmit and receive on same frequency and carry out, so the decline of uplink and downlink link is identical, this just means that for two links it also is good that the antenna that receptivity is good is used for launching.The present invention utilizes this principle, has also selected transmitting antenna in the selective reception antenna, has realized the reception and the transmission of diversity simultaneously.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of method of wireless communication system antenna switching diversity comprises:
(1) in each frame signal, the handling process of each time slot:
The first step is handled a plurality of sampled values of described time slot RSSI (indication of received signal intensity) obtaining a value, represents the field intensity value of this receiving slot of present frame;
Second step, judge whether this receiving slot is in talking state, when conversing in the PHS system, the antenna conversion just handles, do not carry out the antenna conversion when not conversing;
The 3rd step compared the RSSI typical value of current time slots and given RSSI thresholding, was divided into two judgement branch roads according to result relatively, if current RSSI value is more than or equal to threshold value, then carried out for the 4th step and handle,, then carried out for the 5th step and handle if less than threshold value;
In the 4th step, adopt value of error frame to carry out the antenna conversion and judge that this step is divided two steps again:
(1) remove the antenna switching mark, whether this antenna switching mark is to be used for identifying last antenna to switch, if switched, value of statistical indicant is 1, otherwise be 0, whether do not carry out the information that antenna switches, just this switching mark is recovered 0 initial value because the switching of mistake frame does not need last time;
(2) judge this moment this time slot continuously by mistake frame count value whether reach certain limit, if reach, then jump to 5 steps in the 5th step, otherwise just jumped to for the 7th step;
The 5th step, adopt the RSSI value to carry out antenna conversion judgement, this step is divided into following step:
(1) judges by the antenna switching mark whether previous frame switched antenna,, then arrive 2 steps in this step if switched; Otherwise, just jump to 3 steps in this step;
(2) remove the antenna switching mark, the RSSI value of this frame is compared with switching the preceding RSSI value that keeps, if current RSSI value then go on foot 3 steps to this, otherwise marker antenna jumped to for the 6th step after switching back to primary antenna greater than the RSSI value before switching;
(3) the RSSI value inferior counter that is lower than thresholding continuously adds 1;
(4) judge that whether RSSI is lower than threshold count greater than a specified value,, then go on foot 5 steps, finish otherwise just jump to last this time slot processing to this if greater than specified value;
(5) upgrade and preserve current RSSI value, be used for making comparisons with later RSSI value;
(6) putting the antenna switching mark is 1;
(7) indication will switch on another antenna;
The 6th step, frame counter zero clearing by mistake continuously;
In the 7th step, the RSSI value is lower than the Counter Value zero clearing of thresholding;
(2) in described each frame signal, the handling process of each time slot operational cycle like this four times just disposes the received signal of entire frame.
Effect of the present invention is: two key factors that the present invention is used for the antenna switching are RSSI value and value of error frame.The RSSI value weaken may be antenna be blocked or distance zoom out cause, just may be the interference that happens suddenly to have occurred when the mistake frame is big if RSSI value is not little.If the confidence level that causes received signal of blocking of single antenna reduces, then can improve the quality of received signal with the method that switches to another antenna.Also can guarantee the credibility of received signal with switched antenna for the interference of burst.The present invention has also selected transmitting antenna in the selective reception antenna, promptly guaranteed the good result of signal transmitting and receiving, has played the effect of the balance of uplink and downlink transmission again.Adopt the method for the invention, compared with prior art, having reached is easy practical again effect, has saved the hardware spending of system on the basis of the quality of reception that has guaranteed signal, has reduced power consumption.
For further specifying above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, design feature and effect, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole block diagram of the antenna switching diversity device of most preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart that antenna diversity of the present invention is changed handled wireless signal frame;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that wireless signal is missed the frame statistics;
Fig. 4 is exactly the flow chart that utilization method of the present invention is carried out antenna conversion judgement;
Fig. 5 is that the present invention is applied to a most preferred embodiment in the PHS system;
Fig. 6 is the state transition diagram of most preferred embodiment antenna conversion judgement.
(5) embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the whole block diagram of the antenna switching diversity device of most preferred embodiment of the present invention.Wireless communication system has two antennas 101 and 102, and they are selectively received on transmitter 104 and the receiver 105 by duplexer 103.The signal that receives is sent the result into digital signal processor 108 by the demodulation of demodulator 107, and the field intensity indicated value 109 that receives signal is simultaneously also directly sent into 108 li of digital signal processors.Digital signal processor 108 judges select which antenna according to data after the demodulation and RSSI of signals value through certain standard, provides control signal to duplexer 103, changes with control antenna.
The foundation of control antenna conversion of the present invention is mainly from the value of two variablees, and one is intensity RSSI (indication of the Receive Signal Strength Indicator received signal intensity) value of received signal, and another is continuous value of error frame.Here simply introduce the notion of mistake frame.The signal of communication system all is to transmit with the form of frame, and the frame format of signal mainly contains following two kinds among the present invention, as shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart that antenna diversity of the present invention is changed handled wireless signal frame.Wherein (1) is control signaling frame structure, and (2) are the Traffic Channel frame structures.R201 in the frame structure, R210 are 4 binding clips; SS202, SS212 are the primary signs of 2 frame; PR203, PR213 are preambles, and it has 62 in control frame, have only 6 in traffic frame; UW (Unique Word) word 204, UW word 214 are to be used to discern the control frame or the unique word of traffic frame, the former be 32 long, the latter be 16 long; CI205, CI215 are 4 channel logos; CSID206 is 42 a station identification code, and SA216 is 16 a channel associated signalling at a slow speed; I207 is 62 signaling information in control frame, and I217 is 160 business datum in traffic frame; CRC208, CRC 218 are CRC of 16; Guard209, Guard219 are 16 guard bits.
Control frame is CI to be carried out 108 CRC (Cyclic-Redundancy Check: cyclic redundancy code detects) earlier to the I partial data when descending transmission data, 16 bit codes that generate are added in the back, then CSID is carried out scrambling to 120 bit data of CRC part, add that at last the frame of 240 of specific UW word and head and the tail bit compositions is launched.The formation method of traffic frame is also roughly the same, and just CRC is 180 bit data from CI to I, and scrambling is 176 bit data from I to CRC.Useful information to be extracted from these two kinds of frame structures exactly during up reception data.The mistake frame is exactly uply to decompose when judging receiving data, confirms whether to obtain a notion of true and reliable information.
How the value of error frame that the present invention is used for antenna conversion judgement obtains, and the flow chart of Fig. 3 can illustrate clearly that Fig. 3 is the flow chart that wireless signal is missed the frame statistics.
What this flow chart drew is the flow chart that in the PHS system reception data of 240 of each receiving slots is carried out signal processing.After receiving demodulation, during 240 bit data of a time slot, at first in the scope of appointment, detect UW word 301; If detect less than just directly entering the mistake frame and handle 315,316; If detected, after extracting channel logo CI303, be divided into the control signaling data of 32 UW words and the business datum of 16 UW words is handled respectively, both handling processes are roughly the same, the framing process is opposite during all with descending transmission data, business data processing with 16 UW words is an example, after detecting corresponding UW word, extract the data 305,309 that need descrambling in appointed positions earlier; Carry out descrambling computing 306,310 then; Then carry out CRC check 307,311; If verification correctly just can be extracted required signaling or business datum 308,314; If check errors then also enter the mistake frame and handle 315,316.Therefore the judgement 312,315 that whether is in talking state is arranged, the mistake frame of the mistake frame here in air time of being meant in this flow chart.Mistake frame counter 316 is the number of times that are used for calculating continuous appearance mistake frame continuously, and this number of times is to be used for judging whether antenna needs one of key factor of changing, specifically how this continuous value of error frame is judged, will do detailed explanation in next flow process.The mistake frame counter once promptly is being cleared 313 after correct the detection continuously.
Referring to shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is exactly the flow chart that utilization method of the present invention is carried out antenna conversion judgement.This is the main handling process of antenna conversion judgement.It is to be noted this flow chart represented be in each frame signal, the handling process of each time slot.Here introduce whole processing procedure by the priority step.
The first step, a plurality of sampled values of described time slot RSSI are handled obtaining a value, represent the field intensity value 401 of this receiving slot of present frame, can select diverse ways for use according to sample mode to the processing method of RSSI sampled value here, for example can get maximum, minimum value or mean value;
Second step, judge whether this receiving slot is in talking state 402, just handle when conversing in the PHS system owing to antenna conversion of the present invention, do not carry out the antenna conversion when not conversing, therefore need here talking state is judged;
The 3rd step compared 403 with the RSSI typical value of current time slots and given RSSI thresholding, was divided into two judgement branch roads according to result relatively, if current RSSI value is more than or equal to threshold value, then carried out for the 4th step and handle,, then carried out for the 5th step and handle if less than threshold value;
In the 4th step, adopt value of error frame to carry out the antenna conversion and judge that this step is divided two steps again:
(1) removes antenna switching mark 409, here whether the antenna switching mark of indication is to be used for identifying last antenna to switch, if switched, value of statistical indicant is 1, otherwise be 0, because the switching of mistake frame does not need last time and whether carried out the information that antenna switches, so will indicate 0 value of recovering initial here;
(2) judge this moment this time slot continuously by mistake frame count value whether reach certain limit 410, if reach, then jump to 5 steps in the 5th step, otherwise just jumped to for the 7th step;
The 5th step, adopt the RSSI value to carry out antenna conversion judgement, this step can be divided into following step:
(1) judges by the antenna switching mark whether previous frame switched antenna 404,, then arrive 2 steps in this step if switched; Otherwise, just jump to 3 steps in this step;
(2) remove antenna switching mark 409, the RSSI value of this frame is compared 406 with switching the preceding RSSI value that keeps, if current RSSI value then go on foot 3 steps to this, otherwise marker antenna jumped to for the 6th step after switching back to primary antenna greater than the RSSI value before switching;
(3) the RSSI value inferior counter that is lower than thresholding continuously adds 1;
(4) judge that whether RSSI is lower than threshold count greater than a specified value 408,, then go on foot 5 steps, finish otherwise just jump to last this time slot processing to this if greater than specified value;
(5) preserve current RSSI value 411, be used for making comparisons with later RSSI value;
(6) putting antenna switching mark 412 is 1;
(7) indication will switch on another antenna 413;
The 6th step, frame counter zero clearing 415 by mistake continuously;
In the 7th step, the RSSI value is lower than the Counter Value zero clearing 416 of thresholding;
Like this, the antenna of time slot conversion judgement just is through with.So operational cycle four times has just disposed the received signal of entire frame.
In handle the base station of PHS system, just use method of the present invention and carry out the antenna switching diversity processing, specific embodiment as shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 is that the present invention is applied to a most preferred embodiment in the PHS system, Fig. 5 is the handling process to four receiving slots in signal frame of PHS system, tscount_risp is that indicating handled is the variable of the reception data of which time slot among the figure, talking is masked as the conversation sign, rssi_now is the RSSI value of present frame, rssi_prev is the RSSI value before the switching of preserving, antswitchflag is the antenna switching mark, frameerrorcount misses frame counter continuously, and rssicount is the counter that the RSSI value is lower than thresholding continuously.The entire process flow process is finished the processing procedure of a frame received signal by the reception data of four time slots of processing of above-mentioned circulation.
Among Fig. 5: tscount_risp is 0 in flow process 501,8 data corresponding to this time slot in the RSSI buffering area is averaged, and put it in the unit of the corresponding time slot of buffering area tscount_risp 502; Judge whether this receiving slot is in talking state (conversation=1) 503; The RSSI typical value tscount_risp of current time slots and given RSSI thresholding 120 are compared 504, be divided into two judgement branch roads according to result relatively, if current RSSI value is more than or equal to threshold value 120, then adopt value of error frame to carry out the antenna conversion and judge that this step is divided two steps again: (1) antenna switching mark zero clearing 510; (2) judge that whether the continuous value of error frame of this time slot this moment reaches certain limit (that is: whether>3) 511, if reach, then jumps to 512 flow processs, otherwise just jumps to 516 flow processs; If RSSI value current in the flow process 504 then enters flow process 505 less than threshold value 120; Adopt the RSSI value to carry out antenna conversion judgement, this step can be divided into following step: the antenna switching mark of (1) corresponding time slot judges whether previous frame switched antenna (switched=1) 505, if switched, then arrive the flow process 506 of antenna switching mark zero clearing, otherwise, just jump to flow process 508; (2) the RSSI value rssi_now with this frame compares 507 with switching the preceding RSSI value rssi_prev that keeps, if rssi_now>rssi_prev then arrives flow process 508, otherwise marker antenna jumps to flow process 514 after switching back to primary antenna; (3) the RSSI value inferior counter that is lower than thresholding continuously adds 1; (4) judge that whether RSSI is lower than threshold count greater than a specified value (promptly>5) 509,, then arrive flow process 512, otherwise just jump to flow process 517 if greater than specified value; (5) preserve current RSSI value rssi_now=rssi_prev; (6) put the antenna switching mark 514 of this time slot; Mistake frame counter zero clearing 515 continuously; The RSSI value is lower than the Counter Value zero clearing 516 of thresholding; Flow process tscount_risp+1 turns back to flow process 502, presses the time slot circulation.Like this, the antenna of time slot conversion judgement just is through with.So operational cycle four times has just disposed the received signal of entire frame.
In order to further specify the relation between each link of this method, Fig. 6 has made more detailed description with state transition diagram, and Fig. 6 is the state transition diagram of most preferred embodiment antenna conversion judgement.
Here several primary variables of institute's target and constant among the figure are done an explanation.Among the figure k_rssitime be RSSI continuously less than the number of times of appointed threshold, k_rssilimit is the RSSI threshold value, k_fertime is continuously the number of times of frame by mistake.Rssi_now is the RSSI value of present frame, and rssi_prev is the RSSI value before the switching of preserving, and antswitchflag is the antenna switching mark, and frameerrorcount misses frame counter continuously, and rssicount is the counter that the RSSI value is lower than thresholding continuously.
The antenna selection course can be divided into three states among Fig. 6:
Initialization task is finished in initial condition S1:DSP initial start;
General state S2:antswitchflag=0 will judge whether to satisfy switching condition this moment;
Switching state S3:antswitchflag=1 will judge whether to satisfy the condition of switching back primary antenna this moment.
S1: finish initialization task, rssi_now=0, rssi_prev=0, antswitchflag=0, frameerrorcount=0, rssicount=0 enters S2 then;
S2: judge whether to satisfy switching condition, work as antswitchflag=0, rssicount+1 during rssi_now<k_rssilimit, whether differentiate rssicount again greater than k_rssitime, if be not more than, still enter S2, if greater than, then enter rssi_prev=rssi_now, antswitchflag=1, indication will switch to another antenna, frameerrorcount=0, rssicount=0 enters S3 then; Work as antswitchflag=0, whether differentiate frameerrorcount during rssi_now>=k_rssilimit greater than k_rssitime, if be not more than, then enter S2 after the rssicount zero clearing, if greater than, then enter rssi_prev=rssi_now, antswitchflag=1, indication will switch to another antenna, frameerrorcount=0, rssicount=0 enters S3 then.
S3: judge whether to satisfy the condition switch back primary antenna, work as antswitchflag=1, during rssi_now<k_rssilimit, whether the antswitchflag zero clearing differentiates rssi_now greater than rssi_prev, then if be not more than, switchback primary antenna then, frameerrorcount=0, rssicount=0 still enters S2, if greater than, then whether rssicount+1 differentiates rssicount greater than k_rssitime, again if be not more than, still enter S2, if greater than, then enter rssi_prev=rssi_now, antswitchflag=1, indication will switch to another antenna, frameerrorcount=0, rssicount=0 enters S3 then; Work as antswitchflag=1, antswitchflag zero clearing during rssi_now>=k_rssilimit is differentiated frameerrorcount whether greater than k_rssitime, if be not more than, then enter S2 after the rssicount zero clearing, if greater than, then enter rssi_prev=rssi_now, antswitchflag=1, indication will switch to another antenna, frameerrorcount=0, rssicount=0 enters S3 then.
Can see that from above process chart and state diagram it is RSSI value and value of error frame that the present invention is used for two key factors that antenna switches.The RSSI value weaken may be antenna be blocked or distance zoom out cause, just may be the interference that happens suddenly to have occurred when the mistake frame is big if RSSI value is not little.If the confidence level that causes received signal of blocking of single antenna reduces, then can improve the quality of received signal with the method that switches to another antenna.Also can guarantee the credibility of received signal with switched antenna for the interference of burst.The present invention has also selected transmitting antenna in the selective reception antenna, promptly guaranteed the good result of signal transmitting and receiving, has played the effect of the balance of uplink and downlink transmission again.
Certainly, those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that, above embodiment is used for illustrating the present invention, and be not to be used as limitation of the invention, as long as in connotation scope of the present invention, all will drop in the scope of claims of the present invention variation, the modification of the above embodiment.

Claims (2)

1. the method for a wireless communication system antenna switching diversity is characterized in that described method comprises:
(1) in each frame signal, the handling process of each time slot:
The first step is handled a plurality of sampled values of described time slot received signal intensity indication obtaining a value, represents the field intensity value of this receiving slot of present frame;
Second step, judge whether this receiving slot is in talking state, the antenna conversion is just handled when personal handyphone system is conversed, and does not carry out the antenna conversion when not conversing;
The 3rd step, the received signal intensity indication typical value of current time slots and given received signal intensity indication thresholding are compared, be divided into two judgement branch roads according to result relatively, if current received signal strength indicator value is more than or equal to threshold value, then carrying out for the 4th step handles, if less than threshold value, then carried out for the 5th step and handle;
In the 4th step, adopt value of error frame to carry out the antenna conversion and judge that this step is divided two steps again:
(1) remove the antenna switching mark, whether this antenna switching mark is to be used for identifying last antenna to switch, if switched, value of statistical indicant is 1, otherwise be 0, whether do not carry out the information that antenna switches, just this switching mark is recovered 0 initial value because the switching of mistake frame does not need last time;
(2) judge this moment this time slot continuously by mistake frame count value whether reach certain limit, if reach, then jump to 5 steps in the 5th step, otherwise just jumped to for the 7th step;
The 5th step, adopt received signal strength indicator value to carry out antenna conversion judgement, this step is divided into following step:
(1) judges by the antenna switching mark whether previous frame switched antenna,, then arrive 2 steps in this step if switched; Otherwise, just jump to 3 steps in this step;
(2) remove the antenna switching mark, the received signal strength indicator value of this frame is compared with the received signal strength indicator value of switching preceding reservation, if current received signal strength indicator value is greater than the received signal strength indicator value before switching, then go on foot 3 steps, otherwise marker antenna jumped to for the 6th step after switching back to primary antenna to this;
(3) the received signal strength indicator value inferior counter that is lower than thresholding continuously adds 1;
(4) judge that whether the indication of received signal intensity is lower than threshold count greater than a specified value,, then go on foot 5 steps, finish otherwise just jump to last this time slot processing to this if greater than specified value;
(5) upgrade and preserve current received signal strength indicator value, be used for making comparisons with later received signal strength indicator value;
(6) putting the antenna switching mark is 1;
(7) indication will switch on another antenna;
The 6th step, frame counter zero clearing by mistake continuously;
In the 7th step, received signal strength indicator value is lower than the Counter Value zero clearing of thresholding;
(2) in described each frame signal, the handling process of each time slot operational cycle like this four times just disposes the received signal of entire frame.
2. the method for a kind of wireless communication system antenna switching diversity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the processing method to described received signal intensity indication sampled value is to select diverse ways for use according to sample mode in described method (one's) the first step: get maximum, minimum value or mean value.
CNB02145129XA 2002-11-08 2002-11-08 Method for antenna switching diversity in wireless communication system and its device Expired - Fee Related CN100392994C (en)

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