CN100390439C - High efficiency energy saving electromechanical hybrid stepless gear - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-efficiency energy saving electromechanical hybrid stepless transmission which comprises three coaxial planetary gear trains, two electric machines, a controller, two power transmission shafts and at least two clutches, wherein each planetary gear train is composed of at least three coaxial rotation parts; the three planetary gear trains are coupled into a five-branch system; the first electric machine is connected with the first branch of the five-branch system; the second electric machine is connected with the fifth branch; the first power transmission shaft is connected with the third branch; the second power transmission shaft is selectively coupled with the second branch or the fourth branch through the clutches; the two electric machines are electrically connected through the controller and transmit electric energy to each other. The present invention has the advantages of high driving efficiency, small structure and low cost, adjusts the output/ input speed ratio and the power within a wide range, greatly widens the range of the speed ratio for realizing the uninterrupted stepless speed transmission from going in reverse and stopping to going forward without a starter, drastically improves the fuel efficiency of the entire vehicle, reduces power needed by a power regulation device.

Description

The energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes

Technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes, it can be widely used in various vehicles and power equipment.

Background technique

At this moment or the oil consumption minimum internal-combustion engine all has certain speed and power range, and reaches best working state in the therein very little scope, and, or noxious emission is minimum, or both are all right.Yet actual road conditions are ever-changing, not only show on the speed of driving wheel, also show simultaneously on the desired moment of torsion of driving wheel.Therefore, the rotating speed of internal-combustion engine and moment of torsion, promptly the coupling of the dynamic regime of internal-combustion engine and driving wheel dynamic regime is one of top priority of speed changer.

No matter stepless speed variator is mechanical type, hydraulic type, or machine-electric formula, a unlimited continuous available speed ratio can both be provided in certain speed range, in theory, the velocity variations of driving wheel can be finished by speed changer fully.Like this, internal-combustion engine can be operated in the optimized range of speeds as much as possible.Simultaneously stepless speed variator is compared with step change transmission, and it is steady to have a speed governing, can make full use of plurality of advantages such as internal-combustion engine peak output, and therefore, stepless speed variator is the object of various countries expert research for many years always.The stepless speed variator of having introduced to the market at present has metal friction belt and ball chamber to rub wheeled two kinds, and is wherein comparatively general with belt.

Compare with the working condition that ideal requires, existing speed changer has that level becomes or stepless internal-combustion engine that all can not meet the demands fully and the coupling of the power between the driving wheel.This is the adjusting that can not realize energy because existing speed changer can only finish the transmission of energy.The input of speed changer is identical (disregarding the speed changer in-fighting) with output power.Therefore, such speed changer can only carry out the individual event adjusting to the speed ratio of input output or the torque ratio of output input, and can not independently regulate simultaneously the two.

In recent years, the birth of electric machine mixed power technology is for realizing that power mates the new approach of having opened up fully between internal-combustion engine and the motive power wheel.In numerous power assembly design proposals, the most representative have two kinds of serial hybrid system and hybrid systems in parallel.In the motor serial hybrid system, internal-combustion engine-generator-motor-axle system-driving wheel is formed the power transmission chain of a series connection, and the power assembly structure is very simple.Wherein, the generator-motor combination can be considered the speed changer under the traditional sense.When with accumulator, as battery, electric capacity etc. are united when using, this speed changer can be used as energy conditioner again, finishes the independent regulation to speed and moment of torsion.

There are two parallel independently power transmission chains in the motor parallel system.Article one, be made up of traditional mechanical transmission, another is made up of motor-battery system.Mechanical transmission is responsible for finishing the adjusting to speed, and motor-battery system is then finished the adjusting to power or moment of torsion.For giving full play to the potential of whole system, mechanical transmission also need adopt stepless gearing method.

The advantage of serial hybrid system is simple in structure, and layout is flexible.But since all power by generator and motor, so power requirements height of motor, volume is big, Heavy Weight.Simultaneously, because the energy transfer process is through twice machine-electricity, the conversion of electricity-machine, overall system efficiency is lower.In hybrid system in parallel, have only part power by electric system, therefore, relatively low to the power requirements of motor.The efficient height of total system.Yet this system needs two cover independent subsystem, cost height.Usually only be used for weak hybrid system.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes, has higher transmission efficiency, can in the scope of broad, carry out regulating continuously and independently to output/input speed ratio and power, widen the scope of speed ratio widely, can realize the continual stepless change from falling back, stopping to advancing and need not starting drive, can increase substantially the fuel efficiency of car load, reduce the required power of power adjustment device, structure is small and exquisite, the system effectiveness height, and cost is low.

This energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes, comprise three coaxial planetary gear train, two motors, a controller, two power transmission shafts, at least two clutches, each planetary gear train has at least three coaxial rotation parts, it is characterized in that described three planetary gear train are coupled into the compound planetary train and constitute a five-branch system, and the rotating speed of every system vector terminal point is straight line, each branch of this five-branch system is done being connected of following mode with the motor of stepless speed variator and power transmission shaft: first of five-branch system connects with first motor, five-branch system last branch-promptly the 5th and second motor link, the 3rd of one of the centre of five-branch system-promptly links with first power transmission shaft, second power transmission shaft then by clutch selectively with other branch couplings of five-branch system, be electrically connected and transmit mutually electric energy between two motors by controller.

The above-mentioned energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes is characterized in that first power transmission shaft is an input shaft, and second power transmission shaft is output shaft.

The above-mentioned energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes, it is characterized in that also comprising at least two pairs of output gears, every pair of output gear comprises a driving wheel and a follower that is engaged with, driving wheel links with second and the 4th of five-branch system respectively, is numbered the driving wheel of odd number and second and links; Being numbered the driving wheel of even number and the 4th links, output shaft is coupled with outputting power with follower by number order selectively by clutch, when output shaft and driven gear when coupling that is numbered odd number, power by second of the five-branch system master and slave output gear through identical numbering to being sent to output shaft; When output shaft and driven gear when coupling that is numbered even number, to being sent to output shaft, the gear ratio of two pairs of adjacent output gears keeps following relation to power by the 4th of the five-branch system master and slave output gear through identical numbering:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_(2n-1)}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_\left(2n\right)}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{4\&RightArrow;5}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{2\&RightArrow;5}}$ $\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_\left(2n\right)}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_(2n+1)}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{2\&RightArrow;1}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{4\&RightArrow;1}}$

L wherein _{4 → 5}Be the distance between the 4th to the 5th of five-branch system; L _{2 → 5}It is the distance between second to the 5th; L _{2 → 1}It is the distance between second to first; L _{4 → 1}Be the distance between the 4th to first, K _{Out_ ()}Represent each gear ratio to output gear, the formula value in the bracket is represented the right numbering of output gear, and wherein n is the positive integer greater than zero.

The above-mentioned energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes is characterized in that first power transmission shaft is an output shaft, and second power transmission shaft is input shaft.

The above-mentioned energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes, it is characterized in that this stepless speed variator also comprises at least two pairs of input gears, every pair of input gear is made up of a driving wheel and a follower that is engaged with, and imports follower in the gear and the 4th of five-branch system links for first pair; The follower of second pair of input in the gear links with second of five-branch system, input shaft by clutch respectively with two pairs of output gears in driving wheel connect first couple of gear ratio K that imports gear selectively _{In_1}Gear ratio K with second pair of input gear _{In_2}Keep following relation:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{in}\_1}}{K_{\mathrm{in}\_2}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{2\&RightArrow;5}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{4\&RightArrow;5}}$

The above-mentioned energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes is characterized in that also comprising an accumulator, and this accumulator links with two motors respectively by controller, and provides or accept the electric energy that motor provides by demand to motor.

The above-mentioned energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes, it is characterized in that providing at least one outputting power shunting speed district and at least one composite power shunting speed district, outputting power shunting speed district is connected mutually with first composite power shunting speed district, and being connected point is motor speed zero point, and the span in each composite power shunting speed district is identical or close, said composite power shunting speed district is connected each other, and the linking point is the speed zero point of motor.

The above-mentioned energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes is characterized in that providing a dynamo-electric train, the power load mode during as this stepless speed variator inverted running.

The above-mentioned energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes, it is characterized in that having at least a clutch is engaged clutch.

The above-mentioned energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes, it is characterized in that providing at least one outputting power shunting speed district and at least two composite power shunting speed districts, outputting power shunting speed district is connected mutually with first composite power shunting speed district, is connected point and is first velocity node of speed changer; Adjacent composite power shunting speed district is connected mutually, is connected point and is the next velocity node of speed changer.

This energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes adopts the dynamic branch principle, utilize local power to change the dynamic regime that removes to control the total system output terminal, be the speed and the moment of torsion of output terminal, the dynamic branch system partly forms by two, mechanical transmission and power adjustment device, the power adjustment device adopts motor-motor combination, is equivalent to a local motor train.Because separate system only is sent to the power adjustment device with part power branch, therefore, dynamic branch has overcome the shortcoming of serial hybrid system effectively, and the transmission efficiency that tool is higher the more important thing is that it can be in the scope of broad carry out regulating continuously and independently to speed ratio (output/input) and power.Aspect speed regulation native system realized from falling back, stopping to advancing continual stepless change, need not common starting drive.When the stepless change of gearbox effectively cooperates with internal-combustion engine control, can significantly improve the fuel efficiency of car load.Aspect power adjustment, native system can effectively replenish the required driving power of motive power wheel by accumulator and need not to change power requirement to internal-combustion engine, thereby keeps the working state of internal-combustion engine not to be subjected to or to be subjected to less the influence of road conditions.Internal-combustion engine can always work in the optimum state of setting, to improve the efficient of car load.Simultaneously, the kinetic energy in native system also recyclable when braking, foldback returns in the accumulator.All these behaves all improve the fuel efficiency of overall vehicle significantly.In addition, simple in production and all present automatic transmission of manufacture view, this will lay a good foundation for the low price premium quality product.Compare with similar hybrid power diversion system, the velocity band of two or more composite power shuntings is provided more, thereby widened the scope of speed ratio widely.Also reduced the required power of power adjustment device simultaneously.Under the identical situation of output, the native system structure is more succinctly small and exquisite, in light weight, cost is low, system effectiveness is higher.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is three rotating speed ladder figure of system that describe rotating speed between each coaxial rotation part of simple planetary gear train;

Fig. 2 constitutes the five-branch system rotating speed ladder figure that describes each coaxial rotation part rotating speed by three simple planetary gear train;

Fig. 3 is the structural framing schematic representation of embodiment's 1 correspondence;

Fig. 4 is the structural framing schematic representation of embodiment's 1 correspondence;

Fig. 5 is the pairing five-branch system speed ladder of composite power shunting zone figure among the embodiment 1.

Fig. 6 is pairing three system speeds ladder of outputting power shunting zone figure among the embodiment 1.

Fig. 7 is embodiment 2 a structural framing schematic representation.

Fig. 8 is embodiment 3 a structural framing schematic representation.

Fig. 9 is embodiment 4 a structural framing schematic representation.

Figure 10 is embodiment 4 a structural framing schematic representation.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, a simple planetary gear train has three coaxial rotation parts: circle wheel R, planet carrier C and sun gear S, they form three B1-B3 of system.If the rotating speed of these three rotating components represented with the form of vertical vector and with them by certain distance than parallel stringing out, planet carrier rotating speed vector N _CIn the centre, circle wheel, sun gear rotating speed vector N _r, N _sOn both sides, promptly constitute so-called rotating speed ladder figure.Sun gear rotating speed vector N _sWith planet carrier rotating speed vector N _CBetween apart from K and circle wheel speed vector N _rWith planet wheel rotating speed vector N _CBetween the ratio of distance L just be the feature speed ratio (i.e. the circle wheel R number of teeth and sun gear S gear ratio) of this planet wheel.Each rotating speed vector among the rotating speed ladder figure is called the branch of terraced figure, and the terminal point of rotating speed vector drops on the straight line all the time, and this straight line is called speed line.

The compound planetary train that is made of three simple planetary gear train has five coaxial rotation parts, and they form a five-branch system B1-B5.Rotation speed relation between each rotating component can be represented by five rotating speed ladder figure as shown in Figure 2.

In Fig. 2, the terminal point of the rotating speed vector of each B1-B5 representative equally also drops on the speed straight line, and 01 and 02 respectively represents two different output branches, and EM1, EM2 represent two motors.So given any two rotating speed vector, the rotating speed vector of its excess-three branch has also just been determined.

The core of this stepless speed variator can have multiple specific embodiments and mode.

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, this stepless speed variator is by three planetary gear train PG1, PG2 and PG3, two motor EM1 and EM2, and electric machine controller CTL and one group of clutch CL1～CL4, BR1 and BR2 form.This programme also comprises an input shaft SH _In, an output shaft SH _OutWith some to being used to transmit the gear G of input, outputting power _In1 and G ' _In1, G _Out1 and G ' _Out1, G _Out2 and G ' _Out2.Each planetary gear train is respectively by circle wheel R1, a R2 or R3, sun gear S1, a S2 or S3, and one group of planet wheel P1, P2 or P3 and planetary wheel carrier C1, a C2 or C3 form.Every motor then comprises a rotor R T1 or RT2 and stator ST1 or ST2.Every pair of input gear and every pair of output gear are formed by a driving wheel and a follower, and driving wheel is represented with G; Follower is then represented with G '.

When being used for the electromechanical mixing dynamic force vehicle, also comprise an accumulator BT in this scheme, be used for the storage and the recovery of electric energy.

Specifically, first planetary gear train PG1 comprises first lap wheel R1, the first sun gear S1, first group of planet wheel P1 and the first planetary wheel carrier C1.Second planetary gear train PG2 comprises second circle wheel R2, the second sun gear S2, second group of planet wheel P2 and the second planetary wheel carrier C2.The 3rd planetary gear train PG3 comprises the 3rd circle wheel R3, the 3rd sun gear S3, the 3rd group of planet wheel P3 and the third line star wheel frame C3.The first sun gear S1 links to each other with the 3rd sun gear S3 and connects first B1 that constitutes in the five-branch system by second clutch CL2 selectively with the second circle wheel R2.The first planet carrier C1 connects second B2 that constitutes in the five-branch system selectively with the second planet carrier C2 by first clutch CL1.First lap wheel R1 the 3rd B3 in the formation five-branch system that link to each other with the third line star frame C3.The 3rd circle wheel R3 and the second sun gear S2 constitute fourth, fifth B4 and the B5 of five-branch system respectively, see Fig. 5.The five-branch system of Gou Chenging can be expressed as like this:

S1 R2S3- C1C2-R1C3-R3-S2。

Rotating component identifier this rotating component of expression of band whippletree down is separable, can be braked by brake coupling after the separation.Wherein second B2 and the 4th B4 are output branch 01 and 02.

First motor EM1 by linking with the first and the 3rd sun gear S1, S3, is connected in first S1 of five-branch system R2S3.Second motor EM2 by linking with the second sun gear S2, is connected in the 5th S2 of five-branch system, promptly last one.Input shaft SH _InBy input gear mesh G _In1 and G ' _In1 is connected in the 3rd R1C3 of the five-branch system of being made up of first lap wheel R1 and the third line star frame C3, promptly one of the centre.Output shaft SH _OutThen as required or be connected in second of five-branch system C1C2 or be connected in the 4th R3 of five-branch system.Output shaft SH _OutOn two driven gear G ' are arranged _Out1 and G ' _Out2, they are respectively by two clutch CL3 and CL4 and output shaft SH _OutCoupling is with transferring power.As output shaft SH _OutWith second of five-branch system C1When C2 connects, three-clutch CL3 engagement, four clutches CL4 separates.Power is by the axis SH that links with first and second planet carriers _CtrThrough first couple of output gear G _Out1 and G ' _Out1 is sent to output shaft SH _OutWhen output shaft connected with the 4th R3 of five-branch system, three-clutch CL3 separated, four clutches CL4 engagement.Power is via the 3rd circle wheel R3 and second couple of output gear G _Out2 and G ' _Out2 are sent to output shaft SH _Out

The present embodiment can provide four velocity nodes, and comprising a natural velocity node and three non-natural velocity nodes and four speed districts, wherein three are the district that moves ahead, and one is the district of driving in the wrong direction.First district that moves ahead is for low velocity zone, employing be the outputting power shunting mode.Second and the 3rd district that moves ahead is respectively middling speed and high velocity, the mode that is the composite power shunting of employing.Retrograde district then adopts the series hybrid transmission.Each speed district is connected in velocity node, steadily, and continuous unpowered interruption.

The corresponding relation of the working state of this stepless speed variator and clutches engaged combination and electric machine operation state is as shown in the table.

Working state	BR1	BR2	CL1	CL2	CL3	CL4	EM1	EM2
									Engine-off is parked	Engagement	Engagement	Engagement	Engagement	Engagement	Engagement	Close	Close
Engine running is parked	Engagement	Engagement	Engagement	Separate	Engagement	Separate	Generating	Close
									Engine running is parked	Engagement	Separate	Engagement	Engagement	Engagement	Separate	Generating	Generating
Neutral	Separate	Separate	Separate	Separate	Separate	Separate
									The state engine of parking igniting	Engagement	Separate	Engagement	Engagement	Engagement	Separate	Close	Electronic
The igniting of neutral state engine	Engagement	Separate	Separate	Separate	Separate	Separate	Electronic
									The first speed district	Separate	Engagement	Engagement	Separate	Engagement	Separate	Generating	Electronic
The second speed district	Separate	Separate	Engagement	Engagement	Engagement	Separate	Electronic	Generating
									The third speed district	Separate	Separate	Engagement	Engagement	Separate	Engagement	Generating	Electronic
The outputting power shunting is driven in the wrong direction and is distinguished	Separate	Engagement	Engagement	Separate	Engagement	Separate	Generating	Electronic
									Mix the retrograde district of series connection	Engagement	Engagement	Separate	Separate	Engagement	Separate	Generating	Electronic
Pure electric power list motor driving	Separate	Engagement	Separate	Separate	Engagement	Separate		Electronic
									Pure electric power Dual-motors Driving	Separate	Separate	Separate	Engagement	Engagement	Separate	Electronic	Electronic

The first speed district

The first speed district contains the low velocity zone of covering between nature velocity node to the first velocity node.The first brake coupling BR1 separates; First clutch CL1 engagement connects the first planet carrier C1 and axis SH _CtrSecond clutch CL2 separates, and makes the second circle wheel R2 break away from the first motor EM1 and first of the five-branch system that links with it.Simultaneously, second brake coupling BR2 engagement is not rotated the second circle wheel R2.Three-clutch CL3 separates; Four clutches CL4 engagement.Power is by through axis SH _Ctr, first couple of output gear G _Out1 and G ' _Out1 reaches output shaft SH _Out

At this moment, the second planetary gear train PG2 changes in quality and is simple retarder; The third line star wheel series PG3 is in unloaded state.Three systems that five-branch system is originally changed in quality and formed for by the first planetary gear train PG1.Three branches in these three systems are respectively first three branch of former five-branch system, and first still links with the first motor EM1; Second and output shaft SH _OutLink; The 3rd and input shaft SH _InLink, the second motor EM2 is connected in output shaft SH by retarder PG2 _OutSecond of place.(as shown in Figure 6).

Before vehicle launch, the second motor EM2 is in zero rotating speed state.The first motor EM1 is in the no-load running state, its rotary speed direction and internal-combustion engine direction of rotation.During vehicle launch, controller sends instruction, and the second motor EM2 provides starting torque.Except that a small amount of in-fighting, the second motor EM2 is consumed energy not.At this moment, because vehicle still remains static, the still unpowered requirement of driving wheel only has torque demand.The driving wheel starting torque is fully from the second motor EM2.Internal-combustion engine does not provide any starting torque this moment, so noenergy or power output.Along with the increase of Motor torque, vehicle, is started to walk forward to moving by quiet.The second motor EM2 also begins to rotate thereupon.The rotating speed of the first motor EM1 then reduces gradually.At this moment, the second motor EM2 begins consumed power.The electric energy of this part consumption is provided by electric machine controller CTL is all or part of by the first motor EM1.Be the torque load of the balance first motor EM1, internal-combustion engine provides necessary moment of torsion at this moment.Behind the vehicle launch, the moment of torsion of driving wheel is shared by the internal-combustion engine and the second motor EM2, thereby the moment of torsion of the second motor EM2 is reduced gradually.

Along with the raising of car speed, the rotating speed of the second motor EM2 improves constantly its moment of torsion and then constantly descends.On the contrary, the rotating speed of the first motor EM1 constantly reduces, until being reduced to zero.This moment, the first motor EM1 arrived its speed zero point.Correspondingly, speed changer arrives its first velocity node.If there be not inputing or outputing of electric power in the electric chain, the moment of torsion of the second motor EM2 will overlap with the speed of the first motor EM1 zero point zero point.The ratio PR of power that electric chain transmitted and transmission input shaft power is by following function representation.

$\mathrm{PR}=1-\left(\frac{K_1+1}{K_1}\right)\left(\frac{K_{\mathrm{in}}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_1}}\right)\&CenterDot;\mathrm{SR}$

0≤SR≤SR ₁

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="SR"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">SR</figure-callout>}}_1=\left(\frac{K_1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_1+1}\right)\left(\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_1}}{K_{\mathrm{in}}}\right)$

Wherein SR is speed changer output and input shaft rotational speed ratio, K ₁Be the feature speed ratio of first planetary gear train, K _InBe input gear mesh driven gear G ' _In1 with driving gear G _In1 gear ratio, K _{Out_1}Be the first output gear centering driving gear G _Out1 with driven gear G ' _Out1 gear ratio, SR ₁It is first velocity node.

The second speed district

First velocity node is the separation in the first speed district and the second speed district.Medium velocity district between first and second velocity nodes is called the second speed district.In the second speed district, speed changer is used the mode of compound shunting instead.When the speed ratio of speed changer reached the first segment point value, second clutch CL2 engagement connected first of five-branch system at the second circle wheel R2 and the first motor EM1 and place.This moment second, the circle wheel R2 and the first motor EM1 were zero rotating speed, and therefore, the engagement of second clutch CL2 is to finish under synchronous naturally condition.Follow the engagement of second clutch CL2 closely, the second brake coupling BR2 begins to separate.In the second speed district, first clutch CL1 still keeps the identical state with the first speed district with the first brake coupling BR1, i.e. first clutch CL1 engagement, the first brake coupling BR1 separate.Similarly, the third and fourth clutch CL3, CL4 also keep the identical state with the first speed district, i.e. three-clutch CL3 engagement, four clutches CL4 separate.Power is by axis SH _Ctr, through first couple of output gear G _Out1 and G ' _Out1 reaches output shaft SH _Out

From each connection situation of branching system, first of five-branch system still is coupled to the first motor EM1, and second is coupled to output shaft SH _Out, the 3rd is coupled to input shaft SH _In, the 4th is in unloaded state, and the 5th then is coupled to the second motor EM2.

Along with the raising of car speed, the speed ratio of speed changer further increases, and surmounts the first velocity node value.The rotating speed of the first motor EM1 begins to turning to identical direction to increase with internal-combustion engine by zero.The rotating speed of the second motor EM2 then begins to descend.If the electric chain unregulated power inputs or outputs, the moment of torsion of the second motor EM2 should be by zero to increasing in the other direction.At this moment, the second motor EM2 plays a part generator, provides electric energy to the first motor EM1 or system.The first motor EM1 then plays motor, converts electric energy to mechanical energy.

Under the situation that the electric chain unregulated power inputs or outputs, electric chain with the dynamic branch of input shaft than PR is:

$\mathrm{PR}=\frac{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_1+1)(1-K_1{K}_2)K_{\mathrm{in}}}{K_1({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1)K_{\mathrm{out}\_1}}\&CenterDot;\mathrm{SR}-\frac{K_1{K}_2{K}_{\mathrm{out}\_1}}{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1)K_{\mathrm{in}}}\&CenterDot;\frac{1}{\mathrm{SR}}+\frac{2K_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+K_2-1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1}$

SR ₁≤SR≤SR ₂

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="SR"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">SR</figure-callout>}}_2=\left(\frac{K_1{K}_2}{K_1{K}_2-1}\right)\left(\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_1}}{K_{\mathrm{in}}}\right)$

K wherein ₂Be the feature speed ratio of second planetary gear train, SR ₂Be the second speed node.

At the first velocity node SR ₁With second speed node SR ₂The geometrical mean point, PR obtains maximum value.This maximum value is:

Wherein

Be the ratio of the second speed node and first velocity node, be called the span or the internode distance in the second speed district.

When the rotating speed of the second motor EM2 dropped to zero with the further increase of car speed, the speed ratio of speed changer arrived its second velocity node.Can find out that from the representation of above-mentioned PR at the second speed node, the electric chain dynamic branch is zero, all power is transmitted by mechanical chain.

The third speed district

The second speed node is the separation in second speed district and third speed district.The above high velocity of Section Point is the third speed district.Still adopt the mode of composite power shunting at third speed district speed changer.Different with the second speed district is output shaft is by to five-branch system the 4th of second reconfiguration of the five-branch system at original place.For this reason, at the second speed node place of speed changer, four clutches CL4 engagement, three-clutch CL3 separates.Other clutch comprises that the engagement of brake coupling then maintains the original state, and is identical with the second speed district.Power is taken turns R3 through gear G by the 3rd circle _Out2 and G ' _Out2 are sent to output shaft SH _Out

For guaranteeing four clutches CL4 when engagement, gear G ' _Out2 with output shaft SH _OutSynchronization, output gear G _Out2 with gear G ' _Out2 gear ratio K _{Out_2}Should satisfy following relation:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_1}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_2}}=\frac{K_1{K}_2{K}_3-K_3-K_1-1}{K_1{K}_2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_3}$

This ratio is the ratio of distance and second to the 5th the distance of the 4th to the 5th of five-branch system just.That is:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_1}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_2}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{4\&RightArrow;5}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{2\&RightArrow;5}}$

Near second speed node or node, the commutation of the moment of torsion of the second motor EM2.When car speed continued to increase, the second motor EM2 rotating speed was from newly beginning rising; The rotating speed of the first motor EM1 then begins to descend, until zero point.This moment, speed changer arrived its 3rd velocity node SR ₃

Under the situation that the electric chain unregulated power inputs or outputs, the electric power split ratio PR in third speed district is:

$\mathrm{PR}=\frac{(1-K_1{K}_2)K_3{K}_{\mathrm{in}}}{K_1({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1)K_{\mathrm{out}\_2}}\&CenterDot;\mathrm{SR}-\frac{(K_1{K}_2{K}_3-K_3-K_1-1)({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_3+1)K_{\mathrm{out}\_2}}{K_1({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1)K_3{K}_{\mathrm{in}}}\&CenterDot;\frac{1}{\mathrm{SR}}+\frac{2(K_1{K}_2{K}_3-K_3-K_1-1)}{K_1({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1)}+1$

SR ₂≤SR

K wherein ₃Feature speed ratio for the third line star wheel series.Be not difficult to find out that from last equation the third speed node is positioned at:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="SR"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">SR</figure-callout>}}_3=\left(\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_3+1}{K_3}\right)\left(\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_2}}{K_{\mathrm{in}}}\right)=\frac{K_1{K}_2({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_3+1)}{K_1{K}_2{K}_3-K_3-K_1-1}\left(\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_1}}{K_{\mathrm{in}}}\right)$

Similarly, at second speed node SE ₂With third speed node SE ₃The geometrical mean point, PR reaches maximum value.

Wherein

Be the ratio of third speed node and second speed node, be called the span in third speed district.

For the reasonable use motor, the peak output of each speed district motor should be identical as much as possible or close.This requires the span in second speed district, and the span with the third speed district is identical as far as possible.That is:

This requirement defines three planetary gear train feature speed ratio K ₁, K ₂And K ₃Between relation.

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_3=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_1^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1}{K_1{K}_2-1}$

The total span in two composite powers shunting speed district (promptly second and third speed district) is:

Drive in the wrong direction and distinguish

Nature node SR ₀Speed district below=0 is called the district of driving in the wrong direction.In order to limit the electric chain dynamic branch than PR, avoid power to reflux or the interior circulation of power, retrograde district can adopt the mode of dynamo-electric series connection to pass on power.For this reason, first brake coupling BR1 engagement prevents the first planetary wheel carrier C1 to rotate.First clutch CL1 separates, and makes the first planetary wheel carrier C1 break away from axis SH _CtrSecond clutch CL2 separates, and makes the second circle wheel R2 break away from the first motor EM1 and the first and the 3rd sun gear S1, S3.Simultaneously, the second circle wheel R2 is fixed in second brake coupling BR2 engagement.Three-clutch CL3 separates, four clutches CL4 engagement.Power is by axis SH _CtrThrough first couple of output gear G _Out1 and G ' _Out1 is sent to output shaft SH _Out

When driving in the wrong direction starting, internal-combustion engine by the first planetary gear train PG1 (being equivalent to speed increaser this moment) speedup after the drive first motor EM1, mechanical energy is converted to electric energy.The electric energy that first motor produces is sent to the second motor EM2 via controller CTL.The second motor EM2 is converted to mechanical energy again with electric energy, and by the second planetary gear train PG2 (this moment be retarder) deceleration, delivers to axis after increasing square.At last by axis SH _CtrBe sent to output shaft SH _Out

In fact, the mode of electromechanics series connection also can be used for the district that moves ahead.

Neutral and parking

First embodiment also can provide other working staties that comprise neutral.Obviously, when all clutches all were in separated state, this stepless speed variator was in the neutral state.In addition, also have other multiple clutch working state combinations can make speed changer be in neutral state (as above shown in the table).

Parking then can be by meshing first clutch CL1 and the first brake coupling BR1 finishes simultaneously.

Other working staties

In addition, speed changer also can be used for the ignition trigger of internal-combustion engine in first embodiment.The ignition trigger of internal-combustion engine can be finished by among two motor EM1, the EM2 any one.For example, when first brake coupling BR1 engagement, and other all clutches comprise when brake coupling all separates, and can utilize the first motor EM1 to come starting apparatus combustion engine.

When being equipped with energy storage device, this stepless speed variator also can provide electromechanical mixing dynamic force working state and pure work about electric power state.In the electromechanical mixing dynamic force working state, the power (electric power) that is transmitted between two motor EM1, the EM2 no longer keeps balance.The electric energy of a generation that motor is changed may be greater or less than the electric energy of another motor institute conversion consumption.At this moment, no longer be the moment of torsion zero point of another motor speed zero point of a motor.The position of Motor torque pairing transmission gear ratio node at zero point changes, but motor speed pairing speed ratio node location at zero point is constant.Because this moment, motor was born the task of speed regulation and power adjustment simultaneously, the rated power of motor should be not less than the product of electric chain maximum power split ratio and input shaft rated power.

Pure work about electric power state comprises single machine operation and dual-motor working state again.

Be not difficult to find out that when the linking point in each speed district carried out the conversion of speed district, corresponding clutch comprised the engagement of brake coupling or separates and all carries out under the state of natural synchronization.Therefore, this stepless speed variator can adopt simple engaged clutch, and need not comparatively complicated the friction type clutch.

Embodiment 2:

As shown in Figure 7, compare, increased a pair of output gear G with embodiment 1 _Out3 and G _Out' 3 and one a clutch CL5.Correspondingly, increased the speed district of a composite power shunting more.In other words, this embodiment can provide four move ahead district and the districts of driving in the wrong direction.Comprise an outputting power shunting speed district and three composite power shunting speed districts in these four districts that move ahead.

Output gear is to G _Out3 and G ' _OutDriving gear G in 3 _Out3 with axis SH _CtrLink, insert five-branch system second, follower G ' _Out3 by clutch CL5 and output shaft SH _OutDo selectable connection.Except that the composite power shunting speed district of last increase, the working state of other speed district motors of second embodiment and the clutch situation and first embodiment of clutch are identical.Therefore, no longer repeat.The 4th below only just newly-increased speed district does necessary introduction.

The 4th speed district

The 3rd node is the separation in the third and fourth speed district and is connected point.The 4th speed district is positioned at the above high velocity of the 3rd node.The 4th speed district adopts and the identical composite power shunting mode in second speed district, and speed changer repeats the working condition in second speed district.The 5th clutch CL5 engagement this moment that different is, the 4th separates with three-clutch CL4, CL3.Power is by axis SH _CtrThrough the 3rd couple of output gear G _Out3 and G ' _Out3, rather than first couple of original output gear G _Out1 and G ' _Out1, be sent to output shaft SH _Out

As mentioned above, the third speed node of speed changer is the speed zero point of the first motor EM1.The rotating speed of the first motor EM1 gos up when the speed ratio of speed changer further increases, the moment of torsion commutation.Therefore, the first motor EM1 changes its working state, becomes motor by generator.At third speed place at zero point, the rotating speed of the second motor EM2 begins to descend.Near third speed node place (when electric chain unregulated power output or input time) or third speed node (when electric chain has the electric power input output), the second motor EM2 arrives its moment of torsion zero point.Pass moment of torsion after zero point, the moment of torsion of the second motor EM2 is to increasing in the other direction.At this moment, the second motor EM2 changes working state, becomes generator by motor.

For guaranteeing when the output gear conversion of third speed node place (by second pair of output gear to the 3rd pair of output gear conversion), the second and the 3rd secondary speed is synchronous, the gear ratio K that second output gear is right _{Out_2}The gear ratio K right with the 3rd output gear _{Out_3}Between should satisfy following relation:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_2}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_3}}=\frac{K_1{K}_3}{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_1+1)({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_3+1)}$

This ratio is the ratio of second to first distance and the 4th to first distance in the five-branch system just, that is:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_2}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_3}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{2\&RightArrow;1}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{4\&RightArrow;1}}$

Because the 4th speed district repeats the working state in second speed district, therefore under the situation that no electric chain electric power inputs or outputs, the formula of electric chain dynamic branch ratio is similar to the formula of second speed district dynamic branch ratio:

$\mathrm{PR}=\frac{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_1+1)(1-K_1{K}_2)K_{\mathrm{in}}}{K_1({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1)K_{\mathrm{out}\_3}}\&CenterDot;\mathrm{SR}-\frac{K_1{K}_2{K}_{\mathrm{out}\_3}}{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1)K_{\mathrm{in}}}\&CenterDot;\frac{1}{\mathrm{SR}}+\frac{2K_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+K_2-1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+1}$

SR ₃≤SR≤SR ₄

Embodiment 3:

As shown in Figure 8, similarly, if on the basis of second embodiment, increase a pair of output gear G again _Out4 and G ' _Out4 and clutch CL6, and the driving wheel G that output gear is right _Out4 are connected to the 4th of five-branch system at the 3rd circle wheel R3 place, follower G ' _Out4 by clutch CL6 selectively with output shaft SH _OutBe coupled.Compare with embodiment 2, obtained the speed district of a composite power shunting again, be i.e. the 4th composite power shunting speed district.By TAS true airspeed district order before total, the speed district of this composite power shunting is called the 5th speed district.

The separation in the 4th speed district and the 5th speed district is the 4th velocity node.The position of the 4th velocity node exists:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="SR"\; filenames="C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">SR</figure-callout>}}_4=\frac{K_1{K}_2}{K_1{K}_2-1}\left(\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_3}}{K_{\mathrm{in}}}\right)$

The 4th speed district is when the transition of the 5th speed district, and the 6th clutch CL6 meshes, and the 5th clutch CL5 separates.In the 5th speed district, this stepless speed variator repeats the working state in third speed district.For guaranteeing the 4th speed district when the transition of the 5th speed district, driven gear G ' _Out4 with output shaft SH _OutSynchronously, the right gear ratio of right gear ratio of the 4th output gear and the 3rd output gear satisfies following relation:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_3}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_4}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{4\&RightArrow;5}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{2\&RightArrow;5}}$

Adopt similar method can constantly increase new speed district, thus the embodiment of deriving and making new advances.Here no longer repeat.They all belong to the scope of lid that contains of the present invention.

Conclusion is got up, and the basic characteristics of above-mentioned three embodiments are to create a five-branch system, and with five branches and the input shaft SH of five-branch system _In, output shaft SH _OutDo following the connection with two motor EM1, EM2: first in first motor EM1 connection; One (the 5th) that second motor EM2 connection is last; Input shaft SH _InOne (the 3rd) in the middle of the connection; Output shaft SH _OutThen according to circumstances optionally connect second or the 4th of branch both sides among the next-door neighbour.

In fact, can further derive to above-mentioned design philosophy.Fixing output shaft SH _OutIn the middle branch of five-branch system, and alternately connect input shaft SH _InTo second or the 4th effect that also can play similar conversion rate district.

Embodiment 4:

Shown in Fig. 9,10, this scheme comprises three simple planetary gear train PG1, PG2 and PG3, two motor EM1 and EM2, an input shaft SH _In, an output shaft SH _Out, four clutch CL1, CL2, CL10 and CL11, two brake coupling BR1, BR2 and two couples of input gear G _In1, G ' _In1 and G _In2, G ' _In2.

Each planetary gear train has three coaxial rotation parts, and promptly circle is taken turns R1, R2 or R3, sun gear S1, S2 or S3, planet wheel P1, P2 or P3 and planet carrier C1, C2 or C3.Three planetary gear train can five-branch system composed as follows on request:

S1 R2-R3- C1C2C3-R1-S2S3

Taking turns R2 by the first sun gear S1 and second circle for first connects and composes.Taking turns R3 by the 3rd circle for second constitutes.The 3rd by the one the second and the third line star frame C1, C2 and C3 connect and compose.Taking turns R1 by first lap for the 4th constitutes.The 5th is connected and composed by the second sun gear S2 and the 3rd sun gear S3.Represent whippletree under the symbol of each rotating component to represent that this rotating component can separate with other rotating components and can brake by brake coupling.

The first motor EM1 forever is connected with the first sun gear S1 and inserts first of five-branch system by its.The second motor EM2 forever is connected with the 3rd sun gear S2, S3 with second and inserts the 5th of five-branch system by their.Output shaft SH _OutWith second and the third line star frame C2, C3 forever links and insert the 3rd of five-branch system by their.Input shaft SH _InThen according to circumstances or with first lap wheel R1 be coupled, link the 4th of five-branch system or be coupled, link five-branch system second with the 3rd circle wheel R3.

This embodiment is identical with embodiment 1, and three preceding TAS true airspeed districts and a retrograde speed district are provided.In drive in the wrong direction district and first, second preceding TAS true airspeed district, motor EM1, the working state and first embodiment of EM2 and clutch CL1, CL2, BR1, BR2 are identical, will not repeat here.In district and preceding two the speed districts of driving in the wrong direction, clutch CL10 engagement, clutch CL11 separates.Power is by input shaft SH _InThrough first couple of input gear G _In1 and G ' _In1 sends into first lap wheel R1.

TAS true airspeed district before the 3rd, clutch CL11 engagement, clutch CL10 separates, and power is by input shaft SH _InThrough second couple of input gear G _In2 and G ' _In2 send into the 3rd circle wheel R3.The linking point in second speed district and third speed district is the velocity node of speed changer, i.e. the speed zero point of the second motor EM2.At this moment, input gear G _In2 by input shaft SH _InSynchronously.

The number of teeth of first pair of input gear follower and the gear ratio K of driving wheel _{In_1}With the follower of second pair of input gear and the gear ratio K of driving wheel _{In_2}Between should satisfy following relation:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{in}\_1}}{K_{\mathrm{in}\_2}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800271.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{2\&RightArrow;5}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_{4\&RightArrow;5}}=\frac{K_1{K}_2({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20041002127800261.png,C20041002127800291.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_3+1)}{K_3(K_1{K}_2-1)}$

Similarly, can adopt the mode that increases the input gear mesh to increase the speed district of composite power shunting based on the 4th embodiment.

Claims (10)

1. an energy-efficient electromechanics mixes stepless speed variator, comprise three coaxial planetary gear train, two motors, a controller, two power transmission shafts, at least two clutches, each planetary gear train has at least three coaxial rotation parts, it is characterized in that described three planetary gear train are coupled into the compound planetary train and constitute a five-branch system, and the rotating speed of every system vector terminal point is straight line, each branch of this five-branch system is done being connected of following mode with the motor of stepless speed variator and power transmission shaft: first of five-branch system connects with first motor, five-branch system last branch-promptly the 5th and second motor link, the 3rd of one of the centre of five-branch system-promptly links with first power transmission shaft, second power transmission shaft then by clutch selectively with other branch couplings of five-branch system, be electrically connected and transmit mutually electric energy between two motors by controller.

2. the energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes according to claim 1 is characterized in that first power transmission shaft is an input shaft, and second power transmission shaft is output shaft.

3. the energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes according to claim 2, it is characterized in that also comprising at least two pairs of output gears, every pair of output gear comprises a driving wheel and a follower that is engaged with, driving wheel links with second and the 4th of five-branch system respectively, is numbered the driving wheel of odd number and second and links; Being numbered the driving wheel of even number and the 4th links, output shaft is coupled with outputting power with follower by number order selectively by clutch, when output shaft and driven gear when coupling that is numbered odd number, power by second of the five-branch system master and slave output gear through identical numbering to being sent to output shaft; When output shaft and driven gear when coupling that is numbered even number, to being sent to output shaft, the gear ratio of two pairs of adjacent output gears keeps following relation to power by the 4th of the five-branch system master and slave output gear through identical numbering:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_(2n-1)}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_\left(2n\right)}}=\frac{L_{4\&RightArrow;5}}{L_{2\&RightArrow;5}}$

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{out}\_\left(2n\right)}}{K_{\mathrm{out}\_(2n+1)}}=\frac{L_{2\&RightArrow;1}}{L_{4\&RightArrow;1}}$

L wherein _{4 → 5}Be the distance between the 4th to the 5th of five-branch system; L _{2 → 5}It is the distance between second to the 5th; L _{2 → 1}It is the distance between second to first; L _{4 → 1}Be the distance between the 4th to first, K _{Out_ ()}Represent each gear ratio to output gear, the formula value in the bracket is represented the right numbering of output gear, and wherein n is the positive integer greater than zero.

4. the energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes according to claim 1 is characterized in that first power transmission shaft is an output shaft, and second power transmission shaft is input shaft.

5. the energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes according to claim 4, it is characterized in that this stepless speed variator also comprises at least two pairs of input gears, every pair of input gear is made up of a driving wheel and a follower that is engaged with, and imports follower in the gear and the 4th of five-branch system links for first pair; The follower of second pair of input in the gear links with second of five-branch system, input shaft by clutch respectively with two pairs of output gears in driving wheel connect first couple of gear ratio K that imports gear selectively _{In_1}Gear ratio K with second pair of input gear _{In_2}Keep following relation:

$\frac{K_{\mathrm{in}\_1}}{K_{\mathrm{in}\_2}}=\frac{L_{2\&RightArrow;5}}{L_{4\&RightArrow;5}}$

6. the energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes according to claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising an accumulator, and this accumulator links with two motors respectively by controller, and provides or accept the electric energy that motor provides by demand to motor.

7. the energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that providing at least one outputting power shunting speed district and at least one composite power shunting speed district, outputting power shunting speed district is connected mutually with first composite power shunting speed district, and being connected point is motor speed zero point, and the span in each composite power shunting speed district is identical or close, said composite power shunting speed district is connected each other, and the linking point is the speed zero point of motor.

8. the energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes according to claim 1 is characterized in that providing a dynamo-electric train, the power load mode during as this stepless speed variator inverted running.

9. the energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that having at least a clutch is engaged clutch.

10. the energy-efficient dynamo-electric stepless speed variator that mixes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that providing at least one outputting power shunting speed district and at least two composite power shunting speed districts, outputting power shunting speed district is connected mutually with first composite power shunting speed district, is connected point and is first velocity node of speed changer; Adjacent composite power shunting speed district is connected mutually, is connected point and is the next velocity node of speed changer.

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