CN100389221C - High fluidity evaporative pattern casting magnesium alloy and smelting method thereof - Google Patents
High fluidity evaporative pattern casting magnesium alloy and smelting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100389221C CN100389221C CNB031509266A CN03150926A CN100389221C CN 100389221 C CN100389221 C CN 100389221C CN B031509266 A CNB031509266 A CN B031509266A CN 03150926 A CN03150926 A CN 03150926A CN 100389221 C CN100389221 C CN 100389221C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an evaporative pattern casting magnesium alloy with high flow and a smelting method thereof. On the basis of the existing Mg-Al-Zn serial AZ91 alloy, the components of the alloy are redesigned to enhance the content of Al in the alloy and reduce the content of Zn, Ce-enriched mixed rare earth RE and a Ti element are added, and the content of a Be element is also properly increased to improve the casting property of the magnesium alloy and enhance the fluidity of the magnesium alloy so as to cause the magnesium alloy to have high tensile strength and yield strength. After the magnesium alloy is smelted, low-pressure casting is carried out by using casting ladle and casting or using compressed gas in a low-pressure casting furnace; under the circumstance of no obvious enhancement of alloy cost, the evaporative pattern casting magnesium alloy with high flow of the present invention has the characteristics of strong mold-filling capacity, good casting formability, high comprehensive mechanical property and low price and has wide market application prospect.
Description
Technical field:
What the present invention relates to is a kind of cast magnesium alloys, and especially a kind of high workability lost foam casting magnesium alloy and melting method thereof belong to metallic substance and metallurgical class field.
Background technology:
Magnesium alloy is a structured material the lightest in the practical application, advantage such as it has, and light specific gravity, specific tenacity height, specific rigidity height, damping capacity are good, excellent cutting performance and reproducible utilization.Be applied to fields such as automobile, electronics, household electrical appliances, communication, instrument and space flight and aviation just more and more widely.Casting is the main manufacturing process of magnesium alloy.At present the magnesium alloy sand mold that mainly adopts die casting and have a binding agent is cast.Lost foam casting (being called for short LFC or EPC) is considered to substitute a kind of cost-effective green New Casting Technique of conventional cast explained hereafter high quality precise forming foundry goods, it is an important development direction of casting technique, be described as " foundry engieering of 21 century " [Huang Naiyu, Luo Jirong, leaf is peaceful. lost foam casting technology geared to the 21st century. and Special Processes of Metal Castings and non-ferrous alloy, 1998 (4): 37-40].The ultimate principle of LFC is to adopt with required foundry goods shape, the identical foam mould of size to replace mold to carry out moulding, apperance is not taken out and is the entity casting mold, and the molten metal that pours into forms the ideal foundry goods after making the foam plastics mould vaporization and replacing the occupied space of Foam Pattern.Magnesium alloy evaporative-pattern casting is advanced material and advanced technologies bonded new technology, will show great potential in the part production application of complicated inner cavity, somatotype difficulty, thin-walled, small diameter bore.At present relevant lost foam casting research and using mainly concentrates on cast iron, cast steel and the cast aluminium, about the report of magnesium alloy aspect few.
Although lost foam casting has a series of unique technique advantages, but because in the lost foam casting mould filling process, the magnesium melt at first must make the foam plastics mould pyrolysis, the foam plastics mould pyrolysis will consume a large amount of magnesium liquid heats, making magnesium liquid fill type forward position temperature descends, and flowability [the Zili Liu of reduction magnesium melt, JingyuHu, Wen jiang Ding, etc.Effect of Processing Parameters on Mold Fillingin Magnesium Alloy EPC Process.AFS Transactions, 2001,109:1425-1438].On the other hand, the thermal content of magnesium melt is lower, and owing to have the crystallization range of broad, so that itself is mobile relatively poor.Amid all these factors, often owing to illiquidity, cavity filling ability is poor for the lost foam casting magnesium alloy, and foundry goods easily produces defectives such as misrun, misrun, uses in actual production thereby restricted the magnesium alloy evaporative-pattern casting technology.
The most frequently used magnesium alloy is the AZ91 alloy of Mg-Al-Zn series at present, and this alloy has obtained using widely because of having good comprehensive mechanical performance and cheap price.But in the lost foam casting process, seem that still flowability is poor, cavity filling ability is not enough, yield rate is low.In fact, the characteristic of magnesium alloy materials is very important to the formulation of casting technique, even has determined the performance of foundry goods to a certain extent.Therefore, the casting fluidity of magnesium alloy is the focus that manufacturer pays close attention to naturally.Alloy flowability depends on many factors, comprises chemical ingredients, weave construction, casting temp and the mold temperature etc. of alloy.And under the certain situation of casting temp and mold temperature, flowability depends primarily on the chemical ingredients and the weave construction of alloy.Therefore, in order to improve the flowability of lost foam casting magnesium alloy, improve finished casting rate, necessary chemical ingredients to existing magnesium alloy is adjusted, and develops novel high workability disappearance mould magnesium alloy.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to deficiency at existing magnesium alloy flowability, a kind of high workability lost foam casting magnesium alloy and melting method thereof are proposed, make the magnesium alloy that obtains have good lost foam casting processability, higher comprehensive mechanical performance and cheap characteristics, have better market prospect.
For realizing such purpose, the present invention is from improving the flowability of lost foam casting magnesium alloy, on the basis of the AZ91 of existing Mg-Al-Zn series alloy, composition to alloy redesigns, and has improved the Al content in the alloy, has reduced Zn content, has added rich Ce mishmetal RE and Ti element, increased the content of Be element in right amount, to improve the magnesium alloy cast performance, improve its flowability, and make it to have high tensile strength and yield strength.
Component prescription of the present invention (mass percent) is: 7.5-10%Al, 0.2-0.45%Zn, 0.1-0.5%Mn, 0.05-0.2%Be, 0.6-1.2%RE (rich Ce mishmetal), 0.05-0.2%Ti, restriction impurity element Si≤0.01%, Fe≤0.004%, Cu≤0.015%, Ni≤0.002%, all the other are Mg.
The melting method of high workability lost foam casting magnesium alloy of the present invention is as follows: at CO
2+ SF
6Under the gas shield; in smelting furnace, add the exsiccant pure magnesium; simultaneously, in stove, be sprinkled into small amount of magnesium alloy melting insulating covering agent, treat that wholeization of magnesium are clear after; add alloy element Al, Zn, Mn, RE, Be, Ti; wherein Al, Zn add with the form of industrial pure Al and technical pure Zn respectively, and Mn adds with the form of AlMn master alloy, and RE adds with the form of pure RE or MgRE master alloy; Be adds with the form of pure Be or AlBe master alloy, and Ti adds with the form of AlTi master alloy.Alloy liquid is warmed up to 710-740 ℃, adds refining agent refining 5-15 minute, leave standstill 10-20 minute after, skimming operation.When the alloy liquid temp can adopt the casting ladle cast at 710-750 ℃, perhaps in the low-pressure casting stove, adopt pressurized gas to carry out low-pressure casting.
Studies show that the content of Al and Be element is the principal element that influences alloy flowability, the flowability that they influence this alloy melt by superheating temperature under the change temperature of fusion and antioxidant property respectively.The content that increases aluminium helps improving the flowability of alloy.The flowability of Mg-Al-Zn series magnesium alloy also has confidential relation with its oxidation-resistance, resistance of oxidation is strong more, and fluidity of molten is good more, because beryllium is a surface active element for magnesium, so when in magnesium alloy, adding Trace Beryllium, can improve the resistance of oxidation of magnesium liquid.But the add-on of beryllium is too much unsuitable, too much will cause grain coarsening, worsens the mechanical property of alloy, and increases hot cracking tendency.Therefore, can effectively strengthen the antioxidant property of this alloy by adding the Be element, thereby improve its fluidity of molten.
RE can improve the magnesium alloy cast performance, reduces crystal boundary low melting point precipitate, increase flowability, and can improve the alloy comprehensive mechanical property, and RE is abundant at China's reserves, and cost is low.The present invention is by the reinforcement of RE to crystal boundary, and utilizes itself and Zn,, alloying elements such as Al, Be reasonably combined, it is suitable with the AZ91 magnesium alloy to have obtained tensile strength and yield strength, and the mobile lost foam casting magnesium alloy that is better than the AZ91 magnesium alloy.And do not contain noble element in this alloy, with low cost.Under identical teeming temperature, the good fluidity of this magnesium alloy, forming ability is strong.Be the adding owing to ignition-proof element on the one hand, oxide inclusion reduces in the alloy melt flow process, thereby has reduced the viscosity of liquid, has improved flowability; On the other hand, the rare earth phase Al that occurs in the alloy
4The RE formation temperature is higher than Mg
17Al
12About 100 ℃ of formation temperature, approach alloy liquid phase line temperature, and in alloy graining process, emit a large amount of heats, slowed down setting rate, make mobile the raising.
Ti adds in the magnesium melt, in process of setting, the solubleness that Ti is extremely low makes its enrichment in spreading area, liquid-solid interface forward position, so not only hindered the diffusion of Al atom before the interface, thereby suppressed the growth of dendrite, and before liquid-solid interface, produce bigger constitutional supercooling, thereby activated the forming core of forming core particle in the constitutional supercooling district.Simultaneously, Ti may form the TiC compound with the molten intravital C of magnesium, and the lattice parameter mismatch of this compound and magnesium is very little, can be used as the substrate of heterogeneous forming core, thereby the quantity of heterogeneous core when having increased magnesium alloy solidification makes alloy structure refinement more.TiC is to the improvement of grain refining in the lost foam casting magnesium alloy and β phase morphology, eliminated the thick relative matrix of compound isolate and to the attenuation of crystal boundary, improved the possibility that slippage in the alloy and viscous deformation mode such as twin are started, so the plasticity of alloy is improved.Simultaneously, because the raising of tension test interalloy deformation strengthening ability, the overall tensile strength of alloy also increases.
The present invention has substantial progress and wide commercial application prospect, improved the comprehensive mechanical property of flowability, lost foam casting processability and the alloy of alloy greatly, and alloy is cheap.The alloy flow performance adopts the spin test method to analyze, and flow index is determined by the length of solidifying of this alloy in the spiral mould.The low-carbon (LC) crucible is adopted in melting; under protective atmosphere; melt is warmed up to 720 ℃; be incubated 20 minutes; directly pour in the resin sand spiral mould, every kind of sample is cast 5 times, and each amount of pouring into remains unchanged; the preheating temperature of mould is 250 ℃ at every turn, and the flowability of the alloy that records as stated above is higher than 280mm.Magnesium alloy room temperature tensile strength, yield strength, elongation are respectively greater than 150MPa, 95MPa, 2.5% under the lost foam casting condition, and the mobile length of alloy is greater than 290mm.
Embodiment:
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
Alloying constituent (weight percent): 7.5%Al, 0.45%Zn, 0.3%Mn, 0.05%Be, 0.6%RE (rich Ce mishmetal), 0.2%Ti, restriction impurity element Si≤0.01%, Fe≤0.004%, Cu≤0.015%, Ni≤0.002%, all the other are Mg.
According to mentioned component configuration alloy, at CO
2+ SF
6Under the gas shield; in electrical crucible, add pure magnesium 8550 grams; in stove, be sprinkled into small amount of magnesium alloy melting insulating covering agent afterwards; after alloy melts fully; successively add commercial-purity aluminium 180 grams, industrial-purity zinc 45 grams, Al-10Mn alloy 300 grams, Mg-10RE alloy 600 grams, Al-10Ti alloy 200 grams, Al-4Be alloy 125 grams; alloy liquid is fully stirred in the dissolving back; persistently overheating during to 740 ℃ with refining agent refining 10 minutes; drag for surface scum; be incubated static 20 minutes then; when alloy temperature reaches 735 ℃, promptly available casting ladle cast.Magnesium alloy room temperature tensile strength, yield strength and the unit elongation of this example are respectively 158MPa, 97MPa, 2.7%.The mobile length of alloy is 298mm, and the lost foam casting cavity filling ability is good.
Embodiment 2:
Alloying constituent (weight percent): 8%Al, 0.2%Zn, 0.5%Mn, 0.2%Be, 1.2%RE (rich Ce mishmetal), 0.05%Ti, restriction impurity element Si≤0.01%, Fe≤0.004%, Cu≤0.015%, Ni≤0.002%, all the other are Mg.
According to mentioned component configuration alloy, at CO
2+ SF
6Under the gas shield; in electrical crucible, add pure magnesium 8985 grams; in stove, be sprinkled into small amount of magnesium alloy melting insulating covering agent afterwards; after alloy melts fully; successively add commercial-purity aluminium 305 grams, industrial-purity zinc 20 grams, Al-10Mn alloy 500 grams, RE alloy 120 grams, Al-10Ti alloy 50 grams, Be alloy 20 grams; alloy liquid is fully stirred in the dissolving back; persistently overheating during to 740 ℃ with refining agent refining 10 minutes; drag for surface scum; be incubated static 20 minutes then; when alloy temperature reaches 750 ℃, promptly available casting ladle cast.Magnesium alloy room temperature tensile strength, yield strength and the unit elongation of this example are respectively 165MPa, 103MPa, 3.1%.The mobile length of alloy is 305mm, and the lost foam casting cavity filling ability is good.
Embodiment 3:
Alloying constituent (weight percent): 9.5%Al, 0.3%Zn, 0.1%Mn, 0.15%Be, 0.8%RE (rich Ce mishmetal), 0.1%Ti, restriction impurity element Si≤0.01%, Fe≤0.004%, Cu≤0.015%, Ni≤0.002%, all the other are Mg.
According to mentioned component configuration alloy, at CO
2+ SF
6Under the gas shield; in electrical crucible, add pure magnesium 8185 grams; in stove, be sprinkled into small amount of magnesium alloy melting insulating covering agent afterwards; after alloy melts fully; successively add commercial-purity aluminium 410 grams, industrial-purity zinc 30 grams, Al-10Mn alloy 100 grams, Mg-10RE alloy 800 grams, Al-10Ti alloy 100 grams, Al-4Be alloy 375 grams; alloy liquid is fully stirred in the dissolving back; persistently overheating during to 730 ℃ with refining agent refining 10 minutes; drag for surface scum; be incubated static 20 minutes then; when alloy temperature reaches 740 ℃, promptly available casting ladle cast.Magnesium alloy room temperature tensile strength, yield strength and the unit elongation of this example are respectively 169MPa, 99MPa, 2.9%.The mobile length of alloy is 310mm, and the lost foam casting cavity filling ability is good.
Claims (3)
1. high workability lost foam casting magnesium alloy, its component prescription mass percent is: 7.5-10%Al, 0.2-0.45%Zn, 0.1-0.5%Mn, 0.05-0.2%Be, the rich Ce mishmetal of 0.6-1.2%, 0.05-0.2%Ti, restriction impurity element Si≤0.01%, Fe≤0.004%, Cu≤0.015%, Ni≤0.002%, all the other are Mg.
2. the melting method of the described high workability lost foam casting of claim 1 magnesium alloy is characterized in that at CO
2+ SF
6Under the gas shield; in smelting furnace, add the exsiccant pure magnesium; simultaneously; in stove, be sprinkled into the insulating covering agent that the small amount of magnesium alloy melting is used; after treating that wholeization of magnesium are clear; add alloy element Al, Zn, Mn, rich Ce mishmetal, Be and Ti; after alloying element all melts; alloy liquid is warmed up to 730-740 ℃; add refining agent refining 5-10 minute, skimming operation was left standstill in insulation 20 minutes; when the alloy liquid temp promptly adopts the casting ladle cast at 735-750 ℃, perhaps in the low-pressure casting stove, adopt pressurized gas to carry out low-pressure casting.
3. as the melting method of high workability lost foam casting magnesium alloy as described in the claim 2, its feature is that also Al, Zn add with the form of industrial pure Al and technical pure Zn respectively, Mn adds with the form of AlMn master alloy, rich Ce mishmetal directly adds or with the form adding of the master alloy of Mg and rich Ce mishmetal, Be adds with the form of pure Be or AlBe master alloy, and Ti adds with the form of AlTi master alloy.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100339497C (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2007-09-26 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength creep resistant deforming magnesium alloy containing Ca and Si |
| CN100432259C (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2008-11-12 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Die cast magnesium alloy with high fluidity and preparation method thereof |
| CN103223465B (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2016-01-27 | 宁波工程学院 | A kind of casting method of zinc alloy lost foam |
| CN102994846B (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2014-12-31 | 深圳和泰源材料科技有限公司 | Anti-radiation antistatic magnesium alloy capable of strengthening screen magnetism and preparation method thereof |
| CN103556011B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-10-21 | 山东蒙沃变速器有限公司 | A kind of lost foam casting aluminum alloy materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN105220044A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2016-01-06 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of new multicomponent is rotten containing Si high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106222468B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-04-03 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Honeycomb metal and preparation method thereof and the automobile containing it |
| CN109161713A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-08 | 江阴市茂昌铸造有限公司 | A kind of magnesium titanium valve brick casting method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1241641A (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2000-01-19 | 上海交通大学 | Fireproof cast magnesium alloy and its smelting and casting process |
| EP1108799A2 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2001-06-20 | Hitachi, Ltd. | High strength Mg based alloy and its uses |
| JP2001247926A (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2001-09-14 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | Magnesium alloy excellent in fluidity and magnesium alloy material |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1241641A (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2000-01-19 | 上海交通大学 | Fireproof cast magnesium alloy and its smelting and casting process |
| EP1108799A2 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2001-06-20 | Hitachi, Ltd. | High strength Mg based alloy and its uses |
| JP2001247926A (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2001-09-14 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | Magnesium alloy excellent in fluidity and magnesium alloy material |
| US20010026768A1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2001-10-04 | Tadayoshi Tukeda | Magnesium alloys excellent in fluidity and materials thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 消失模铸造AZ91镁合金的研究. 刘子利等.材料科学与工艺，第9卷第2期. 2001 * |
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