CN100385966C - Radio network - Google Patents

Radio network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100385966C
CN100385966C CNB991095197A CN99109519A CN100385966C CN 100385966 C CN100385966 C CN 100385966C CN B991095197 A CNB991095197 A CN B991095197A CN 99109519 A CN99109519 A CN 99109519A CN 100385966 C CN100385966 C CN 100385966C
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base station
terminal
signaling sequence
signal
channel
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CN1243404A (en
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杜永刚
C·赫尔曼
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/709—Correlator structure
    • H04B1/7093—Matched filter type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0055—Synchronisation arrangements determining timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/0065—Synchronisation arrangements determining timing error of reception due to propagation delay using measurement of signal travel time
    • H04W56/007—Open loop measurement
    • H04W56/0075—Open loop measurement based on arrival time vs. expected arrival time
    • H04W56/0085—Open loop measurement based on arrival time vs. expected arrival time detecting a given structure in the signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
    • H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
    • H04W92/10—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between terminal device and access point, i.e. wireless air interface

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a wireless network which includes at least one base station (1 to 3) and a plurality of associated terminals (4 to 14) for the exchange of useful data and control data. According to the invention, the base station (1 to 3) is arranged to transmit the starting instant of a signaling sequence to at least one terminal (4 to 14). In order to evaluate the signaling sequences transmitted by the terminals, the base station (1 to 3) includes a device (21, 22) for correlating a received signaling sequence and for detecting the pulse arising from a received and correlated signaling sequence.

Description

Wireless network, base station, terminal and the method for exchange useful data and control data
The present invention relates to a kind of wireless network, this network has at least one base station and a plurality of associated terminal that is used for useful data and control data exchange.
Document " the 24th meeting of holding in Irish Cork city 1-5 day in December, 1997 of ETSI SMG2; Tdoc SMG2 359/97; notion group Alpha-broadband direct sequence CDMA (WCDMA); estimate file (3.0), first: system specialization, performance evaluation " has proposed a kind of wireless network that moves on the basis of CDMA (CDMA=Code Division Multiplex Access).Wireless network is made up of a plurality of wireless mesh, and mesh has base station and terminal or the mobile radio station that wherein occurred separately.In terminal registration and synchronously, for example under the situation of channel request, terminal is by RACH (RACH) emission random access pulse train.This random access pulse train is made up of preposition part and data division.Preposition part comprises 16 code elements (preamble sequence), and it is by quadrature gold code (preamble) spread spectrum.The quadrature gold code comprises that 256 sheets at interval.Data division comprises a field with terminal recognition symbol, a sign is requested the field of service (short transmitted in packets, allocated channel foundation etc.), an Optional Field and a crc field that is used for Error detection that is used for packet (selectable user grouping).By matched filter, preamble correlator and peak detector, the random access pulse train that is received by the base station is added to a circuit part, and the time characteristics of this circuit part data estimator part and control are used for Rake (RAKE) circuit of data estimator part.Therefore, in this case according to the detection of relevant use peak value and succeeded by information decoding.There are 80 RACHs to use for the terminal relevant with base station.These channels were determined by 16 different preambles transmission moment different with 5.If two or more terminals, are promptly selected same preamble and same transmission moment by the emission of same RACH, conflict occurs and can not correctly estimate by the base station by the information of terminal emission.This conflict may be clearly in the situation of high traffic.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wireless network, one of them terminal in a different manner with relevant base station exchange signalling information.
This purpose utilizes described this kind wireless network to realize, it is characterized in that; The base station is arranged to launch the beginning moment of at least one signaling sequence of at least one terminal, and the base station comprises and is used for the correlation reception signal and is used to detect by receiving and the device of the caused pulse of relevant signaling sequence.
Wireless network according to the present invention is understood that the network of a plurality of wireless mesh in the application's context, and one of them corresponding base station and a plurality of terminal are with wireless mode emission control data and useful data.Wireless transmission means by such as wireless, ultrasonic wave or infrared channel emission information.
In registration with synchronously, terminal must be from relevant given useful channel of base station requests with the emission useful data.This useful channel for example can be between base station and the terminal or two terminals between dedicated channel (for example being used for voice transfer).This channel is by base station assigns.According to the present invention, terminal is by for example being launched the request of a dedicated channel by the signaling channel of base station assigns.The base station should provide as can be known beginning moment of signaling sequence in advance at least to the base station.Also to specify one of a plurality of signaling sequences also be possible to terminal except beginning moment.This signaling sequence is Gold and the Kasami sequence with suitable auto-correlation and cross correlation properties.The base station comprises a device (for example matched filter), and the signaling sequence that is wherein received is by relevant.Relevant pulse as a result is detected and be assigned to terminal.Because in network according to the present invention, avoided conflict, this is because the difference of signaling sequence begins moment, and because after detecting, do not carry out information decoding according to relevant peak value, and the appearance of replacing with the pulse as a result of signaling sequence is considered to a signaling request, with the signaling of prior art detect compare can with reliable more and fast mode carry out, especially in the situation of high traffic.
In order to detect signaling sequence, select the given time interval to be used for the peak value detection according to the beginning moment and the channel attribute of signaling sequence.This time interval is called as detection window.The length of detection window or duration and beginning moment must select by this way to make that can carry out peak value detects.Must be from detection window known in the art less than the duration of random access pulse train.Therefore use according to signaling of the present invention, many terminals can be launched a signaling sequence in the short period of a time.
In order to launch signaling sequence, in registration with synchronously, the terminal in the wireless mesh has the beginning moment identical with respect to reference frame all the time, as long as the base station changes beginning moment clearly.Such signaling channel is fixed as a terminal to be owned.Because many such beginnings moment can occur in the reference frame of short-term (for example 10ms), and because all terminals of wireless mesh are used identical signaling sequence, the beginning moment of terminal and the fixed allocation of signaling sequence only need Internet resources seldom.
The signaling sequence of all terminals has different beginning moments in wireless mesh.Same signaling sequence is used by each terminal in the simplest situation.Therefore signaling sequence may be overlapped, because the length of sequence is usually greater than two intervals that begin moment continuously.
Be the reliability of identification signal request according to another advantage of network of the present invention.After the transmission of signaling sequence, produce a detectable pulse in fact all the time.This is because interference signal and interchannel noise can cause " manually " pulse at the output of matched filter.They can not be reduced in the pulse amplitude of matched filter output when receiving the signaling sequence of actual transmission.In the worst situation (for example, under the situation of fault),, then trigger a failure warning if the amplitude of noise or interference signal surpasses detection threshold under the situation that signaling sequence is not launched.
The present invention describes the relevant of the signaling sequence utilize matched filter and utilizes the feature of the pulse detection of peak detector.Transmission time and the beginning moment thereof of the signaling sequence that the present invention describes signaling sequence and is used as signaling by control channel.The sequence that it should be noted that signaling sequence or be used as signaling is only relevant with base station and be adjacent the base station and have nothing to do.Kasami or Gold sequence can be used as signaling sequence.Yet, do not get rid of the quadrature square-wave signal that uses other.
Beginning moment of identical signaling sequence can be positioned on the time gap of same fixed each other or the distance of determining separately last.Fixed range is for example according to difference channel attribute in the previous case, but in second kind of situation it according to base station and associated terminal between separately channel attribute.
The present invention describes the feature of 1 bit signalling information and n bit signalling information (n＞1 also is integer) transmission respectively.And the beginning of and can not reallocate signaling sequence very high when telephone traffic can be launched different signaling sequences during moment in wireless mesh.
The present invention relates to the embodiment of base station and terminal.
Other advantage according to wireless network of the present invention is that the amplitude of signaling sequence can be adapted to certain network requirement all the time.If the amplitude of signaling sequence is too low, it can increase.This can also carry out by the progressively procedure of adaptation of the present invention.If if having amplitude peak by providing affirmation or signaling sequence in specific base is during preset time, this processing finishes.Such affirmation for example is to the terminal distribution subscriber channel.
The invention still further relates to the method that in wireless network, between at least one base station and a plurality of associated terminal, exchanges useful data and control data, relate to the base station that in wireless network, is used for a plurality of associated terminal exchange useful datas and control data, and relate to the terminal that in wireless network, is used for at least one base station exchange useful data and control data.
Hereinafter will be by describing embodiments of the invention in detail referring to accompanying drawing.Wherein,
Fig. 1 represents to have the wireless network of a plurality of base stations and terminal,
Fig. 2 and 3 represents the detection window sequence of the matched filter that relevant reference window is used in the base station,
Signaling sequence and relevant detection window that Fig. 4 use-case subrepresentation is launched by two terminals,
Fig. 5 represents to detect the pulse position that forms for n bit signalling message transmission by signaling sequence,
Fig. 6 represents the receiver of base station,
Fig. 7 represents the transmitter of base station,
Fig. 8 represent terminal receiver and
Fig. 9 represents the transmitter of terminal.
Fig. 1 represents a wireless network, and for example a radio frequency network has a plurality of base station 1-3 and a plurality of terminal 4-14.Given terminal 4 to 14 is relevant with base station 1 to 3.In example shown in Figure 1, terminal 4 to 7 is relevant with base station 1, and terminal 8 to 10 interrelates with base station 2 and terminal 11 to 14 is relevant with base station 3.At least between base station and terminal, carry out the exchange of control data.The exchange of useful data can be carried out between terminal between base station and terminal and directly.Establish the link of using transfer of data by the base station in both cases.The mobile radio station that terminal 4 to 14 is normally controlled by fixed base stations 1 to 3.But base station 1 to 3 also can be moved.
In wireless network, for example radiofrequency signal is according to FDMA, TDMA or CDMA method (FDMA=frequency division multiplex access, TDMA=time division multiplexaccess, CDMA=code division multiplex access) or according to the combined transmit of these methods.
According to CDMA method as a kind of specific coding spectrum spreading method, the binary message (data-signal) that starts by the user with different sign indicating number sequence modulation at every turn.Sign indicating number sequence like this is made up of pseudorandom square-wave signal (pseudo noise code), and its speed is also referred to as sheet speed (chip rate), general speed apparently higher than binary message.The square-wave pulse width of pseudorandom square-wave signal is called the sheet interval T c1/T cBe sheet speed.Carry out multiplying each other of data-signal or modulate producing with the pseudorandom square-wave signal according to spread spectrum factor N c=T/T cSpread spectrum, wherein T is the square-wave pulse width of data-signal.
The base station is relevant with concrete wireless mesh, carries out data communication at this mesh and the corresponding terminal that exists in this wireless mesh.When terminal when a wireless mesh moves to another wireless mesh, the distribution that transmits this terminal according to given standard from a base station to another base station.This terminal is can be simultaneously when a wireless mesh switches to another mesh and the base station exchange data of two wireless mesh then.This is called as soft handover.In Fig. 1, represent wireless mesh with the dot-dash circle.
Utilization is by base station channel appointed transmitting useful data and control data between at least one terminal and base station.Radio Link from the base station to the terminal is known as down link and is known as up link from the Radio Link of terminal to base station.Thereby, by downlink channel data are sent to terminal from the base station, and data are sent to the base station from terminal by uplink channel.For example, can provide a downlink control channel, be used for before link establishment from the base station to all terminal distribution control datas.This channel is called as downlink allocation control channel or Broadcast Control Channel.In order before the link establishment of terminal to base station, to send control data, for example can use by base station assigns but the uplink control channel that also can insert by other terminal.Can be called as shared uplink channel by uplink channel some or that all terminals are used.After link establishment, for example between terminal and base station, useful data sends by downlink channel and uplink channel.The channel that is called reciprocity useful channel is used in direct transmission for useful data between two terminals.Only the channel of setting up between a transmitter and receiver is called dedicated channel.In general, useful channel is the dedicated channel that can be attended by the Dedicated Control Channel that is used for the special-purpose control data transmission of link.
Channel is by frequency range, the time interval and for example define with spread spectrum coding under CDMA method situation.Useful data must make terminal and base station synchronization in order to be exchanged between base station and terminal.For example, use the combination of FDMA and TDMA method from gsm system (GSM=Global System for Mobile communication), well-known after determining suitable frequency range according to designated parameter, determine the sequence of the time location (frame synchronization) of frame with the specified data transmission.Under TDMA, FDMA and CDMA method situation, need such frame to be used for the data sync of terminal and base station all the time.This frame can comprise several subframes or form a superframe jointly with a plurality of other continuous frames.For for simplicity, following explanation is to suppose a frame, and this frame is called reference frame.
In order to make frame synchronization, all terminals must be utilized by the pulse of base station and base station synchronization.If non-coding extended method (for example CDMA method) is used (for example using the TDMA method), pulse duration is just in time corresponding to sending the time interval that bit is required.When using the sign indicating number extended method, pulse duration corresponding to a sheet at interval.So a bit interval is corresponding to a plurality of intervals.Frame synchronization requires to send special-purpose pulse train by the base station.Beginning moment of pulse train is corresponding to the beginning moment of frame.
Below will suppose terminal with base station synchronization and therein the registration.Can send and receive before the useful data in a terminal (for example, one of terminal 4 to 7 among Fig. 1), must distribute a useful channel be used for that down link is connected with up link or reciprocity useful channel by relevant base station (as the base station among Fig. 1 1).For this reason, base station (as the base station among Fig. 1 1) provides control data by the downlink broadcasting control channel to associated terminal (as terminal 4 to 7) in the time of the frame that can be selected at random.This control data notice terminal is with respect to the moment (sequence begins moment) of this frame, this moment terminal can send special signaling sequence.This signaling sequence by the terminal emission is a pseudorandom square-wave signal and represents useful channel of associated terminal request.Therefore, in order to launch a signaling sequence, uplink signalling channel of each terminal of base station assigns is by this channels transmit signaling sequence.In order to limit the transmission of control data, the base station only carries out signaling sequence for each terminal and sequence begins the distribution of moment.This can carry out between record time on the relevant base station such as terminal.Yet sequence begins carrying out that moment distributes can also be according to the different channels attribute (as detailed description hereinafter) of link between base station and the terminal.Signaling channel according to the present invention is by given signaling sequence and beginning moment realization thereof.
Even all terminals relevant with the base station are at the identical signaling sequence of emission of different time (sequence begins moment).Thereby, the different signaling sequence of being correlated with or registering to them in different base stations of terminal distribution.On the one hand it is enough at this, only when adjacent base station has different separately signaling sequences.When a terminal during in the registration of two base stations, for example from a wireless mesh when another wireless mesh switches, its emission is by the specified signaling sequence in base station from a useful channel of its request.
The base station comprise single matched filter and back to back, be used to detect signaling sequence peak detector by the terminal emission.This matched filter is timed a clock frequency, and this clock frequency equals the most large stretch of speed at least when using coding spread spectrum, if do not use coding spread spectrum to equal Maximum Bit Rate at least.The terminal emission has the signaling sequence of suitable autocorrelation performance.This means occur at the matched filter output and can in detection window, clearly detect by peak detector from the pulse of the associated signaling sequence of different terminals.Make the time gap minimum between beginning moment of continuous signaling sequence according to the selection of the clock frequency of the most large stretch of speed or bit rate and signaling sequence with suitable autocorrelation performance.And signaling sequence also should have suitable cross correlation, promptly should be relevant hardly with other signal that is sent out in the network.Thereby, on the one hand emission and thought negligible noise signal by peak detector in network by other signal that matched filter receives, and other circuit element of launching in the processed network of this signaling sequence on the other hand in the base station of other signal is thought negligible noise or interference signal.This signaling sequence with suitable autocorrelation and cross correlation for example is golden and Kasami sequence, and this sequence is learnt from the book of " J.G.Proakis: digital communication, the third edition, McGraw-Hill international publishing, nineteen ninety-five, 724 to 729 pages ".
The pulse that occurs at the matched filter output is the measurement of signaling sequence energy.The length of signaling sequence and amplitude are low with respect to other signal that is launched, thereby determine impulse level at the output of matched filter.
Beginning moment of signaling sequence should be determined by this way by the base station, and promptly the matched filter in the base station produces a pulse detect signaling sequence from associated terminal in the predetermined detection window after.This detection window has duration or length δ.
Signaling sequence can begin the moment emission in arbitrary sequence in principle.The appearance that sequence begins the pulse of moment and matched filter output interrelates.Begin detection in signaling sequence transmission with after the time-delay that the channel attribute of link is forced between by at least one terminal and base station.Channel attribute is understood that the physical characteristics of channel.Channel attribute for example comes from the distance between terminal and the base station.As a result, may be that peak detector is the detection window that various terminals are used different in width.Yet, select the detection window of unified width here for use for easy.Fig. 2 represent the duration δ relevant with the reference frame of length FR any appearance the detection window sequence.According to receiving signaling sequence, matched filter produces the pulse train that a main pulse and several subpulses are arranged usually, and subpulse is symmetrically distributed in the main pulse both sides usually.The subpulse amplitude is lower than the amplitude of main pulse regularly.
The different main pulses that produced by matched filter must have enough guard times to occur and do not overlap each other through the pulse train of channel distortion at the output of matched filter from different terminals guaranteeing, so that can not clearly detect.In given overlapping situation, the attribute of terminal pulse can not clearly be differentiated in the base station.Thereby the width that the width of detection window or duration δ must equal main pulse at least adds an additional channel independence personal distance, because it occurs under the situation that is not subjected to channel effect.This also provides the distance that equates continuously between the signaling sequence.Yet, do not need to consider time gap from two different signaling sequences of different base station, because guaranteeing peak detector after matched filter, weak correlation detects signaling sequence from other base station or wireless area as non-interference noise.
In order to transmit signaling sequence as much as possible at interval at preset time, according to the present invention sequence begin the interval of moment can be optimised.The width that this means detection window is determined according to the channel attribute between terminal and the base station all the time.Can be with another possibility that simpler mode realizes to send signaling sequence continuously according to the present invention with fixing interval.The determining of fixed intervals should be considered difference channel attribute.Fig. 3 represents the detection window that links to each other of the reference frame of associated length FR, as result's appearance of the signaling sequence of launching at interval with pre-determined constant.
Fig. 4 use-case subrepresentation has sequence duration or sequence length L respectively 1And L 2Two signaling sequence S 1And S 2A delay time p who is forcing by channel attribute 1And p 2Afterwards, the detection window of beginning detecting operation or length δ.Main pulse relevant with signaling sequence and subpulse appear in this detection window.
The length δ of detection window is obviously determined by three factors (channel attribute).At first, must consider from the estimation accuracy of the propagation delay of terminal to base station transmission data, the second, according to the time delay expansion characteristic of multipath, the 3rd, the autocorrelation of terminal signaling sequence.
It is last that terminal in the wireless mesh is in the distance different from the base station usually.This causes the different propagation delay by the signaling sequence of terminal emission.Propagation delay between terminal MTi and the base station B should equal p iAnd the length of signaling sequence should equal L.When the base station estimates that the pulse of terminal MTi is at time t iWhen the output of matched filter, its indicating terminal MTi is at time t i-p i-L begins the transmission of signaling sequence.Yet because propagation delay p iThe finite precision of estimating, the pulse of matched filter output has error inherently.This is at propagation delay p iError in the estimation must be by sufficiently long detection window δ compensation.When the worst error of estimating for all terminals equaled j, detection window must be greater than j.
Data between terminal and the base station are usually not only by a radio link but by multilink (multipath) emission.Because reflection and deflecting effect, from the signal of terminal to base station emission by different propagated, obtain thus with along the signal of different propagated by the base station in different time receptions.As a result, at the output of matched filter single main pulse about signaling sequence does not appear, but more main pulse.Because by the signal that multipath transmission generates, these more main pulses the output of matched filter occur and near actual main pulse in groups.The reception signaling sequence generation of actual main pulse by reality appears at the matched filter output.Therefore, the length δ of detection window must be greater than the window width w that comprises actual main pulse and Geng Duo main pulse.Even it should be noted that multipath not occur, not only actual main pulse appears at the output of matched filter but also also has subpulse.Yet because above-mentioned suitable autocorrelation, the amplitude of subpulse is more much lower than the amplitude of main pulse.
The autocorrelation of signaling sequence is width and the maximum of subpulse and the measurement (not considering channel attribute) of minimum value of main pulse on the matched filter output.With regard to gold or Kasami sequence, as mentioned above, the main pulse of matched filter output is approximately equal to the energy of signaling sequence.Thereby the amplitude of main pulse is more much higher than the amplitude of subpulse.Therefore the energy of signaling sequence is determined by its amplitude and duration or length.In order to reduce the interference with other signal, the amplitude of signaling sequence (for example gold or Kasami sequence) must be apparently higher than the amplitude of other signal.Yet, detecting signaling sequence in order to utilize matched filter, signaling sequence must long enough.Detection duration of signaling sequence thereby be extended, and therefore carry out the distribution (prolongation of signal time) of useful channel to the terminal of launching a signaling sequence by the base station.Thereby the autocorrelation of the effect length signaling sequence of signaling sequence and signaling time.When for the auto-correlation function of given signaling sequence in the time interval q when enough big, δ must be greater than q.
It should be noted that the length of detection window or the value sum that duration δ must select to equal j, w and q:
δ＝j+w+q
So far, a kind of situation has been described, wherein the duration δ of detection window is proportional by this way thereby can only detect single signaling sequence.This means that the base station receives a binary message or a bit information.This binary message represents that the terminal of launching a signaling sequence is a request new useful signal (pulse occurring on the matched filter output in the duration in detection window) or does not ask useful channel (pulse not occurring on the matched filter output in the duration in detection window).Expansion from one to n bit information (n＞1 also is integer) below will be described.Then terminal in each reference frame more than once but for several times continuously the identical signaling sequence of emission so that the base station can obtain the n bit information.This expansion to the n bit information realizes by the prolongation of detection window, wherein increases the duration or the length of detection window with the factor n of each associated terminal.In the time that detection window that n doubly expands occurs, from n signaling sequence of a terminal thereby can be detected.The terminal of emission n bit information (signaling data) is used identical signaling sequence, the beginning δ of each value of using of the moment displacement of this signaling sequence.Then a signaling sequence that is launched is for example represented " 1 ", and a signaling sequence of not launching is represented " 0 ".
Fig. 5 represents from the example of the detected pulse position of same signaling sequence.The signaling sequence of the first group pulse G1 and first terminal is relevant and the signaling sequence second group pulse G2 and second terminal is relevant.7 bit informations " 1100111 " be the group G1 the result and information " 0100101 " is the result of second group of G2.
The transmission of being carried out the n bit information by terminal allows various signalings to use.For example, corresponding to three continuous signaling sequences not information transmitted " 000 " may mean that terminal do not ask a useful channel.Information " 001 " may mean the useful channel of a 8Kb/s of terminal request.The signaling sequence of two signaling sequences that do not transmit and a transmission produces information " 001 ".Terminal can be used the request of the useful channel of information " 010 " expression 64Kb/s, and represents the useful signal request of 144Kb/s with information " 011 ".
Matched filter in the base station is arranged to receive 1 and n bit information then, because identical signaling sequence receives in two kinds of situations.Unique difference is to be detected by matched filter the reprocessing of pulse in both of these case.Information processing occurs in after the cycle δ that is used for the signaling sequence detection in the previous case, and is being used in second kind of situation after the cycle n δ of n signaling sequence detection.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to the increase of signaling channel number.When using single signaling sequence i, the signaling channel number value of being restricted to FR/ δ of base station; Wherein, FR represents the length of reference frame and δ represents the length of detection window.Have only a bit information to be sent out and each detection window has identical length δ in hypothesis aspect this.Suppose that the base station wishes the more number of channel that distribution ratio is provided by value FR/ δ, it can be given the different signaling sequence of terminal distribution rather than have only a signaling sequence.For example, during a reference frame, can detect 100 identical signaling sequences by matched filter.Yet, occur in wireless mesh if wish 120 terminals that send signaling sequence, can not use same signaling sequence for all described 120 terminals.Therefore, for example 60 terminals can be launched first signaling sequence and other 60 terminals can be launched second signaling sequence; These sequences can be detected by different matched filters by two in the base station then.It is separate that the sequence that should also be noted that different signaling sequences begins moment, so they do not need to coordinate.And only need make the beginning moment phase coadaptation of identical signaling sequence.
When a signaling sequence is transmitted to the base station, it should be noted that such fact, the amplitude (comparison diagram 4) that is signaling sequence is not too high also not too low, because the amplitude of using concrete method (as the CDMA method) to be launched signaling sequence is adapted to the distance of specific base.For example too high amplitude means the interference that may occur other signal in cdma system.As a result, the capacity of whole system is lowered.Too low amplitude means that signaling sequence can not correctly be received, because owing to can not correctly be detected in the base station by the interference of other signal and/or noise signal.
In order to address this problem, terminal can be launched the signaling sequence of a low amplitude, is enough to be received well by the base station under home.When this signaling sequence was detected by specific base, the base station was to the channel of a request of terminal distribution.After receiving message, terminal is no longer launched signaling sequence.
When after the emission signaling sequence, terminal does not receive the affirmation from specific base after the preset time cycle, and one of its emission is new has the more signaling sequence of high-amplitude.When terminal does not receive branch timing from the base station at preset time in the cycle, having more, another signaling sequence of high-amplitude is launched.Repeat this process up to the predetermined maximum that arrives amplitude, or received channel allocation from the base station up to terminal.
In this case, wherein for having signaling sequence that maximum can allow amplitude at preset time after the cycle, terminal does not receive the confirmation, and repeats this whole process after certain time cycle at random, and perhaps this signaling is terminated.
When the amplitude of signaling sequence is possible minimum, under certain environment another problem may appear.This problem relates to false alarm rate (FAR).The pulse detector that false alarm rate equals to connect matched filter output detects a pulse but does not launch the probability of signaling sequence.
The problem that this false alarm rate increases can be solved, wherein a channel is not distributed immediately in the base station after detecting signaling sequence, but by its distribution of base station waits up to a plurality of signaling sequences (h signaling sequence, h＞1) that in the detection window that is provided, detected in g (g＞1) successive frame.Equal p if detect the false alarm rate of pulse in the base station, be lowered to p for the false alarm rate of h continuous detection pulse h
The present invention can use in arbitrary existing mobile radio system, is perhaps used for reference as the adjunct circuit part, for example based on GSM or the UMTS (UMTS=Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) of WB-CDMA or CD/CDMA.The receiver (Fig. 6) of Fig. 6 to 9 expression base station and the receiver (Fig. 8) and the transmitter (Fig. 9) of transmitter (Fig. 7) and terminal.
The block diagram of base station receiver shown in Figure 6 comprises known units (for example from GSM mobile radio system or cdma system known to), for example antenna 15, high frequency piece 16, intermediate frequency piece 17, analog to digital converter 18, demodulator 19 and piece 20, piece 20 are carried out the function of exchange of separating spread spectrum in addition such as the decomposition of channel multichannel, deinterleave, channel-decoding and when the use cdma system.Control that occurs in base band and useful signal are added to channel access control piece 23, and this piece guides various signals to be used for further processing to corresponding units, for example arrives switch.According to the present invention, the receiver of base station is equipped with and detects the matched filter 21 that signaling sequence occurs in the received signal.If detect signaling sequence in during the time interval (detection window) of expection, if promptly produce a pulse at least, it detects subsequent signal to channel access control piece 23 by the peak detector 22 of back, and this piece for example can be a processor.Channel access control piece 23 is added to other control unit (here expression) of back with this message, and this control unit to useful channel of terminal distribution, for example utilizes the control data that is produced by the transmitter of base station then.
The duration of detection window or length δ can be fixed and limit, for example by the measurement before the normal running of network.The duration δ of detection window can also be that each terminal is determined separately in operating process.In this case, the duration δ that is used for the detection window of given signaling sequence and terminal after the estimation of measurement result adds to peak detector by the control unit (not shown).Under the situation of GSM mobile radio system, for example the distance between base station and the terminal is estimated according to the signal that receives from terminal in the base station.
Determine and the processing of the pulse that produced by matched filter is carried out in channel access control piece 23 by peak detector 22.A given detection window is assigned to a terminal.When detecting at least one main pulse in this detection window, channel access control piece 23 determines to comprise to come request self terminal, that be used for useful channel.According to this request with from the request of other terminal, and consider existing link or the useful channel that has distributed, after the request that receives self-channel access control piece 23, control unit (not shown) determines whether can be to useful channel of terminal distribution of request.When useful channel can be assigned with, determine by the downlink broadcasting control channel after in the transmitter (Fig. 7) of base station, handling and add to terminal.
The transmitter of base station shown in Figure 7 also comprises the channel access control piece 24 of a reception from various signal source 25 data.Such signal source can be the control unit that the switch of useful data for example is provided or control data is provided.For example, this control data can comprise the terminal information that is used to before utilize a useful channel of signaling sequence request about a useful channel.Controll block 24 is piece 26 then, and this piece also has spread spectrum such as carrying out chnnel coding, staggered, the multiplexed function of exchange of channel when using cdma system.The output signal of piece 26 is added to antenna 31 by modulator 27, digital to analog converter 28, intermediate frequency piece 29 and high frequency piece 30.All unit 25 to 31 can be the existing known unit of mobile radio system.
Fig. 8 represents the block diagram of terminal receiver.This receiver comprises from for example known unit of GSM mobile radio system or cdma system, be antenna 32, high frequency piece 33, intermediate frequency piece 34, analog to digital converter 35, demodulator 36, have the piece 37 of various functions and will control and useful data adds to the channel access control piece 38 of various letter drain circuits (drain) (for example, being used for useful data is transformed to the low-frequency channel of speech data).Piece 37 for example is responsible for that channel is multiplexed, deinterleave, channel-decoding and when the function of exchange of separating spread spectrum of using cdma system.Channel access control piece 38 is estimated the given channel relevant with terminal, for example useful channel or downlink allocation control channel.This information is fed to other given in terminal crosspoint (not expression here).From the downlink allocation control signal, channel access piece 38 for example draws and which to begin moment about can send the information of a signaling sequence at least.This information is added to here not at least one circuit unit of expression.
Fig. 9 represents the block diagram of terminal transmitter, and it also comprises the channel access control piece 39 of controlling a channel access.Piece 42 of this channel access control piece 39 services, its carry out such as chnnel coding, staggered, channel is multiplexed and the function of exchange that also has spread spectrum when the use cdma system.Channel access control piece 39 is also to beginning moment of timer units 40 indication signaling sequences.Useful and the control data that channel access control piece 39 receives from various signal sources.Such signal source for example can provide speech data as the low-frequency channel of useful data or the control unit of control data is provided.For example, this control data can be the information that begins moment about signaling sequence.Timer units 40 adds to generator 41 to produce a signaling sequence with time mark.This time mark for example can be the start and end time of signaling sequence square-wave pulse.Generator comprises the memory that is used to store various signaling sequences.The signaling sequence that is launched is selected by channel access control piece.If desired, signaling sequence can be written into the memory of generator 41.After receiving the information that begins moment about the signaling sequence that will be used and signaling sequence, generator 41 and timer units 40 are initialised.If relevant base station is not indicated any signaling sequence and/or begun the change of moment, will not need further initialization generator 41 and timer units 40.
Useful and the control data of handling in piece 42 is added to supercircuit 43, and this circuit 43 also receives the output signal of generator 41.The output signal of supercircuit 43 adds to high frequency piece 47 by modulator 44, digital to analog converter 45, intermediate frequency piece 46, and this piece is transmitted in the signal that produces in the high frequency piece by antenna 48.

Claims (18)

1. one kind comprises that at least one base station (1 to 3) and a plurality of associated terminal (4 to 14) are used to exchange the wireless network of useful data and control data, is characterized in that:
Base station (1 to 3) is arranged for launching the beginning moment of at least one signaling sequence of at least one terminal (4 to 14), described beginning moment is handled to export a signal after the processing by at least one channel processor (26) in described base station, described base station comprises the modulator (27) of signal to produce a signal of being modulated that is used for after the modulation treatment, the conversion of signals that is used for being modulated becomes the digital to analog converter (28) of a switching signal, the conversion of signals that is used for being modulated becomes the intermediate frequency piece (29) of first signal, with a high frequency piece (30), it is to comprise the described beginning secondary signal of moment that described high frequency piece is used for described first conversion of signals, and by antenna (15) emission comprise described beginning moment secondary signal and
Base station (1 to 3) comprises signaling sequence that is used for correlation reception and the equipment (21 that is used to detect by receiving the pulse that produces with relevant signaling sequence, 22), described equipment (21,22) comprises matched filter (21) that is used to produce at least one pulse and the peak detector (22) that is used to receive described at least one pulse.
2. the wireless network described in claim 1, it is characterized in that described matched filter produces at least one pulse after receiving a signaling sequence, and this peak detector (22) is arranged at and detects at least one and the relevant pulse of a terminal (4 to 14) in time of given detection window, and the beginning moment of this detection window and duration are definite by beginning moment of channel attribute and signaling sequence.
3. the wireless network described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: base station (1 to 3) be arranged at terminal registration and synchronously after launch signaling sequence or be used for the signaling sequence of signaling and also launch it beginning moment to associated terminal (4 to 14) by a control channel, and
This signaling sequence or to be used for the signaling sequence of signaling only relevant with described base station (1 to 3) and be adjacent the base station and have nothing to do.
4. the wireless network described in claim 1 is characterized in that under the situation of signaling request, and a terminal (4 to 14) is arranged at moment emission a Kasami or the Gold sequence as signaling sequence by relevant base station (1 to 3) regulation.
5. the wireless network described in claim 1 is characterized in that the beginning moment that is added to the identical signaling sequence of associated terminal (4 to 14) by base station (1 to 3) is positioned on the identical minimum range each other all the time.
6. the network described in claim 1, it is characterized in that beginning moment that base station (1 to 3) is added to the identical signaling sequence of associated terminal (4 to 14) is positioned at such distance each other all the time, this distance depends on determined channel attribute separately between corresponding terminal (4 to 14) and base station (1 to 3).
7. wireless network as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that base station (1 to 3) is arranged to launch the signaling information of 1 bit, so that the signaling sequence that is used to terminal (4 to 14) emission by control channel and beginning moment thereof.
8. the wireless network described in claim 1, it is characterized in that base station (1 to 3) is arranged the signaling sequence that will be used to terminal (4 to 14) emission by control channel and its n begins moment, wherein n＞1 is an integer also, so that emission n bit signalling information.
9. the wireless network described in claim 1 is characterized in that base station (1 to 3) is arranged to a plurality of not on the same group a plurality of different signaling sequences that will be used of terminal (4 to 10) emission.
10. the wireless network described in claim 1 is characterized in that base station (1 to 3) comprises the first channel access control piece (23), and this piece is used as:
-extraction is included in the data in the channel,
-give each other circuit unit with the data of being extracted; And
-determine to come the existence of the signaling request of self terminal (4 to 14),
And comprising a second channel access control piece (24), this piece is arranged the data from each circuit unit are inserted into predetermined channel.
11. the wireless network described in claim 1, it is characterized in that terminal (4 to 14) comprises the first channel access control piece (38), be used for extracting and be included in the predetermined channel data and give each other circuit unit the data of being extracted, with second channel access control piece (39), it is arranged the data from each circuit unit are inserted into predetermined channel and launch at least one signaling sequence according to timer units.
12. the wireless network described in claim 11, it is characterized in that terminal (4 to 14) comprises a generator (41), this generator has a memory write that is used to store signaling sequence, and second channel access control piece (39) is arranged to select a signaling sequence.
13. wireless network as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that if do not occur the affirmation of the previous emission signaling sequence of specific base (1 to 3) after the cycle, a terminal (4 to 14) with the amplitude emission signaling sequence that increases then is provided at preset time.
14. wireless network as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that terminal (4 to 14) increases the amplitude and the emission signaling sequence of already added signaling sequence in mode progressively, up to the affirmation that has occurred specific base (1 to 3) at preset time in the cycle, perhaps signaling sequence has amplitude peak.
15. wireless network as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that terminal (4 to 14) repeatedly launches signaling sequence, if received signaling sequence on the multiple frame of base station (1 to 3) in the detection window that is assigned to terminal (4 to 14), then the base station is used for to affirmation of terminal (4 to 14) emission.
16. base station that in wireless network, is used for exchanging useful data and control data with a plurality of associated terminals (4 to 14), it is characterized in that base station (1 to 3) is arranged for launching the beginning moment of at least one signaling sequence of at least one terminal (4 to 14), described beginning moment is handled to export a signal after the processing by at least one channel processor (26) in described base station, described base station comprises the modulator (27) of signal to produce a signal of being modulated that is used for after the modulation treatment, the conversion of signals that is used for being modulated becomes the digital to analog converter (28) of a switching signal, the conversion of signals that is used for being modulated becomes the intermediate frequency piece (29) and the high frequency piece (30) of first signal, it is to comprise the described beginning secondary signal of moment that described high frequency piece is used for described first conversion of signals, and comprise the described beginning secondary signal of moment by antenna (15) emission, and base station (1 to 3) comprises the signaling sequence that is used for correlation reception and is used to detect by the equipment (21 that receives with the relevant pulse that signaling sequence produced, 22), described equipment (21,22) comprises matched filter (21) that is used to produce at least one pulse and the peak detector (22) that is used to detect described at least one pulse.
17. terminal that in wireless network, is used to exchange useful data and control data, this network comprises at least one base station (1 to 3) and other terminal (4 to 14), it is characterized in that after the beginning moment that receives from the signaling sequence of base station (1 to 3), terminal is arranged at described beginning moment emission signaling sequence, described reception comprises by the high frequency piece (33) of exporting first signal by at least one antenna, be used to the intermediate frequency piece (34) handling described first signal and export secondary signal, being used to analog to digital converter (35) of changing described secondary signal and exporting the 3rd signal and the demodulator (36) that is used for described the 3rd signal of demodulation receives described beginning moment, described emission comprises at least by channel controll block (39) handles described beginning moment to form the 4th signal, modulate described the 4th signal to form the 5th signal by modulator (44), change described the 5th signal to form the 6th signal by digital to analog converter (45), change described the 6th signal to obtain the 7th signal by intermediate frequency piece (46), handle described beginning moment by described the 7th signal of high frequency piece (47) conversion to obtain the 8th signal, and launch the 8th signal that comprises described signaling sequence by antenna.
18. one kind in wireless network at least one base station (1 to 3) and a plurality of associated terminal (4 to 14) between the method for exchange useful data and control data, it is characterized in that:
By base station (1 to 3) beginning moment to a signaling sequence of at least one terminal (4 to 14) emission, described emission comprises by at least one channel processor (26) handles described beginning moment to form first signal, modulate described first signal to form secondary signal by modulator (27), change described secondary signal to form the 3rd signal by digital to analog converter (28), change described the 3rd signal to form the 4th signal by intermediate frequency piece (29), change the 4th signal to form the 5th signal by high frequency piece (30), and comprise described beginning described the 5th signal of moment by antenna (15) emission
By terminal (4 to 14) signaling sequence of beginning moment emission in emission, and
The signaling sequence that is received quilt in base station (1 to 3) is relevant and consequent pulse is detected, described detection comprises that by one matched filter (21) that is used to produce at least one pulse and the equipment (21,22) of the peak detector (22) that is used to detect described pulse carry out at least.
CNB991095197A 1998-06-25 1999-06-21 Radio network Expired - Lifetime CN100385966C (en)

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DE1998128226 DE19828226A1 (en) 1998-06-25 1998-06-25 Wireless network with base stations and terminals, optionally mobile
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1128604A (en) * 1994-05-11 1996-08-07 诺基亚电信公司 Control of handover and transmission power control of mobile station in a mobile telecommunications system
CN1185705A (en) * 1996-10-29 1998-06-24 摩托罗拉公司 Wireless telephone set whose receiving-code divided into multi-address signal and method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1128604A (en) * 1994-05-11 1996-08-07 诺基亚电信公司 Control of handover and transmission power control of mobile station in a mobile telecommunications system
CN1185705A (en) * 1996-10-29 1998-06-24 摩托罗拉公司 Wireless telephone set whose receiving-code divided into multi-address signal and method thereof

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