CN100385033C - Thermal spraying of machine part - Google Patents

Thermal spraying of machine part Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100385033C
CN100385033C CNB028283678A CN02828367A CN100385033C CN 100385033 C CN100385033 C CN 100385033C CN B028283678 A CNB028283678 A CN B028283678A CN 02828367 A CN02828367 A CN 02828367A CN 100385033 C CN100385033 C CN 100385033C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
mentioned
machine part
coated material
coating
thermal treatment
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CNB028283678A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1630734A (en
Inventor
莱赫·莫丘尔斯基
米夏埃尔·E·本佐恩
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MAN B&W Diesel AS
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MAN B&W Diesel AS
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Publication of CN1630734A publication Critical patent/CN1630734A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a surface (22) of a machine component. At least a part of the surface is coated with coating material with a hot spraying method. The coating material is exposed at high temperature to be hotly treated. The treating time sufficiently enables a part of the coating material to be infiltrated on a lower surface. Thus, a groove is formed between the coating material and the lower surface. Additional coating material layers (24) are added, and all the coating material layers are hotly treated; thus, the surface (22) of the machine component is provided with multiple layers (24) of the same coating material, and grooves (23) are formed by the coating material on contacts between granules (21) and between at least every two layers of the coating layer. The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the coating layer on the surface of the machine component.

Description

The thermospray of machine part
Invention field
The present invention is about a kind of machine part, especially engine parts, and these parts apply a coated material with heat spraying method, and this component exposed is heat-treated above-mentioned coated material in high temperature.The present invention also discloses and a kind of a coating is added to method on the machine part.
Technical background
Machine part must satisfy some particular requirements, and these require as intensity, corrosion resistance, resistance to wear, work-ing life and elastic properties of materials etc.
Now, machine part is made by ingot pig usually, and these foundry goods can satisfy substantially and are added in material intensity and requirement such as elasticity on one's body, but when being heated to a certain temperature limit when above, can produce wear problem.A lot of machine parts are arranged now, as between the sliding surface of engine system, can be subjected to the wear problem that internal friction causes.Particularly in large-scale diesel engine, frictional force can be very big.Except rubbing, thermal environment also can reduce the intensity of material, and causes the machine part of cast iron materials very big wearing and tearing to occur rapidly, and cast iron member does not have needed abrasion resistance when high temperature.Therefore cast-iron engine part usually is provided with wearing-resistant layer or break-in layer on the surface that wearing and tearing occur.
Yet, between cast material and wearing-resistant layer, obtain enough bonding strengths and occurred a lot of difficulties really.Go wrong in conjunction with bad meeting, here owing to exist the danger that wear-resistant material can grind off from cast material.When this situation occurring, the material on ingot bar surface contacts with the adjacent machines parts owing to wear and tear, and this machine part that can cause ging wrong shortens the life-span widely.
Even another problem is that the connection between the surface is quite firm, coating also can grind off gradually, and impaired as long as wearing-resistant layer does not have, the wearing and tearing of machine part are made slow progress, yet in case this pull-up falls, machine part can rapid wearing.The result just is difficult to the time that definite machine part should be changed.
Thermospray usually is used for coating is added on the iron block.The problem that adds the common appearance of a coating with thermospray is that the coating that is produced comprises a part of discrete particle.These loose granule have increased the danger of " three-body-abrasion " between two machine part sliding surfaces.Three-body-abrasion usually causes the progressively process of pointing out above of wearing and tearing.
In operation, some zones of machine part, especially engine parts can be exposed in the influence of the very big and high corrosive environment of high temperature, the temperature difference.In order to resist the influence of these stress-induced reasons, except above-mentioned resistance to wearing, the coating of machine part also must have very big plasticity-and thermostability.Before the crackle that plasticity-can be understood to be in coating began, material had the distortion of maximum possible.Not only in operation, and the thermal shocking during processing and high temperature difference also can make these machine parts be subjected to similar influence when thermal treatment, will make further discussion this below.
For firm combination is provided between coating and substrate, people have adopted several different methods to the coating that heats behind back or the sintering.US5268045 provides the example of the coating process of this prior art, wherein coated workpiece is carried out electrochemistry and cleans, and uses the thermospray of washing again, and then carries out high-temperature heat treatment, makes metal penetration in the surface of workpiece.
In this process, coating will reach its temperature of fusion, and a danger is to have influence on down laminar substrate, thereby produces stress on this substrate.In addition, in this method, can produce a kind of plastic firm coating with reduction.
US 3066042 (Ogden) discloses the method for a refractory metal spare of a kind of coating, and this method comprises: the clean metal surface, and the platinum group metal that on the surface after the cleaning, melts with shallow layer form spraying one, and spray this coating of sclerosis.In addition, according to US 3066042, when spraying sclerosis, the best viscous deformation of coating makes the basic viscous deformation of whole layer thus, regulates the solid infiltration of this layer by following thermal treatment.According to the difference of temperature, thermal treatment will be carried out about 1 to 10 hour, and the micropore in the platinum layer that sprays has been eliminated in the infiltration of the solid of this layer thus.Injection, injection sclerosis and thermal treatment are alternately carried out continuously, until obtain till the coating of adequate thickness.Described method can be thought quite time-consuming but also comprise a plurality of steps that are difficult to combination and carry out.The thermal treatment of this long coating often can cause producing induced stress on substrate and influence substrate.In addition, this method can produce a kind of plastic firm coating with reduction.
For coating on coating on the substrate and the ingot bar in bending usually the problems referred to above can appear.When coating is added to when being heated on the ingot bar, ingot bar also will be heated, and therefore will cause the thermal expansion of machine part piece.After thermal treatment, when machine part cools off, it will get back to its original shape, and therefore new bonded coating will be had to along with machine part changes.If coating is to be added on the surface of curved shape, coating is subjected to tensile stress when cooling, and this just might ftracture or peel off, and this can cause the working life of machine part to shorten.
Other problems relevant with prior art will be described in more detail in this document.Therefore require to find a kind of method, it can provide erosion resistant coating a kind of mortise and that have the life-span prolongation on machine part.Also having a purpose is to find a kind of method, and it can satisfy industrial requirement, promptly adds coating on machine part effectively.This coating provides one deck coating on machine part under the situation of the stress that as far as possible reduces, can also reduce that the coating endoparticle gets loose and the danger of actual crack simultaneously.Now, it is known also not having a kind of method that adds coating on machine part that can overcome the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that should be used for adding effectively a coating especially on machine part, it can satisfy following essential requirement: resistance to wear, elasticity, anticorrosive, rigidity, thermostability and plasticity-.
Another purpose provides the machine part of a band coating, and it can not have the above-mentioned shortcoming that occurs in the prior art.Can more know other features and advantages of the present invention from the following description of this invention.
The invention provides the method on a kind of part surface at least that coating is added to a machine part, aforesaid method comprises the following steps: to add above-mentioned coated material with heat spraying method, the above-mentioned coated material of thermal treatment on high temperature, the time of handling is long enough to make at least above-mentioned coated material partly to be penetrated on the lower surface, in order to add the coating of the same material of multilayer in above-mentioned machine part surface, add the additional coated material layer of one deck, all heat-treat on each above-mentioned coated material layer, wherein above-mentioned thermal treatment produces form of grooves on each particulate point of contact of above-mentioned at least coating.The machine part coatings of above-mentioned generation has the porosity of volume percent at 1-15%.
Comprise the groove of generation and the coated material of micropore and have distortion and the defective that absorption is in use caused by induced gravity.According to method of the present invention, between coated material and machine part surface, form firm combination, in coating, also form inner firm combination.Be added to the Heating temperature of coating on the machine part by control, this coated material will be in above-mentioned coating and the point of contact between the particle of machine part surface (microwelding) produce groove, thereby between above-mentioned particle, produce firm combination.
The time that is exposed in the heat is depended on spraying technology.Yet spraying technology and their speed are known concerning a those skilled in the art, therefore can determine the T/A of heat-treating continuously at an easy rate in accordance with the teachings of the present invention to popular speed and used coated material to those skilled in the art.
Different according to coated material and machine part are exposed to above-mentioned materials to be lower than or to approach and can produce the point of contact groove in the Heating temperature of coated material fusing point.A kind of coated material that can be used on the machine part generally includes a kind of base material and a kind of strongthener.Usually but be not absolute, be added to coated material on the machine part in 60%～80% scope of the temperature of fusion of the strongthener of coating.Therefore base material will be heated on its temperature of fusion at short notice, produce above-mentioned form of grooves when the time comes on material.Adopt method of the present invention, a kind of coating is provided, it comprises unlimited micropore between the particle of coating.According to method of the present invention, reached the purpose that reduces the loose granule in the machine part coatings in addition.
Hot spray apparatus and thermal treatment unit preferably link together and move with respect to machine part, simultaneously above-mentioned machine part are added above-mentioned coated material and heat-treat.
Control heat exposure time by controlling the mobile mode that can need.
In order to provide needed high-temperature heat treatment, preferably adopt induction heating to above-mentioned machine part.It is effective and economical that the thermal treatment of induction heating is considered to, but also adopt known other method of those skilled in the art, and other method is a laser.
Another benefit of the inventive method is that the coating of resulting machine part has equally distributed porosity.The coating of above-mentioned resulting machine part preferably has the porosity of volume percent between 1～15%.This coated material comprises the micropore of generation, therefore just can absorb distortion and the defective that in use causes owing to the stress that produces.
The micropore that opens wide also can be used as the bolster of lubricating substance, thereby the effect of lubricant is provided when machine part uses, and therefore can reduce friction and wear.Yet the micropore of sealing is difficult for admitting the outside lubricant of sending into, and therefore seldom uses when needed.
In addition, the thickness that has usually of each above-mentioned coated material layer is between the 0.005-0.40mm.Layer thickness according to the inventive method is preferably in about 0.01mm.In order to produce needed groove at the point of contact between the particle in coating between hot exposure period, one deck coat-thickness of the inventive method is between 0.005-0.10mm.
In a kind of preferred method of the present invention, in the time of in delivering to above-mentioned thermal spray process, coated material is a powdered.In order to obtain a kind of effective and in check manufacturing processed, when delivering to above-mentioned thermojet process, above-mentioned coated material also can have the form resemble the filament.
In the method for a kind of special recommendation of the present invention, this method is used for a machine part that comprises crooked shape surface, and above-mentioned coated material is added on the subregion at least on above-mentioned crooked shape surface.For this machine part, present method particularly suitable, this is because of mentioning as in the background technology part, and adopting the conventional coatings technology to follow the problem of induced stress on the machine part of curved shape is unusual difficulty.In order further to reduce induced stress, the above-mentioned machine part of preheating before adding the step of above-mentioned coated material.
According to the present invention, a kind of machine part also is provided, it is by the thermal spray process applying coating material, above-mentioned coated material is carried out high-temperature heat treatment, the time of handling is enough to make at least the above-mentioned coated material of part to be penetrated in the following surface, add one deck coated material in addition, and then every layer of above-mentioned coated material heat-treated, thereby on above-mentioned machine part surface, provide multilayer above-mentioned coated material, above-mentioned coated material is included in the groove on the point of contact between the particle in the above-mentioned at least coating, and the coating of the machine part of above-mentioned generation has the porosity of volume percent at 1-15%.
This coated material comprises groove and the micropore that has produced, therefore just can absorb distortion and the defective that is caused by induced gravity in the use.
According to a preferred embodiment of machine part coatings of the present invention, can between coated material and machine surface, obtain firm combination, and in coating, obtain firm combination.Be added to heat on the coated material on the machine part by control, the point of contact (microwelding) between the particle of this coated material in above-mentioned coating and machine part surface produces groove, thereby produces firm combination between particle.The material of selecting according to used coating and used machine parts different are by producing the groove of point of contact in the heat that above-mentioned materials is exposed to be lower than material melting point.
Usually but be not absolute, the temperature range of the high-temperature heat treatment of the coated material on the machine part is in the scope with the 60-80% of the temperature of fusion of the strongthener of making coatings.Adopt method of the present invention, the micropore that opens wide of material production is provided between the particle of coating.Coated material can be selected from least one group of following material: metal, metal alloy, carbide, silicate, pottery, muriate, sintering metal and their mixture.
According to the present invention, coated material preferably includes the metallic compound of selecting: Cr from organize down 3C 2, Cr 2O 3, CuAl and Al 2O 3Verified, these compounds and metal alloy are very suitable for making has high performance machine part coatings, and they have splendid resistance to wearing and sliding capability.The coating of present embodiment comprises the mixing of reinforcement of metal, the portion-form of portion-form.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this coated material is a sintering metal.Sintering metal is one group of coating, and it combines pottery and metal or alloy.Usually the example of Shi Yonging is the chromium carbide (ceramic components) on nickel/chromium base.As can be seen, a those skilled in the art can adopt other ceramic compound, alloy and sintering metal (NM) that coating of the present invention is provided on machine part here.
In addition, according to the present invention, provide a kind of machine part, wherein the thickness that has usually of each above-mentioned coated material layer is between 0.005-0.10mm.The thickness of one deck coating on the machine part of the present invention is about 0.01mm.For the point of contact between the particle of coating during fabrication produces needed groove, the coat-thickness on the machine part of the present invention is usually between 0.005-0.10mm.The total thickness of coating is pressed the size of machine part and type and is decided.For for diesel motor aboard ship, the total thickness of coating can be up to about 5mm.
Description of drawings
Describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawings in detail.
The equipment that a coated material is added to method therefor on the machine part of the present invention represented in Fig. 1 summary.
Fig. 2 briefly shows the part machine part that comprises coating of the present invention.
Fig. 3 briefly shows the amplification diagrammatic sketch according to Fig. 2 parts of the present invention.
Fig. 4 briefly shows the example of the coating that the method that adopts another prior art draws.
Detailed description of preferred embodiment
Describe a preferred embodiment of the preferred method of the present invention and machine part of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawings in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, machine part 1 is providing a coating.The coating producing apparatus also comprises a spray equipment 3 and a thermal treatment unit 5.Member around when preferably but not necessarily, providing a protective cover (not shown) to cover spraying.In addition, an inductor block constitutes thermal treatment unit 5.Size difference according to machine part 1 can add inductor block 5 in many ways.In the present embodiment, show inductor block 5 more than one.Machine part 1 after cleaning is positioned to this coating apparatus and handles.This machine part is an ingot pig preferably.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, adopt heat spraying method that coated material 4 is added on the needed part of machine part 1.Hot spray apparatus 3 adopts plasma, electric arc, HVOF or flame spraying technology usually, and this can think known for those skilled in the art.
Machine part 1 moves with respect to spray equipment 3 and thermal treatment unit 5 continuously when spraying, and coated material always can be subjected to high-temperature heat treatment.According to a preferred method, when adding coating and thermal treatment, coated machine part surface with respect to the peripheral speed of hot spray apparatus 3 about 20 meters/minute.
The coating of a preferred embodiment comprises the mixture of part metals form, part reinforcement form.This coated material is preferably between the 60-80% of the strongthener temperature of fusion of short period of time internal heating in the above-mentioned coating.
Each adds that the circulation of coated material 4 and heating coating material 4 will produce the new coating of one deck 24 on machine part surface, as shown in Figure 2.In Fig. 2, only illustrate 3 layer 24 and come principle of specification, but will add usually more than 10 layers, preferably more than 50 layers.Certainly the quantity of layer 24 depends on the factors such as thickness of layer 24.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of each coating 24 is generally 0.01mm.The total thickness of machine part 1 added coating 24a is preferably in about 0.8mm, but also may be up to about 5mm.Yet these diagrammatic sketch only provide the notion of used characteristic with exemplary forms, those skilled in the art should be seen according to the particular requirement with this coated machine part 1, adjust these characteristics, as the thickness of layer 24, quantity of peripheral speed when coating is made and layer 24 or the like all is possible.
In addition, according to the present invention, coated material 4 comprises the metallic compound of selecting from organize down: as Cr 2O 3And Al 2O 3Verified, these compounds and metal alloy can produce high performance metal parts coating.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, coated material is a sintering metal.This sintering metal is one group of coating, and making coating is the combination of at least a pottery and at least a metal or alloy.Usually the example of Shi Yonging is the chromium carbide (ceramics component) in nickel/chromium base, should see, those skilled in the art can adopt other ceramic compound, alloy and sintering metal (not describing in detail) here, and the coating on machine part of the present invention is provided.
A preferred embodiment according to machine part 1 of the present invention can obtain the firm combination between coated material 4 and the machine part surface 22, also can obtain the firm combination of the inside in the coating.By being controlled at the heat that is added to when coated material 4 is added on the machine part 1 on the coated material, will produce groove (microwelding) on the point of contact between the particle that force on above-mentioned coating and the machine part surface, between above-mentioned particle, produce firm combination.Usually but be not absolute, the high thermal treatment temp of coated material is in the 60-80% scope of the temperature of fusion of the strongthener at least of above-mentioned coated material on the machine part.
Fig. 3 further is illustrated in the bonded enlarged view between the particle in one deck 24.Adopted method of the present invention, a kind of coating of machine part is provided, this coating comprises unlimited micropore between the particle 21 of coating.According to coated material and machine part 1, this point of contact groove 23 produces by above-mentioned materials is exposed on the temperature that is lower than material melting point.23 pairs of coatings of this point of contact groove provide added strength.Therefore, coating is exposed to step in the high temperature, will produces than the much bigger more firm combination of mechanical bond that only normally obtains by thermospray.
Shown in Fig. 4 excessive heat is added to the influence that produces on the whole coating of coating or substrate, this situation may be favourable concerning other is used, but no concerning the machine part coatings of these types.When coating on substrate, as add excessive heat, coated material will melt.In order to compare with the size of coating layer portion shown in Figure 3, the size of Fig. 3 approximates the size of Fig. 4 greatly.As can be seen, the micropore in the coating of Fig. 4 reduces in a large number, and these micropores are uneven distribution but also seal also.
The micropore of sealing can not provide lubricant effect usually.In addition, this plasticity-that coating provided with micropore of uneven distribution seldom is not enough to use in the coating of machine part usually.Certainly combination is very firm in this coating, but aforesaid other characteristic can not satisfy the condition on the machine part of using.Have been found that since in thermal treatment of the present invention between laminated coating and the inner groove that forms, can obtain a kind of coating with splendid plastic mortise.
In addition, the characteristic to machine part also has other negative impact when adopting excessive heat to be added on the coating.Therefore the invention provides a kind of method, the coating on the machine part is limited to the infringement of machine part, has good adhesiveproperties, unlimited micropore and enough porositys.
Coating of the present invention also should be added in machine part on frayed sliding surface.This coating preferably is used on the sliding surface of pump, hydro-pump and fire pump.Coating of the present invention is particularly useful for applying the machine part in the oil engine, more is applicable on the marine diesel.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this coating be added to cylinder bush to the small part sliding surface.This cylinder bush or apply fully or on the part of needs, apply predetermined pattern.A geometrical configuration that example is the spiral on the cylinder bush internal surface of this coating pattern.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, this machine part is piston, piston rod or a piston skirt.Can think that coating of the present invention is specially adapted to be provided in the ring groove of piston.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, this coating layer portion or fully be added on the interior sliding surface of stuffing box wear ring.
The embodiment that also has other, what can be used on camshaft and/or bent axle as coating of the present invention is on the suitable surface and on the sliding surface of the cam of camshaft at least.
In addition, it is favourable coating of the present invention being used on the sliding surface of an axle.According to one embodiment of present invention, the sliding surface of a petrolift is provided with coated material of the present invention.According to another embodiment of the present invention, this coating can be used on the parts that are subjected to heat and abrasion load of inlet valve and/or outlet valve, and these valves preferably are used on the large-scale two-stroke diesel engine.
Describe the while of the present invention in detail in the reference specific embodiments, those skilled in the art can carry out variations and modifications not exceeding in the spirit and scope of the present invention as can be seen.Therefore should be appreciated that the whole bag of tricks all can be used to component of the present invention is added on the machine part as plasma, HVOF and electric arc spraying or other methods involving.Certainly also can adjust on demand the equipment and the method that on machine part 1, add coating or heating, be not limited in aforesaid method, only provide some examples above.Therefore adopt laser equipment can think to add another possible scheme of coating.

Claims (23)

1. one kind is applied to the especially method on the part surface at least (22) of engine operation part of machine part (1) with the erosion resistant coating material, and aforesaid method comprises the following steps: to apply above-mentioned coated material by heat spraying method,
The above-mentioned coated material of thermal treatment at elevated temperatures by the Heating temperature that described material is exposed to the temperature of fusion that is lower than coated material, the time of processing be enough to make above-mentioned coated material partly to be penetrated in the following surface and
Apply additional coated material layer (24), again each above-mentioned coated material layer (24) is carried out continuous heat treatment, thereby on above-mentioned machine part surface, apply the identical above-mentioned coated material of multilayer (24), wherein above-mentioned thermal treatment produces form of grooves on the point of contact between the particle (21) of above-mentioned at least coating, the coating of formed machine part has the porosity of volume percent between 1-15%.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the thermal treatment temp of rising of coated material of machine part is in the scope of the 60-80% of coated material temperature of fusion.
3. according to any one method among the claim 1-2, wherein when when described machine part (1) applies described coated material (4) and thermal treatment, above-mentioned hot spray apparatus (3) and thermal treatment unit (5) connect together and move with respect to machine part (1).
4. according to any one method among the claim 1-3, the above-mentioned thermal treatment of wherein above-mentioned machine part (1) provides by induction heating.
5. according to any one method among the claim 1-4, wherein the coating of formed machine part has equally distributed porosity.
6. according to any one method among the claim 1-5, wherein at least 10% of the micropore of the coating of formed machine part is the micropore (23) that opens wide.
7. according to any one method among the claim 1-6, wherein the thickness of each above-mentioned coated material layer (24) is usually between 0.005-0.4mm.
8. according to any one method among the claim 1-7, wherein above-mentioned coated material is powdered when delivering to above-mentioned thermal spray process.
9. according to any one method among the claim 1-7, wherein above-mentioned coated material is filamentous when delivering to above-mentioned thermal spray process.
10. according to any one method among the claim 1-9, wherein above-mentioned coated material comprises at least a of following material: metal, metal alloy, carbide, silicate, pottery, sintering metal and their mixture.
11. according to any one method among the claim 1-10, wherein above-mentioned coated material comprises a kind of metallic compound of selecting: Cr from organize down 2O 3, CuAl and Al 2O 3
12. according to any one method among the claim 1-11, wherein above-mentioned machine part (1) carried out preheating before applying the step of above-mentioned coated material.
13. according to any one method among the claim 1-12, wherein above-mentioned machine part (1) comprises the surface of a curved shape, above-mentioned coated material is applied at least some zones on above-mentioned curved shape surface.
A 14. machine part (1), be coated with the erosion resistant coating material by heat spraying method, by the Heating temperature that described material is exposed to the temperature of fusion that is lower than coated material above-mentioned coated material exposure is heat-treated at elevated temperatures, the time of processing is enough to make the above-mentioned coated material of part to be penetrated in the following surface; Apply additional coated material layer (24) and each above-mentioned coated material is heat-treated, thereby on above-mentioned machine part surface (22), provide the same above-mentioned coated material of multilayer (24), point of contact between the particle (21) of above-mentioned coated material in above-mentioned at least coating forms groove (23), and the coating of above-mentioned machine part has the porosity of volume percent between 1-15%.
15. according to the machine part (1) of claim 14, wherein the thermal treatment temp of the rising of the coated material of machine part is in the 60-80% of coated material temperature of fusion scope.
16. according to the machine part (1) of claim 14-15, wherein the above-mentioned thermal treatment of above-mentioned machine part is undertaken by induction heating.
17. according to any one machine part (1) among the claim 14-16, wherein the coating of above-mentioned machine part has equally distributed porosity.
18. according to any one machine part (1) among the claim 14-17, wherein at least 10% of the micropore of the coating of formed machine part is the micropore (23) that opens wide.
19. according to any one machine part (1) among the claim 14-18, wherein each above-mentioned coated material layer (24) has the thickness of 0.005-0.4mm usually.
20. according to any one machine part (1) among the claim 14-19, wherein above-mentioned coated material comprises at least a in metal, metal alloy, carbide, silicate, pottery, sintering metal, oxide compound and their mixture.
21. according to any one machine part (1) among the claim 14-20, wherein above-mentioned coated material comprises the metallic compound of selecting: Cr from following one group 2O 3, CuAl, Al 2O 3With their mixture.
22. according to any one machine part (1) among the claim 14-21, wherein above-mentioned coated material is a sintering metal.
23. according to any one machine part (1) among the claim 14-22, wherein above-mentioned coating is applied at least a portion on surface of curved shape of above-mentioned machine part (1).
CNB028283678A 2002-02-28 2002-02-28 Thermal spraying of machine part Expired - Fee Related CN100385033C (en)

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DE102010017859B4 (en) * 2010-04-22 2012-05-31 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Method for processing a surface of a component
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US5989343A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-11-23 General Electric Company Directionally solidified thermal barrier coating

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US3066042A (en) * 1959-11-27 1962-11-27 Engelhard Ind Inc Method of coating metal
US3615099A (en) * 1969-02-26 1971-10-26 Ramsey Corp Multiple layer faced piston rings
DE3137731A1 (en) * 1981-09-23 1983-04-14 Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt HIGH TEMPERATURE AND THERMAL SHOCK RESISTANT COMPACT MATERIALS AND COATINGS
EP0418299A1 (en) * 1988-06-06 1991-03-27 Osprey Metals Limited Spray deposition
JP2858013B2 (en) * 1989-08-03 1999-02-17 ティーディーケイ株式会社 Optical recording method
EP1076727B1 (en) * 1998-02-28 2005-06-01 General Electric Company Multilayer bond coat for a thermal barrier coating system and process therefor
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US5989343A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-11-23 General Electric Company Directionally solidified thermal barrier coating

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AU2002244734A1 (en) 2003-09-09
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EP1478790A1 (en) 2004-11-24
JP2005519190A (en) 2005-06-30

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