CN100376339C - Tube bend processing device and tube bend processing method - Google Patents
Tube bend processing device and tube bend processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100376339C CN100376339C CNB2005100743791A CN200510074379A CN100376339C CN 100376339 C CN100376339 C CN 100376339C CN B2005100743791 A CNB2005100743791 A CN B2005100743791A CN 200510074379 A CN200510074379 A CN 200510074379A CN 100376339 C CN100376339 C CN 100376339C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a tube bending processing device which can prevent buckling and thickness reduction at tube bending processing time and can cause the circumference of a tube to freely change. The present invention is characterized in that the tube bending processing device comprises a bending die (1), a clamp (2), a pressing die (3), a pressure device (8) and a control device, wherein the bending die (1) is provided with a slot part which has a shape corresponding to a bending shape. The butting point of the bending die (1) and the tube (p) and the straight line of the rotation center (o) of the main body part are crossed in one point with the pressing die; the pressure device (8) is a device pressurized to the point in the straight line direction, and the pressurizing position of the pressure device (8) is a position that does not apply unneeded force moment for the tube (p). In addition, because the circumference of the matching part of the slot part and the pressing die (3) is shorter than the circumference of the tube (p), the tube (p) can be applied with compressive stress, and thereby, the present invention can effectively prevent the buckling in the inner side of bend and the thickness reduction at the outer side of the bend.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tube bend processing device and tube bend processing method by the crooked pipe of plastic working.
Background technology
The duct member that carries out minimum bending machining (for example, bending radius is that 1.5D is following) commonly used in automobile, air conditioner etc.As being used for tube bending is the bender of definite shape, is extensive use of Fig. 9 and rotation stretch bending processing unit (plant) shown in Figure 10.Figure 10 is the b-b cutaway view of Fig. 9.
Rotation stretch bending processing unit (plant) comprises: form the curved guide groove rotatable bending die 91, with the part of pipe p be fixed on anchor clamps 92 on the bending die 91, keep the curved outer circumferential surface of pipe p pressing mold 93, keep pipe p inner peripheral surface wiper die (wiper) 94, remain on pipe p the inboard plug 95 and from the rear end of pipe p on direction of principal axis to the pipe booster 96 of the pipe p application of force.
Pressing mold 93 can be held device 97 with moving freely and support on the direction of principal axis of pipe p, clamper 97 can be regulated the radial direction position of bending die 91 by position adjustments screw 97a simultaneously.Usually, in the man-hour that adds of pipe p, the position of pressing mold 93 is fixing mostly.
For bending machining pipe p, can be fixed on the bending die 91 with the part of anchor clamps 92 pipe p, by position adjustments screw 97a pressing mold 93 is moved on the desirable position simultaneously, clamp pipe p with bending die 91, wiper die 94, plug 95 and pressing mold 93, make bending die 91 rotation, thereby be the shape of copying the groove shape of bending die 91 pipe p bending machining.In addition, can pass through pipe booster 96 application of forces from the rear end of pipe p as required.
In above-mentioned pipe p bender, as shown in figure 11, with crooked how much neutral axis of pipe p as the center, inside and outside bending, the flexure operation difference of pipe.Just, because the path length of the relative neutral axis of curved outside is longer, so after direction of principal axis stretch bending processing, wall thickness is compared attenuation with original wall thickness t.The path length of the relative neutral axis of curved interior shortens, so shrink at direction of principal axis, the wall thickness after the bending machining is compared thickening with original wall thickness t.
Therefore, curved outside can crack, and crooked inboard is easy to generate buckles.In addition, as shown in figure 12, the section after the bending machining produces ovalization.In the past,,, have in pipe p inboard under the state of plug 95 and carry out bending machining as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10 in order to prevent buckling and preventing the ovalization of pipe p of curved interior.Just, clamping under the state of pipe p, the tube wall of the curved interior of pipe p is being carried out bending machining, can prevent from thus to buckle with bending die 91, wiper die 94 and plug 95.
But,,, have the shortcoming of easier breakage so can impel subtracting of curved outside thick owing to the tube wall of curved outside can be subjected to the attenuate deep-drawing deformation that produces because of plug 95.
The method of the crackle when suppressing this bending machining, problem such as buckle, in prior art, for example patent documentation 1, following technology has been proposed: the rate of bending detector of bending die 91 and the pushing speed detector of pipe booster 96 are installed in the circumgyration stretch bender, according to signal from rate of bending detector and extrusion speed detector, acceleration and deceleration control rate of bending and pushing speed make rate of bending pattern and the similar Synchronization Control of pushing velocity mode thereby adopt.
In addition, in prior art, for example patent documentation 2, following tube bend processing method is also disclosed: relative pipe, it is roughly the same that the periphery of pressing mold 93 sides is remained and manage radius, the periphery of bending die 91 sides is deformed into than the bigger radius of pipe radius, and, the whole girth of pipe is dwindled several percentages.
Patent documentation 1: specially permit communique No. 2544001
Patent documentation 2: the spy opens clear 55-5180 communique
Summary of the invention
Yet, even adopt these technology, because the plug of buckling 95 that is used to prevent the flattening of pipe p and prevent curved interior makes above-mentioned pipe p inner face have the attenuate deep-drawing deformation, thereby it is thick to exempt subtracting of curved outside, and, remove plug 95 in order to prevent the subtracting thick of attenuate deep-drawing deformation generation, carry out minimum bending machining (1.5DR is following), exist curved interior to produce the shortcoming of buckling.
In addition, the duct member that uses in present automobile component tends to be extensive use of the parts of hydroforming pipe processing.Usually, hydroforming is to carry out behind the preform of bending machining, and is to make parts after the hydroforming in the perimeter change of the each several part of length direction mostly.
This pipe preform that is used for hydroforming obviously subtracts thickly after the bending machining, break easily during hydroforming.Therefore, it is very important suppressing to subtract thick.In addition, when bending machining, give with the corresponding girth of the perimeter change of hydroforming metal die and also become extremely important.When particularly under low pressure carrying out hydroforming, when the girth after bending machining is longer than the girth of hydroforming metal die, produces during hydroforming and buckle; Otherwise generation can not obtain shaping form problems such as (for example R parts) at girth than the girth of hydroforming metal die in short-term.
In addition, when pipe is carried out hydroforming, before hydroforming, undergauge is carried out at the pipe two ends.At this moment, can not insert plug, so can not prevent from effectively to buckle at tube interior.
In addition, when hydroforming, also there be the sectional width situation narrower than former caliber in the section shape difference of the each several part of length direction.Therefore, carry out the pipe p of bending machining, may not inject the hydroforming pass with bender in the past.At this moment, normally following carrying out: after device carried out bending machining in the past, after damage by pressure the position of pipe p and hydroforming pass being disturbed by drawing, be inserted in the hydroforming pass.Just, comprise (1) bending machining operation, (2) punch process operation, (3) hydroforming operation as manufacturing procedure, this also is irrational from increasing the viewpoint of manufacturing time, processing unit (plant) and preparation metal die.
Therefore, in the present invention, purpose is to be provided at tube bending and adds man-hour, can prevent to buckle and subtract thick tube bend processing device and method.In addition, in the present invention, purpose also is to provide tube bend processing device and the method that the pipe girth is freely changed.
Tube bend processing device of the present invention comprises: bending die, this bending die have rotatable main part and are formed at the side face of this main part and have slot part with the corresponding shape of curved shape of pipe; The anchor clamps that keep the part of this pipe; Pressing mold, it can be clipped in this pipe between this slot part of pressing mold and this bending die, and can move on the direction of principal axis of this pipe of clamping; Towards this bending die and to the pressue device of this pressing mold pressurization; Control device with this pressue device of control is characterized in that: straight line and this pressing mold of the abutment by this bending die and this pipe and the pivot of this main part meet at a bit, and this pressue device is the device that on this rectilinear direction this intersection point is pressurizeed.
Straight line and this pressing mold of the abutment by this bending die and this pipe and the pivot of this main part meet at a bit, because pressue device is the device that on this rectilinear direction this intersection point is pressurizeed, thereby on pipe, do not apply unwanted moment, the pipe to processing does not apply unnecessary power.Owing to there is not unnecessary power, so the tube wall of pipe is not produced unnecessary distortion.
Then, than all length of pipe and pipe is carried out undergauge, can apply compression stress, can prevent buckling of curved interior effectively pipe by at least a portion in the girth that makes slot part and pressing mold mating part.Therefore, do not need in the past the necessary wiper die of tube bend processing device.In addition and wiper die keep the parts that the plug of pipe neither be necessary simultaneously from the inboard.
In addition,, material can be fed to and subtract thick curved outside easily, can prevent to subtract thick by pipe is carried out undergauge.
Then, the girth of above-mentioned bending die and above-mentioned pressing mold mating part is preferably than all length of above-mentioned pipe.In addition, above-mentioned control device is preferably the device of controlling above-mentioned pressue device according to the curved shape of this pipe.By using pressue device that pressing mold is further pressurizeed, can make the undergauge quantitative change of pipe big, can prevent the problem (buckle, subtract thick etc.) in the tube bending processing, but carry out undergauge up to the part of not carrying out tube bending processing, be not all to be preferred.
Therefore, for the part beyond the sweep of pipe, preferably control pressue device so that its undergauge not.Even the girth of slot part and pressing mold mating part than the part of all length of pipe, also can be controlled the undergauge of pipe according to pressue device to the pressurization degree of pressing mold.
In addition, when carrying out tube bending as the preform of above-mentioned hydroforming, the diameter of the pipe after the processing is must be different on the direction of principal axis, so also can change diameter on the direction of principal axis of pipe by the control pressue device at this moment.
As concrete optimal way, have the rotation angle detection apparatus of the anglec of rotation that detects above-mentioned bending die, above-mentioned control device is controlled above-mentioned pressue device according to the detected anglec of rotation of this rotation angle detection apparatus.
Pipe plan shape is bent into the shape at the slot part of the side face formation of bending die main part, so the degree of the bending machining of pipe is to determine according to the anglec of rotation of bending die.Therefore, control pressue device, can only carry out the undergauge of necessary amount in the necessary part (for example part of tube bending) of pipe according to the anglec of rotation of detected bending die.
Then, above-mentioned control device is preferably controlled above-mentioned pressue device so that the amount of feeding of above-mentioned pressing mold is setting.
The cut-off of pipe is according to the distance between pressing mold and bending die, just the amount of feeding of pressing mold is determined.Therefore, by the amount of feeding of control pressing mold, can more critically control the cut-off of pipe.
In addition, preferably has on above-mentioned pipe moving direction pressing mold force application apparatus to the above-mentioned pressing mold application of force.Because the external diameter and the bending radius of pipe are big more, pressing mold is also big more, so by go up the inertia force of pressing mold can reduce this device and move the pressing mold application of force time at the moving direction (direction of principal axis) of pipe.
Then, preferably do not dispose plug in the inside of the part of being clamped of above-mentioned pipe by above-mentioned bending die and above-mentioned pressing mold.Do not dispose that plug can suppress the attenuate pull and stretch of tube interior and subtracting of producing is thick.In device of the present invention, also be difficult to buckle in the curved interior generation of pipe even without plug.
In addition, the following part device of tube bend processing method of the present invention: bending die, this bending die have rotatable main part and slot part formation at the side face of this main part and the corresponding shape of curved shape pipe; The anchor clamps that keep the part of this pipe; Pressing mold can be clipped in this pipe between this slot part of pressing mold and this bending die, and can move at the direction of principal axis of this pipe of clamping; Towards this bending die and to the pressue device of this pressing mold pressurization; Control device with this pressue device of control, it is characterized in that: straight line and this pressing mold of the abutment by this bending die and this pipe and the pivot of this main part meet at a bit, this pressue device is the device that on this rectilinear direction this intersection point is pressurizeed, and carries out undergauge in crooked this pipe.
Then, the girth of preferred above-mentioned slot part and above-mentioned pressing mold mating part is than all length of above-mentioned pipe.In addition, preferably this pipe is carried out undergauge according to the curved shape of above-mentioned pipe.In addition, preferably have the rotation angle detection apparatus of the anglec of rotation that detects above-mentioned bending die, above-mentioned pipe is carried out undergauge according to the detected anglec of rotation of this rotation detecting.In addition, preferably do not dispose plug in the inside of the part of being clamped of above-mentioned pipe by above-mentioned bending die and above-mentioned pressing mold.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch of an embodiment of expression tube bend processing device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the a-a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of tube bend processing device shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the result of experiment 3.
Fig. 4 is the result of experiment 4.
Fig. 5 is the bending die of use in the experiment 5 and the phantom of pressing mold.
Fig. 6 is the bending die of use in the experiment 6 and the phantom of pressing mold.
Fig. 7 is the result of experiment 6.
Fig. 8 is the result of experiment 6.
Fig. 9 is the sketch of the tube bend processing device of expression prior art.
Figure 10 is the b-b diagrammatic cross-sectional view of tube bend processing device shown in Figure 9.
Figure 11 is the thick key diagram that subtracts in the tube bending of the prior art outside.
Figure 12 is the key diagram of the ovalization of pipe of the prior art.
Fig. 1 is as follows to the symbol description among Figure 10.
1,11,12,91 ... bending die
2,92 ... anchor clamps
3,31,32,93 ... pressing mold
4 ... the pressing mold force application apparatus
5 ... the pipe position detecting device
6 ... control device
7,97 ... clamper
8 ... pressue device
9 ... hydraulic pressure control device
94 ... wiper die
95 ... plug
96 ... the pipe booster
O ... the pivot of bending die (rotating shaft)
The specific embodiment
The structure summary of the tube bend processing device of present embodiment as shown in Figure 1.The a-a cutaway view of Fig. 1 as shown in Figure 2.The tube bend processing device of present embodiment comprises bending die 1, anchor clamps 2, pipe position detecting device 5, pressing mold 3, pressue device 8 and control device 6.In addition, can also comprise pressing mold force application apparatus 4 as required.
Bending die 1 comprises main part and slot part.Main part can remain on rotating shaft (pivot) o with rotating freely.Slot part is formed on the side face of its main part, has and the corresponding shape of the curved shape of pipe.Bending die 1 is determined girth according to the length of the processing part of the pipe of processing.
In addition, determine the width of slot part and main part according to the diameter of pipe.
Anchor clamps 2 are the devices that keep the part of pipe p.Preferably the end of pipe p is fixed on the device on the part of side face of bending die 1.Carry out bending machining with the part that pipe p is fixed on the anchor clamps 2 as 1 strong point.
Pipe position detecting device 5 is that detection bending die 1 and pressing mold 3 are clamped the device of the position of pipe p.Be so that purpose is detected, is controlled to be in the position of pipe p undergauge, detect pipe p and be bent the position that mould 1 and pressing mold 3 are clamped.Special preferred detection is carried out the part of bending machining to pipe p.As described later, preferably the part of carrying out bending machining is carried out the undergauge of pipe p, thus the position of preferred detection pipe p, again according to the extent control pressue device 8 of the corresponding bending machining in detected position.
As the device of the position of detecting pipe p, can adopt the device of the position of the position of detecting the anchor clamps 2 that are used to keep pipe p or pressing mold 3, directly measure the position of pipe p device, detect the device etc. of the anglec of rotation of bending die 1.The shape of the slot part of bending die 1 is corresponding with the curved shape of pipe p, changes according to the anglec of rotation, so can detect the groove shape of bending die 1, the just curved shape of pipe p by the anglec of rotation that detects bending die 1.
The position probing of pipe p etc., there is no particular limitation for the detection method of the anglec of rotation.Can adopt common checkout gear, for example linear encoder, rotary encoder etc.In addition, also can be used to detect the pipe position from beginning bending machining institute elapsed time.Pipe position detecting device 5 detected pipe positional informations are exported to control device 6 as the pipe position signalling.
Pressing mold 3 is pipe p to be pressed in slot part make it that device of plastic deformation take place.Pressing mold 3 keeps pipe p, can be mobile and supported on the direction of principal axis of pipe p with pipe p.In slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts,, make all length of the girth of its slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts than pipe at least for the part of pipe p undergauge.In addition, the girth of slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts depends on the characteristics such as draftability of pipe, is preferably below 97% of girth of pipe, more preferably below 95%.In addition, the girth of slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts is preferably more than 85%, and more preferably 85%.
Its result can need the part of undergauge to carry out undergauge to pipe p effectively.For example, as shown in Figure 2, when pipe p is clipped between bending die 1 and the pressing mold 3, produced space u, the girth of bending die 1 and pressing mold 3 mating parts is than all length of pipe p as can be known.
In addition, slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts also can be than all length of all pipes.At this moment, as described later,, can only make pressue device 8 effects up to pipe p undergauge, thereby the necessary part of pipe p is carried out undergauge in the part that needs undergauge by control device 6 control pressue devices 8.In addition, also can carry out undergauge to all parts of pipe p.Be pressed in slot part and pipe p after carrying out undergauge is subjected to plastic deformation, easily with slot part as impetus and bending.
The section shape of slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts can be selected according to the section shape of the pipe p of last needs.In addition, when this device is used as the pre-forming device of hydroforming, can be regardless of the section shape of the pipe p that needs at last, and select the section shape of slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts.For example, can select section shape with the shape of mould according to hydroforming.
Straight line and the pressing mold 3 of the pivot of the abutment by bending die 1 and pipe p and the main part of bending die 1 meet at a bit, and pressue device 8 is devices that this intersection point is pressurizeed.Compression aspect is the direction towards the pivot of main part.Usually, for position and the direction that makes pressurization is certain, pressue device 8 is by 3 pressurizations of 7 pairs of pressing molds of clamper.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, clamper 7 is constraint pressing molds 3 on the rotating shaft direction of the radial direction of bending die 1 and bending die 1, and makes the bending die 1 can be movably to its device that keeps on the direction of principal axis of pipe p.
Pipe p is from some effect effectively on the direction of the pivot of main part dorsad of contact bending die 1.By on pipe p, applying the power opposite with this force direction, can make dynamic balance, can prevent from pipe p, to apply turning moment.In addition, can not need buckle necessary wiper die etc. of preventing in the tube bend processing device in the past to keep the parts of pipe p from the opposition side of pressing mold 3.Because it is more skilled that wiper die requires when adjusting is provided with the position, still be the running stores of wearing and tearing simultaneously, so do not need the benefit of wiper die a lot.
Illustrate the relation of pipe position signalling and control pressue device 8.At first, try to achieve by the curved shape in the pipe position detecting device 5 detected pipe positions, the bending curvature of this part is big more, and pressue device 8 applied pressures (and/or amount of feeding) are increased, and cut-off is big more.Make pressure etc. become big according to curvature, can prevent effectively that bending machining from producing buckle, subtract is thick, ovalization etc.
In addition, when in the preform of hydroforming, using this device, need to change the diameter of pipe p regardless of the position of bending machining.To this position, also can partly carry out undergauge to necessity by controlled pressure etc.
Pressing mold force application apparatus 4 is to the device of pressing mold 3 application of forces on the direction of principal axis of pipe p.Owing to pressing mold 3 and pipe p along with the rotation of bending die 1 is moved, so big if the size of pipe p becomes, the power that then is applied on the bending die 1 also becomes big.By using 4 pairs of pressing mold 3 application of forces of pressing mold force application apparatus, can reduce to make the power of bending die 1 rotation.In addition, also can use the pipe booster that in the past used to replace pressing mold force application apparatus 4.In addition, because the end that the pipe booster must keep pipe p can make equipment miniaturization so directly force in the pressing mold force application apparatus 4 of pressing mold 3, be preferred.
The tube bend processing device of present embodiment is owing to have said structure, thereby has the following effects effect.Just, this processing unit (plant) is clamped the pipe p that is bent processing by anchor clamps 2, is fixed on the side face of bending die 1.1 rotations of anchor clamps 2 and bending die.Apply power by anchor clamps 2, bending die 1 and pressing mold 3, pipe p is carried out bending machining according to the slot part shape of the side face of bending die 1.
Its result, when pressing mold 3 approached to bending die 1, the pipe p that is clipped between pressing mold 3 and the bending die 1 was extruded in a circumferential direction, according to approaching degree undergauge to the shape that meets pressing mold 3 and bending die 1.When the undergauge position of pipe p was the part of bending machining, the part of stretching tube wall was replenished because of the unnecessary pipe thickness of undergauge by bending machining, can prevent pipe p curved outside subtract thick.In addition, owing on the circumferencial direction of pipe p, be applied with compression stress during undergauge, produce, so can suppress the buckling and the ovalization the during bending machining of pipe p of curved interior of pipe p to the stress of the tube wall of slot part and pressing mold 3 extruding pipe p.
Pressing mold force application apparatus 4 by on the direction of principal axis of pipe p to pressing mold 3 application of forces, the inertia force that can suppress pressing mold 3 is applied on the bending die 1, so bending die 1 rotation, just can carry out smoothly to axial the moving of pipe p.In addition owing to can reduce the slip of pressing mold 3 and pipe p, can also suppress to stay in the curved outside of pipe p a little attenuate pull and stretch caused subtract thick.
As mentioned above, according to bender of the present invention can make can suppress subtracting of curved outside thick and do not buckle in curved interior, the different pipe of girth on direction of principal axis.
Embodiment
Experiment condition
Use tube bend processing device of the present invention and tube bend processing device in the past, carry out tube bending processing under various conditions.And have or not plug, have or not wiper die, have or not the pipe booster change of (being the pressing mold force application apparatus in apparatus of the present invention), and change the pressure of pressing mold and carry out.After the bending machining of pipe, mensuration outward appearance, maximum subtract thick rate and processing back minimum perimeter polygon.With the perusal outward appearance, whether research produces is buckled, crackle and subtract thick.
Maximum subtracts thick rate and tries to achieve according to following method.The wall thickness of the pipe after the processing uses point micrometer, measures every the spacing of 10 ° of angle of bend, with the wall thickness of minimum of a value after as processing.Maximum subtracts thick rate as shown in the formula definition.
Maximum subtracts thick rate=(wall thickness of (wall thickness of the wall thickness after the processing-former pipe)/former pipe) * 100 (%)
Minimum perimeter polygon after the processing is to measure minimum of a value in the girth of the pipe after the processing along the pipe direction of principal axis.In many experiments, the bending condition of pipe comprises minimum bending machining, can not carry out the processing conditions of bending machining in processing unit (plant) in the past fully than more options.
The pipe that uses is the electric welded steel pipe of external diameter (D) as the carbon steel of φ 65mm, girth 204mm, wall thickness (t) 2.3mm, weighs with JIS11 pipe stretching standard, and hot strength (TS) is 840Mpa, extensibility 22%.The bending radius of the bending machining that this pipe carries out (R) is 90mm ( 1.4D), and angle of bend is 90 °.Other processing conditions and experimental result are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Processing unit (plant) | Plug | Wiper die | The pipe booster applies power (ton) | Pressing mold pressure (ton) | The girth of bending die and pressing mold (mm) | Outward appearance | Maximum subtracts thick rate (%) | Minimum perimeter polygon after the processing (mm) | |
| Experimental example 1 | Apparatus of the present invention | Do not have | Do not have | Do not have | 12.5 | 192 | Well | -8.5 | 198 |
| Experimental example 2 | 15 | -7.3 | 197 | ||||||
| Experimental example 3 | 20 | -6.5 | 194 | ||||||
| Experimental example 4 | 25 | -5.8 | 193 | ||||||
| Experimental example 5 | 30 | -5.8 | 193 | ||||||
| Experimental example 6 | 11 | 30 | -5.4 | 193 | |||||
| Experimental example 7 | 17 | 30 | -5 | 193 | |||||
| Experimental example 8 | Installed in the past | Do not have | Do not have | 202 | Buckle | - | - | ||
| Experimental example 9 | Have | Have | 11 | Crackle | - | - | |||
| Experimental example 10 | 17 | Crackle | - | - |
Whether no matter the experimental example 8～9 that uses device in the past to carry out bending machining has or not plug and wiper die, use the pipe booster all to be difficult to obtain good goods.With respect to this, even not using plug and wiper die also can not produce, the experimental example 1～7 that uses apparatus of the present invention to carry out bending machining do not buckle and breakage, can obtain good goods.
The result of experimental example 1～5 shows that along with increasing the pressure of pressing mold being pressed to bending die, maximum subtracts thick rate and reduces, and obtains bending machining pipe more uniformly.In this experiment, when 25ton was above, the reduction effect that maximum subtracts thick rate was saturated to the pressure of pressing mold pressurization.This can think because the girth of bending die and pressing mold is 192mm, and the minimum perimeter polygon after the processing of the pipe of experimental example 4 and 5 is 193mm, and the pipe cut-off is saturated, and its result can not make maximum subtract thick rate and further reduce.
In addition, the result of experimental example 5～7 shows, even the pressure of pressing mold is identical, also can makes maximum subtract thick rate by the pressing mold force application apparatus to the pressing mold application of force and reduce.
Compare with the pipe that uses in the experiment 1, use the less pipe of extensibility to experimentize.The pipe that uses is the electric welded steel pipe of external diameter (D) as the carbon steel of φ 70mm, girth 220mm, wall thickness (t) 2.0mm, stretches with the JIS11 pipe and weighs, and hot strength (TS) is that 900Mpa, extensibility are 8%.The bending radius of the bending machining that this pipe carries out (R) is 180mm ( 2.6D), and angle of bend is 90 °.Other processing conditions and experimental result are as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| Processing unit (plant) | Plug | Wiper die | The pipe booster applies power (ton) | Pressing mold pressure (ton) | The girth of bending die and pressing mold (mm) | Outward appearance | Maximum subtracts thick rate (%) | Minimum perimeter polygon after the processing (mm) | |
| Experimental example 11 | Apparatus of the present invention | Do not have | Do not have | Do not have | 15 | 208 | Well | -9.0 | 209 |
| Experimental example 12 | 17 | 15 | -8.5 | 209 | |||||
| Experimental example 13 | Installed in the past | Do not have | Do not have | 218 | Crackle | - | - | ||
| Experimental example 14 | Have | Have | 17 | - | - |
The result of experimental example 11 shown in the table 2 and experimental example 12 shows, the device of the application of the invention is even the extensibility materials with smaller also can obtain good processing result.
Experimental example 3
Change the girth of slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts, the bending machining state of research pipe.In addition, the variation of girth can be undertaken by the flange part of grinding slot part and pressing mold portion.The pipe that uses is the electric welded steel pipe of external diameter (D) as the carbon steel of φ 70mm, girth 220mm, wall thickness (t) 2.0mm, stretches with the JIS11 pipe and weighs, and hot strength (TS) is that 460Mpa, extensibility are 55%.The bending radius of the bending machining that this pipe carries out (R) is 180mm ( 2.6D), and angle of bend is 90 °.Do not use plug, wiper die and pressing mold force application apparatus, the pressure that pressing mold is pressurizeed is 12.5ton.
Fig. 3 represents the girth of bending die and pressing mold, and the maximum of the pipe after the processing subtracts thick rate.Fig. 3 shows, is 85%～98% scope of pipe girth by the girth that makes bending die and pressing mold, can obtain good pipe outward appearance after processing.In addition, be 85%～97% scope of pipe girth by the girth that makes bending die and pressing mold, can make maximum subtract thick rate and be reduced to about 7%.In addition, by being 85%～95%, can doing one's utmost to reduce maximum and subtract below the thick rate to 5%.
Experimental example 4
Identical pipe is being carried out in the process of bending machining, changing pressure, the perimeter change of research pipe the pressing mold pressurization.The pipe that uses is the electric welded steel pipe of external diameter (D) as the carbon steel of φ 65mm, girth 204mm, wall thickness (t) 2.3mm, stretches with the JIS11 pipe and weighs, and hot strength (TS) is that 840Mpa, extensibility are 22%.The bending radius of the bending machining that this pipe carries out (R) is 180mm ( 2.8D), and angle of bend is 90 °.Do not use plug, wiper die and pressing mold force application apparatus, the girth of slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts is 184mm.
Be added on the pressing mold pressure and processing after pipe girth relation as shown in Figure 4.Fig. 4 shows that along with the pressing mold applied pressure is increased, the girth of pipe diminishes.Just, even on a pipe, also can change the girth of the pressure of pressing mold being controlled pipe.
Change the girth of slot part and pressing mold 3 mating parts, the bending machining state of research pipe.Carry out hydroforming afterwards.
The pipe that uses is the electric welded steel pipe of carbon steel, is the JIS11 number pipe (pipe) of hot strength (TS) for 390Mpa, and external diameter (D) is φ 70mm, girth 220mm, extensibility 55%, wall thickness (t) 2.0mm.Carry out concentric undergauge processing (50mm) at the two ends of pipe.
The bending radius of the bending machining that this pipe carries out (R) is 180mm ( 2.6D), and angle of bend is 90 °.Do not use plug, wiper die and pressing mold force application apparatus, the pressure that pressing mold is pressurizeed is 12.5ton.Fig. 5 represents the section shape of pressing mold and bending die.Use these bending dies 11 and pressing mold 31 to replace the bending die 1 and the pressing mold 3 of apparatus of the present invention.The girth of table 3 expression bending die and pressing mold and the outward appearance and the maximum of the pipe after the processing subtract thick rate.
Afterwards,, under (girth 200mm, 204mm) under 2 kinds of conditions, carry out hydroforming, check outward appearance the pipe after the processing of each experimental example.The result merges to table 3 expression.
Table 3
| The girth of bending die and pressing mold | The bending machining situation | The hydroforming situation | ||||
| (mm) | The ratio of former relatively pipe (%) | Outward appearance | Maximum subtracts thick rate (%) | Girth 200mm | Girth 204mm | |
| Experimental example 25 | 220 | 100 | Buckle | - | Subtract thick | - |
| Experimental example 26 | 216 | 98.2 | Well | 11.0 | Well | Well |
| Experimental example 27 | 212 | 96.4 | Well | 6.5 | Well | Well |
| Experimental example 28 | 208 | 94.5 | Well | 4.0 | Well | Well |
| Experimental example 29 | 204 | 92.7 | Well | 3.0 | Well | Well |
| Experimental example 30 | 200 | 90.9 | Well | 3.0 | Well | Well |
| Experimental example 31 | 196 | 89.1 | Well | 3.0 | Well | Well |
| Experimental example 32 | 192 | 87.3 | The tube wall projection | 3.0 | The tube wall bossing folds into | The tube wall bossing folds into |
Show from table 3, even the girth that makes bending die and pressing mold does not produce on the pipe after the processing and buckles with respect to only short any the experimental example 26～32 of the girth of pipe.In addition, the girth that makes bending die and pressing mold is the experimental example 26～31 of about 88%～98.5% scope with respect to the girth of pipe, does not produce and buckles and the tube wall projection, and outward appearance is good.
After hydroforming in, in experimental example 27～32, in experimental example 26～32, do not produce during girth 204mm and subtract thickly when girth is 200mm, obtain good surface appearance and tube wall state.When girth 200mm, 106% of the girth 200mm of the hydroforming pass the when bending die of experimental example 27 and the girth of pressing mold are hydroforming, similarly, 108% of the girth 204mm of the hydroforming pass the when bending die of experimental example 26 and the girth of pressing mold are hydroforming, as long as the girth of bending die and pressing mold is below 108% of girth of hydroforming pass, just can not subtract thick good hydroforming as can be known.In addition,, do not producing on the tube wall bossing that subtracts thick pipe for experimental example 32, can be owing to hydroforming produces invagination.
Near under the condition of actual processing conditions, carry out tube bending processing and hydroforming.The pipe that uses is the electric welded steel pipe of external diameter (D) as the carbon steel of φ 65mm, girth 204mm, wall thickness (t) 2.3mm, stretches with the JIS11 pipe and weighs, and hot strength (TS) is 840Mpa, extensibility 22%.
The angle of bend of the bending machining that this pipe carries out is 90 °, and bending radius (R) is 90mm when angle of bend is 0～12.5 °, is straight line during 12.5～30 ° of camber angles, is 180mm during 30～90 ° of angle of bend then.
Fig. 6 represents the section shape of pressing mold and bending die.Use these bending dies 12 and pressing mold 32 to replace the bending die 1 and the pressing mold 3 of apparatus of the present invention, the girth of bending die 12 and pressing mold 32 mating parts is 188mm.Do not use plug, wiper die and pressing mold force application apparatus.
Fig. 7 represent with the pressure of the corresponding pressing mold 32 of angle of bend, processing after the pipe girth and the girth of hydroforming pass.In addition, Fig. 8 represent with the pressure of the corresponding pressing mold 32 of angle of bend, processing after the pipe width and the width of hydroforming pass.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show, by change the pressure of pressing mold 32 gradually in bending machining, can obtain having the girth that the hydroforming pass different with girth on the direction of principal axis of pipe adapt and the pipe of width.
Pipe section after the bending machining is and the corresponding shape of the section shape of bending die shown in Figure 6 and pressing mold.Just can the part of the tube wall of pipe be damaged by pressure, and make the narrowed width of pipe by the straight line portion that is arranged on the pressing mold 32.
Can process the width of pipe narrower, so can not insert pipe intrusively with the hydroforming pass than the width of hydroforming pass.Just can omit the drawing operation of carrying out after the bending machining in the past.
As detailed above, the pipe that ends of tubes carries out undergauge processing becomes compound R shape by 1 bending machining, can form the pipe section shape that can not insert intrusively with the hydroforming pass simultaneously.To the pressure of pressing mold, the slot part that changes bending die and the shape of pressing mold, can easily on the direction of principal axis of pipe, control the shape of pipe section by control.
Claims (12)
1. tube bend processing device comprises: bending die, and it has rotatable main part and is formed at the side face of this main part and has slot part with the corresponding shape of curved shape of pipe; The anchor clamps that keep the part of this pipe; Pressing mold can be clipped in this pipe between this slot part of pressing mold and this bending die, and can move on the direction of principal axis of this pipe of clamping; Towards the pressue device of bending die to this pressing mold pressurization; Control device with this pressue device of control is characterized in that: straight line and this pressing mold of the abutment by this bending die and this pipe and the pivot of this main part meet at a bit, and this pressue device is the device that pressurizes to this intersection point on this rectilinear direction.
2. tube bend processing device according to claim 1, the girth of described bending die and described pressing mold mating part is than all length of described pipe.
3. tube bend processing device according to claim 1 and 2, described control device are the devices of controlling described pressue device according to the curved shape of this pipe.
4. tube bend processing device according to claim 1 and 2, the rotation angle detection apparatus with the anglec of rotation that detects described bending die, described control device is controlled described pressue device according to the detected anglec of rotation of this rotation angle detection apparatus.
5. tube bend processing device according to claim 1 and 2, described control device control described pressue device so that the amount of feeding of described pressing mold is setting.
6. tube bend processing device according to claim 1 and 2 has on the moving direction of described pipe the pressing mold force application apparatus to the described pressing mold application of force.
7. tube bend processing device according to claim 1 and 2 does not dispose plug in the inside of the part of being clamped by described bending die and described pressing mold of described pipe.
8. tube bend processing method, use following part device: bending die, it has rotatable main part and is formed at the side face of this main part and has slot part with the corresponding shape of curved shape of pipe; The anchor clamps that keep the part of this pipe; Pressing mold can be clipped in this pipe between this slot part of pressing mold and this bending die, and can move on the direction of principal axis of this pipe of clamping; Towards the pressue device of bending die to this pressing mold pressurization; Control device with this pressue device of control, it is characterized in that: straight line and this pressing mold of the abutment by this bending die and this pipe and the pivot of this main part meet at a bit, this pressue device is the device that on this rectilinear direction this intersection point is pressurizeed, and carries out undergauge in crooked this pipe.
9. tube bend processing method according to claim 8, the girth of described slot part and described pressing mold mating part is than all length of described pipe.
10. according to Claim 8 or 9 described tube bend processing methods, the curved shape according to described pipe carries out undergauge to this pipe.
11. according to Claim 8 or 9 described tube bend processing methods, described pipe is carried out undergauge according to the detected anglec of rotation of rotation angle detection apparatus of the anglec of rotation that detects described bending die.
12. according to Claim 8 or 9 described tube bend processing methods, do not dispose plug in the inside of the part of being clamped of described pipe by described bending die and described pressing mold.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI20101036A1 (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2011-12-10 | Sierra S P A | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR BENDING A HEAT EXCHANGE BATTERY |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5784387B2 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2015-09-24 | 第一高周波工業株式会社 | Metal pipe bending machine |
| CN102950177A (en) * | 2012-11-11 | 2013-03-06 | 大连日盛实业有限公司 | Bending die tool for metal thin-wall pipelines |
| CN103212638A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-07-24 | 安徽大为汽车配件有限公司 | Stretch bending die of sash of light bus |
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| CN1868629A (en) | 2006-11-29 |
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